AN ANALYSIS OF CODE MIXING USED BY THE JURORS OF INDONESIAN IDOL 2012 TV PROGRAM.
AN ANALYSIS OF CODE MIXING USED BY THE JURORS OF
INDONESIAN IDOL 2012 TV PROGRAM
Thesis
Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement
For Degree of Sarjana Humaniora
By :
LYDIA NOUR OCTASWITA
0910733134
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT-FACULTY OF HUMANITIES
ANDALAS UNIVERSITY
PADANG
2013
ABSTRAK
Campur kode adalah fenomena bahasa yang terjadi dalam satu tuturan
komunikasi. Skripsi ini adalah kajian sosiolinguistik tentang peristiwa campur kode
yang terjadi dalam tuturan para juri acara Indonesian Idol 2012 disebuah program
televisi RCTI. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan jenis-jenis campur kode yang
digunakan dan menentukan faktor-faktor sosial yang mempengaruhi penggunaan
campur kode dalam tuturan mereka.
Data penelitian diperoleh dari tuturan juri saat memberi komentar kepada
peserta dalam kompetisi musik Indonesian Idol 2012. Data dikumpulkan
menggunakan metode non-partisipan observasi. Dalam pengambilan data dengan
mengunduh 2 episode video spetakuler Indonesian Idol 2012 di youtube yaitu
spektakuler 1 dan spektakuler 2. Analisis ini menggunakan dua teori yaitu teori
Muysken (2000) yang membahas tentang tipe campur kode dan teori Holmes (1992)
yang menjelaskan faktor-faktor sosial yang mempengaruhi penggunaan campur kode
dalam tuturan juri.
Dari analisis terhadap 30 data, ditemukan bahwa jenis campur kode yang
paling banyak ditemukan dalam analisis ini adalah jenis penyisipan (insertion) sekitar
66,7 % yaitu penyisipan yang terjadi dalam tuturan juri yang paling sering dilakukan
oleh Agnes Monica karena Agnes dalam aktivitas sehari harinya selalu menggunakan
lebih dari satu bahasa. Dari segi faktor-faktor sosial yang paling banyak ditemukan
adalah fungsi dari pembicaraan (function of speech) yaitu sekitar 53,3% yang terjadi
dalam tuturan para juri ketika memberi komentar kepada peserta, yang paling sering
dilakukan oleh Agnes Monica. Agnes adalah artis yang sudah memiliki prestasi bagus
dalam dunia musik International dan dia memiliki kemampuan menggunakan lebih
dari satu bahasa dalam komunikasinya.
Kata kunci: sosiolinguistik, campur kode, jenis campur kode, faktor sosial
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study
Bilingualism or multilingualism is a term which is used to describe situation
where more than one language are used by the community member in a speech
community (Wardaugh, 1986:96). A person who has ability to use more than one
language in their communication is called a ‘bilingual’ or a ‘multilingual’ (Wardaugh,
1986:98). A bilingual person usually chooses a particular code to express his/her
feeling to use in a particular situation. Sometimes she/he mix two languages in
communication and switch from one code to another if the situation requires him to do
so.
Code mixing is different from code switching. Code switching is alternation
take by bilingual speaker in using two languages in one sentence (Gumperz, 1982:59).
Meanwhile, According to Muysken (2000:1) code mixing refers to all case where
lexical item and grammatical features from two languages appear in one sentence.
Here, he argues that code mixing as a language contact phenomenon with lexical
borrowing, interference, and switching. And he also categorizes there are three types
of code mixing: insertion, alternation, and congruent lexicalization.
There are some social factors in code mixing. According to Holmes (1992:5)
social factors are relevant in accounting for the particular various usages. He said that
here are some social factors of code mixing such as, the participant, the setting, the
topic of discussion, and the function of interaction.
The phenomenon of code mixing does not only happen in our everyday life but
also in some TV program like reality show or talk show and music competition. One
interesting television programs is Indonesian Idol 2012, a television reality singing
competition created by Simon Fuller and produced by Fremantle Media Asia. The
jurors in this TV program often mix their Indonesian language to English in
communication.
The following in example of code mixing by the jurors utterance in Indonesian
Idol 2012 TV program in Spektakuler show 1 on April 13th.
Sean (P2) - Firework:
Agnes Monica (U1): Ya... kalau meminjam kata-kata mas Dhani idem (Sean:
makasi kak Agnes) ini lagu, lagu ini cocok banget dengan personality nya
kamu (Sean: makasi kak Agnes)
From the example above, it can be seen the jurors such as Ahmad Dhani,
Agnes Monica, and Anang Hermansyah give a comment to Sean. As we know Agnes
Monica is a good singer who has international carrier. Agnes Monica is bilingual
person, because in her activity, she always uses more than one language in her
communication. We can see in the example above, Agnes speaks Indonesian
language, than mix to English and finally she returned to Indonesian language in
giving comments. Bilingual person does not only mix her/his word in communication
but also mixes and switches the language in communication. Ahmad Dhani is famous
band personnel in Music Industry and also artist producer. And last, Anang
Hermansyah is a good singer who has some influences in some artist carriers in
Industrial Music. In communication, Ahmad Dhani and Anang Hermansyah
sometimes mix their words in their activity. But, in their activities, they usually use
Indonesian language. Based on this example, it is interesting to analyze why the jurors
mix their language when giving the comment to finalist/contestant in Indonesian Idol
2012 TV Program.
1.2 Identification of the Problem
There are two main questions that become the concern of the jurors utterance
in RCTI program Indonesian Idol 20l2 shows, they are:
1. What are the types of code mixing that are found in jurors utterances in
Indonesian Idol 2012?
2. What are the social factors which motivate the jurors to mix their languages?
1.3 Objectives of the Study
This research has two mainly purposes, they are: to describe the types of code
mixing and identifying the social factors of code mixing in jurors utterance in
Indonesian Idol 2012 TV program. It is found in jurors utterance that uses some
episodes in Indonesian Idol 2012.
1.4 Scope of the Study
The focus of this research is to find out the types of code mixing which apply
the theory by Pieter Muysken (2000) and then applies Holmes (1992) theory to find
out the social factors of code mixing in jurors utterance in Indonesian Idol 2012.
1.5 Research of Method
This research has followed some methods; they are data collection, data
analysis, and presenting the result of analysis.
1.5.1 Source of the Data
The source of the data is Indonesian Idol 2012 TV Program. The data is
collected all the utterance of jurors which used code mixing taken from episode 1 and
episode 2 Spektakuler Indonesian Idol 2012 show from download the video on
YouTube.
1.5.2 Data Collection
The data is collected by applying non-participant observational method
(Sudaryanto, 1993:133). There are some steps, first, find the code mixing and rewrite
the jurors utterance from the video. Second, analyzing the jurors utterance that a types
of code mixing in jurors utterance and also describe the possible social factors of the
mixing.
1.5.3 Data Analysis
This research uses the referential identity method (Sudaryanto, 1993: 13). He
propose that the referential identity method is method of analyzing data where the key
factors of the data are defined by the context or outside of language itself such as
speaker, time, setting, and social situation. In the phase of analyzing data, there are
some steps. First, rewrite the juror’s utterances. Second, find out the code mixing and
classifies the data. Third, identifying the data and elaborating the data based on the
context of types of code mixing uses according to Muysken’s theory (2000) and social
factors uses based on Holmes’s theory (1992) that found from jurors utterance.
1.5.4 Presenting the Result of Analysis
The presenting the result of analysis is described formal and informal method
(Sudaryanto 1993). In formal way, the results of analysis were presented by
employing table or diagram. In informal way is painted verbally by explaining the
types of code mixing and social factors of code mixing in Indonesian Idol 2012 TV
program.
INDONESIAN IDOL 2012 TV PROGRAM
Thesis
Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement
For Degree of Sarjana Humaniora
By :
LYDIA NOUR OCTASWITA
0910733134
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT-FACULTY OF HUMANITIES
ANDALAS UNIVERSITY
PADANG
2013
ABSTRAK
Campur kode adalah fenomena bahasa yang terjadi dalam satu tuturan
komunikasi. Skripsi ini adalah kajian sosiolinguistik tentang peristiwa campur kode
yang terjadi dalam tuturan para juri acara Indonesian Idol 2012 disebuah program
televisi RCTI. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan jenis-jenis campur kode yang
digunakan dan menentukan faktor-faktor sosial yang mempengaruhi penggunaan
campur kode dalam tuturan mereka.
Data penelitian diperoleh dari tuturan juri saat memberi komentar kepada
peserta dalam kompetisi musik Indonesian Idol 2012. Data dikumpulkan
menggunakan metode non-partisipan observasi. Dalam pengambilan data dengan
mengunduh 2 episode video spetakuler Indonesian Idol 2012 di youtube yaitu
spektakuler 1 dan spektakuler 2. Analisis ini menggunakan dua teori yaitu teori
Muysken (2000) yang membahas tentang tipe campur kode dan teori Holmes (1992)
yang menjelaskan faktor-faktor sosial yang mempengaruhi penggunaan campur kode
dalam tuturan juri.
Dari analisis terhadap 30 data, ditemukan bahwa jenis campur kode yang
paling banyak ditemukan dalam analisis ini adalah jenis penyisipan (insertion) sekitar
66,7 % yaitu penyisipan yang terjadi dalam tuturan juri yang paling sering dilakukan
oleh Agnes Monica karena Agnes dalam aktivitas sehari harinya selalu menggunakan
lebih dari satu bahasa. Dari segi faktor-faktor sosial yang paling banyak ditemukan
adalah fungsi dari pembicaraan (function of speech) yaitu sekitar 53,3% yang terjadi
dalam tuturan para juri ketika memberi komentar kepada peserta, yang paling sering
dilakukan oleh Agnes Monica. Agnes adalah artis yang sudah memiliki prestasi bagus
dalam dunia musik International dan dia memiliki kemampuan menggunakan lebih
dari satu bahasa dalam komunikasinya.
Kata kunci: sosiolinguistik, campur kode, jenis campur kode, faktor sosial
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of the Study
Bilingualism or multilingualism is a term which is used to describe situation
where more than one language are used by the community member in a speech
community (Wardaugh, 1986:96). A person who has ability to use more than one
language in their communication is called a ‘bilingual’ or a ‘multilingual’ (Wardaugh,
1986:98). A bilingual person usually chooses a particular code to express his/her
feeling to use in a particular situation. Sometimes she/he mix two languages in
communication and switch from one code to another if the situation requires him to do
so.
Code mixing is different from code switching. Code switching is alternation
take by bilingual speaker in using two languages in one sentence (Gumperz, 1982:59).
Meanwhile, According to Muysken (2000:1) code mixing refers to all case where
lexical item and grammatical features from two languages appear in one sentence.
Here, he argues that code mixing as a language contact phenomenon with lexical
borrowing, interference, and switching. And he also categorizes there are three types
of code mixing: insertion, alternation, and congruent lexicalization.
There are some social factors in code mixing. According to Holmes (1992:5)
social factors are relevant in accounting for the particular various usages. He said that
here are some social factors of code mixing such as, the participant, the setting, the
topic of discussion, and the function of interaction.
The phenomenon of code mixing does not only happen in our everyday life but
also in some TV program like reality show or talk show and music competition. One
interesting television programs is Indonesian Idol 2012, a television reality singing
competition created by Simon Fuller and produced by Fremantle Media Asia. The
jurors in this TV program often mix their Indonesian language to English in
communication.
The following in example of code mixing by the jurors utterance in Indonesian
Idol 2012 TV program in Spektakuler show 1 on April 13th.
Sean (P2) - Firework:
Agnes Monica (U1): Ya... kalau meminjam kata-kata mas Dhani idem (Sean:
makasi kak Agnes) ini lagu, lagu ini cocok banget dengan personality nya
kamu (Sean: makasi kak Agnes)
From the example above, it can be seen the jurors such as Ahmad Dhani,
Agnes Monica, and Anang Hermansyah give a comment to Sean. As we know Agnes
Monica is a good singer who has international carrier. Agnes Monica is bilingual
person, because in her activity, she always uses more than one language in her
communication. We can see in the example above, Agnes speaks Indonesian
language, than mix to English and finally she returned to Indonesian language in
giving comments. Bilingual person does not only mix her/his word in communication
but also mixes and switches the language in communication. Ahmad Dhani is famous
band personnel in Music Industry and also artist producer. And last, Anang
Hermansyah is a good singer who has some influences in some artist carriers in
Industrial Music. In communication, Ahmad Dhani and Anang Hermansyah
sometimes mix their words in their activity. But, in their activities, they usually use
Indonesian language. Based on this example, it is interesting to analyze why the jurors
mix their language when giving the comment to finalist/contestant in Indonesian Idol
2012 TV Program.
1.2 Identification of the Problem
There are two main questions that become the concern of the jurors utterance
in RCTI program Indonesian Idol 20l2 shows, they are:
1. What are the types of code mixing that are found in jurors utterances in
Indonesian Idol 2012?
2. What are the social factors which motivate the jurors to mix their languages?
1.3 Objectives of the Study
This research has two mainly purposes, they are: to describe the types of code
mixing and identifying the social factors of code mixing in jurors utterance in
Indonesian Idol 2012 TV program. It is found in jurors utterance that uses some
episodes in Indonesian Idol 2012.
1.4 Scope of the Study
The focus of this research is to find out the types of code mixing which apply
the theory by Pieter Muysken (2000) and then applies Holmes (1992) theory to find
out the social factors of code mixing in jurors utterance in Indonesian Idol 2012.
1.5 Research of Method
This research has followed some methods; they are data collection, data
analysis, and presenting the result of analysis.
1.5.1 Source of the Data
The source of the data is Indonesian Idol 2012 TV Program. The data is
collected all the utterance of jurors which used code mixing taken from episode 1 and
episode 2 Spektakuler Indonesian Idol 2012 show from download the video on
YouTube.
1.5.2 Data Collection
The data is collected by applying non-participant observational method
(Sudaryanto, 1993:133). There are some steps, first, find the code mixing and rewrite
the jurors utterance from the video. Second, analyzing the jurors utterance that a types
of code mixing in jurors utterance and also describe the possible social factors of the
mixing.
1.5.3 Data Analysis
This research uses the referential identity method (Sudaryanto, 1993: 13). He
propose that the referential identity method is method of analyzing data where the key
factors of the data are defined by the context or outside of language itself such as
speaker, time, setting, and social situation. In the phase of analyzing data, there are
some steps. First, rewrite the juror’s utterances. Second, find out the code mixing and
classifies the data. Third, identifying the data and elaborating the data based on the
context of types of code mixing uses according to Muysken’s theory (2000) and social
factors uses based on Holmes’s theory (1992) that found from jurors utterance.
1.5.4 Presenting the Result of Analysis
The presenting the result of analysis is described formal and informal method
(Sudaryanto 1993). In formal way, the results of analysis were presented by
employing table or diagram. In informal way is painted verbally by explaining the
types of code mixing and social factors of code mixing in Indonesian Idol 2012 TV
program.