pengukuran dengan jangka sorong dan mikrometer
PENGGUNAAN ALAT UKUR DASAR
I. TUJUAN
1. Mampu menggunakan alat ukur yang digunakan dalam praktikum Fisika.
2. Mengenal besar ketelitian pengukuran dari alat-alat ukur dasar.
3. Mengenal apa yang dimaksud dengan skala nonius.
II. ALAT DAN BAHAN
1. Batangan besi
2. Kelereng
3. Pengaris
4 . Jangka sorong
5. Mikrometer Skrup
III. TEORI RINGKAS
Nonius
Banyak alat ukur dilengkapi dengan nonius. Alat bantu ini membuat alat ukur
berkemampuan lebih besar, karena jarak antara dua garis skala bertetangga seolaholah menjadi lebih kecil. Biasanya pembagiuan skala utama dan nonius adalah :
9 bagian skala ukur – 10 bagian skala nonius
Selanjutnya marilah kita lihat hasil pengukuran lain dengan alat bantu nonius
tersebut seperti yang ditunjukkan pad gambar. Skala 0 pada nonius tidak berimpit
dengan salah satu angka pada skala alat ukur, melainkan terletak antara kedudukan
8.4 dan 8.5. Dalam pengukuran ini kita yakin bahwa harga X yang diukur adalah lebih
besar dari 8.4 tetapi lebih kecil dari 8.5. Berapakah harga X emnurut hasil
pembacaan ini ? Cobalah anda perhatikan Gambar 2 lebih teliti lagi. Ternyata salah
satu garis skala nonius yang berimpit dengan skala alat ukur yaitu skala ke-6 dari
skala nonius. Dalam keadaan pengukuran semacam ini menunjukkan bahwa harga X
yang diukur adalah 8.46.
2. Jangka Sorong
1. Jangka sorong merupakan suatu alat pengukuran yang cepat dan relatif teliti
untuk mengukur diameter dalam, luar dan dalam suatu tabung, yang memiliki bentuk
seperti gambar 1 di bawah ini.
Gambar 1. Jangka Sorong
3. Mikrometer Sekrup
Mikrometer Sekrup dipergunakan untuk mengukur panjang benda yang
memiliki ukuran maksimum 2,50 cm, dan bentuk mikrometer sekrup ditunjukkan
pada gambar 2. Alat ukur ini mempunyai batang pengukur yang terdiri atas skala
dalam milimeter, dan juga sekrup berskala satu putaran sekrup besarnya sama
dengan 0.5 mm dan 0.5 mm pada skala utama dibagi menjadi 100 skala kecil yang
terdapat pada sekrup.
Gambar 2. Mikrometer Sekrup
IV.
PROSEDUR PERCOBAAN
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................
V. Data Percobaan dan Perhitungan
a. Jangka Sorong
N
o
1
X
X2
a. Mikrometer Sekrup
_
x
X Xo X
N
o
1
2
2
3
3
4
4
5
5
X
X2
_
x
X Xo X
VI. Kesimpulan
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................
I. TUJUAN
1. Mampu menggunakan alat ukur yang digunakan dalam praktikum Fisika.
2. Mengenal besar ketelitian pengukuran dari alat-alat ukur dasar.
3. Mengenal apa yang dimaksud dengan skala nonius.
II. ALAT DAN BAHAN
1. Batangan besi
2. Kelereng
3. Pengaris
4 . Jangka sorong
5. Mikrometer Skrup
III. TEORI RINGKAS
Nonius
Banyak alat ukur dilengkapi dengan nonius. Alat bantu ini membuat alat ukur
berkemampuan lebih besar, karena jarak antara dua garis skala bertetangga seolaholah menjadi lebih kecil. Biasanya pembagiuan skala utama dan nonius adalah :
9 bagian skala ukur – 10 bagian skala nonius
Selanjutnya marilah kita lihat hasil pengukuran lain dengan alat bantu nonius
tersebut seperti yang ditunjukkan pad gambar. Skala 0 pada nonius tidak berimpit
dengan salah satu angka pada skala alat ukur, melainkan terletak antara kedudukan
8.4 dan 8.5. Dalam pengukuran ini kita yakin bahwa harga X yang diukur adalah lebih
besar dari 8.4 tetapi lebih kecil dari 8.5. Berapakah harga X emnurut hasil
pembacaan ini ? Cobalah anda perhatikan Gambar 2 lebih teliti lagi. Ternyata salah
satu garis skala nonius yang berimpit dengan skala alat ukur yaitu skala ke-6 dari
skala nonius. Dalam keadaan pengukuran semacam ini menunjukkan bahwa harga X
yang diukur adalah 8.46.
2. Jangka Sorong
1. Jangka sorong merupakan suatu alat pengukuran yang cepat dan relatif teliti
untuk mengukur diameter dalam, luar dan dalam suatu tabung, yang memiliki bentuk
seperti gambar 1 di bawah ini.
Gambar 1. Jangka Sorong
3. Mikrometer Sekrup
Mikrometer Sekrup dipergunakan untuk mengukur panjang benda yang
memiliki ukuran maksimum 2,50 cm, dan bentuk mikrometer sekrup ditunjukkan
pada gambar 2. Alat ukur ini mempunyai batang pengukur yang terdiri atas skala
dalam milimeter, dan juga sekrup berskala satu putaran sekrup besarnya sama
dengan 0.5 mm dan 0.5 mm pada skala utama dibagi menjadi 100 skala kecil yang
terdapat pada sekrup.
Gambar 2. Mikrometer Sekrup
IV.
PROSEDUR PERCOBAAN
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................
V. Data Percobaan dan Perhitungan
a. Jangka Sorong
N
o
1
X
X2
a. Mikrometer Sekrup
_
x
X Xo X
N
o
1
2
2
3
3
4
4
5
5
X
X2
_
x
X Xo X
VI. Kesimpulan
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
.............................................................................................................................................................................................