PHYSICAL ACTIVITY HAS NO RELATION WITH ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION AMONG DIABETES MELLITUS TYPE II PATIENTS IN SANGLAH GENERAL HOSPITAL DENPASAR.
Physical Activity has no Relation with Erectile Dysfunction among
Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Patients in Sanglah General Hospital Denpasar
Ni Luh Putu Nurindah Sukmawati1, Made Ratna Saraswati2
Faculty of Medicine Udayana University1,2
ABSTRACT
This research is aimed to assess whether patients with diabetes type 2 with regular
physical activity has lower risk of erectile dysfunction compared to patients who are
physically inactive. This research is an analytical cross sectional study takes place in
Diabetic Centre, Sanglah General Hospital Denpasar. Subjects are male outpatient suffered
from DM type II in Diabetic Centre RSUP Sanglah Denpasar, that comes to Diabetic
Centre RSUP Sanglah during weekdays (20 November 2013-7 December 2013 , Male,
Age >18 year old, married/sexually active. International Index of Erectile Dysfunction
(IIEF) score and International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) level of activity
recorded directly from patients via interview. From 34 patients observed 21 person
categorized as low erectile function and the rest is normal. In MET category 17 patients is
considered as having moderate physical activity in total 32 respondents. There are 32
(94.1%) valid cases with 2 cases missing. Chi square test value is 3.7 with p value 0.055
and α=0.05. Calculated CI (95%(RR)) is 0.6 until 2.5. Therefore, the range interval of
confidence interval is including 1. This research concluded that physical activity has a
possibility being either risk or protective factor against erectile dysfunction in DMT II
patients in this population.
Keyword : physical activity, diabetes mellitus type 2, erectile dysfunction, RSUP Sanglah.
BACKGROUND
men of the same age.1 The Massachusetts
Erectile dysfunction (ED) is one of the
Male
most neglected complications of Diabetes
longitudinal, epidemiological study of
Mellitus Type 2 (DMT2), that causing
1290 men age 40 to 70 years, found the
patients had an unhealthy psychosocial
mean probability of some degree of ED
condition. Even though there are another
was 52%. For men with diabetes, the age
life threatening complication of DMT2,
adjusted prevalence of complete ED was
ED is still worth mentioning because of
28% vs. 9.6% among the general
its impact on patient’s quality of life.
population.2
Studies
Some research is done regarding ED
populations
also
prevalence worldwide. In men with
frequencies
DMT2, ED is more frequent than other
Aging
Study
of
(MMAS),
a
in
different
have
reported
erectile
ranging from 20% to 90%.
3
dysfunction
The prevalence of erectile dysfunction
dysfunction and low level of physical
increases with age, duration and severity
activity. Level of physical activity may
of diabetes.3 ED is found among 50% of
also
patients within 10 years of diagnosis of
counting Metabolic Equivalent (MET)
diabetes; in as many as 12%, ED is the
values and qualitatively grouping them
presenting symptom. ED onset occurs 10
into categories.
to 15 years earlier in men with diabetes
Data is collected by asking the patient
compared with the general population .4
directly and also recording other data
Age
and
duration
of
diabetes
be
measured
quantitatively by
is
such as age, Hba1C, duration of diabetes.
theoretically unavoidable factors which
This study take place and date in Diabetic
correlates positively with ED. Recently,
Centre of RSUP Sanglah Denpasar
physical activity proves its power in
between 20 November 2013-7 December
reducing insulin resistance and thus may
2013.
have some role in delaying complication
patients suffered from DM type 2.
in patients with DMT2. Since ED is one
Accessible population are Male outpatient
complication of
suffered from DM type II in Diabetic
DMT2, it is a worth
Targeted population are male
trying to analyze the possible protective
Centre
effect of physical activity in delaying or
Samples were collected consecutively
minimizing ED in men with DMT2.
from population sample DM Type II
RSUP
Sanglah
Denpasar.
patient. Inclusion criteria’s include patient
METHODS
Diabetes Mellitus Type II that comes to
This study is a analytical cross sectional
Diabetic Centre RSUP Sanglah during
study that analyze the relation between
weekdays (20 November -7 December
erectile dysfunction and level of physical
2013 , Male, Age >18 year old,
activity. Erectile dysfunction is measured
married/sexually
by
Erectile
criteria’s are Female, Age >70 year old.
Dysfunction (IIEF) questionnaire and
From the counting, minimal sample
level of physical activity is measured by
required is 27 patients suffered from
short form International Physical Activity
Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 in RSUP
Questionnaire (IPAQ). Lower score of
Sanglah. There are also some additional
IIEF and IPAQ both showing erectile
samples required to avoid unwanted
International
Index
of
active.
Exclusion
selection of patient so that total minimal
on at least 3 days and accumulating at
samples required is 30 samples. Data is
least 1500 MET-minutes/week (2). 7 or
collected from patient’s Medical Record
more days of any combination of
and questionnaire is asked to the patients
walking, moderate- or vigorous-intensity
itself in waiting room Diabetic Centre.
activities accumulating at least 3000 MET
Independent variable is physical activity,
minutes/week the score is based on
dependent variable is erectile dysfunction,
International
and confounding variable are duration of
Questionnaire (IPAQ). Data Analysis is
diabetes, age, and marital status.
done by using SPSS program 16.0. Chi
Patients with IIEF scores (
Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Patients in Sanglah General Hospital Denpasar
Ni Luh Putu Nurindah Sukmawati1, Made Ratna Saraswati2
Faculty of Medicine Udayana University1,2
ABSTRACT
This research is aimed to assess whether patients with diabetes type 2 with regular
physical activity has lower risk of erectile dysfunction compared to patients who are
physically inactive. This research is an analytical cross sectional study takes place in
Diabetic Centre, Sanglah General Hospital Denpasar. Subjects are male outpatient suffered
from DM type II in Diabetic Centre RSUP Sanglah Denpasar, that comes to Diabetic
Centre RSUP Sanglah during weekdays (20 November 2013-7 December 2013 , Male,
Age >18 year old, married/sexually active. International Index of Erectile Dysfunction
(IIEF) score and International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) level of activity
recorded directly from patients via interview. From 34 patients observed 21 person
categorized as low erectile function and the rest is normal. In MET category 17 patients is
considered as having moderate physical activity in total 32 respondents. There are 32
(94.1%) valid cases with 2 cases missing. Chi square test value is 3.7 with p value 0.055
and α=0.05. Calculated CI (95%(RR)) is 0.6 until 2.5. Therefore, the range interval of
confidence interval is including 1. This research concluded that physical activity has a
possibility being either risk or protective factor against erectile dysfunction in DMT II
patients in this population.
Keyword : physical activity, diabetes mellitus type 2, erectile dysfunction, RSUP Sanglah.
BACKGROUND
men of the same age.1 The Massachusetts
Erectile dysfunction (ED) is one of the
Male
most neglected complications of Diabetes
longitudinal, epidemiological study of
Mellitus Type 2 (DMT2), that causing
1290 men age 40 to 70 years, found the
patients had an unhealthy psychosocial
mean probability of some degree of ED
condition. Even though there are another
was 52%. For men with diabetes, the age
life threatening complication of DMT2,
adjusted prevalence of complete ED was
ED is still worth mentioning because of
28% vs. 9.6% among the general
its impact on patient’s quality of life.
population.2
Studies
Some research is done regarding ED
populations
also
prevalence worldwide. In men with
frequencies
DMT2, ED is more frequent than other
Aging
Study
of
(MMAS),
a
in
different
have
reported
erectile
ranging from 20% to 90%.
3
dysfunction
The prevalence of erectile dysfunction
dysfunction and low level of physical
increases with age, duration and severity
activity. Level of physical activity may
of diabetes.3 ED is found among 50% of
also
patients within 10 years of diagnosis of
counting Metabolic Equivalent (MET)
diabetes; in as many as 12%, ED is the
values and qualitatively grouping them
presenting symptom. ED onset occurs 10
into categories.
to 15 years earlier in men with diabetes
Data is collected by asking the patient
compared with the general population .4
directly and also recording other data
Age
and
duration
of
diabetes
be
measured
quantitatively by
is
such as age, Hba1C, duration of diabetes.
theoretically unavoidable factors which
This study take place and date in Diabetic
correlates positively with ED. Recently,
Centre of RSUP Sanglah Denpasar
physical activity proves its power in
between 20 November 2013-7 December
reducing insulin resistance and thus may
2013.
have some role in delaying complication
patients suffered from DM type 2.
in patients with DMT2. Since ED is one
Accessible population are Male outpatient
complication of
suffered from DM type II in Diabetic
DMT2, it is a worth
Targeted population are male
trying to analyze the possible protective
Centre
effect of physical activity in delaying or
Samples were collected consecutively
minimizing ED in men with DMT2.
from population sample DM Type II
RSUP
Sanglah
Denpasar.
patient. Inclusion criteria’s include patient
METHODS
Diabetes Mellitus Type II that comes to
This study is a analytical cross sectional
Diabetic Centre RSUP Sanglah during
study that analyze the relation between
weekdays (20 November -7 December
erectile dysfunction and level of physical
2013 , Male, Age >18 year old,
activity. Erectile dysfunction is measured
married/sexually
by
Erectile
criteria’s are Female, Age >70 year old.
Dysfunction (IIEF) questionnaire and
From the counting, minimal sample
level of physical activity is measured by
required is 27 patients suffered from
short form International Physical Activity
Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 in RSUP
Questionnaire (IPAQ). Lower score of
Sanglah. There are also some additional
IIEF and IPAQ both showing erectile
samples required to avoid unwanted
International
Index
of
active.
Exclusion
selection of patient so that total minimal
on at least 3 days and accumulating at
samples required is 30 samples. Data is
least 1500 MET-minutes/week (2). 7 or
collected from patient’s Medical Record
more days of any combination of
and questionnaire is asked to the patients
walking, moderate- or vigorous-intensity
itself in waiting room Diabetic Centre.
activities accumulating at least 3000 MET
Independent variable is physical activity,
minutes/week the score is based on
dependent variable is erectile dysfunction,
International
and confounding variable are duration of
Questionnaire (IPAQ). Data Analysis is
diabetes, age, and marital status.
done by using SPSS program 16.0. Chi
Patients with IIEF scores (