Prof. Dr. I Gede Pitana, M.Sc – Deputi Bidang Pengembangan dan Pemasaran Kemenpara
INDONESIA
MEMASUKI MEA:
PERSPEKTIF
PARIWISATA
Om Swastyastu
Prof. Dr. I Gde Pitana
Brahmananda, M.Sc.
Deputi Menteri bdg Pemasaran
Pariwisata Mancanegara, Kemenpar
RI.
Guru Besar dmk Ilmu Pariwisata,
Universitas Udayana.
S1: Ekonomi Pertanian, Univ Udayana.
S2: Sociology of Development, Ateneo de
Manila Uni.
POINTS OF DISCUSSION
1. Pendahuluan
2. ASEAN Economic
Community
3. Kerjasama ASEAN
Dalam Pariwisata
4. Peluang dan tantangan
1. Pendahuluan
ASEAN
ASEA
N
Pangsa Pasar Wisatawan ASEAN
SHARE OF INTERNATIONAL VISITOR ARRIVALS
TO ASEAN 2013
Pada tahun 2013,
share terbesar
adalah
wisatawan asing
intra ASEAN
sebesar 46% dan
Asia lain (non
ASEAN) sebesar
32%
Sumber: ASEAN secretariat 2014
ASEA
N
Indonesia Dalam Konteks ASEAN
Economic Community (AEC)
• Pertanyaan: Apakah Indonesia
Siap Bersaing?
• Harus Diubah Menjadi: Apa yang
harus dilakukan agar Indonesia
siap bersaing?
2. ASEAN Economic
Community
TIGA PILAR ASEAN
COMMUNITY
ASEAN Community by 2015
One Vision One Community
Three Pillars
ASEAN
Security Community
ASEAN
ASEAN
Socio-Cultural Community
Economic
Community
dicetuskan oleh para Pemimpin
Negara
ASEAN di Cebu, Filipina
pada 13 Januari 2007 dan ASEAN
Charter Dec 2008
ASEA
N
ASEAN Economic Community 2015
12 ASEAN Priority Integration Sectors
(sektor yang dipercepat integrasinya)
7 Sektor Barang :
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Produk Berbasis Agro
Otomotif
Elektronika
Produk Karet
Tekstil, dan produk tekstil (TPT)
Perikanan
Barang dari Kayu
5 Sektor Jasa
:
1. Penerbangan
2. Jasa Online
3. Pariwisata
4. Kesehatan
5. Logistik
Free Flow of Goods
Tariff Liberalization
Provide a wider choice of safe and high quality
goods and quick access to new and innovative
products at a competitive price for consumers
in the region
Increased business capability and opportunity
for ASEAN small and medium enterprises
Reduced administrative burden for ASEAN
regulators through shared responsibility with
manufacturers in ensuring safe products in
market of Member States
Increased opportunities for trade and
investment
what ASEAN wants to achieve
harmonizing standards and technical
regulations without compromising the safety,
quality, performance of products placed in the
ASEAN market
harmonizing national standards and conformity
assessment procedures towards common
standards and conformance procedures in
ASEAN
working towards convergence of national
regulations towards a common regulation in
ASEAN
what ASEAN is doing
Fre
e
Flo
w
of
Go
ods
Trade
Facilit
ation:
TBT
(1)
Harmonization of national standards
and technical requirements with
UNECE Regulations for automotive
and automotive parts
Mutual recognition arrangement of
test reports and certificates issued by
listed and approved accredited
Technical Services bodies
Regional approach and commitment
on emission standards and
regulations
Automotive products
Harmonization of technical
requirements for food control
systems, food hygiene and food
labelling in line with international
practices
Setting up of regional technical
infrastructure for testing facilities –
ASEAN Reference Laboratories
Post market alert systems for
exchange of information and alert of
unsafe food products in ASEAN
Agro-based products
what has been achieved
Fre
e
Flo
w of
Goo
ds
Trade
Facilita
tion:
TBT (2)
Harmonization of regulatory approaches in
ASEAN for the essential requirements of
safety of electrical and electronic equipment
supported by international standards and
test method for the verification of its safety
and performance
Mutual recognition arrangements for
acceptance and recognition of test reports
and certification of listed and approved
conformity assessment bodies
Electrical and electronic equipment
Single regulatory requirement for cosmetic
products manufactured and/or placed in
ASEAN
ASEAN Harmonized Cosmetic Regulatory
Scheme signed on 2 September 2003 and
entered into force on 1 January 2008
Self-declaration of conformity by
manufacturers on safety and quality of
cosmetic products
Reduction of administrative bureaucracy at
the regulatory level when placing cosmetics
products in ASEAN
Cosmetic products
what has been achieved (2)
Fre
e
Flo
w
of
Go
ods
Trade
Facilit
ation:
TBT
(3)
Liberalization undertaken through
the ASEAN Framework Agreement
on Services (AFAS) and objective is
to eliminate substantially
restrictions to trade in services
among Member States
Member States will liberalize trade
in services by expanding the depth
and scope of liberalization beyond
those undertaken under the GATS
(WTO) with the aim of realizing a
free trade area in services
Open Services: 4 modes of delivery
– consumption through import,
through export, establish
commercial presence (investment),
and movement of natural persons
Fre
e
Flo
w
of
Ser
vic
es
Targets and timelines under
the AEC Blueprint
Fre
e
Flo
w
of
Ser
vic
es
Adoption of international best practices in
investment
An improved Investment Agreement –
the ASEAN Comprehensive Investment
Agreement - ACIA (2009)
Objective: to enhance ASEAN’s
competitiveness through achieving a free
and open investment regime by 2015
Activities : ASEAN is creating an
integrated investment region by
harmonizing investment rules and
progressively reducing investment
restrictions through:
Fre
e
Flo
w
of
Inv
est
me
nt
Covers the 4 pillars of liberalisation,
protection, facilitation and promotion
Liberalization - adoption of a single negative
list – all sectors considered open unless
listed in the reservation lists
Progressive liberalization of restrictions by
2015
Modalities for reduction/elimination currently
being developed
ASEAN-based investors enjoy the benefits
of non-discriminatory treatment (unless
stated in the reservations)
ASEAN Comprehensive
Investment Agreement (ACIA)
Fre
e
Flo
w
of
Inv
est
me
nt
3. Kerjasama ASEAN
Dalam Pariwisata
VISIT ASEAN CAMPAIGN is ASEAN’s
regional marketing tool
ASEAN TOURISM INVESTMENT FORUM
organized to promote tourism
investment opportunities in the region;
in 2010, this Forum is expected to
promote the establishment of the
ASEAN Tourism Investment Corridor
Development
Enhancing CRUISE TOURISM by
improving sea connectivity
ASEAN TOURISM STANDARDS is
designed to ensure the quality of
tourism services delivery
MUTUAL RECOGNITION ARRANGEMENT
for tourism human resources aims to
facilitate the movement and use of
skilled labor available in ASEAN Member
States and to promote tourism within
the region
To
uri
sm
(1)
Develop and promote ASEAN as a
single tourist destination
Create favorable conditions for
public-private sector engagement
in tourism development, intraASEAN travel and investment in
tourism services and facilities
Substantially reduce restrictions to trade
in tourism and travel services
Establish an integrated network of
tourism and travel services to take
advantage of the complementary nature
of the region’s tourist attractions
ULTIMATE GOAL OF ASEAN COOPERATION
IN TOURISM: fully integrate the tourism
sector across ASEAN Member States
through liberalization, facilitation and
promotion measures
To
uri
sm
(2)
INTEGRASI DI SEKTOR PARIWISATA
Integrasi di sektor pariwisata selain mengacu pada kesepakatan di bidang jasa,
juga mengacu pada ASEAN Tourism Agreement (ATA) yang disepakati Menteri
Menteri Pariwisata ASEAN di Pnom Penh, 4 Nopember 2002.
ASEAN Tourism Agreement dijadikan acuan dalam pengembangan pariwisata
ASEAN melalui ASEAN Tourism Ministerial Meetings (AMM), ASEAN National
Tourism Organizations (NTOs) Meetings, dan
ASEAN Tourism Working Group (ATWG) Meetings.
ASEAN ECONOMIC COMMUNITY
( AEC ) 2015
Free Flow of
Goods
Free Flow of
SERVICES
Free Flow of
Investment
Free Flow of
Capital
Free Flow of
Skilled Labor
AFAS
AFAS (ASEAN
(ASEAN Framework
Framework Agreement
Agreement on
on Service)Transportation,
Service)Transportation, Heatlh,
Heatlh, E-ASEAN
E-ASEAN ,, TOURISM
Mode 1
Cross-border
supply
Mode 2
Consumption
Abroad
Mode 3
Commercial
Presence
Mode 4
Movement of Individual Service/Movement of
Natural Person
ASEAN
ASEAN MRA
MRA
TOURISM
TOURISM PROFESSIONAL
PROFESSIONAL
CERTIFICATION
CERTIFICATION
COMPETENCY
COMPETENCY STANDARD
STANDARD
HOTEL
HOTEL
Service
Service
Tour
Tour &
& Travel
Travel
Service
Service
No
32 JOB TITLES YANG DISEPAKATI DALAM
MUTUAL RECOGNITION AGREEMENT (MRA)
DALAM MASYARAKAT EKONOMI ASEAN
Jenis Pekerjaan
No Jenis (MEA)
Pekerjaan
No Jenis Pekerjaan
FRONT OFFICE
FOOD PRODUCTION
23.
1.
FO Manager
12.
Demi Chef
TRAVEL AGENCIES
2.
FO Supervisor
13.
Commis Chef
24.
General Manager
3.
Receptionist
14.
Chef de Partie
25
Assisstant General
Manager
4.
Telephone Operator
15.
Commis Pastry
26.
Senior Travel Consultant
5.
Bell Boy
16.
Baker
27
Travel Consultant
FOOD AND BEVERAGE
17.
Butcher
TOUR OPERATION
6.
F & B Director
HOUSE KEEPING
28
Product Manager
7.
F & B Outlet Manager
18.
Executive
Housekeeper
29
Sales and Marketing Manager
8.
Head Waiter
19.
Laundry Manager
30
Credit Manager
9.
Bartender
20.
Floor Supervisor
31
Ticketing Manager
10.
Waiter
21.
Laundry Attendant
32
Tour Manager
11.
Executive Chef
22.
Room Attendant
25
Public Area Cleaner
ASEA
N
ASEAN Common Visa Plan
ASEAN Tourism Strategic Plan / ATSP
2011-2015:
1.
Enhance
and
accelerate
travel
facilitation and ASEAN connectivity :
Advocate for a Single Visa for the
ASEAN Region
Work with Other ASEAN Bodies to
Expand Connectivity through Air,
Water,
Rail
and
Ground
Transportation
2.
Pada 19th ASEAN Summit, di Bali
(2011) disepakati untuk mengkaji
pelaksanaan ASEAN common visa
secara komprehensif, dengan time
line-nya
ASEA
N
Contoh Common Visa yang sudah
Berlaku di ASEAN
- ACMECS Single Visa (ASV): a common visa
bagi 5 negara: Cambodia, Lao PDR,
Myanmar, Thailand dan Vietnam. Tapi
sampai saat ini baru dua negara yang
sepakat melaksanakan, yaitu Cambodia dan
Thailand (sejak 27 Desember 2012)
ASEA
N
ASEAN as a single destination
Visit
ASEAN@50
Komitmen Indonesia Pada ASEAN
Framework Agreement on Services
(AFAS)
Kesepakatan AFAS terakhir telah mencapai kesepakatan yang bernama AFAS 8th
Package, yang mencakup :
1.BUSINESS SERVICES
2.COMMUNICATIONS SERVICES
3.CONSTRUCTION AND RELATED ENGINEERING SERVICES
4.DISTRIBUTION SERVICES
5.EDUCATION SERVICES
6.ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES
7.HEALTHCARE SERVICES
8.TOURISM AND TRAVEL RELATED SERVICES
9.TRANSPORT SERVICES
10.
RECREATIONAL, CULTURAL AND SPORTING SERVICES (OTHER THAN
AUDIO VISUAL SERVICES)
11.
OTHER SERVICES N.E.C
12.
ENERGY SERVICES
ASEA
N
Kepemilikan Investasi Asing
Sektor Pariwisata
NO
SEKTOR
KETERANGAN
1
Hotel Bintang 3-5
70% kepemilikan Asing, 100% kepemilikan Asing di
Indonesia Bagian Timur, Kalimantan, NTT,
Bengkulu, Jambi, dan Sulawesi.
2
Hotel Bintang 1-2
70% di Indonesia Timur, wilayah lain tertutup
untuk kepemilikan asing.
3
Beverage Service
49% Indonesia Timur
4
Beverage service with
Entertaiment
51% Indonesia Timur
5
Jasa Konsultansi Pariwisata
Maksimal 70%
6
Operator Hotel
Internasional
Maksimal 70%
7
Jasa Olahraga dan
Rekreasi Lainnya
Lapangan Golf dan Fasilitas Lainnya 100% di
Indonesia Timur, Kalimantan, Bengkulu, Jambi,
Sulawesi, NTT, Lampung, dan Bangka Belitung.
Untuk Area
8
Resort
70% kepemilikan Asing, 100% kepemilikan Asing di
Indonesia Bagian Timur, Kalimantan, NTT,
Bengkulu, Jambi, dan Sulawesi.
ASEA
N
Posisi Indonesia Saat ini
Dalam pengembangan kompetensi SDM pariwisata:
1. Menjelaskan Peraturan Pemerintah no. 52 tahun
2012 tentang Sertifikasi Kompetensi dan Sertifikasi
Usaha di Bidang Pariwisata
2. Menyusun 33 (tigapuluh tiga) standar kompetensi
di bidang pariwisata.
3. Menfasilitasi pelatihan bagi Work Place Assessor
kepada 770 participants di seluruh Indonesia.
4. Memfasilitasi penyusunan Materi Asesmen
Kompetensi bagi 22 SKKNI bidang pariwisata.
5. Memfasilitasi pendirian Lembaga Sertifikasi Profesi
bidang Pariwisata sebanyak 22 calon LSP namun
yang sudah disahkan BNSP baru 12. LSP.
6. Telah berhasil menjadi penggagas disusunnya
standar kompetensi bidang pariwisata di ASEAN
(ACCSTP) dan kurikulumnya (CATC) beserta MRAnya.
4. Peluang dan tantangan
ASEA
N
Perbandingan Daya Saing Pariwisata Indonesia di ASEAN
Daya Saing
Indonesia Unggul
dibandingkan
Negara Filipina dan
Vietnam, dan
Kamboja dengan
keunggulan utama
adalah sumber
daya alam
(peringkat 6)
dan daya saing
harga (peringkat
9)
Sumber: World Economic Forum (WEF)
Daya Saing Kepariwisataan
Indonesia
2013
2011
Membaik
dari
peringkat
ke-74 (dari
139
negara) pa
da tahun
2011
menjadi
peringkat
ke-70 (dari
140 negara)
pada tahun
2013.
PETA PANGSA INBOUND DI 6 NEGARA ASEAN DARI 11
NEGARA SASARAN UTAMA
Korsel
China
Malaysia
Malaysia
Singapura
Singapura
Malaysia
Singapura
menguasai
pangsa inbound
di Malaysia
begitu pula
sebaliknya,
Malaysia
menguasai
pangsa inbound
Singapura.
Komposisi
Inbound
Thailand,
Indonesia, dan
Vietnam lebih
beragam
dibandingkan
komposisi
inbound
Singapura dan
Malaysia.
Sumber: Euromonitor International, 2011
35
Posisi Daya Saing Pariwisata Indonesia di ASEAN
PERINGKAT DAYA SAING PARIWISATA ASEAN 2009 - 2013
2009
2011
2013
Rank/133
Rank/139
Rank/140
Singapore
Malaysia
Thailand
Brunei
Darussalam
10
32
39
10
10
35
34
41
43
69
67
72
Indonesia
81
74
70
Philippines
Vietnam
Cambodia
Laos
Myanmar
86
89
108
-
94
82
80
80
109
106
Country/
Economy
Sumber : World Economic Forum, 2009 - 2013
SOUTHEAST ASIA TRAVEL & TOURISM
2012
Change per
year
2023
(2013-2023)
GDP
USD256
billion
+5.8%
USD480
billion
JOBS
25.5 million
+2.6%
34.7 million
INVESTME
NTS
7.3% of
total
+6.5%
8.1% of
total
EXPORTS
6.3% of
total
+7.1%
6.0% of
total
Southeast Asia Region− Visitor Arrivals 2008-2018
Source: PATA, 2014
AREAS OF OPPORTUNITY OF VISA
FACILITATION
Improve the delivery of information
Facilitate current processes
Provide differentiated treatment for key market segments
Implement eVisa programmes
Establish regional agreements
Source: WTTC, 2014
ASEAN International Tourism Receipts
Visa facilitation policies
would bring between 6
and 10 million additional
tourists by 2016.
The additional tourists
would generate US$ 7
billion and US$ 12 billion
in receipts
Source: WTTC, 2014
ASEAN Direct Travel & Tourism Employment
The additional receipts
would create between
187,000 and 367,000
direct industry jobs by
2016
Total job creation could
reach between 330,000
and 654,000 jobs by
2016
Source: WTTC, 2014
Tantangan
ASEA
N
• Pemerataan kompetensi dan sertifikasi untuk 34 Provinsi
terutama untuk Indonesia Bagian Timur.
• Penerapan Standar Usaha dalam rangka standardisasi kualitas
produk pelayanan usaha pariwisata untuk bersaing di AEC
2015.
• Ketersediaan Lahan yang clear dan Infrastruktur pendukung
(Akses, Energy, Air Bersih) dalam kaitannya dengan pelayanan
investasi di bidang pariwisata.
• Kesiapan Masyarakat Lokal khususnya di desa-desa wisata
dalam kaitannya dengan pelayanan wisatawan, bahasa asing,
dan kompetensi lainnya.
• Masih rendahnya apresiasi industri terhadap sertifikasi
kompetensi tenaga kerja
Peluang
ASEA
N
• Kesempatan bekerja terbuka lebar untuk mereka yang kompeten
(bersertifikat) ke negara-negara ASEAN.
• Kesempatan berinvestasi dan menarik investor ke dan dari negara
anggota ASEAN lainnya.
• Meningkatnya persaingan bisnis akan meningkatkan kualitas produk
dan pelayanan usaha pariwisata.
• Skala Perekonomian secara makro akan tumbuh dengan pesat,
karena adanya perluasan scope dari nasional ke regional.
• Dalam sertifikasi kompetensi tenaga kerja, Indonesia memimpin, dan
sebagian besar (80%) standar kompetensi adalah berasal dari
usulan Indonesia
ASEA
N
Terima
Om shanti
shanti shanti,
Kasih
Om
MEMASUKI MEA:
PERSPEKTIF
PARIWISATA
Om Swastyastu
Prof. Dr. I Gde Pitana
Brahmananda, M.Sc.
Deputi Menteri bdg Pemasaran
Pariwisata Mancanegara, Kemenpar
RI.
Guru Besar dmk Ilmu Pariwisata,
Universitas Udayana.
S1: Ekonomi Pertanian, Univ Udayana.
S2: Sociology of Development, Ateneo de
Manila Uni.
POINTS OF DISCUSSION
1. Pendahuluan
2. ASEAN Economic
Community
3. Kerjasama ASEAN
Dalam Pariwisata
4. Peluang dan tantangan
1. Pendahuluan
ASEAN
ASEA
N
Pangsa Pasar Wisatawan ASEAN
SHARE OF INTERNATIONAL VISITOR ARRIVALS
TO ASEAN 2013
Pada tahun 2013,
share terbesar
adalah
wisatawan asing
intra ASEAN
sebesar 46% dan
Asia lain (non
ASEAN) sebesar
32%
Sumber: ASEAN secretariat 2014
ASEA
N
Indonesia Dalam Konteks ASEAN
Economic Community (AEC)
• Pertanyaan: Apakah Indonesia
Siap Bersaing?
• Harus Diubah Menjadi: Apa yang
harus dilakukan agar Indonesia
siap bersaing?
2. ASEAN Economic
Community
TIGA PILAR ASEAN
COMMUNITY
ASEAN Community by 2015
One Vision One Community
Three Pillars
ASEAN
Security Community
ASEAN
ASEAN
Socio-Cultural Community
Economic
Community
dicetuskan oleh para Pemimpin
Negara
ASEAN di Cebu, Filipina
pada 13 Januari 2007 dan ASEAN
Charter Dec 2008
ASEA
N
ASEAN Economic Community 2015
12 ASEAN Priority Integration Sectors
(sektor yang dipercepat integrasinya)
7 Sektor Barang :
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Produk Berbasis Agro
Otomotif
Elektronika
Produk Karet
Tekstil, dan produk tekstil (TPT)
Perikanan
Barang dari Kayu
5 Sektor Jasa
:
1. Penerbangan
2. Jasa Online
3. Pariwisata
4. Kesehatan
5. Logistik
Free Flow of Goods
Tariff Liberalization
Provide a wider choice of safe and high quality
goods and quick access to new and innovative
products at a competitive price for consumers
in the region
Increased business capability and opportunity
for ASEAN small and medium enterprises
Reduced administrative burden for ASEAN
regulators through shared responsibility with
manufacturers in ensuring safe products in
market of Member States
Increased opportunities for trade and
investment
what ASEAN wants to achieve
harmonizing standards and technical
regulations without compromising the safety,
quality, performance of products placed in the
ASEAN market
harmonizing national standards and conformity
assessment procedures towards common
standards and conformance procedures in
ASEAN
working towards convergence of national
regulations towards a common regulation in
ASEAN
what ASEAN is doing
Fre
e
Flo
w
of
Go
ods
Trade
Facilit
ation:
TBT
(1)
Harmonization of national standards
and technical requirements with
UNECE Regulations for automotive
and automotive parts
Mutual recognition arrangement of
test reports and certificates issued by
listed and approved accredited
Technical Services bodies
Regional approach and commitment
on emission standards and
regulations
Automotive products
Harmonization of technical
requirements for food control
systems, food hygiene and food
labelling in line with international
practices
Setting up of regional technical
infrastructure for testing facilities –
ASEAN Reference Laboratories
Post market alert systems for
exchange of information and alert of
unsafe food products in ASEAN
Agro-based products
what has been achieved
Fre
e
Flo
w of
Goo
ds
Trade
Facilita
tion:
TBT (2)
Harmonization of regulatory approaches in
ASEAN for the essential requirements of
safety of electrical and electronic equipment
supported by international standards and
test method for the verification of its safety
and performance
Mutual recognition arrangements for
acceptance and recognition of test reports
and certification of listed and approved
conformity assessment bodies
Electrical and electronic equipment
Single regulatory requirement for cosmetic
products manufactured and/or placed in
ASEAN
ASEAN Harmonized Cosmetic Regulatory
Scheme signed on 2 September 2003 and
entered into force on 1 January 2008
Self-declaration of conformity by
manufacturers on safety and quality of
cosmetic products
Reduction of administrative bureaucracy at
the regulatory level when placing cosmetics
products in ASEAN
Cosmetic products
what has been achieved (2)
Fre
e
Flo
w
of
Go
ods
Trade
Facilit
ation:
TBT
(3)
Liberalization undertaken through
the ASEAN Framework Agreement
on Services (AFAS) and objective is
to eliminate substantially
restrictions to trade in services
among Member States
Member States will liberalize trade
in services by expanding the depth
and scope of liberalization beyond
those undertaken under the GATS
(WTO) with the aim of realizing a
free trade area in services
Open Services: 4 modes of delivery
– consumption through import,
through export, establish
commercial presence (investment),
and movement of natural persons
Fre
e
Flo
w
of
Ser
vic
es
Targets and timelines under
the AEC Blueprint
Fre
e
Flo
w
of
Ser
vic
es
Adoption of international best practices in
investment
An improved Investment Agreement –
the ASEAN Comprehensive Investment
Agreement - ACIA (2009)
Objective: to enhance ASEAN’s
competitiveness through achieving a free
and open investment regime by 2015
Activities : ASEAN is creating an
integrated investment region by
harmonizing investment rules and
progressively reducing investment
restrictions through:
Fre
e
Flo
w
of
Inv
est
me
nt
Covers the 4 pillars of liberalisation,
protection, facilitation and promotion
Liberalization - adoption of a single negative
list – all sectors considered open unless
listed in the reservation lists
Progressive liberalization of restrictions by
2015
Modalities for reduction/elimination currently
being developed
ASEAN-based investors enjoy the benefits
of non-discriminatory treatment (unless
stated in the reservations)
ASEAN Comprehensive
Investment Agreement (ACIA)
Fre
e
Flo
w
of
Inv
est
me
nt
3. Kerjasama ASEAN
Dalam Pariwisata
VISIT ASEAN CAMPAIGN is ASEAN’s
regional marketing tool
ASEAN TOURISM INVESTMENT FORUM
organized to promote tourism
investment opportunities in the region;
in 2010, this Forum is expected to
promote the establishment of the
ASEAN Tourism Investment Corridor
Development
Enhancing CRUISE TOURISM by
improving sea connectivity
ASEAN TOURISM STANDARDS is
designed to ensure the quality of
tourism services delivery
MUTUAL RECOGNITION ARRANGEMENT
for tourism human resources aims to
facilitate the movement and use of
skilled labor available in ASEAN Member
States and to promote tourism within
the region
To
uri
sm
(1)
Develop and promote ASEAN as a
single tourist destination
Create favorable conditions for
public-private sector engagement
in tourism development, intraASEAN travel and investment in
tourism services and facilities
Substantially reduce restrictions to trade
in tourism and travel services
Establish an integrated network of
tourism and travel services to take
advantage of the complementary nature
of the region’s tourist attractions
ULTIMATE GOAL OF ASEAN COOPERATION
IN TOURISM: fully integrate the tourism
sector across ASEAN Member States
through liberalization, facilitation and
promotion measures
To
uri
sm
(2)
INTEGRASI DI SEKTOR PARIWISATA
Integrasi di sektor pariwisata selain mengacu pada kesepakatan di bidang jasa,
juga mengacu pada ASEAN Tourism Agreement (ATA) yang disepakati Menteri
Menteri Pariwisata ASEAN di Pnom Penh, 4 Nopember 2002.
ASEAN Tourism Agreement dijadikan acuan dalam pengembangan pariwisata
ASEAN melalui ASEAN Tourism Ministerial Meetings (AMM), ASEAN National
Tourism Organizations (NTOs) Meetings, dan
ASEAN Tourism Working Group (ATWG) Meetings.
ASEAN ECONOMIC COMMUNITY
( AEC ) 2015
Free Flow of
Goods
Free Flow of
SERVICES
Free Flow of
Investment
Free Flow of
Capital
Free Flow of
Skilled Labor
AFAS
AFAS (ASEAN
(ASEAN Framework
Framework Agreement
Agreement on
on Service)Transportation,
Service)Transportation, Heatlh,
Heatlh, E-ASEAN
E-ASEAN ,, TOURISM
Mode 1
Cross-border
supply
Mode 2
Consumption
Abroad
Mode 3
Commercial
Presence
Mode 4
Movement of Individual Service/Movement of
Natural Person
ASEAN
ASEAN MRA
MRA
TOURISM
TOURISM PROFESSIONAL
PROFESSIONAL
CERTIFICATION
CERTIFICATION
COMPETENCY
COMPETENCY STANDARD
STANDARD
HOTEL
HOTEL
Service
Service
Tour
Tour &
& Travel
Travel
Service
Service
No
32 JOB TITLES YANG DISEPAKATI DALAM
MUTUAL RECOGNITION AGREEMENT (MRA)
DALAM MASYARAKAT EKONOMI ASEAN
Jenis Pekerjaan
No Jenis (MEA)
Pekerjaan
No Jenis Pekerjaan
FRONT OFFICE
FOOD PRODUCTION
23.
1.
FO Manager
12.
Demi Chef
TRAVEL AGENCIES
2.
FO Supervisor
13.
Commis Chef
24.
General Manager
3.
Receptionist
14.
Chef de Partie
25
Assisstant General
Manager
4.
Telephone Operator
15.
Commis Pastry
26.
Senior Travel Consultant
5.
Bell Boy
16.
Baker
27
Travel Consultant
FOOD AND BEVERAGE
17.
Butcher
TOUR OPERATION
6.
F & B Director
HOUSE KEEPING
28
Product Manager
7.
F & B Outlet Manager
18.
Executive
Housekeeper
29
Sales and Marketing Manager
8.
Head Waiter
19.
Laundry Manager
30
Credit Manager
9.
Bartender
20.
Floor Supervisor
31
Ticketing Manager
10.
Waiter
21.
Laundry Attendant
32
Tour Manager
11.
Executive Chef
22.
Room Attendant
25
Public Area Cleaner
ASEA
N
ASEAN Common Visa Plan
ASEAN Tourism Strategic Plan / ATSP
2011-2015:
1.
Enhance
and
accelerate
travel
facilitation and ASEAN connectivity :
Advocate for a Single Visa for the
ASEAN Region
Work with Other ASEAN Bodies to
Expand Connectivity through Air,
Water,
Rail
and
Ground
Transportation
2.
Pada 19th ASEAN Summit, di Bali
(2011) disepakati untuk mengkaji
pelaksanaan ASEAN common visa
secara komprehensif, dengan time
line-nya
ASEA
N
Contoh Common Visa yang sudah
Berlaku di ASEAN
- ACMECS Single Visa (ASV): a common visa
bagi 5 negara: Cambodia, Lao PDR,
Myanmar, Thailand dan Vietnam. Tapi
sampai saat ini baru dua negara yang
sepakat melaksanakan, yaitu Cambodia dan
Thailand (sejak 27 Desember 2012)
ASEA
N
ASEAN as a single destination
Visit
ASEAN@50
Komitmen Indonesia Pada ASEAN
Framework Agreement on Services
(AFAS)
Kesepakatan AFAS terakhir telah mencapai kesepakatan yang bernama AFAS 8th
Package, yang mencakup :
1.BUSINESS SERVICES
2.COMMUNICATIONS SERVICES
3.CONSTRUCTION AND RELATED ENGINEERING SERVICES
4.DISTRIBUTION SERVICES
5.EDUCATION SERVICES
6.ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES
7.HEALTHCARE SERVICES
8.TOURISM AND TRAVEL RELATED SERVICES
9.TRANSPORT SERVICES
10.
RECREATIONAL, CULTURAL AND SPORTING SERVICES (OTHER THAN
AUDIO VISUAL SERVICES)
11.
OTHER SERVICES N.E.C
12.
ENERGY SERVICES
ASEA
N
Kepemilikan Investasi Asing
Sektor Pariwisata
NO
SEKTOR
KETERANGAN
1
Hotel Bintang 3-5
70% kepemilikan Asing, 100% kepemilikan Asing di
Indonesia Bagian Timur, Kalimantan, NTT,
Bengkulu, Jambi, dan Sulawesi.
2
Hotel Bintang 1-2
70% di Indonesia Timur, wilayah lain tertutup
untuk kepemilikan asing.
3
Beverage Service
49% Indonesia Timur
4
Beverage service with
Entertaiment
51% Indonesia Timur
5
Jasa Konsultansi Pariwisata
Maksimal 70%
6
Operator Hotel
Internasional
Maksimal 70%
7
Jasa Olahraga dan
Rekreasi Lainnya
Lapangan Golf dan Fasilitas Lainnya 100% di
Indonesia Timur, Kalimantan, Bengkulu, Jambi,
Sulawesi, NTT, Lampung, dan Bangka Belitung.
Untuk Area
8
Resort
70% kepemilikan Asing, 100% kepemilikan Asing di
Indonesia Bagian Timur, Kalimantan, NTT,
Bengkulu, Jambi, dan Sulawesi.
ASEA
N
Posisi Indonesia Saat ini
Dalam pengembangan kompetensi SDM pariwisata:
1. Menjelaskan Peraturan Pemerintah no. 52 tahun
2012 tentang Sertifikasi Kompetensi dan Sertifikasi
Usaha di Bidang Pariwisata
2. Menyusun 33 (tigapuluh tiga) standar kompetensi
di bidang pariwisata.
3. Menfasilitasi pelatihan bagi Work Place Assessor
kepada 770 participants di seluruh Indonesia.
4. Memfasilitasi penyusunan Materi Asesmen
Kompetensi bagi 22 SKKNI bidang pariwisata.
5. Memfasilitasi pendirian Lembaga Sertifikasi Profesi
bidang Pariwisata sebanyak 22 calon LSP namun
yang sudah disahkan BNSP baru 12. LSP.
6. Telah berhasil menjadi penggagas disusunnya
standar kompetensi bidang pariwisata di ASEAN
(ACCSTP) dan kurikulumnya (CATC) beserta MRAnya.
4. Peluang dan tantangan
ASEA
N
Perbandingan Daya Saing Pariwisata Indonesia di ASEAN
Daya Saing
Indonesia Unggul
dibandingkan
Negara Filipina dan
Vietnam, dan
Kamboja dengan
keunggulan utama
adalah sumber
daya alam
(peringkat 6)
dan daya saing
harga (peringkat
9)
Sumber: World Economic Forum (WEF)
Daya Saing Kepariwisataan
Indonesia
2013
2011
Membaik
dari
peringkat
ke-74 (dari
139
negara) pa
da tahun
2011
menjadi
peringkat
ke-70 (dari
140 negara)
pada tahun
2013.
PETA PANGSA INBOUND DI 6 NEGARA ASEAN DARI 11
NEGARA SASARAN UTAMA
Korsel
China
Malaysia
Malaysia
Singapura
Singapura
Malaysia
Singapura
menguasai
pangsa inbound
di Malaysia
begitu pula
sebaliknya,
Malaysia
menguasai
pangsa inbound
Singapura.
Komposisi
Inbound
Thailand,
Indonesia, dan
Vietnam lebih
beragam
dibandingkan
komposisi
inbound
Singapura dan
Malaysia.
Sumber: Euromonitor International, 2011
35
Posisi Daya Saing Pariwisata Indonesia di ASEAN
PERINGKAT DAYA SAING PARIWISATA ASEAN 2009 - 2013
2009
2011
2013
Rank/133
Rank/139
Rank/140
Singapore
Malaysia
Thailand
Brunei
Darussalam
10
32
39
10
10
35
34
41
43
69
67
72
Indonesia
81
74
70
Philippines
Vietnam
Cambodia
Laos
Myanmar
86
89
108
-
94
82
80
80
109
106
Country/
Economy
Sumber : World Economic Forum, 2009 - 2013
SOUTHEAST ASIA TRAVEL & TOURISM
2012
Change per
year
2023
(2013-2023)
GDP
USD256
billion
+5.8%
USD480
billion
JOBS
25.5 million
+2.6%
34.7 million
INVESTME
NTS
7.3% of
total
+6.5%
8.1% of
total
EXPORTS
6.3% of
total
+7.1%
6.0% of
total
Southeast Asia Region− Visitor Arrivals 2008-2018
Source: PATA, 2014
AREAS OF OPPORTUNITY OF VISA
FACILITATION
Improve the delivery of information
Facilitate current processes
Provide differentiated treatment for key market segments
Implement eVisa programmes
Establish regional agreements
Source: WTTC, 2014
ASEAN International Tourism Receipts
Visa facilitation policies
would bring between 6
and 10 million additional
tourists by 2016.
The additional tourists
would generate US$ 7
billion and US$ 12 billion
in receipts
Source: WTTC, 2014
ASEAN Direct Travel & Tourism Employment
The additional receipts
would create between
187,000 and 367,000
direct industry jobs by
2016
Total job creation could
reach between 330,000
and 654,000 jobs by
2016
Source: WTTC, 2014
Tantangan
ASEA
N
• Pemerataan kompetensi dan sertifikasi untuk 34 Provinsi
terutama untuk Indonesia Bagian Timur.
• Penerapan Standar Usaha dalam rangka standardisasi kualitas
produk pelayanan usaha pariwisata untuk bersaing di AEC
2015.
• Ketersediaan Lahan yang clear dan Infrastruktur pendukung
(Akses, Energy, Air Bersih) dalam kaitannya dengan pelayanan
investasi di bidang pariwisata.
• Kesiapan Masyarakat Lokal khususnya di desa-desa wisata
dalam kaitannya dengan pelayanan wisatawan, bahasa asing,
dan kompetensi lainnya.
• Masih rendahnya apresiasi industri terhadap sertifikasi
kompetensi tenaga kerja
Peluang
ASEA
N
• Kesempatan bekerja terbuka lebar untuk mereka yang kompeten
(bersertifikat) ke negara-negara ASEAN.
• Kesempatan berinvestasi dan menarik investor ke dan dari negara
anggota ASEAN lainnya.
• Meningkatnya persaingan bisnis akan meningkatkan kualitas produk
dan pelayanan usaha pariwisata.
• Skala Perekonomian secara makro akan tumbuh dengan pesat,
karena adanya perluasan scope dari nasional ke regional.
• Dalam sertifikasi kompetensi tenaga kerja, Indonesia memimpin, dan
sebagian besar (80%) standar kompetensi adalah berasal dari
usulan Indonesia
ASEA
N
Terima
Om shanti
shanti shanti,
Kasih
Om