Gambaran Tomografi Komputer Kepala Pada Penderita Trauma Kepala Dibandingkan Dengan Tingkat Kesadaran Berdasarkan Skala Koma Glasgow Di Rumah Sakit Pusat Haji Adam Malik Medan Pada Tahun 2013
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
Agid, R., Andersson, T., Almqvist, H., Wilinsky, R.A, Lee, S. K, Farb, R. I.,
et
al. (2010).Negative Ct Angiography Findings In Patients With Spontaneous
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: When Is Digital Subtraction Angiography Still
Needed. [Online] p1-10. Available at: www.ajnr.org. [accessed: 1st
December 2014].
Allan, H. R. (2008). Concussion and Other Head Injuries. In Fauci. et al.
Harrison’s Principles Of Internal Medicine. 17th ed. United States Of
America: Mc Graw-Hill.
Doe,
J.
(2014)
Epidural
Hematoma.
[Online]
Available
at:
nd
April
www.anatomicaljustice.com/cmi_details.aspx?id=1424. [Accesed: 2
2014]
Bullock, M. R. (2006). Surgical Management Of TBI. Vol 3. P. 1–66.
Brown, J. A. C. (2006). Pears Pocket Medical Encyclopedia. 4th ed. United
Kingdoms: Warner Books.
Crash.
(2013)
CT
Scan
Guidance.
[Online]
Available
at:www.crash.ishtm.ac.uk/ctscan.html. [Accesed: 2nd April 2014].
Centers For Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2008) Updated Traumatic
Brain
Injury
Guidelines
For
Adults.
[Online]
Available
at:
www.cdc.gov/TraumaticBrainInjury. [Accessed: 2nd April 2014]
Center For Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2003) Glasgow Coma Scale.
[Online] Available at: www.bt.cdc.gov/masscasualties. [Accessed: 21st
March 2014]
David, S. (2003). The Skull. In David. S . Textbook of Radiology And Imaging.
Vol. 2. 7th ed. London: Churchill Livingstone.
David, W. C. (2010). Head Trauma. Available at: emedicine.medscape.com/
Article/433855-overview. [Accessed: 1st June 2014].
29
Universitas Sumatera Utara
30
David, W., Hartl, R., Servadei, F., Bullock, M. R., Chesnut, R., Ghajar, J. et al.
(2006). Surgical Guidelines. [Online] Available at: www.neurosurgeryonline.com.[Accessed: 30th November 2014].
Fiona, L., Mukul, A., Barbara, G., Hutchinson, P., Clarke, R., Hogarth, K., et al.
(2014) Head injury. Triage Assessment Investigation & Early Management
Of Head Injury In Children, Young People &Adults. [Online] P. 1-69.
Available at: guidance.nice.org.uk/cg176. [Accessed: 18th November 2014].
Gijn, V. J., and Rinkel, G. J. E. (2001).Brain.Subarachnoid Hemorrhage:
Diagnosis, Causes and Mangement. Vol 124. P. 249-278.
Gomis, M., Ois, A., Roquer, J., Campello, A., Godia, C., Conde, J., et al.(2010).
European Journal of Neurology.Outcome of Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Patients Pre-treated With Statins. Vol 17. P. 443-448.
Gupta, P. K, Krishna, A., Dwivedi, A.N., Kumkum, G., Bala, M., Gouri, G., et al.
(2011). CT Scan Finding And Outcomes Of Head Injury Patients: A Cross
Sectional Study. Journal Of Pioneering Medical Sciences. [Online] Vol.1
(issue 3). P.78–82. Available at: http://www.jpmsonline.com/jpms-vo1issue3-pages78-82-oa.html. [Accessed: 29th March 2014].Vol 18 (12). P.
62-759.
Ikram, M. A., Wieberdink, R. G., and Koudstaal, P. J. (2012).Current
Arthrosclerosis Reports.International of Epidemiology of Intracerebral
Haemorhhage.Vol 1. P. 1-13.
The Brain Injury Guide and References. (2008) Indices Of Injury Severity.
[Online]
Available
at:http://braininjuryeducation.org/TBI-Basics/Injury-
Severity/. [Accesed: 2nd April 2014].
John, B., Saud, A., Jamee, A., Jill, A., Bertil, B., Karen, B., et al. (2008).
Advanced Trauma Life Support, 8th ed,The Evidence For Change. The
Journal Of Trauma Injury, Infection, and Critical Care. P. 1638-1650.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
31
Japardi, I.(2002). Penatalaksanaan Cedera Kepala Akut. Usu Digital Library.
[Online]
Available
at:
library.usu.ac.id/download/fk/bedah-
iskandar%20japardi%37%20.pdf
Kim, P., Yan, S. H., Sung, J., Lee, S. W., and Son, B. C. (2014).Early
Decompressive Craniectomy In Patients With Severe Traumatic Brain
Injury. [Online] Korean Neurosurgical Society.Vol 55 (1). P. 26-31.
Lee, B.And Newberg, A. (2005). Neuroimaging In Traumatic Brain Imaging. The
Journal Of The American Society For Experimentak Neurotherapeutics.
[Online] Division Of Nuclear Medicine , Department Of Radiology,
University Of Pennsylvania Health System. P. 1–18. Available at:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc.articles/pmc1064998.
[Accessed:
21st
January 2014].
Michael, E.R.,and Christian, J. (2008). CT Imaging Of The Head. In J.Christian
Fox and J. Sonia (eds.) Clinical Emergency Radiology. United States Of
America: Cambridge University Press, New York.
Matis,G.,and Birbilis, T. (2008). The Glasgow Coma Scale-A Brief Review Past,
Present, Future. The Glassgow Coma Scale. P. 75–89.
Peter, A. (2006) Head. In The Atlas Of The Human Body. United Kingdom:
Amber Books.
Rehman, L., Khattak, A., Naseer, A., and Mushtaq.(2010). J Coll Physician Surg
Pak. Outcome of Acute Traumatic Extradural Hematoma.Vol 18 (12). P. 62759.
Riset Kesehatan Dasar. (2007) Laporan Nasional 2007. [Online] Available
at:https://www.k4health.org/sites/default/files/laporanNasional%20Riskesda
s%202007.pdf. [Accesed: 2nd April 2014]
Tuong, H.L. (2003) Imaging Of Head Trauma. Seminars In Roentology.
P. 1–13.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
32
United States. The Department Of Health And Health Psychology Of Missouri.
(2012) The Brain Injury Guide & Resources. University Of Missouri : MU
School Of Health Professions, Department of Health Psychology.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Agid, R., Andersson, T., Almqvist, H., Wilinsky, R.A, Lee, S. K, Farb, R. I.,
et
al. (2010).Negative Ct Angiography Findings In Patients With Spontaneous
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: When Is Digital Subtraction Angiography Still
Needed. [Online] p1-10. Available at: www.ajnr.org. [accessed: 1st
December 2014].
Allan, H. R. (2008). Concussion and Other Head Injuries. In Fauci. et al.
Harrison’s Principles Of Internal Medicine. 17th ed. United States Of
America: Mc Graw-Hill.
Doe,
J.
(2014)
Epidural
Hematoma.
[Online]
Available
at:
nd
April
www.anatomicaljustice.com/cmi_details.aspx?id=1424. [Accesed: 2
2014]
Bullock, M. R. (2006). Surgical Management Of TBI. Vol 3. P. 1–66.
Brown, J. A. C. (2006). Pears Pocket Medical Encyclopedia. 4th ed. United
Kingdoms: Warner Books.
Crash.
(2013)
CT
Scan
Guidance.
[Online]
Available
at:www.crash.ishtm.ac.uk/ctscan.html. [Accesed: 2nd April 2014].
Centers For Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2008) Updated Traumatic
Brain
Injury
Guidelines
For
Adults.
[Online]
Available
at:
www.cdc.gov/TraumaticBrainInjury. [Accessed: 2nd April 2014]
Center For Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). (2003) Glasgow Coma Scale.
[Online] Available at: www.bt.cdc.gov/masscasualties. [Accessed: 21st
March 2014]
David, S. (2003). The Skull. In David. S . Textbook of Radiology And Imaging.
Vol. 2. 7th ed. London: Churchill Livingstone.
David, W. C. (2010). Head Trauma. Available at: emedicine.medscape.com/
Article/433855-overview. [Accessed: 1st June 2014].
29
Universitas Sumatera Utara
30
David, W., Hartl, R., Servadei, F., Bullock, M. R., Chesnut, R., Ghajar, J. et al.
(2006). Surgical Guidelines. [Online] Available at: www.neurosurgeryonline.com.[Accessed: 30th November 2014].
Fiona, L., Mukul, A., Barbara, G., Hutchinson, P., Clarke, R., Hogarth, K., et al.
(2014) Head injury. Triage Assessment Investigation & Early Management
Of Head Injury In Children, Young People &Adults. [Online] P. 1-69.
Available at: guidance.nice.org.uk/cg176. [Accessed: 18th November 2014].
Gijn, V. J., and Rinkel, G. J. E. (2001).Brain.Subarachnoid Hemorrhage:
Diagnosis, Causes and Mangement. Vol 124. P. 249-278.
Gomis, M., Ois, A., Roquer, J., Campello, A., Godia, C., Conde, J., et al.(2010).
European Journal of Neurology.Outcome of Intracerebral Hemorrhage
Patients Pre-treated With Statins. Vol 17. P. 443-448.
Gupta, P. K, Krishna, A., Dwivedi, A.N., Kumkum, G., Bala, M., Gouri, G., et al.
(2011). CT Scan Finding And Outcomes Of Head Injury Patients: A Cross
Sectional Study. Journal Of Pioneering Medical Sciences. [Online] Vol.1
(issue 3). P.78–82. Available at: http://www.jpmsonline.com/jpms-vo1issue3-pages78-82-oa.html. [Accessed: 29th March 2014].Vol 18 (12). P.
62-759.
Ikram, M. A., Wieberdink, R. G., and Koudstaal, P. J. (2012).Current
Arthrosclerosis Reports.International of Epidemiology of Intracerebral
Haemorhhage.Vol 1. P. 1-13.
The Brain Injury Guide and References. (2008) Indices Of Injury Severity.
[Online]
Available
at:http://braininjuryeducation.org/TBI-Basics/Injury-
Severity/. [Accesed: 2nd April 2014].
John, B., Saud, A., Jamee, A., Jill, A., Bertil, B., Karen, B., et al. (2008).
Advanced Trauma Life Support, 8th ed,The Evidence For Change. The
Journal Of Trauma Injury, Infection, and Critical Care. P. 1638-1650.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
31
Japardi, I.(2002). Penatalaksanaan Cedera Kepala Akut. Usu Digital Library.
[Online]
Available
at:
library.usu.ac.id/download/fk/bedah-
iskandar%20japardi%37%20.pdf
Kim, P., Yan, S. H., Sung, J., Lee, S. W., and Son, B. C. (2014).Early
Decompressive Craniectomy In Patients With Severe Traumatic Brain
Injury. [Online] Korean Neurosurgical Society.Vol 55 (1). P. 26-31.
Lee, B.And Newberg, A. (2005). Neuroimaging In Traumatic Brain Imaging. The
Journal Of The American Society For Experimentak Neurotherapeutics.
[Online] Division Of Nuclear Medicine , Department Of Radiology,
University Of Pennsylvania Health System. P. 1–18. Available at:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc.articles/pmc1064998.
[Accessed:
21st
January 2014].
Michael, E.R.,and Christian, J. (2008). CT Imaging Of The Head. In J.Christian
Fox and J. Sonia (eds.) Clinical Emergency Radiology. United States Of
America: Cambridge University Press, New York.
Matis,G.,and Birbilis, T. (2008). The Glasgow Coma Scale-A Brief Review Past,
Present, Future. The Glassgow Coma Scale. P. 75–89.
Peter, A. (2006) Head. In The Atlas Of The Human Body. United Kingdom:
Amber Books.
Rehman, L., Khattak, A., Naseer, A., and Mushtaq.(2010). J Coll Physician Surg
Pak. Outcome of Acute Traumatic Extradural Hematoma.Vol 18 (12). P. 62759.
Riset Kesehatan Dasar. (2007) Laporan Nasional 2007. [Online] Available
at:https://www.k4health.org/sites/default/files/laporanNasional%20Riskesda
s%202007.pdf. [Accesed: 2nd April 2014]
Tuong, H.L. (2003) Imaging Of Head Trauma. Seminars In Roentology.
P. 1–13.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
32
United States. The Department Of Health And Health Psychology Of Missouri.
(2012) The Brain Injury Guide & Resources. University Of Missouri : MU
School Of Health Professions, Department of Health Psychology.
Universitas Sumatera Utara