6 Tenses Dalam Bahasa Inggris Lengkap de (1)

16 Tenses Dalam Bahasa Inggris Lengkap dengan Rumus
dan Contoh Kalimatnya
pengertian tenses secara sederhana ialah pola kalimat yang berubah sesuai
dengan waktu yang dirujuk merujuk yaitu masa lalu (Past), masa sekarang
(Present) dan masa depan (Future).
16 Tenses Bahasa Inggris dibagi menjadi 4 kelompok besar yaitu Present Tense,
Past Tense, Future Tenses (Present), Conditional/Past Future. Berikut adalah
ringkasan mengenai tenses-tenses dalam bahasa inggris tersebut .
1. Simple Present Tense
Suatu tense yang digunakan untuk menunjukkan kebiasaan, fakta dan kejadian
yang terjadi pada masa sekarang.
Rumus dan Contoh Kalimat
(+) Bentuk Positif
-Subject + To be 1 + Non Verb + Object
- Subject + Verb 1 + Object
Contoh :
She is an english teacher
I speak english every day
(-) Bentuk Negatif
-Subject + To be 1 + NOT + Non Verb + Object
-Subject + DON'T / DOESN'T + Verb 1 + Object

Contoh :
She is not an english teacher
I don't speak english everyday
(?) Tanya
-To be 1 + Subject + Non Verb + Object?
- DO / DOES + Subject + Verb 1 + Object?
Contoh :
Is She an English Teacher?
Do You Speak english everyday

2. Present Continuous Tense
Suatu tense yang digunakan untuk menunjukan kejadian yang terjadi sekarang
atau juga rencana di masa depan.
Rumus dan Contoh Kalimatnya
(+) Bentuk Positif
subject + to be (am, is, are) + Verb – ing + object
She is watching TV now
(-) Bentuk Negatif
subject + to be + not + verb – ing + object
She is not watching TV now

(?) Bentuk Tanya
to be + subject + verb – ing + object
Is She watching TV now

3. Present Perfect Tense
Suatu tense yang digunakan untuk menyatakan kejadian yang telah dimulai
pada suatu titik dan berlangsung hingga sekarang.
Rumus dan Contoh Kalimatnya
(+) Bentuk positif
-Subject + has/have + been + object
He has been at home since morning
-Subject + has/have + Verb III + object
I have studied English For Three Years
(–) Bentuk negative
-Subject + has / have + not + been + object
He has not been at home since morning
-Subject +has / have + not + verb III + object
I have not studied English For Three Years

( ? ) Bentuk interrogative

-Have / has + subject + been + object
Has He been at home since morning
-Have / has + Subject + verb III + object
Have I studied English For Three Years

4. Present Perfect Continuous Tense
Tense yang digunakan untuk menunjukkan satu kejadian yang dimulai pada
masa lalu dan terus berlanjut.
Rumus dan Contoh Kalimatnya
( + ) Bentuk positif
-Subject + has/have + been + V-ing
She Has not been reading book for an hour
( – ) Bentuk negative
Subject + has / have + not + been + V-ing
She Has not been reading book for an hour
( ? ) Bentuk interrogative
-Have / has + subject + been + V-ing
Has she been reading a book for an hour

5. Simple Past Tense

Tense yang digunakan untuk menyatakan kejadian yang telah terjadi pada waktu
tertentu di masa lalu.
Rumus dan Contoh Kalimat
(+) Bentuk Positif :
-Subject + was/were + complement (pelengkap)
-Subject + Verb II + Object
Contoh :
-I saw a movie yesterday

-Last year, Daniel was here
(-) Bentuk Negatif
-Subject + to be (was/were) + not + complement
-Subject + did not + Verb I + Object
Contoh :
-I did not see him yesterday
-She was not here yesterday
Bentuk did not atau was/were not bisa disingkat menjadi didn’t atau wasn’t dan
weren’t
(?) Bentuk Interrogative :
-Did + Subject + Verb I + Object + ?

Contoh :
-Did you play football yesterday ?

6) Past Continuous Tense
Jenis tenses yang digunakan untuk menyatakan bahwa ada kegiatan yang terjadi
di masa lalu dan belum selesai.
Rumus dan Contoh Kalimat
Positif (+)
Subject + to be (was/were) + verb-ing + object
He was sleeping when I came
Negatif (-)
Subject + was/were + not + verb-ing + object
He was not sleeping when I came
Tanya (?)
- was/were + subject + verb-ing + object ?
Was He sleeping when You came?

7. Past Perfect Tense

Tense yang digunakan untuk menyatakan kejadian yang sudah terjadi dan juga

sudah selesai pada masa lalu
Rumus dan Contoh Kalimat
Positif (+)
Subject + had + verb III + (past participle) + object
She had gone to Australia when I called her
Negatif (-)
Subject + had + not + verb III + object
She had not gone to Australia when I called her
Tanya (?)
Had + subject + verb III + object ?
Had She gone to Australia when You called her

8. Past Perfect Continuous Tense
Tenses yang digunakan untuk menyatakan bahwa suatu aksi telah selesai
sebelum kejadian yang lainnya terjadi.
Rumus dan Contoh Kalimatnya
Positif (+)
Subject + had + been + verb-ing + object
He had been living in Jakarta about ten years
Negatif (-)

Subject + had + not + been + verb-ing + object
He had not been living in Jakarta about ten years
Tanya (?)
Had + subject + been + object ?
Had He been living in Jakarta about ten years?
Yuk, langsung saja ke tenses-nya :
9. Future Tense (Present)

Jenis yang digunakan untuk menyatakan kejadian di masa depan, baik secara
terencana (be going) atau secara spontan (will).
Rumus dan Contoh Kalimatnya :
Positif (+)
Subject + will/shall + verb I + object
Subject + am/is/are + going to + verb I + object
Contoh :
We will go to school soon
The students are going to have a test next month
Negatif (-)
Subject + will/shall + verb I + object
Subject + am/is/are + not + going to + verb I + object

Contoh :
We will not go to school soon
The students are not going to have a test next
Pertanyaan (?)
Will/shall + subject + verb I + object
Am/is/are + subject + going to + verb I + object
Contoh :
Will we go to school soon ?
Are the students going to have a test next month ?

10. Future Continuous Tense
Jenis tenses yang digunakan untuk menyatakan kejadian yang akan berlangsung
di masa depan.
Rumus dan Contoh Kalimat
Positif (+)
Subject + will/shall + be + verb-ing + object
I will be studying English tomorrow

Negatif (-)
Subject + will/shall + not + verb-ing + object

I will not be studying English tomorrow
Tanya (?)
Will/shall + subject + be + verb-ing + object
Will You be studying English tomorrow

11. Future Perfect Tense
Jenis tenses yang digunakan menyatakan kejadian yang akan telah selesai pada
masa depan
Rumus dan Contoh Kalimat
Positif (+)
Subject + shall/will + have + been + complement
Subject + shall/will + have + verb III + object
Contoh :
I will have been in this hospital until tomorrow morning
Majid will have rented my house next month
Negatif (-)
Subject + shall/will + not + been + complement
Subject + shall/will + not + have + verb III + object
Contoh :
I will not have been in this hospital until tomorrow morning

Majid will not have rented my house next month
Interrogative atau kalimat tanya (?)
Shall/will + subject + been + complement
Shall/will + subject + have + verb III + object?
Contoh :
Will you have been in this hospital until tomorrow morning?
Will Majid have rented my house next month?

12. Future Perfect Continuous Tense
Jenis tenses yang digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu kejadian dimasa depan
akan telah berlangsung.
Rumus dan Contoh Kalimat
Positif (+)
Subject + shall/will + have + been + verb-ing + object
I will have been visiting grandmother tomorrow morning
Negatif (-)
Subject + shall/will + not + have + been + verb-ing + object
I will not have been visiting grandmother tomorrow morning
Interrogative atau kalimat tanya (?)
Shall/will + subject + have + been + verb-ing + object?

Will you have been visiting grandmother tomorrow morning?

13. Past Future tense/(Simple) Conditional
Tenses ini digunakan untuk menyatakan probabilitas. Contoh: if I found his
wallet, I would give it back to him
Rumus dan Contoh
Positif (+)
Subject + should/would + be + object
Subject + should/would + verb I + object
Contoh :
She should be in Yogyakarta next month
I would be pick up when you arrive at the station tomorrow
Negatif (-)
Subject + should/would + not + be + object
Subject + should/would + not + verb + object
Contoh :

She should not be in Yogyakarta next month
I would not be pick up when you arrive at the station tomorrow
Interrogative/Tanya (?)
Should/would + subject + be + object?
Should/would + subject + verb I + object?
Contoh :
Should She be in Yogyakarta next month
Would you be pick up when I arrive at the station tomorrow

14. Past Future Continuous tense/Conditional
Tense yang digunakan untuk menyatakan kemungkinan yang akan dilakukan
melalui sebuah proses.
Rumus dan Contoh Kalimat :
Positif (+)
Subject + should/would + be + verb-ing + object
My brother would be finishing Thesis last week
Negatif (-)
Subject + should/would + not + be + verb-ing + object
My brother would not be finishing Thesis last week
Tanya (?)
Should/would + subject + be + verb-ing + object?
Would your brother finishing Thesis last week?

15. Past Future Perfect tense/Conditional
Tenses ini digunakan untuk menyatakan kemungkinan yang akan telah dilakukan
oleh subyek.
(+) Positif
Subject + should/would + have + been + complement
Subject + should/would + have + verb III + object

Contoh:
- Ani would have seen John if She had come earlier
- Sinta would have been married if her parents had permitted
(-) Negatif
Subject + should/would + not + have + been + complement
Subject + should/would + not + have + verb III + object
Contoh :
- Ani would not have seen John if She had come earlier
- Sinta would not have been married if her parents had permitted
(?)Tanya
Should/would + subject + have + been + complement ?
Should/would + subject + have + verb III + object ?
Contoh
- Would Ani have seen John if She had come earlier
- Would Ani have been married if her parents had permitted

16. Past Future Perfect Continuous tense/Conditional
Jenis Tenses yang digunakan untuk menyatakan kemungkinan yang akan telah
dilakukan untuk beberapa saat.
Rumus dan Contoh Kalimat
(+) Positif
Subject + should/would + have + been + verb-ing + object
Contoh :
By last Saturday I should have been sailing for three days.
(-) Negatif
Subject + should/would + not + have + been + verb-ing + object
By last Saturday I should have been sailing for three days
(?) Tanya
Should/would + subject + have + been + verb-ing + object ?

Contoh :
Should you have been sailing for three days By last Saturday?

Bentuk, Pengertian, Rumus, dan Contoh Tenses
A. Present
Present merupakan suatu kata kerja yang bisa dibilang menunjukan waktu lebih tepatnya saat
ini, present dibagi menjadi 4 tenses, yaitu present tense, present continuous tense, present
perfect tense dan present perfect continuous tense.

1. Present tense
Present tense adalah suatu bentuk kata kerja yang digunakan untuk menyatakan fakta,
kebiasaan, kejadian, kegiatan, aktivitas dan sebagainya yang terjadi pada saat ini. Present

Tense juga digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu Fakta, atau sesuatu yang tejadi berulang-ulang
dimasa KINI. Bentuk kata kerja ini paling sering diguanakan dalam bahasa Inggris
Rumusnya:
Positif
: S + V1 (s/es)
Negatif
: S + DO/DOES + NOT + V1
Tanya
: DO/DOES + S + V1
Contoh :
(+) he drinks milk
(- ) he doesn’t drink milk
(?) does he drink milk ?

2. Present Continuous Tense
Present continuous tense adalah suatu bentuk kata kerja yang digunakan untuk menyatakan,
mengatakan, membicarakan aksi yang sedang berlangsung sekarang (present) atau rencana di
masa depan (future). Karena dapat diguanakan dalam present atau future. Tense ini sering
diiringi adverb of time untuk memperjelasnya.
Rumusnya:
Positif
Negatif
Tanya

: S + Tobe +Ving
: S +Tobe +Not + Ving
: Tobe + S + Ving

Contoh :
(+) We are studying now
(- ) We aren’t studying now
(?) Are you studying now ?

3. Present Perfect Tense
Present perfect adalah suatu bentuk kerja yang digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu perbuatan
atau peristiwa yang telah dikerjakan dan masih berkaitan dengan masa sekarang
Rumusnya:
Positif
: S + Have/has + V3
Negative
: S + Have/has Not + V3
Tanya
: Have/has + S + V3
Contoh:
(+) I have lived here for 2 years
(- ) I haven’t lived here 2 years
(?) Have you lived here 2 years ?

4. Present perfect continuous tense
Present perfect continuous tense suatu bentuk kata kerja yang diguanakan untuk menyatakan
sebuah peristiwa atau kejadian yang baru saja selesai .
Rumusnya:
Positif
: S + Have/has + been + Ving
Negative
: S + have/has + not + been + Ving
Tanya
: have/has + S + been + Ving
Contoh :

(+) She has been eating
(- ) She has not been eating
(?) Has She been eating ?

B. Past
Past merupakan suatu kata kerja yang bisa dibilang menunjukan waktu lebih tepatnya
dahulu/yang sudah lampau, past dibagi menjadi 4 tense, yaitu past tense, past continuous
tense, past perfecet tense dan past perfect continuous tense
1.

Past tense
Past tense merupakan tense yang digunakan untuk menyatakan peristiwa yang telah
“Lampau”. Lampau disini tak harus sudah terlalu lama, yang penting sudah berlalu, sudah
lewat. Itulah penekanannya. Mungkin kemarin, satu jam lalu, 1 tahun yang lalu, 1 abad yang
lalu, dan sebagainya.
Rumusnya :
Positif
: S + V2
Negative
: S + did + not + V1
Tanya
: Did + S + V1
Contoh:
(+) He bought a pair of shoes yesterday
(- ) He didn’t buy a pair of shoes yesterday
(?) Did he buy a pair of shoes yesterday ?

2.

Past continuous tense
Past continuous tense merupaka tense yang digunakan untuk untuk menyatakan peristiwa
yang sedang terjadi juga, tetapi sedang terjadi sekarangg, melainkan sedang terjadi tetapi
dulu, tetapi sudah lewat.
Rumusnya:
Positif
: S + was/were +Ving
Negatif
: S + was/were + not + Ving
Tanya
: Was/were + S + Ving
Contoh :
(+) He was cooking
(- ) He was not cooking
(?) Was he cooking ?

3.

Past perfect tense
Past perfect tense adalah bentuk waktu yang digunakan untuk menunjukan, menyatakaan
sesuatu yang telah selesai dilakukan pada saat itu (dimasa lampau/waktu yang telah lalu).
Rumusnya:
Positif
: S + Had + V3
Negative
: S + had + not + V3
Tanya
: had + S + V3
Contohnya :
(+) My parents had already eaten by the time i got home
(- ) Sam had not left when we got there
(?) When your son was in the junior high school, had you lived there ?

4.

Past perfect continuous tense
past perfect continuous tense adalah bentuk yang digunakan untuk menyatakan hal atau
peristiwa yang sesuatu yang telah dan sedang terjadi dimasa lampau.
Rumusnya:
Positif
: S + had + been + Ving
Negative
: S + Had + not + been + Ving
Tanya
: had + S + been + Ving
Contohnya
(+) She had been reading a novel
(- ) She had not reading a novel
(?) Had She been reading a novel ?

C. Future
future merupakan suatu kata kerja yang bisa dibilang menunjukan waktu lebih tepatnya
Nanti/yang belum terjadi, dalam future dibagi menjadi 8 bentuk, yaitu : future tense, future
continuous tense, future perfect tense, future perfect continuous tense, past future tense,
past future continuous tense, past future perfect tense, dan past future perfecet
continuous tense.

1. Future tense
Future tense bentuk waktu yang digunakan untuk untuk menyatakan perbuatan atau peristiwa
yang akan Terjadi. Future tense adalah tentang Nanti. Sesuatu arti katanya Future yaitu masa
depan
Rumusnya:
Positif
: S + will + V1
Negative
: S + will + not + V1
Tanya
: Will + S + V1
Contoh :
(+) He wiil go to Bandung tomorrow
(- ) He will not go to Bandung tomorrow
(?) Will he go to Bandung tomorrow ?

2. Future continuous tense
Future continuous tense bentuk waktu yang digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu peristiwa
yang akan Sedang Terjadi atau akan sedang dilakukan di waktu tertentu di masa yang akan
datang juga sebagaimana Present Continuous Tense, tetapi bedanya dalam Future Continuous
Tense maka “Sedang” nya itu bukan sekarang melainkan besok, akan datang, nanti.
Rumusnya :
Positif
: S + will + be + Ving
Negatif
: S + will + not + be + Ving
Tanya
: Will + S + be + Ving
Contoh :
(+) She will be reading at 8 p.m
(- ) She will not be reading at 8 p.m
(?) Will she be reading at 8 p.m ?

3. Future perfect tense
Future perfect tense bentuk waktu yang digunakan untuk menyatakan sesuatu yang akan
selesai di masa depan yang sudah mulai di masa lalu.
Rumusnya:
Positif
: S + will + have + V3
Negative
: S + will + not + have + V3
Tanya
: will + S + have + V3
Contoh:
(+) Dika will have rented my house next month
(- ) Dika will not have rented my house next month
(?) Will Dika have rented my house next month ?

4. Future perfect continuous tense
Future perfect continuous tense adalah suatu bentuk kerja yang digunakan untuk menyatakan
bahwa suatu aksi akan sudah beralngsung selama sekian lama pada titik waktu tertentu di
masa depan atau peristiwa yang akan, telah dan masih berlangung di masa
datang.
Rumusnya:
Positif

: S + will + have + been + Ving

Negative

: S + will + not + have + been + ving

Tanya

: will + S + have + been + Ving

Contoh :
(+) The cat will have been sleeping long
(- ) The cat won’t have been sleeping long
(?) Will the cat have been sleeping long ?

5. Past future tense

Past future tense adalah suatu bentuk kata kerja yang digunakan untuk
menyatakan peristiwa akan dilakukan tetapi di masa lampau bukan saat ini.
Rumusnya :
Positif
: S + would + V1
Negative
: S + would + not + V1
Tanya
: would + S + V1
Contoh :
(+) You would work
(- ) You would not work
(?) would you wok ?

6. Past future continuous tense

Past future continuous tense adalah bentuk waktu yang digunakan untuk menyatakan
peristiwa yang akan sedang dilakukan, di waktu tertentu di masa yang akan datang.
Rumusnya:
Positif
: S + would + be + Ving
Negative
: S + would + not + be + Ving
Tanya
: Would + S + be + Ving
Contoh:
(+) I would be taekwondo training at 6 yesterday.
(- ) I would not be taekwondo training at 6 yesterday.
(?) Would you be taekwondo training at 6 yesterday ?

7. Past future perfect tense
Past future perfect tense merupakan tense yang digunakan untuk menyatakan sesuatu yang
Sudah terjadi, tetapi AKAN namun posisinya pasti sudah berlalu.
Rumusnya:
Positif
: S + would + have + V3
Negative
: S + would + not + have + V3
Tanya
: would + S + have + V3
Contoh :
(+) They would have driven home
(- ) They would not have driven home
(?) Would they have driven home ?

8. Past future perfect continuous tense
Past future perfect continuous tense merupakan tense yang digunakan untuk menyatakan
peristiwa yang akan, telah dan masih berlangung di masa yang lalu, masa lampau. Past Future
Perfect Continuous Tense mengenai peristiwa atau hal yang akan telah sedang terjadi di masa
lampau.
Rumusnya :
Positif
: S + would + have + been + Ving
Negative
: S + would + not + have + been + Ving
Tanya
: would + S + have + been + Ving
Contoh :
(+) She would have been working there for 1 year
(- ) She would not have been working there for 1 year
(? ) Would she have been working there for 1 year?