UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH SURAKARTAFAKULTAS KEGURUAN DAN ILMU PENDIDIKAN CLASS SHIFTS OF NOUNS IN TRANSLATION WORKS DONE BY TRANSLATORS IN SURAKARTA.
UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH SURAKARTA
FAKULTAS KEGURUAN DAN ILMU PENDIDIKAN
Jl. A. Yani Tromol Pos I– Pabelan Kartasura Telp. (0271)717417 fax: 715448
Surakarta 57102
BERITA ACARA BIMBINGAN SKRIPSI
Pada hari ini : Berdasarkan Surat Keputusan Dekan Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas
Muhammadiyah Surakarta Perihal Penunjukan Dosen Pembimbing Utama dan Dosen Pembimbing
Pembantu.
1. Nama
: Dra. Dwi Haryanti, M. Hum
Pangkat/Gol
: Lektor Kepala / IVa
Jabatan
: Pembimbing Utama
2. Nama
: Drs. Anam Sutopo, M.Hum
Pangkat/Gol
: Asisten Ahli/ IIIa
Jabatan
: Pembimbing Pembantu
Dengan ini menyatakan bahwa mahasiswa tersebut dibawah ini sedang dalam proses pembimbingan
skripsi.
Nama
: RISQI JATI UTOMO
NIM/ NIRM
: A.320.020.053
Jur / Progdi
: FKIP/BAHASA INGGRIS
Judul Skripsi
: CLASS SHIFTS OF NOUNS IN TRANSLATION WORKS DONE BY
TRANSLATORS IN SURAKARTA.
NO TAHAPAN
TANGGAL
KETERANGAN
1
Penunjukan Dosen Pembimbing
5 Oktober 2006
2
Proposal
10 Oktober 2006
3
Rencana Penelitian
20 Oktober 2006
4
Kerangka Penelitian
01 November 2006
5
Pengumpilan Data
10 November 2006
6
Analisis Data
10 Desember 2006
7
Penyusunan/Penulisan Skripsi
20 Desember 2006
Demikian Berita Acara Bimbingan Skripsi ini dibuat untuk diketahui dan dipergunakan seperlunya oleh
pihak yang berkepentingan.
Pembimbing Utama
Pembimbing Pembantu
Dra. Dwi Haryanti, M. Hum
NIK. 477
Drs. Anam Sutopo, M.Hum
NIK. 849
Mengetahui
a.n. Dekan,
Ketua Jurusan
Koesoemo ratih, S.Pd., M.Hum
NIK. 765
DEDICATION
This research paper is dedicated to:
1. Allah SWT, for his blessing.
2. My beloved Mom and my Father
3. My wonderful and cute sister
4. My dearest sweetheart, Linda
5. My almamater
v
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Bismillahirrahmaanirrahim
Praise to almighty God, Allah SWT, the Rabb of Universe. The researcher finally
finishes his research paper as one of requirements for getting bachelor degree at English
Department in Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta. The first and the most important
thing, he would like to thank to Allah SWT, for his blessing and protecting him, because
without all of those, he is nothing. Second, he would to thank prophet Muhammad SAW
who had broken the darkness (jahiliyah) period to the recent world. He would also like to
thank for everyone who deserves to receive this and it becomes on honor for her and
receiving his or her love and help:
1. Drs. Sofyan Anif, M.Si, as Dean of School of Teacher Training and Education
Muhamadiyah University of Surakarta.
2. Koesoema Ratih, S.Pd, M.Hum, as the Head of English Department.
3. Dra. Dwi Haryanti, M.Hum, as the first consultant who has given the researcher, the
helpful advice, suggestion and correction to the research paper completion.
4. Anam Sutopo, SPd, M.Hum, as the second consultant who has given the researcher
guidance, suggestion and correction wisely.
5. All lecturers of English Depatment for their guidance during the study at this
university.
6. My lovely Mom and Dad, for love, pray, guidance, guidance and also material and
spiritual support.
7. My beloved little sister, Winda Dwi Wijayanti for love and care.
8. Bpk. Mungky and Bu. Mungky for their support and pray.
vi
9. Linda as my dearest sweetheart and my soul mate, I miss you.
10. My wonderful friends, Vika, Dian, Yuni, Marwanta, Anang, Andank, Icus, Tommy,
Eko “kodok”, Bowie, Arum, Yuyun, and Mas Lardi, for their precious friendship and
all the members of Class A 2002.
11. My best friend Kang Rudi, thank for your support, guidance and help.
12. All of people that cannot be mentioned here one by one, thanks for everything.
Finally, the researcher knows that this research paper is still far from being
perfect, any constructive suggestion, advice or critics will be accepted warmly.
Alhamdulillahirabbil ‘alamiin
Surakarta, … February 2007
Risqi Jati Utomo
vii
TABLE OF CONTENT
TITLE
APPROVAL …………………………………………………………………….. ii
ACCEPTENCE …………………………………………………………………. iii
MOTTO …………………………………………………………………………. iv
DEDICATION …………………………………………………………………... v
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ………………………………………………………. vi
TABLE OF CONTENT…………………………………………………………. viii
SUMMARY………………………………………………………………………. xi
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
.A
Background of the Study ……………………………………….....
1
.B
Previous Study …………………………………………………….
3
.C
Problems of the Study …………………………………………….
6
.D
Objective of the Study …………………………………………….
6
.E
Limitation of the Problem …………………………………………
6
.F
The Benefit of the Study ………………………………………….7
viii
.G
Research Paper Organization ……………………………………..
7
CHAPTER II UNDERLYING THEORY
A.
B.
Translation ………………………………………………………… 9
1. The Notion of Translation…………………………….………..
9
2. The Process of Translation ……………………………………
10
3. The Types of translation …………………………….…………
12
4. The Problems of Translation ……………………………..……
16
5. Translation Shifts………….……………………………………
17
6. Equivalence in Translation ……………………………………
20
English Part of Speech …………………………………………….
24
1. Notion of Noun …………………………………………..…… 24
2. The Noun Formation ………………………………………….. 30
C.
Indonesian Part of Speech
1. Nouns …………………………………………………..…… 31
2. Verbs………………………………………………………… 32
3. Adjectives …………………………………………………… 33
4. Adverbs ……………………………………………………… 34
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD
A.
Type of Research ………………………………………………….
36
ix
B.
Data and Data Source ……………………………………………...
36
1. Document ……………………………………………………..
36
2. Informant ………………………………………………………
37
3. Technique of Analyzing Data ………………………………… 38
C.
Technique of Collecting Data ……………………………………..
37
D.
Technique of Analyzing Data …………………………………..…
38
CHAPTER IV DATA ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION
A.
Data Analysis
1. The translation shifts of translator ……………
……………… 39
a. Class shifts of nouns are translated into verbs ……..………. 41
b. Class shifts of nouns are translated into adjectives. ….……. 42
c. Class shifts of nouns are translated into nouns. …………… 44
d. Class shifts of nouns are deleted. ………………………….. 49
e. Class shifts of nouns are adapted ………………………….. 50
f. Class shifts of nouns are translated into noun phrase ……… 51
2. The Equivalence and Non Equivalence found in the result of
Translation done by Translators in Surakarta …………………. 54
a. Equivalence sentence in translation ……………………….. 54
1) Equivalence sentence in translation done by the first
translator …………….…………………….................... 54
x
2) Equivalence sentence in translation done by the second translator
……………………….……………………... 55
3) Equivalence sentence in translation done by the third
translator ……………………….………………………
57
4) Equivalence sentence in translation done by the forth
translator ……………………….………………………
59
5) Equivalence sentence in translation done by the fifth
translator ……………………….………………………
60
b. Non equivalence sentence in translation ………………….. 60
1) Non equivalence sentence in translation done by the
first translator ……………………….…………………
60
2) Non equivalence sentence in translation done by the
second translator ………………………………………
63
3) Non equivalence sentence in translation done by the
third translator ………………….………………………
64
4) Non equivalence sentence in translation done by the
forth translator …………………………………………
66
5) Non equivalence sentence in translation done by the
fifth translator …………………………………………
B.
Discussion ……………………….…………………………………
71
CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
xi
69
A.
Conclusion …………………….…………………………………..
74
B.
Suggestion ……………………….………………………………..
75
BIBLIOGRAPHY
APPENDIX
xii
SUMMARY
RISQI JATI UTOMO, A 320 020 053, CLASS SHIFTS OF NOUNS IN
TRANSLATION WORKS DONE BY TRANSLATORS IN SURAKARTA.
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta, Research Paper. 2007
The type of the research is descriptive qualitative study especially about a
case study, the method of collecting data are interview, observation, and
documentation. The objectives of this research are to classify the class shifts of
nouns and to describe the equivalence and non equivalence of the translation in
translation works done by translators in Surakarta.
The documents are the five translations texts. Each text consists of 7
sentences, 165 data belong to translation shifts and 35 data belong to equivalence
and non equivalence sentence.
Also, the writer finds the equivalence sentences and non equivalence
sentence in translation.Here the writer just takes five translators in Surakarta
randomly to obtain the data about the translators in Surakarta.
The writer concludes that the educational background and experience of
the translator can influence their result. The first translator has translated 7
sentences in the text; the writer finds 7 sentences or 100% which belong to non
equivalence in translation. The second translator translate 7 sentences in the text,
consist of 6 equivalence sentences or 85, 7 % belong to equivalence sentence, and 1
sentence or 14, 28% from data that belongs to non equivalence sentence in
translation. The third translator has translated 7 data, containing of 4 sentences or
57, 14% and 3 sentences or 42, 9% which belong to non equivalence in translation.
The forth translator translates 7 sentences in the text the writer finds 0 sentence or
100% which belongs to non equivalence in translation. The forth translator
translates 7 sentences and finds 7 sentences or 100% which belong to non
equivalence in translation. The fifth translator has translated 7 sentences in the text,
the writer does not find equivalence sentence or 100% belongs to non equivalence
sentence.
Finally, it can be said that the message of linguistic units translation of the
translators in Surakarta and its vicinity are not equivalent to the source language yet.
Consultant I
Consultant II
Drs. Anam Sutopo, M. Hum.
NIK. 849
Dra. Dwi Haryanti, M. Hum
NIK. 477
Dean
Drs. H. Sofyan Anif, M. Si.
NIK. 547
xii
FAKULTAS KEGURUAN DAN ILMU PENDIDIKAN
Jl. A. Yani Tromol Pos I– Pabelan Kartasura Telp. (0271)717417 fax: 715448
Surakarta 57102
BERITA ACARA BIMBINGAN SKRIPSI
Pada hari ini : Berdasarkan Surat Keputusan Dekan Fakultas Keguruan dan Ilmu Pendidikan Universitas
Muhammadiyah Surakarta Perihal Penunjukan Dosen Pembimbing Utama dan Dosen Pembimbing
Pembantu.
1. Nama
: Dra. Dwi Haryanti, M. Hum
Pangkat/Gol
: Lektor Kepala / IVa
Jabatan
: Pembimbing Utama
2. Nama
: Drs. Anam Sutopo, M.Hum
Pangkat/Gol
: Asisten Ahli/ IIIa
Jabatan
: Pembimbing Pembantu
Dengan ini menyatakan bahwa mahasiswa tersebut dibawah ini sedang dalam proses pembimbingan
skripsi.
Nama
: RISQI JATI UTOMO
NIM/ NIRM
: A.320.020.053
Jur / Progdi
: FKIP/BAHASA INGGRIS
Judul Skripsi
: CLASS SHIFTS OF NOUNS IN TRANSLATION WORKS DONE BY
TRANSLATORS IN SURAKARTA.
NO TAHAPAN
TANGGAL
KETERANGAN
1
Penunjukan Dosen Pembimbing
5 Oktober 2006
2
Proposal
10 Oktober 2006
3
Rencana Penelitian
20 Oktober 2006
4
Kerangka Penelitian
01 November 2006
5
Pengumpilan Data
10 November 2006
6
Analisis Data
10 Desember 2006
7
Penyusunan/Penulisan Skripsi
20 Desember 2006
Demikian Berita Acara Bimbingan Skripsi ini dibuat untuk diketahui dan dipergunakan seperlunya oleh
pihak yang berkepentingan.
Pembimbing Utama
Pembimbing Pembantu
Dra. Dwi Haryanti, M. Hum
NIK. 477
Drs. Anam Sutopo, M.Hum
NIK. 849
Mengetahui
a.n. Dekan,
Ketua Jurusan
Koesoemo ratih, S.Pd., M.Hum
NIK. 765
DEDICATION
This research paper is dedicated to:
1. Allah SWT, for his blessing.
2. My beloved Mom and my Father
3. My wonderful and cute sister
4. My dearest sweetheart, Linda
5. My almamater
v
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Bismillahirrahmaanirrahim
Praise to almighty God, Allah SWT, the Rabb of Universe. The researcher finally
finishes his research paper as one of requirements for getting bachelor degree at English
Department in Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta. The first and the most important
thing, he would like to thank to Allah SWT, for his blessing and protecting him, because
without all of those, he is nothing. Second, he would to thank prophet Muhammad SAW
who had broken the darkness (jahiliyah) period to the recent world. He would also like to
thank for everyone who deserves to receive this and it becomes on honor for her and
receiving his or her love and help:
1. Drs. Sofyan Anif, M.Si, as Dean of School of Teacher Training and Education
Muhamadiyah University of Surakarta.
2. Koesoema Ratih, S.Pd, M.Hum, as the Head of English Department.
3. Dra. Dwi Haryanti, M.Hum, as the first consultant who has given the researcher, the
helpful advice, suggestion and correction to the research paper completion.
4. Anam Sutopo, SPd, M.Hum, as the second consultant who has given the researcher
guidance, suggestion and correction wisely.
5. All lecturers of English Depatment for their guidance during the study at this
university.
6. My lovely Mom and Dad, for love, pray, guidance, guidance and also material and
spiritual support.
7. My beloved little sister, Winda Dwi Wijayanti for love and care.
8. Bpk. Mungky and Bu. Mungky for their support and pray.
vi
9. Linda as my dearest sweetheart and my soul mate, I miss you.
10. My wonderful friends, Vika, Dian, Yuni, Marwanta, Anang, Andank, Icus, Tommy,
Eko “kodok”, Bowie, Arum, Yuyun, and Mas Lardi, for their precious friendship and
all the members of Class A 2002.
11. My best friend Kang Rudi, thank for your support, guidance and help.
12. All of people that cannot be mentioned here one by one, thanks for everything.
Finally, the researcher knows that this research paper is still far from being
perfect, any constructive suggestion, advice or critics will be accepted warmly.
Alhamdulillahirabbil ‘alamiin
Surakarta, … February 2007
Risqi Jati Utomo
vii
TABLE OF CONTENT
TITLE
APPROVAL …………………………………………………………………….. ii
ACCEPTENCE …………………………………………………………………. iii
MOTTO …………………………………………………………………………. iv
DEDICATION …………………………………………………………………... v
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ………………………………………………………. vi
TABLE OF CONTENT…………………………………………………………. viii
SUMMARY………………………………………………………………………. xi
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
.A
Background of the Study ……………………………………….....
1
.B
Previous Study …………………………………………………….
3
.C
Problems of the Study …………………………………………….
6
.D
Objective of the Study …………………………………………….
6
.E
Limitation of the Problem …………………………………………
6
.F
The Benefit of the Study ………………………………………….7
viii
.G
Research Paper Organization ……………………………………..
7
CHAPTER II UNDERLYING THEORY
A.
B.
Translation ………………………………………………………… 9
1. The Notion of Translation…………………………….………..
9
2. The Process of Translation ……………………………………
10
3. The Types of translation …………………………….…………
12
4. The Problems of Translation ……………………………..……
16
5. Translation Shifts………….……………………………………
17
6. Equivalence in Translation ……………………………………
20
English Part of Speech …………………………………………….
24
1. Notion of Noun …………………………………………..…… 24
2. The Noun Formation ………………………………………….. 30
C.
Indonesian Part of Speech
1. Nouns …………………………………………………..…… 31
2. Verbs………………………………………………………… 32
3. Adjectives …………………………………………………… 33
4. Adverbs ……………………………………………………… 34
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD
A.
Type of Research ………………………………………………….
36
ix
B.
Data and Data Source ……………………………………………...
36
1. Document ……………………………………………………..
36
2. Informant ………………………………………………………
37
3. Technique of Analyzing Data ………………………………… 38
C.
Technique of Collecting Data ……………………………………..
37
D.
Technique of Analyzing Data …………………………………..…
38
CHAPTER IV DATA ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSION
A.
Data Analysis
1. The translation shifts of translator ……………
……………… 39
a. Class shifts of nouns are translated into verbs ……..………. 41
b. Class shifts of nouns are translated into adjectives. ….……. 42
c. Class shifts of nouns are translated into nouns. …………… 44
d. Class shifts of nouns are deleted. ………………………….. 49
e. Class shifts of nouns are adapted ………………………….. 50
f. Class shifts of nouns are translated into noun phrase ……… 51
2. The Equivalence and Non Equivalence found in the result of
Translation done by Translators in Surakarta …………………. 54
a. Equivalence sentence in translation ……………………….. 54
1) Equivalence sentence in translation done by the first
translator …………….…………………….................... 54
x
2) Equivalence sentence in translation done by the second translator
……………………….……………………... 55
3) Equivalence sentence in translation done by the third
translator ……………………….………………………
57
4) Equivalence sentence in translation done by the forth
translator ……………………….………………………
59
5) Equivalence sentence in translation done by the fifth
translator ……………………….………………………
60
b. Non equivalence sentence in translation ………………….. 60
1) Non equivalence sentence in translation done by the
first translator ……………………….…………………
60
2) Non equivalence sentence in translation done by the
second translator ………………………………………
63
3) Non equivalence sentence in translation done by the
third translator ………………….………………………
64
4) Non equivalence sentence in translation done by the
forth translator …………………………………………
66
5) Non equivalence sentence in translation done by the
fifth translator …………………………………………
B.
Discussion ……………………….…………………………………
71
CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
xi
69
A.
Conclusion …………………….…………………………………..
74
B.
Suggestion ……………………….………………………………..
75
BIBLIOGRAPHY
APPENDIX
xii
SUMMARY
RISQI JATI UTOMO, A 320 020 053, CLASS SHIFTS OF NOUNS IN
TRANSLATION WORKS DONE BY TRANSLATORS IN SURAKARTA.
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta, Research Paper. 2007
The type of the research is descriptive qualitative study especially about a
case study, the method of collecting data are interview, observation, and
documentation. The objectives of this research are to classify the class shifts of
nouns and to describe the equivalence and non equivalence of the translation in
translation works done by translators in Surakarta.
The documents are the five translations texts. Each text consists of 7
sentences, 165 data belong to translation shifts and 35 data belong to equivalence
and non equivalence sentence.
Also, the writer finds the equivalence sentences and non equivalence
sentence in translation.Here the writer just takes five translators in Surakarta
randomly to obtain the data about the translators in Surakarta.
The writer concludes that the educational background and experience of
the translator can influence their result. The first translator has translated 7
sentences in the text; the writer finds 7 sentences or 100% which belong to non
equivalence in translation. The second translator translate 7 sentences in the text,
consist of 6 equivalence sentences or 85, 7 % belong to equivalence sentence, and 1
sentence or 14, 28% from data that belongs to non equivalence sentence in
translation. The third translator has translated 7 data, containing of 4 sentences or
57, 14% and 3 sentences or 42, 9% which belong to non equivalence in translation.
The forth translator translates 7 sentences in the text the writer finds 0 sentence or
100% which belongs to non equivalence in translation. The forth translator
translates 7 sentences and finds 7 sentences or 100% which belong to non
equivalence in translation. The fifth translator has translated 7 sentences in the text,
the writer does not find equivalence sentence or 100% belongs to non equivalence
sentence.
Finally, it can be said that the message of linguistic units translation of the
translators in Surakarta and its vicinity are not equivalent to the source language yet.
Consultant I
Consultant II
Drs. Anam Sutopo, M. Hum.
NIK. 849
Dra. Dwi Haryanti, M. Hum
NIK. 477
Dean
Drs. H. Sofyan Anif, M. Si.
NIK. 547
xii