S PPB 1200644 Table of content
DAFTAR ISI
LEMBAR PENGESAHAN
LEMBAR PERNYATAAN
LEMBAR KATA MUTIARA
ABSTRAK ............................................................................................................. i
KATA PENGANTAR ......................................................................................... iii
UCAPAN TERIMA KASIH .............................................................................. iv
DAFTAR ISI ........................................................................................................ vi
DAFTAR TABEL ............................................................................................... ix
DAFTAR BAGAN .................................................................................................x
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ....................................................................................... xi
BAB I PENDAHULUAN .......................................................................................1
1.1.Latar Belakang ..................................................................................................1
1.2.Rumusan Masalah Penelitian ............................................................................7
1.3.Tujuan Penelitian ..............................................................................................9
1.4.Manfaat Penelitian ............................................................................................9
1.5.Struktur Organisasi Skripsi .............................................................................10
BAB II SELF-EFFICACY DAN PRESTASI BELAJAR ................................11
2.1.Self-Efficacy ....................................................................................................11
2.1.1. Perspektif Teoritis ...................................................................................11
2.1.2. Pengertian Self-Efficacy ..........................................................................12
2.1.3. Dimensi-Dimensi Self-Efficacy ...............................................................14
2.1.3.1.Dimensi Tingkat (Level Magnitude) ................................................14
2.1.3.2.Dimensi Generalisasi (Generality) ..................................................15
2.1.3.3.Dimensi Kekuatan (Strength) ..........................................................15
2.1.4. Proses Terjadinya Self-Efficacy ..............................................................16
2.1.4.1.Proses Kognitif ................................................................................16
2.1.4.2.Proses Motivasional .........................................................................17
2.1.4.3.Proses Afektif ..................................................................................18
2.1.4.4.Proses Seleksi ..................................................................................18
2.1.5. Sumber-Sumber Self-Efficacy .................................................................20
2.1.5.1.Pengalaman Keberhasilan (Mastery Experiences) ..........................20
2.1.5.2.Pengalaman Orang Lain (Vicarious Experiences) ...........................21
2.1.5.3.Persuasi Verbal (Verbal Persuation) ...............................................22
2.1.5.4.Keadaan Fisiologis dan Emosional (Physiological and Emotional
States)................................................................................................22
2.1.6. Pengaruh Self-Efficacy pada Tingkah Laku ............................................23
2.1.6.1.Perencanaan Tindakan yang Akan Dilakukan .................................24
2.1.6.2.Besarnya Usaha ................................................................................24
2.1.6.3.Daya Tahan dalam Menghadapi Rintangan dan Kesulitan ..............25
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2.1.6.4.Resiliensi Terhadap Kegagalan .......................................................25
2.1.6.5.Pola Pikir ..........................................................................................26
2.1.6.6.Stres dan Depresi .............................................................................26
2.1.7. Self-Efficacy dalam Berbagai Konteks ....................................................26
2.1.7.1.Penyesuaian Psikologis dan Self-Efficacy (Self-Efficacy and
Psychological Adjusment) ................................................................26
2.1.7.2.Kesehatan Fisik dan Self-Efficacy (Self-Efficacy and Physical
Health) .............................................................................................27
2.1.7.3.Regulasi Diri dan Self-Efficacy (Self-Efficacy and Self-Regulation)
..........................................................................................................27
2.1.7.4.Psikoterapi dan Self-Efficacy (Self-Efficacy and Psychotherapy) ....28
2.1.7.5.Collective-Efficacy ...........................................................................28
2.1.8. Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Self-Efficacy ...................................28
2.1.8.1.Keluarga ...........................................................................................29
2.1.8.2.Teman Sebaya ..................................................................................29
2.1.8.3.Sekolah Sebagai Sarana Meningkatkan Self-Efficacy .....................30
2.1.8.4.Jenis Kelamin ...................................................................................30
2.1.8.5.Usia ..................................................................................................30
2.1.8.6.Tingkat Pendidikan ..........................................................................31
2.1.8.7.Pengalaman ......................................................................................31
2.1.9. Pengukuran Self-Efficacy ........................................................................31
2.2.Prestasi Belajar ................................................................................................32
2.2.1. Makna Prestasi Belajar ...........................................................................32
2.2.2. Indikator Prestasi Belajar ........................................................................33
2.2.3. Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Prestasi Belajar ..............................35
2.2.4. Ragam Evaluasi Prestasi Belajar ............................................................38
2.3.Penelitian yang Relevan ..................................................................................39
2.4.Kerangka Pemikiran ........................................................................................41
BAB III METODE PENELITIAN ....................................................................43
3.1.Pendekatan Penelitian .....................................................................................43
3.2.Desain Penelitian .............................................................................................43
3.3.Lokasi Penelitian .............................................................................................43
3.4.Populasi Penelitian ..........................................................................................44
3.5.Definisi Operasional Variabel .........................................................................45
3.5.1. Self-Efficacy ............................................................................................45
3.5.2. Prestasi Belajar ........................................................................................46
3.6.Instrumen Penelitian .......................................................................................47
3.6.1. Instrumen Self-Efficacy ...........................................................................47
3.6.2. Instrumen Prestasi Belajar ......................................................................48
3.7.Uji Kelayakan Instrumen ................................................................................48
3.7.1. Uji Validitas Rasional .............................................................................48
3.7.2. Uji Keterbacaan Item ..............................................................................50
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3.7.3. Uji Validitas Butir Item ..........................................................................50
3.7.4. Uji Reliabilitas ........................................................................................51
3.8.Prosedur Penelitian .........................................................................................52
3.8.1. Tahap Persiapan ......................................................................................52
3.8.2. Tahap Pelaksanaan ..................................................................................53
3.8.3. Tahap Pelaporan ......................................................................................53
3.9.Analisis Data ...................................................................................................53
3.9.1. Verifikasi Data ........................................................................................53
3.10. Penyekoran Instrumen .................................................................................53
3.10.1. Penyekoran Instrumen Self-Efficacy .....................................................53
3.10.2. Penyekoran Instrumen Prestasi Belajar ................................................54
3.11. Pengolahan Data ..........................................................................................54
3.11.1. Profil Self-Efficacy dan Prestasi Belajar ...............................................54
3.11.2. Uji Koefisien Korelasi ..........................................................................55
3.11.3. Uji Hipotesis .........................................................................................56
BAB IV HASIL PENELITIAN DAN PEMBAHASAN ...................................58
4.1. Hasil Penelitian ..............................................................................................58
4.1.1. Hubungan Self-Efficacy dengan Prestasi Belajar .....................................58
4.1.2. Hubungan Dimensi Magnitude pada Self-Efficacy dengan Prestasi Belajar
..................................................................................................................58
4.1.3. Hubungan Dimensi Strength pada Self-Efficacy dengan Prestasi Belajar
..................................................................................................................59
4.1.4. Hubungan Dimensi Generality pada Self-Efficacy dengan Prestasi Belajar
..................................................................................................................60
4.2. Pembahasan ....................................................................................................60
4.2.1. Hubungan antara Self-Efficacy dengan Prestasi Belajar Peserta Didik
Kelas X SMK Negeri 12 Bandung Tahun Ajaran 2015/2016 ................59
4.2.2. Hubungan antara Dimensi Magnitude pada Self-Efficacy dengan Prestasi
Belajar Peserta Didik Kelas X SMK Negeri 12 Bandung Tahun Ajaran
2015/2016 ...............................................................................................63
4.2.3. Hubungan antara Dimensi Strength pada Self-Efficacy dengan Prestasi
Belajar Peserta Didik Kelas X SMK Negeri 12 Bandung Tahun Ajaran
2015/2016 ................................................................................................65
4.2.4. Hubungan antara Dimensi Generality pada Self-Efficacy dengan Prestasi
Belajar Peserta Didik Kelas X SMK Negeri 12 Bandung Tahun Ajaran
2015/2016 ................................................................................................68
BAB V SIMPULAN DAN SARAN ....................................................................72
5.1. Simpulan ........................................................................................................72
5.2. Rekomendasi ..................................................................................................72
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ..........................................................................................75
LAMPIRAN
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RIWAYAT HIDUP
DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 2.1. Jenis, Indikator dan Cara Evaluasi Prestasi .........................................35
Tabel 3.1. Populasi Penelitian ...............................................................................47
Tabel 3.2. Kisi-kisi Instrumen Self-Efficacy (Sebelum Uji Validitas Rasional) ...49
Tabel 3.3. Hasil Penimbangan Angket Pengungkap Self-Efficacy .......................51
Tabel 3.4. Kisi-kisi Instrumen Self-Efficacy (Setelah Uji Validitas Rasional) .....51
Tabel 3.5. Hasil Uji Validitas Butir Item Instrumen Self-Efficacy .......................53
Tabel 3.6. Skor Kategorisasi Reliabilitas ..............................................................54
Tabel 3.7. Tingkat Reliabilitas Instrumen Self-Efficacy .......................................54
Tabel 3.8. Pedoman Untuk Memberikan Interpretasi Koefisien ...........................57
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DAFTAR BAGAN
Bagan 2.1. Hubungan Self-Efficacy, Motivasi Belajar dan Prestasi Belajar .........44
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DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
LAMPIRAN 1
ADMINISTRASI PENELITIAN
1.1.SK Pengangkatan Dosen
1.2.Surat Penelitian di SMK Negeri 12 Bandung
1.3.Surat Pernyataan Konsultasi Pengolahan Data Penelitian
LAMPIRAN 2
INSTRUMEN PENELITIAN
2.1. Kisik-Kisik Instrumen Penelitian
2.1.1. Kisik-Kisik Instrumen Penelitian Self-Efficacy Sebelum Judgemen
2.1.2. Hasil Judgmen Instrumen
2.1.3. Kisik-Kisik Instrumen Penelitian Self-Efficacy Setelah Judgemen
2.1.4. Uji Keterbacaan
2.2. Hasil Uji Validitas dan Reliabilitas
2.2.1. Hasil Uji Validitas
2.2.2. Hasil Uji Reliabilitas
2.3. Instrumen Penelitian Self-Efficacy
LAMPIRAN 3
PENGOLAHAN DATA
3.1.Data Penelitian
3.1.1. Data Self-Efficacy
3.1.2. Data Prestasi Belajar
3.2.Analisis Deskriptif
3.2.1. Analisis Deskriptif Self-Efficacy
3.2.2. Analisis Deskriptif Prestasi Belajar
3.3 Gambaran Umum
3.3.1. Gambaran Umum Self-Efficacy
3.3.2. Gambaran Umum Prestasi Belajar
3.4 Hubungan Self-Efficacy dengan Prestasi Belajar
3.5 Hubungan Dimensi pada Self-Efficacy dengan Prestasi Belajar
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LAMPIRAN 4
DOKUMENTASI
RIWAYAT HIDUP
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LEMBAR PENGESAHAN
LEMBAR PERNYATAAN
LEMBAR KATA MUTIARA
ABSTRAK ............................................................................................................. i
KATA PENGANTAR ......................................................................................... iii
UCAPAN TERIMA KASIH .............................................................................. iv
DAFTAR ISI ........................................................................................................ vi
DAFTAR TABEL ............................................................................................... ix
DAFTAR BAGAN .................................................................................................x
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN ....................................................................................... xi
BAB I PENDAHULUAN .......................................................................................1
1.1.Latar Belakang ..................................................................................................1
1.2.Rumusan Masalah Penelitian ............................................................................7
1.3.Tujuan Penelitian ..............................................................................................9
1.4.Manfaat Penelitian ............................................................................................9
1.5.Struktur Organisasi Skripsi .............................................................................10
BAB II SELF-EFFICACY DAN PRESTASI BELAJAR ................................11
2.1.Self-Efficacy ....................................................................................................11
2.1.1. Perspektif Teoritis ...................................................................................11
2.1.2. Pengertian Self-Efficacy ..........................................................................12
2.1.3. Dimensi-Dimensi Self-Efficacy ...............................................................14
2.1.3.1.Dimensi Tingkat (Level Magnitude) ................................................14
2.1.3.2.Dimensi Generalisasi (Generality) ..................................................15
2.1.3.3.Dimensi Kekuatan (Strength) ..........................................................15
2.1.4. Proses Terjadinya Self-Efficacy ..............................................................16
2.1.4.1.Proses Kognitif ................................................................................16
2.1.4.2.Proses Motivasional .........................................................................17
2.1.4.3.Proses Afektif ..................................................................................18
2.1.4.4.Proses Seleksi ..................................................................................18
2.1.5. Sumber-Sumber Self-Efficacy .................................................................20
2.1.5.1.Pengalaman Keberhasilan (Mastery Experiences) ..........................20
2.1.5.2.Pengalaman Orang Lain (Vicarious Experiences) ...........................21
2.1.5.3.Persuasi Verbal (Verbal Persuation) ...............................................22
2.1.5.4.Keadaan Fisiologis dan Emosional (Physiological and Emotional
States)................................................................................................22
2.1.6. Pengaruh Self-Efficacy pada Tingkah Laku ............................................23
2.1.6.1.Perencanaan Tindakan yang Akan Dilakukan .................................24
2.1.6.2.Besarnya Usaha ................................................................................24
2.1.6.3.Daya Tahan dalam Menghadapi Rintangan dan Kesulitan ..............25
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2.1.6.4.Resiliensi Terhadap Kegagalan .......................................................25
2.1.6.5.Pola Pikir ..........................................................................................26
2.1.6.6.Stres dan Depresi .............................................................................26
2.1.7. Self-Efficacy dalam Berbagai Konteks ....................................................26
2.1.7.1.Penyesuaian Psikologis dan Self-Efficacy (Self-Efficacy and
Psychological Adjusment) ................................................................26
2.1.7.2.Kesehatan Fisik dan Self-Efficacy (Self-Efficacy and Physical
Health) .............................................................................................27
2.1.7.3.Regulasi Diri dan Self-Efficacy (Self-Efficacy and Self-Regulation)
..........................................................................................................27
2.1.7.4.Psikoterapi dan Self-Efficacy (Self-Efficacy and Psychotherapy) ....28
2.1.7.5.Collective-Efficacy ...........................................................................28
2.1.8. Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Self-Efficacy ...................................28
2.1.8.1.Keluarga ...........................................................................................29
2.1.8.2.Teman Sebaya ..................................................................................29
2.1.8.3.Sekolah Sebagai Sarana Meningkatkan Self-Efficacy .....................30
2.1.8.4.Jenis Kelamin ...................................................................................30
2.1.8.5.Usia ..................................................................................................30
2.1.8.6.Tingkat Pendidikan ..........................................................................31
2.1.8.7.Pengalaman ......................................................................................31
2.1.9. Pengukuran Self-Efficacy ........................................................................31
2.2.Prestasi Belajar ................................................................................................32
2.2.1. Makna Prestasi Belajar ...........................................................................32
2.2.2. Indikator Prestasi Belajar ........................................................................33
2.2.3. Faktor-Faktor yang Mempengaruhi Prestasi Belajar ..............................35
2.2.4. Ragam Evaluasi Prestasi Belajar ............................................................38
2.3.Penelitian yang Relevan ..................................................................................39
2.4.Kerangka Pemikiran ........................................................................................41
BAB III METODE PENELITIAN ....................................................................43
3.1.Pendekatan Penelitian .....................................................................................43
3.2.Desain Penelitian .............................................................................................43
3.3.Lokasi Penelitian .............................................................................................43
3.4.Populasi Penelitian ..........................................................................................44
3.5.Definisi Operasional Variabel .........................................................................45
3.5.1. Self-Efficacy ............................................................................................45
3.5.2. Prestasi Belajar ........................................................................................46
3.6.Instrumen Penelitian .......................................................................................47
3.6.1. Instrumen Self-Efficacy ...........................................................................47
3.6.2. Instrumen Prestasi Belajar ......................................................................48
3.7.Uji Kelayakan Instrumen ................................................................................48
3.7.1. Uji Validitas Rasional .............................................................................48
3.7.2. Uji Keterbacaan Item ..............................................................................50
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3.7.3. Uji Validitas Butir Item ..........................................................................50
3.7.4. Uji Reliabilitas ........................................................................................51
3.8.Prosedur Penelitian .........................................................................................52
3.8.1. Tahap Persiapan ......................................................................................52
3.8.2. Tahap Pelaksanaan ..................................................................................53
3.8.3. Tahap Pelaporan ......................................................................................53
3.9.Analisis Data ...................................................................................................53
3.9.1. Verifikasi Data ........................................................................................53
3.10. Penyekoran Instrumen .................................................................................53
3.10.1. Penyekoran Instrumen Self-Efficacy .....................................................53
3.10.2. Penyekoran Instrumen Prestasi Belajar ................................................54
3.11. Pengolahan Data ..........................................................................................54
3.11.1. Profil Self-Efficacy dan Prestasi Belajar ...............................................54
3.11.2. Uji Koefisien Korelasi ..........................................................................55
3.11.3. Uji Hipotesis .........................................................................................56
BAB IV HASIL PENELITIAN DAN PEMBAHASAN ...................................58
4.1. Hasil Penelitian ..............................................................................................58
4.1.1. Hubungan Self-Efficacy dengan Prestasi Belajar .....................................58
4.1.2. Hubungan Dimensi Magnitude pada Self-Efficacy dengan Prestasi Belajar
..................................................................................................................58
4.1.3. Hubungan Dimensi Strength pada Self-Efficacy dengan Prestasi Belajar
..................................................................................................................59
4.1.4. Hubungan Dimensi Generality pada Self-Efficacy dengan Prestasi Belajar
..................................................................................................................60
4.2. Pembahasan ....................................................................................................60
4.2.1. Hubungan antara Self-Efficacy dengan Prestasi Belajar Peserta Didik
Kelas X SMK Negeri 12 Bandung Tahun Ajaran 2015/2016 ................59
4.2.2. Hubungan antara Dimensi Magnitude pada Self-Efficacy dengan Prestasi
Belajar Peserta Didik Kelas X SMK Negeri 12 Bandung Tahun Ajaran
2015/2016 ...............................................................................................63
4.2.3. Hubungan antara Dimensi Strength pada Self-Efficacy dengan Prestasi
Belajar Peserta Didik Kelas X SMK Negeri 12 Bandung Tahun Ajaran
2015/2016 ................................................................................................65
4.2.4. Hubungan antara Dimensi Generality pada Self-Efficacy dengan Prestasi
Belajar Peserta Didik Kelas X SMK Negeri 12 Bandung Tahun Ajaran
2015/2016 ................................................................................................68
BAB V SIMPULAN DAN SARAN ....................................................................72
5.1. Simpulan ........................................................................................................72
5.2. Rekomendasi ..................................................................................................72
DAFTAR PUSTAKA ..........................................................................................75
LAMPIRAN
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RIWAYAT HIDUP
DAFTAR TABEL
Tabel 2.1. Jenis, Indikator dan Cara Evaluasi Prestasi .........................................35
Tabel 3.1. Populasi Penelitian ...............................................................................47
Tabel 3.2. Kisi-kisi Instrumen Self-Efficacy (Sebelum Uji Validitas Rasional) ...49
Tabel 3.3. Hasil Penimbangan Angket Pengungkap Self-Efficacy .......................51
Tabel 3.4. Kisi-kisi Instrumen Self-Efficacy (Setelah Uji Validitas Rasional) .....51
Tabel 3.5. Hasil Uji Validitas Butir Item Instrumen Self-Efficacy .......................53
Tabel 3.6. Skor Kategorisasi Reliabilitas ..............................................................54
Tabel 3.7. Tingkat Reliabilitas Instrumen Self-Efficacy .......................................54
Tabel 3.8. Pedoman Untuk Memberikan Interpretasi Koefisien ...........................57
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DAFTAR BAGAN
Bagan 2.1. Hubungan Self-Efficacy, Motivasi Belajar dan Prestasi Belajar .........44
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DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
LAMPIRAN 1
ADMINISTRASI PENELITIAN
1.1.SK Pengangkatan Dosen
1.2.Surat Penelitian di SMK Negeri 12 Bandung
1.3.Surat Pernyataan Konsultasi Pengolahan Data Penelitian
LAMPIRAN 2
INSTRUMEN PENELITIAN
2.1. Kisik-Kisik Instrumen Penelitian
2.1.1. Kisik-Kisik Instrumen Penelitian Self-Efficacy Sebelum Judgemen
2.1.2. Hasil Judgmen Instrumen
2.1.3. Kisik-Kisik Instrumen Penelitian Self-Efficacy Setelah Judgemen
2.1.4. Uji Keterbacaan
2.2. Hasil Uji Validitas dan Reliabilitas
2.2.1. Hasil Uji Validitas
2.2.2. Hasil Uji Reliabilitas
2.3. Instrumen Penelitian Self-Efficacy
LAMPIRAN 3
PENGOLAHAN DATA
3.1.Data Penelitian
3.1.1. Data Self-Efficacy
3.1.2. Data Prestasi Belajar
3.2.Analisis Deskriptif
3.2.1. Analisis Deskriptif Self-Efficacy
3.2.2. Analisis Deskriptif Prestasi Belajar
3.3 Gambaran Umum
3.3.1. Gambaran Umum Self-Efficacy
3.3.2. Gambaran Umum Prestasi Belajar
3.4 Hubungan Self-Efficacy dengan Prestasi Belajar
3.5 Hubungan Dimensi pada Self-Efficacy dengan Prestasi Belajar
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LAMPIRAN 4
DOKUMENTASI
RIWAYAT HIDUP
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