Hubungan Tumor Ganas Kepala Leher dengan Penurunan Berat Badan
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
Adham, M., Kurniawan, A., Muhtadi, A., Roezin, A., Hermani, B.,
Gondhowiardjo, S., Tan, I. and Middeldorp, J. (2012).
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma in Indonesia: epidemiology,
incidence,signs, and symptoms at presentation. Chin J Cancer ,
31(4), pp.185-196.
Anand, P., Kunnumakara, A., Sundaram, C., Harikumar, K., Tharakan, S.,
Lai, O., Sung, B. and Aggarwal, B. (2008). Cancer is a Preventable
Disease that Requires Major Lifestyle Changes. Pharm Res, 25(9),
pp.2097-2116.
Baradero,M. (2008). Seri Asuhan Keperawatan pada Klien Kanker .
Jakarta: ECG.
Bosaeus I, e. (2001). Dietary intake and resting energy expenditure in
relation to weight loss in unselected cancer patients. - PubMed NCBI. Ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. [online]. Available from:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11433403?dopt=Abstract
[Accessed May 18, 2015].
Browner, M. (2015). Applications in Geriatric Oncology. [online]
Hopkinsmedicine.org. Available at:
http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/gec/series/cancer_aging.html
[Accessed 6 Dec. 2015].
Cancer.org,. (2015). Signs and Symptoms of Cancer. [online]. Available
from: http://www.cancer.org/cancer/cancerbasics/signs-andsymptoms-of-cancer [Accessed May 5, 2015].
Cancer.org,. (2015). Taste and smell changes | American Cancer Society.
[online]. Available from:
http://www.cancer.org/treatment/survivorshipduringandaftertreatmen
t/nutritionforpeoplewithcancer/nutritionforthepersonwithcancer/nutri
tion-during-treatment-taste-smell-changes [Accessed May 18, 2015].
Cancer.org,. (2015). Treatments and Side Effects | American Cancer
Society. [online]. Available from:
http://www.cancer.org/treatment/treatmentsandsideeffects/
[Accessed May 5, 2015].
Cancer.org,. (2015). Types of Cancer Treatment | American Cancer
Society. [online]. Available from:
http://www.cancer.org/treatment/treatmentsandsideeffects/treatmentt
ypes/treatment-types-landing [Accessed May 17, 2015].
Cancer.org,. (2015). What are the key statistics about nasal cavity and
paranasal sinus cancers?. [online]. Available from:
http://www.cancer.org/cancer/nasalcavityandparanasalsinuscancer/d
etailedguide/nasal-cavity-and-paranasal-sinuses-cancer-key-statistics
[Accessed May 17, 2015].
Chan, K., Ng, M., Seto, W. and Peiris, J. (2001). Epstein-Barr Virus
(EBV) DNA in Sera of Patients with Primary EBV Infection.
Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 39(11), pp.4152-4154.
den Broeder E, e. (2001). Basal metabolic rate in children with a solid
tumour. - PubMed - NCBI. Ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. [online]. Available
from:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11477466?dopt=Abstract
[Accessed May 18, 2015].
de Souza, D., Pérez, M. and Curado, M. (2011). Gender differences in the
incidence of laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancers in Spain. Cancer
Epidemiology, 35(4), pp.328-333.
FD, O. (1994). Cancer cachexia: prevention, early diagnosis, and
management. - PubMed - NCBI. Ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. [online].
Available from:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8055014?dopt=Abstract
[Accessed May 18, 2015].
Folz, B., Silver, C., Rinaldo, A., Fagan, J., Pratt, L., Weir, N., Seitz, D. and
Ferlito, A. (2008). An outline of the history of head and neck
oncology. Oral Oncology, 44(1), pp.2-9.
Gaillard, F. (2015). Nasopharyngeal carcinoma | Radiology Reference
Article | Radiopaedia.org. Radiopaedia.org. [online]. Available
from: http://radiopaedia.org/articles/nasopharyngeal-carcinoma
[Accessed May 17, 2015].
Gambardella A, e. (1999). Intralipid infusion combined with propranolol
administration has favorable metabolic effects in elderly
malnourished cancer patients. - PubMed - NCBI. Ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.
[online]. Available from:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10094102?dopt=Abstract
[Accessed May 18, 2015].
GM, M. and AO, Y. (2015). Reevaluation of mortality risks from
nasopharyngeal cancer in the formaldehyde cohort study of the
National Cancer Institute. - PubMed - NCBI. Ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.
[online]. Available from:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15978711 [Accessed June 1,
2015].
Grant, B. (2010). American Cancer Society complete guide to nutrition for
cancer survivors, second edition. Atlanta: American Cancer Society.
Jatoi, A. (2015). Anorexia and Cachexia | Cancer Network.
Cancernetwork.com. [online]. Available from:
http://www.cancernetwork.com/cancer-management/anorexia-andcachexia [Accessed May 18, 2015].
Jatoi A, e. (1999). The prognostic effect of increased resting energy
expenditure prior to treatment for lung cancer. - PubMed - NCBI.
Ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. [online]. Available from:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10217619?dopt=Abstract
[Accessed May 18, 2015].
Jennie L Wells, A. (2006). Nutrition and Aging: Assessment and
Treatment of Compromised Nutritional Status in Frail Elderly
Patients. Clinical Interventions in Aging, [online] 1(1), p.67.
Available at:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2682454/ [Accessed
8 Dec. 2015].
Kementrian Kesehatan RI,. (2013). Kanker . Jakarta: Riset Kesehatan
Dasar
Kiss N, e. (2014). The prevalence of weight loss during
(chemo)radiotherapy treatment for lung cancer and associated
patient- and treatment-related factors. - PubMed - NCBI.
Ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. [online]. Available from:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24325888 [Accessed May 19,
2015].
Kutynec CL, e. (1999). Energy balance in women with breast cancer
during adjuvant treatment. - PubMed - NCBI. Ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.
[online]. Available from:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10524385?dopt=Abstract
[Accessed May 18, 2015].
Langius, J., Bakker, S., Rietveld, D., Kruizenga, H., Langendijk, J., Weijs,
P. and Leemans, C. (2013). Critical weight loss is a major prognostic
indicator for disease-specific survival in patients with head and neck
cancer receiving radiotherapy. British Journal of Cancer , [online]
109(5), p.1093. Available at:
http://www.nature.com/bjc/journal/v109/n5/full/bjc2013458a.html
[Accessed 1 Jun. 2015].
Larizadeh, M., Damghani, M. and Shabani, M. (2014). Epidemiological
Characteristics of Head and Neck Cancers in Southeast of Iran.
Martin, L., Senesse, P., Gioulbasanis, I., Antoun, S., Bozzetti, F., Deans,
C., Strasser, F., Thoresen, L., Jagoe, R., Chasen, M., Lundholm, K.,
Bosaeus, I., Fearon, K. and Baracos, V. (2014). Diagnostic Criteria
for the Classification of Cancer-Associated Weight Loss. Journal of
Clinical Oncology, 33(1), pp.90-99.
MB, L. (2014). Protein-Losing Enteropathy and Gastropathy. - PubMed NCBI. Ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. [online]. Available from:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11177680 [Accessed May 19,
2015].
National Cancer Institute,. (2015). Cancer Staging. [online]. Available
from: http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/diagnosisstaging/staging/staging-fact-sheet [Accessed May 5, 2015].
National Cancer Institute,. (2015). Head and Neck Cancer. [online].
Available from: http://www.cancer.gov/types/head-and-neck
[Accessed May 16, 2015].
National Cancer Institute,. (2015). Radiation Therapy for Cancer. [online].
Available from: http://www.cancer.gov/aboutcancer/treatment/types/radiation-therapy/radiation-fact-sheet
[Accessed May 17, 2015].
Nhs.uk,. (2015). Chemotherapy - Side effects - NHS Choices. [online].
Available from:
http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Chemotherapy/Pages/Sideeffects.aspx [Accessed May 17, 2015].
Nhs.uk,. (2014). Late cancer diagnosis 'costing lives and money' - Health
News - NHS Choices. [online]. Available from:
http://www.nhs.uk/news/2014/09September/Pages/Late-cancerdiagnosis-costing-lives-and-money.aspx [Accessed May 5, 2015].
Nhs.uk,. (2015). Radiotherapy - NHS Choices. [online]. Available from:
http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/Radiotherapy/Pages/Introduction.aspx
[Accessed May 17, 2015].
OuYang, P., Su, Z., Mao, Y., Liu, Q. and Xie, F. (2013). Prognostic value
of ABO blood group in southern Chinese patients with established
nasopharyngeal carcinoma. British Journal of Cancer , 109(9),
pp.2462-2466.
Perboni, S. and Inui, A. (2006). Anorexia in cancer: role of feedingregulatory peptides. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society
B: Biological Sciences, 361(1471), pp.1281-1289.
RJ, D. (2015). Chapter 1: Sinonasal anatomy and function. - PubMed NCBI. Ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. [online]. Available from:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23711029 [Accessed May 17,
2015].
Roberts, S. (2006). Nutrition and Aging: Changes in the Regulation of
Energy Metabolism With Aging. Physiological Reviews, 86(2),
pp.651-667.
Schuell, B., Gruenberger, T., Kornek, G., Dworan, N., Depisch, D., Lang,
F., Schneeweiss, B. and Scheithauer, W. (2005). Side effects during
chemotherapy predict tumour response in advanced colorectal
cancer. British Journal of Cancer , 93(7), pp.744-748.
Sham JS, Poon YF, Wei WI, Choy D. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma in young
patients. Cancer . Jun 1 1990;65(11):2606-10.
Suárez, C., Rodrigo, J., Rinaldo, A., Langendijk, J., Shaha, A. and Ferlito,
A. (2010). Current treatment options for recurrent nasopharyngeal
cancer. European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, 267(12),
pp.1811-1824.
Tao, Q. and Chan, A. (2011). Nasopharyngeal carcinoma: molecular
pathogenesis and therapeutic developments – CORRIGENDUM.
Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine, 13.
Theologides, A. (1977). Weight Loss in Cancer Patients. CA: A Cancer
Journal for Clinicians, 27(4), pp.205-208.
Tuca, A., Guell, E., Martinez-Losada, E. and Codorniu, N. (2012).
Malignant bowel obstruction in advanced cancer patients:
epidemiology, management, and factors influencing spontaneous
resolution. Cancer Management and Research, p.159.
UNM Cancer Center,. (2015). Anorexia and Weight Loss. [online].
Available from: http://cancer.unm.edu/cancer/cancer-info/cancertreatment/side-effects-of-cancer-treatment/less-common-sideeffects/weight-changes/anorexia-and-weight-loss/ [Accessed May
18, 2015].
Who.int,. (2015). WHO | Cancer. [online]. Available from:
http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs297/en/ [Accessed May
5, 2015].
Wei KR, e. (2015). Histopathological classification of nasopharyngeal
carcinoma. - PubMed - NCBI. Ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. [online]. Available
from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21875256 [Accessed
May 17, 2015].
Xie, S., Yu, I., Tse, L., Mang, O. and Yue, L. (2013). Sex difference in the
incidence of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in Hong Kong 1983–2008:
Suggestion of a potential protective role of oestrogen. European
Journal of Cancer , 49(1), pp.150-155.
Xu, Z. and Taylor, J. (2013). Genome-wide age-related DNA methylation
changes in blood and other tissues relate to histone modification,
expression and cancer. Carcinogenesis, 35(2), pp.356-364.
Adham, M., Kurniawan, A., Muhtadi, A., Roezin, A., Hermani, B.,
Gondhowiardjo, S., Tan, I. and Middeldorp, J. (2012).
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma in Indonesia: epidemiology,
incidence,signs, and symptoms at presentation. Chin J Cancer ,
31(4), pp.185-196.
Anand, P., Kunnumakara, A., Sundaram, C., Harikumar, K., Tharakan, S.,
Lai, O., Sung, B. and Aggarwal, B. (2008). Cancer is a Preventable
Disease that Requires Major Lifestyle Changes. Pharm Res, 25(9),
pp.2097-2116.
Baradero,M. (2008). Seri Asuhan Keperawatan pada Klien Kanker .
Jakarta: ECG.
Bosaeus I, e. (2001). Dietary intake and resting energy expenditure in
relation to weight loss in unselected cancer patients. - PubMed NCBI. Ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. [online]. Available from:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11433403?dopt=Abstract
[Accessed May 18, 2015].
Browner, M. (2015). Applications in Geriatric Oncology. [online]
Hopkinsmedicine.org. Available at:
http://www.hopkinsmedicine.org/gec/series/cancer_aging.html
[Accessed 6 Dec. 2015].
Cancer.org,. (2015). Signs and Symptoms of Cancer. [online]. Available
from: http://www.cancer.org/cancer/cancerbasics/signs-andsymptoms-of-cancer [Accessed May 5, 2015].
Cancer.org,. (2015). Taste and smell changes | American Cancer Society.
[online]. Available from:
http://www.cancer.org/treatment/survivorshipduringandaftertreatmen
t/nutritionforpeoplewithcancer/nutritionforthepersonwithcancer/nutri
tion-during-treatment-taste-smell-changes [Accessed May 18, 2015].
Cancer.org,. (2015). Treatments and Side Effects | American Cancer
Society. [online]. Available from:
http://www.cancer.org/treatment/treatmentsandsideeffects/
[Accessed May 5, 2015].
Cancer.org,. (2015). Types of Cancer Treatment | American Cancer
Society. [online]. Available from:
http://www.cancer.org/treatment/treatmentsandsideeffects/treatmentt
ypes/treatment-types-landing [Accessed May 17, 2015].
Cancer.org,. (2015). What are the key statistics about nasal cavity and
paranasal sinus cancers?. [online]. Available from:
http://www.cancer.org/cancer/nasalcavityandparanasalsinuscancer/d
etailedguide/nasal-cavity-and-paranasal-sinuses-cancer-key-statistics
[Accessed May 17, 2015].
Chan, K., Ng, M., Seto, W. and Peiris, J. (2001). Epstein-Barr Virus
(EBV) DNA in Sera of Patients with Primary EBV Infection.
Journal of Clinical Microbiology, 39(11), pp.4152-4154.
den Broeder E, e. (2001). Basal metabolic rate in children with a solid
tumour. - PubMed - NCBI. Ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. [online]. Available
from:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11477466?dopt=Abstract
[Accessed May 18, 2015].
de Souza, D., Pérez, M. and Curado, M. (2011). Gender differences in the
incidence of laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancers in Spain. Cancer
Epidemiology, 35(4), pp.328-333.
FD, O. (1994). Cancer cachexia: prevention, early diagnosis, and
management. - PubMed - NCBI. Ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. [online].
Available from:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8055014?dopt=Abstract
[Accessed May 18, 2015].
Folz, B., Silver, C., Rinaldo, A., Fagan, J., Pratt, L., Weir, N., Seitz, D. and
Ferlito, A. (2008). An outline of the history of head and neck
oncology. Oral Oncology, 44(1), pp.2-9.
Gaillard, F. (2015). Nasopharyngeal carcinoma | Radiology Reference
Article | Radiopaedia.org. Radiopaedia.org. [online]. Available
from: http://radiopaedia.org/articles/nasopharyngeal-carcinoma
[Accessed May 17, 2015].
Gambardella A, e. (1999). Intralipid infusion combined with propranolol
administration has favorable metabolic effects in elderly
malnourished cancer patients. - PubMed - NCBI. Ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.
[online]. Available from:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10094102?dopt=Abstract
[Accessed May 18, 2015].
GM, M. and AO, Y. (2015). Reevaluation of mortality risks from
nasopharyngeal cancer in the formaldehyde cohort study of the
National Cancer Institute. - PubMed - NCBI. Ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.
[online]. Available from:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15978711 [Accessed June 1,
2015].
Grant, B. (2010). American Cancer Society complete guide to nutrition for
cancer survivors, second edition. Atlanta: American Cancer Society.
Jatoi, A. (2015). Anorexia and Cachexia | Cancer Network.
Cancernetwork.com. [online]. Available from:
http://www.cancernetwork.com/cancer-management/anorexia-andcachexia [Accessed May 18, 2015].
Jatoi A, e. (1999). The prognostic effect of increased resting energy
expenditure prior to treatment for lung cancer. - PubMed - NCBI.
Ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. [online]. Available from:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10217619?dopt=Abstract
[Accessed May 18, 2015].
Jennie L Wells, A. (2006). Nutrition and Aging: Assessment and
Treatment of Compromised Nutritional Status in Frail Elderly
Patients. Clinical Interventions in Aging, [online] 1(1), p.67.
Available at:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2682454/ [Accessed
8 Dec. 2015].
Kementrian Kesehatan RI,. (2013). Kanker . Jakarta: Riset Kesehatan
Dasar
Kiss N, e. (2014). The prevalence of weight loss during
(chemo)radiotherapy treatment for lung cancer and associated
patient- and treatment-related factors. - PubMed - NCBI.
Ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. [online]. Available from:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24325888 [Accessed May 19,
2015].
Kutynec CL, e. (1999). Energy balance in women with breast cancer
during adjuvant treatment. - PubMed - NCBI. Ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.
[online]. Available from:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10524385?dopt=Abstract
[Accessed May 18, 2015].
Langius, J., Bakker, S., Rietveld, D., Kruizenga, H., Langendijk, J., Weijs,
P. and Leemans, C. (2013). Critical weight loss is a major prognostic
indicator for disease-specific survival in patients with head and neck
cancer receiving radiotherapy. British Journal of Cancer , [online]
109(5), p.1093. Available at:
http://www.nature.com/bjc/journal/v109/n5/full/bjc2013458a.html
[Accessed 1 Jun. 2015].
Larizadeh, M., Damghani, M. and Shabani, M. (2014). Epidemiological
Characteristics of Head and Neck Cancers in Southeast of Iran.
Martin, L., Senesse, P., Gioulbasanis, I., Antoun, S., Bozzetti, F., Deans,
C., Strasser, F., Thoresen, L., Jagoe, R., Chasen, M., Lundholm, K.,
Bosaeus, I., Fearon, K. and Baracos, V. (2014). Diagnostic Criteria
for the Classification of Cancer-Associated Weight Loss. Journal of
Clinical Oncology, 33(1), pp.90-99.
MB, L. (2014). Protein-Losing Enteropathy and Gastropathy. - PubMed NCBI. Ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. [online]. Available from:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11177680 [Accessed May 19,
2015].
National Cancer Institute,. (2015). Cancer Staging. [online]. Available
from: http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/diagnosisstaging/staging/staging-fact-sheet [Accessed May 5, 2015].
National Cancer Institute,. (2015). Head and Neck Cancer. [online].
Available from: http://www.cancer.gov/types/head-and-neck
[Accessed May 16, 2015].
National Cancer Institute,. (2015). Radiation Therapy for Cancer. [online].
Available from: http://www.cancer.gov/aboutcancer/treatment/types/radiation-therapy/radiation-fact-sheet
[Accessed May 17, 2015].
Nhs.uk,. (2015). Chemotherapy - Side effects - NHS Choices. [online].
Available from:
http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Chemotherapy/Pages/Sideeffects.aspx [Accessed May 17, 2015].
Nhs.uk,. (2014). Late cancer diagnosis 'costing lives and money' - Health
News - NHS Choices. [online]. Available from:
http://www.nhs.uk/news/2014/09September/Pages/Late-cancerdiagnosis-costing-lives-and-money.aspx [Accessed May 5, 2015].
Nhs.uk,. (2015). Radiotherapy - NHS Choices. [online]. Available from:
http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/Radiotherapy/Pages/Introduction.aspx
[Accessed May 17, 2015].
OuYang, P., Su, Z., Mao, Y., Liu, Q. and Xie, F. (2013). Prognostic value
of ABO blood group in southern Chinese patients with established
nasopharyngeal carcinoma. British Journal of Cancer , 109(9),
pp.2462-2466.
Perboni, S. and Inui, A. (2006). Anorexia in cancer: role of feedingregulatory peptides. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society
B: Biological Sciences, 361(1471), pp.1281-1289.
RJ, D. (2015). Chapter 1: Sinonasal anatomy and function. - PubMed NCBI. Ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. [online]. Available from:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23711029 [Accessed May 17,
2015].
Roberts, S. (2006). Nutrition and Aging: Changes in the Regulation of
Energy Metabolism With Aging. Physiological Reviews, 86(2),
pp.651-667.
Schuell, B., Gruenberger, T., Kornek, G., Dworan, N., Depisch, D., Lang,
F., Schneeweiss, B. and Scheithauer, W. (2005). Side effects during
chemotherapy predict tumour response in advanced colorectal
cancer. British Journal of Cancer , 93(7), pp.744-748.
Sham JS, Poon YF, Wei WI, Choy D. Nasopharyngeal carcinoma in young
patients. Cancer . Jun 1 1990;65(11):2606-10.
Suárez, C., Rodrigo, J., Rinaldo, A., Langendijk, J., Shaha, A. and Ferlito,
A. (2010). Current treatment options for recurrent nasopharyngeal
cancer. European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology, 267(12),
pp.1811-1824.
Tao, Q. and Chan, A. (2011). Nasopharyngeal carcinoma: molecular
pathogenesis and therapeutic developments – CORRIGENDUM.
Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine, 13.
Theologides, A. (1977). Weight Loss in Cancer Patients. CA: A Cancer
Journal for Clinicians, 27(4), pp.205-208.
Tuca, A., Guell, E., Martinez-Losada, E. and Codorniu, N. (2012).
Malignant bowel obstruction in advanced cancer patients:
epidemiology, management, and factors influencing spontaneous
resolution. Cancer Management and Research, p.159.
UNM Cancer Center,. (2015). Anorexia and Weight Loss. [online].
Available from: http://cancer.unm.edu/cancer/cancer-info/cancertreatment/side-effects-of-cancer-treatment/less-common-sideeffects/weight-changes/anorexia-and-weight-loss/ [Accessed May
18, 2015].
Who.int,. (2015). WHO | Cancer. [online]. Available from:
http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs297/en/ [Accessed May
5, 2015].
Wei KR, e. (2015). Histopathological classification of nasopharyngeal
carcinoma. - PubMed - NCBI. Ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. [online]. Available
from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21875256 [Accessed
May 17, 2015].
Xie, S., Yu, I., Tse, L., Mang, O. and Yue, L. (2013). Sex difference in the
incidence of nasopharyngeal carcinoma in Hong Kong 1983–2008:
Suggestion of a potential protective role of oestrogen. European
Journal of Cancer , 49(1), pp.150-155.
Xu, Z. and Taylor, J. (2013). Genome-wide age-related DNA methylation
changes in blood and other tissues relate to histone modification,
expression and cancer. Carcinogenesis, 35(2), pp.356-364.