GAMBARAN ADAPTASI PASIEN DIABETES MELLITUS TIPE 2 TERHADAP PENYAKIT DIABETES MELLITUS TIPE 2 DI POLI PENYAKIT DALAM RSUD AL-IHSAN KABUPATEN BANDUNG.
ABSTRAK
DM tipe 2 merupakan penyakit kronis yang bisa menyebabkan
banyak komplikasi sehingga harus dikelola dengan baik. Perubahan pola hidup
dalam pengelolaan penyakit ini membutuhkan kemampuan adaptasi pasien DM
tipe 2 Pengelolaan yang baik dapat mencegah komplikasi. Keunikan individu
menyebabkan timbulnya perbedaan dalam beradaptasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan
untuk mengetahui gambaran adaptasi pasien terhadap penyakit DM tipe 2.
Penelitian ini bersifat deskripsif kuantitatif. Sebanyak 84 responden
diambil dengan teknik accidentally sampling selama 14 hari. Pengumpulan data
menggunakan Cognitive Adaptation Theory Index (Helgesson, 1993) dan diolah
dengan teknik Mean dimana hasil ≥ mean dikategorikan adaptif, dan hasil < mean
dikategorikan maladaptif.
Hasil penelitian didapatkan hampir setengah responden (38,1%)
maladaptif terhadap penyakit DM tipe 2 berdasarkan subvariabel optimisme,
harga diri dan kontrol diri. Dengan demikian, perlu mengkaji kemampuan
adaptasi pasien DM tipe 2 untuk meminimalisir komplikasi. Salah satu
pendekatan yang bisa dilakukan adalah pendidikan kesehatan mengenai penyakit
DM tipe 2 khususnya berkaitan dengan harga diri pasien DM.
Kata kunci
: Adaptasi, Pasien DM tipe 2.
iv
ABSTRACT
Physiological and psychological changes caused by type 2 diabetes
mellitus (DM) reduced the integrity of the patient which could adversely impact
its management. Efforts to improve the integrity and the process of adjustment to
illness was necessary in order to minimize the risk of complications due to poor
disease’s management. Effort and this process called patient's adaptation to
illness.
This descriptive study became aimed to describe the patient's adaptation
to type 2 DM. The three sub-variables of adaptation was been a barometer were
optimism, self-esteem and self-control. A total of 84 respondents through
accidentally sampling methods included in this study. Data collection was use the
Cognitive Adaptation Theory Index (Helgesson, 1993). Processing and data
analysis was using techniques Mean.
The results showed 61.9% of respondents as adaptive to the disease. The
results of the related sub-variables were optimism (60.7% higher) and the
optimism related to disease (61.9% higher), while self-esteem (60.7 higher) and
self-esteem related to diseases (45.2% higher) and self-control (57.1% higher)
and self-control related to diseases (64.2% higher)
Thus, the need to address the adaptation because it can minimize the
complications of type 2 DM. One approach that can be provided through health
education about the disease of type 2 DM.
Keywords: Adaptation, type 2 DM patients.
DM tipe 2 merupakan penyakit kronis yang bisa menyebabkan
banyak komplikasi sehingga harus dikelola dengan baik. Perubahan pola hidup
dalam pengelolaan penyakit ini membutuhkan kemampuan adaptasi pasien DM
tipe 2 Pengelolaan yang baik dapat mencegah komplikasi. Keunikan individu
menyebabkan timbulnya perbedaan dalam beradaptasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan
untuk mengetahui gambaran adaptasi pasien terhadap penyakit DM tipe 2.
Penelitian ini bersifat deskripsif kuantitatif. Sebanyak 84 responden
diambil dengan teknik accidentally sampling selama 14 hari. Pengumpulan data
menggunakan Cognitive Adaptation Theory Index (Helgesson, 1993) dan diolah
dengan teknik Mean dimana hasil ≥ mean dikategorikan adaptif, dan hasil < mean
dikategorikan maladaptif.
Hasil penelitian didapatkan hampir setengah responden (38,1%)
maladaptif terhadap penyakit DM tipe 2 berdasarkan subvariabel optimisme,
harga diri dan kontrol diri. Dengan demikian, perlu mengkaji kemampuan
adaptasi pasien DM tipe 2 untuk meminimalisir komplikasi. Salah satu
pendekatan yang bisa dilakukan adalah pendidikan kesehatan mengenai penyakit
DM tipe 2 khususnya berkaitan dengan harga diri pasien DM.
Kata kunci
: Adaptasi, Pasien DM tipe 2.
iv
ABSTRACT
Physiological and psychological changes caused by type 2 diabetes
mellitus (DM) reduced the integrity of the patient which could adversely impact
its management. Efforts to improve the integrity and the process of adjustment to
illness was necessary in order to minimize the risk of complications due to poor
disease’s management. Effort and this process called patient's adaptation to
illness.
This descriptive study became aimed to describe the patient's adaptation
to type 2 DM. The three sub-variables of adaptation was been a barometer were
optimism, self-esteem and self-control. A total of 84 respondents through
accidentally sampling methods included in this study. Data collection was use the
Cognitive Adaptation Theory Index (Helgesson, 1993). Processing and data
analysis was using techniques Mean.
The results showed 61.9% of respondents as adaptive to the disease. The
results of the related sub-variables were optimism (60.7% higher) and the
optimism related to disease (61.9% higher), while self-esteem (60.7 higher) and
self-esteem related to diseases (45.2% higher) and self-control (57.1% higher)
and self-control related to diseases (64.2% higher)
Thus, the need to address the adaptation because it can minimize the
complications of type 2 DM. One approach that can be provided through health
education about the disease of type 2 DM.
Keywords: Adaptation, type 2 DM patients.