Hubungan Kadar Interleukin – 6 (IL-6) dengan Procalcitonin (PCT) pada Pasien Sepsis Berat di RSUP.H.Adam Malik Medan
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
Adelman, A., 2001. Twenty Common Problems in Geriatrics. Singapore: McGrawHill.
Aikawa N, Fujishima S, Endo S, Sekine I, Kogawa K,Yamamoto Y, et al. Multicenter
prospective study of procalcitonin as an indicator of sepsis. J Infect Chemother 2005;
11:152 – 9 ; Balc IC, Sungurtekin H, Gurses E, Sungurtekin U,
Angus, D., Linde, Z. W. & Lidicker, J., 2001. Epidemiology of severe sepsis in the
United States : Analysis of incidence, outcome, and associated costs of care. Crit
Care Med, Volume 29, pp. 1303-1310.
Assicot M, Gendrel D, Carsin H, Raymond J, Guilbaud J, Bohuon C. High serum
procalcitonin concentrations in patients with sepsis and infection. Lancet 1993;
341:515-8.
Balk RA. Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock, Definition, Epidemiology and Clinical
Manifestation. Crit Care Clin, 2000;16 (2) 179-92.
Becker, K. et al., 1993. Hyperprocalcitoninemia in inhalation burn injury: a response
of the pulmonary neuroendocrine cell?. Anat Rec, Volume 236, pp. 136-8.
Billeter, A. et al., 2009. Early Serum Procalsitonin, Interleukin-6 and 24-Hour Lactate
Clearance: Useful Indicators of Septic Infections in Severly Traumatized Patients.
s.l.:s.n.
Bone, R., Balk, R. & Cena, F., 1992. Defenition For Sepsis and organ Failure anf
Guidelines For The Use of Innovative Therapies in Sepsis.. American College of
Chest Phycisian, Volume 101, pp. 1644-1645.
Buchori, Prihatini, 2006. Diagnosis Sepsis Menggunakan Procalcitonin. Indonesian
Journal of Clinical Pathology and Medical Laboratory 12(3):131-137.
Caterino, J. & Kahan, S., 2012. Master Plan Kedaruratan Medik Indonesia.
Indonesia: Binarupa Aksara.
66
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Cavaillon, J. & Adrie, C., 2009. Sepsis And Non-infectious Systemic Inflamation for
Bilogy To Critical care. s.l.:Wiley.
CDC National Center of Hospital Statistics, t.thn. 2011. s.l.:s.n.
Dong Wook Jekarl, So-Young Lee, Jehoon Lee, Yeon-Joon Park, Yonggoo Kim,
Jeong Ho Park, Jung Hee Wee, Seung Pill Choi; Procalcitonin as a diagnostic
marker and IL-6 as a prognostic marker for sepsis; Diagnostic Microbiology and
Infectious Disease 75 (2013) 342–347
Esper, A. et al., 2006. The role of infection and comorbidity: factors that influence
disparities in sepsis. Crit Care Med, Volume 34, pp. 2576-82.
Fauci, A., KAsper, D., Longo, D. & Loscalzo, J., 2000. Harrison manual kedokteran.
Indonesia: Karisma Publisher Group.
Gabay, C., 2006. IL-6 and Chronic Inflammation. Arthritis Research amd Therapy,
8(2), pp. 1-6.
Guntur, 2008. Immunnopatobiologik sepsis dan penatalaksanaannya. s.l.:FK UNS
Sebelas Maret University Press.
Hatherill M., Tibby SM., Sykes K., Turner C., Murdoch.,: Diagnostic markers of
infection: comparison of procalcitonin with C reactive protein and leucocyte count.
Arch Dis Child,1999, 81:417–21.
Hazzard, W., 1999. Principles of geriatric medicine and gerontology. fourth penyunt.
USA: McGraw-Hill.
Herzum & Renz, H., 2008. Inflammatory markers in SIRS, Sepsis and septic shock.
Hubacek, J. et al., 2001. Gene Variants of the bactericidal/permeability increasing
protein and lypopolysacchararide binding protein in sepsis patients: gender spesific
genetic predisposition to sepsis. Crit Care Med, Volume 29, pp. 557-61.
Jekarl, D. W. et al.,2013. Procalcitonin as a diagnostic marker and IL-6 as a
prognostic marker for sepsis.
Jones, S., Richard, P., Scheller, J. & Rose-John, S., 2005. IL-6 transsignaling: the in
vivo consequences. J Interferon Cytokine Res, Volume 25, pp. 241-53.
67
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Kaplanski, G. et al., 2003. IL-6: a regulator of the transition from neutrophil to
monocyte recruitment during inflammation. Trends Immunol, Volume 24, pp. 25-9.
Kaptanoglu B. Usefulness of procalcitonin for diagnosis of sepsis in the intensive
care unit. Crit Care 2003;7:85 – 90
Bell K, Wattie M, Byth K, Silvestrini R, Clark P, Stachowski E, et al. Procalcitonin: a
marker of bacteraemia in SIRS.Anaesth Intensive Care 2003;31:629 – 36.
Keputusan
Menteri
Kesehatan
Republik
Indonesia
Nomor
1778/MENKES/SK/XII/2010. Pedoman Penyelenggaraan Pelayanan Intensive Care
Unit (ICU) di Rumah Sakit.
Kitanovski, L., Jazbec, J., Hojker, S. & Dergnac, M., 2014. Diagnostic accuracy of
lipopolysaccharide-binding protein for predicting bacterimia/clinical sepsis in children
with febrile neutropenia: comparison with interleukin-6, procalcitonin and C-reactive
protein.
Klaus Tschaikowsky MDa, Monika Hedwig-Geissing PhD, Giovanni G. Braun MD,
Martin Radespiel-Troeger PhD. Predictive value of procalcitonin, interleukin-6, and
C-reactive protein for survival in postoperativepatients with severe sepsis.
Department of Anesthesiology, University of Erlangen-Nuernberg, Erlangen D91054, Germany. Population-based cancer registry Bavaria-Registration office,
Erlangen, Germany 2011.
Kuperman EF, Showalter JW, Lehman EB, et al. The impact of obesity on sepsis
mortality: a retrospective review. BMC Infectious Diseases. 2013. 13:377. [Internet].
[cited 2013] Available from: http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2334/13/377
LaRosa SP. Cleveland Clinic disease management project: Sepsis. [internet].
[updated
2013;
cited
2014
Feb
7].
Available
from:
http://www.clevelandclinicmeded.com/medicalpubs/diseasemanagement/infectiousdisease/sepsis/
68
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Levy MM, Fink MP, Marshall JC, Abraham E, et al. 2001 SCCM/ ESICM/ ACCP/
ATS/ SIS International Sepsis Definition Conference. Crit care med. 2003. 31: 1560
– 1567.
Lopez FR, Jimenes AE, Tobon GC, Mote JD, Farias ON. Procalcitonin (PCT), C
reactive protein (CRP) and its correlation with severity in early sepsis. Clin. Rev.
Opinions. 2011; 3:26-31
Maja Pavcnik-Arnol, Sergej Hojker. Metka Derganc. Lipopolysaccharide-binding
protein in critically ill neonates and children with suspected infection: comparison
with procalcitonin, interleukin-6, and C-reactive protein 2004
Marin V, Montero-Julian FA, Gres S, Boulay V, Bongrand P, Farnarier C, et al. 2001
The IL-6/soluble IL-6Ra autocrine loop of endothelial activation as an intermediate
between acute and chronic inflammation: an experimental model involving thrombin.
J Immunol; 167:3435-42.
Martin GS, Mannino DM, Eaton S and Moss M. The epidemiology of sepsis in the
United States from 1979 through 2000. N Engl J Med, [internet] [cited 2016 feb 16 ;
348: 1546-1554], available from : PubMed, 2003
Meisner M. PCT, Procalcitonin — a new, innovative infection parameter. Berlin:
B.R.A.H.M.S.-Diagnostica, 1996.
Meisner M, and Reinhart K. Diagnosis of Sepsis : The Role of Parameters of The
Inflammatory Respons. NVIC Monitor. 2001; 5.5: 41- 42.
Michael Meisner1, Klaus Tschaikowsky, Stephan Schnabel1, Joachim Schmidt1,
Alexander Katalinic and Jürgen Schattier., 1997.Procalcitonin — Influence of
Temperature, Storage, Anticoagulation and
Arterial or Venous Asservation of Blood Samples on Procalcitonin
Concentrations.
69
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Mohammad
Naffaa,MD,
BadiraF.Makhoul,MD,
AmjadTobia,MD,
Marielle
Kaplan,PhD, Doron Aronson,MD, ZaherS.Azzam,MD., 2014. Procalcitonin and
interleukin 6 for predicting blood culture positivity in sepsis.
Mokart, D. et al., 2005. Procalcitonin, IL-6 and Systemic inflamatory response
syndrome (SIRS): early markers of postoperative sepsis after major surgery.
National health service United Kingdom. Chemotherapy [Internet]. [cited 2014 feb
18].
Available
from:
http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/chemotherapy/Pages/Definition.aspx
PERDACI (Perhimpunan Dokter Intensive Care Indonesia). Penatalaksanaan Sepsis
dan Syok Septik : Surviving Sepsis Campaign Bundle, September 2014 ; 1- 24
Prayogo B W. Hubungan antara faktor resiko sepsis dengan kejadian sepsis dan
septik syok di dept/ SMF obstetri dan ginekologi.[Internet ,2010] [update 2012 Apr
17; cited 2013 Desember 10]. Avaliable from:
http://rsudsoetomo.jatimprov.go.id/id/index.php?Option=comntent&view=article&id=5
54:hubungan-antara-faktor-
resiko-sepsis-dengan-kejadian-sepsis-berat-dan-syok-
sepsis-di-deptsmf-obstetri-dan-ginekologi&catid=57:abstrak-penelitian&itemid=76
Prihartini, B., 2006. Diagnosis Sepsis Menggunakan Prokalsitonin. Volume 12, pp.
131-7.
Pudjiastuti. Imunoglobulin Intravena pada Anak dan Bayi dengan Sepsis. Kumpulan
Makalah. National Symposium: the 2nd Indonesian Sepsis Forum. Surakarta, March
2008; 7-9 pp:100
Raija Uusitalo-Seppälä, Pertti Koskinen, Aila Leino, Heikki Peuravuori, Tero
Vahlberg & Esa M. Rintala., 2014. Early detection of severe sepsis in the emergency
room: Diagnostic value of plasma C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, and interleukin-6,
Scandinavian.Journal of Infectious Diseases, 43:11-12, 883-890
Reith, H. B., Mittelkotter, U. M., Wagner, R. & Thiede, A., 2000. PCT in patients with
abdominal sepsis.
ROn, D. & Tim, N., 2010. ABC of Sepsis. first penyunt. s.l.:Wiley-Blackwell.
70
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Ronco C, Bellomo R, Brendolan A, in Sepsis, Kidney and Multiple Organ
Dysfunction, Karger, 2004 Russell JA, in Management of Sepsis; NEJM; 2006; 355:
1699-713
Runge MS, Greganti MA. Netter’s Internal Medicine. 2nd ed. Philadelphia USA:
Saunders Elsevier; 2009. p. 644-9
Sastre JBL, Solis DP, Serradilla VR, Colomer BF, Cotallo GDC, Castrillo GH.
Evaluation of procalcitonin for diagnosis of neonatal sepsis of vertical transmission.
BMC Pediatr. 2007; 7:1-9
Russell JA, in Management of Sepsis; NEJM; 2006; 355: 1699-713
Schrag, B. et al., 2012. Evaluation of C-Reactive protein,procalsitonin, TNF alpha,
IL-6 and IL-8 as diagnostic paramteres in cepsis Related fatalities.
Shen HN, Lu CL, Yang HH. 2010 Aug – Epidemiologic trend of severe sepsis in
Taiwan from 1997 through 2006. Chest 2010: 138 ;(2) 298 – 304
Tang B, Eslick G, Craig J, et al. Accuracy of procalcitonin for sepsis diagnosis in
critically ill patients: systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Infect Dis.
2007;7:210–7.
Viallon A, Guyomarch P, Tardy B, Robert F, Marjolllet O, Caricajo A. Decrease in
serum procalcitonin levels over time during treatment of bacterial meningitis. Crit
Care Med. 2005; 9:R344-R350
Vincent JL SY, Sprung CL, Ranieri VM, Reinhart K, Gerlach H, et al. Sepsis in
European intensive care units: results of the SOAP study. Crit Care Med
2006;34(2):344-53.
V. Sugitharini • A. Prema • E. Berla Thangam. Inflammatory mediators of systemic
inflammation in neonatal sepsis. 2013.
WalidSaliba,MDMPH., 2014. Procalcitonin and interleukin 6 for predicting blood
culture positivity in sepsis. Internal Medicine C, Ha'emek Medical Center, Afula,
Israel
71
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Wong, H. R. et al., 2015. Comparing the prognostic performance of ASSIST to
interleukin-6 and procalcitonin in patients with severe sepsis or septic shock.
Wunder, c., Eichelbronner, O. & Roewer, N., 2004. Are IL-6, IL-10 and PCT plasma
concentrations reliable for outcome prediction in severe sepsis? A comparison with
APACHE III and SAPS II. Klinik und Poliklinik fur Anasthesiologie.
Yamaoka Y, Kita M, Kodama Y, Sawai N, Imanishi J. Helicobacter pylori cagA gene
and expression of cytokine messenger RNA in gastric mucosa. Gastroenterology.
1996; 110:1744-52.
Yongzhen Zhao MM, Chunsheng Li MD, Yumei Jia MM. Evaluation of the Mortality in
Emergency Department Sepsis score combined with procalcitonin in septic patients.
China 2013.
72
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Adelman, A., 2001. Twenty Common Problems in Geriatrics. Singapore: McGrawHill.
Aikawa N, Fujishima S, Endo S, Sekine I, Kogawa K,Yamamoto Y, et al. Multicenter
prospective study of procalcitonin as an indicator of sepsis. J Infect Chemother 2005;
11:152 – 9 ; Balc IC, Sungurtekin H, Gurses E, Sungurtekin U,
Angus, D., Linde, Z. W. & Lidicker, J., 2001. Epidemiology of severe sepsis in the
United States : Analysis of incidence, outcome, and associated costs of care. Crit
Care Med, Volume 29, pp. 1303-1310.
Assicot M, Gendrel D, Carsin H, Raymond J, Guilbaud J, Bohuon C. High serum
procalcitonin concentrations in patients with sepsis and infection. Lancet 1993;
341:515-8.
Balk RA. Severe Sepsis and Septic Shock, Definition, Epidemiology and Clinical
Manifestation. Crit Care Clin, 2000;16 (2) 179-92.
Becker, K. et al., 1993. Hyperprocalcitoninemia in inhalation burn injury: a response
of the pulmonary neuroendocrine cell?. Anat Rec, Volume 236, pp. 136-8.
Billeter, A. et al., 2009. Early Serum Procalsitonin, Interleukin-6 and 24-Hour Lactate
Clearance: Useful Indicators of Septic Infections in Severly Traumatized Patients.
s.l.:s.n.
Bone, R., Balk, R. & Cena, F., 1992. Defenition For Sepsis and organ Failure anf
Guidelines For The Use of Innovative Therapies in Sepsis.. American College of
Chest Phycisian, Volume 101, pp. 1644-1645.
Buchori, Prihatini, 2006. Diagnosis Sepsis Menggunakan Procalcitonin. Indonesian
Journal of Clinical Pathology and Medical Laboratory 12(3):131-137.
Caterino, J. & Kahan, S., 2012. Master Plan Kedaruratan Medik Indonesia.
Indonesia: Binarupa Aksara.
66
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Cavaillon, J. & Adrie, C., 2009. Sepsis And Non-infectious Systemic Inflamation for
Bilogy To Critical care. s.l.:Wiley.
CDC National Center of Hospital Statistics, t.thn. 2011. s.l.:s.n.
Dong Wook Jekarl, So-Young Lee, Jehoon Lee, Yeon-Joon Park, Yonggoo Kim,
Jeong Ho Park, Jung Hee Wee, Seung Pill Choi; Procalcitonin as a diagnostic
marker and IL-6 as a prognostic marker for sepsis; Diagnostic Microbiology and
Infectious Disease 75 (2013) 342–347
Esper, A. et al., 2006. The role of infection and comorbidity: factors that influence
disparities in sepsis. Crit Care Med, Volume 34, pp. 2576-82.
Fauci, A., KAsper, D., Longo, D. & Loscalzo, J., 2000. Harrison manual kedokteran.
Indonesia: Karisma Publisher Group.
Gabay, C., 2006. IL-6 and Chronic Inflammation. Arthritis Research amd Therapy,
8(2), pp. 1-6.
Guntur, 2008. Immunnopatobiologik sepsis dan penatalaksanaannya. s.l.:FK UNS
Sebelas Maret University Press.
Hatherill M., Tibby SM., Sykes K., Turner C., Murdoch.,: Diagnostic markers of
infection: comparison of procalcitonin with C reactive protein and leucocyte count.
Arch Dis Child,1999, 81:417–21.
Hazzard, W., 1999. Principles of geriatric medicine and gerontology. fourth penyunt.
USA: McGraw-Hill.
Herzum & Renz, H., 2008. Inflammatory markers in SIRS, Sepsis and septic shock.
Hubacek, J. et al., 2001. Gene Variants of the bactericidal/permeability increasing
protein and lypopolysacchararide binding protein in sepsis patients: gender spesific
genetic predisposition to sepsis. Crit Care Med, Volume 29, pp. 557-61.
Jekarl, D. W. et al.,2013. Procalcitonin as a diagnostic marker and IL-6 as a
prognostic marker for sepsis.
Jones, S., Richard, P., Scheller, J. & Rose-John, S., 2005. IL-6 transsignaling: the in
vivo consequences. J Interferon Cytokine Res, Volume 25, pp. 241-53.
67
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Kaplanski, G. et al., 2003. IL-6: a regulator of the transition from neutrophil to
monocyte recruitment during inflammation. Trends Immunol, Volume 24, pp. 25-9.
Kaptanoglu B. Usefulness of procalcitonin for diagnosis of sepsis in the intensive
care unit. Crit Care 2003;7:85 – 90
Bell K, Wattie M, Byth K, Silvestrini R, Clark P, Stachowski E, et al. Procalcitonin: a
marker of bacteraemia in SIRS.Anaesth Intensive Care 2003;31:629 – 36.
Keputusan
Menteri
Kesehatan
Republik
Indonesia
Nomor
1778/MENKES/SK/XII/2010. Pedoman Penyelenggaraan Pelayanan Intensive Care
Unit (ICU) di Rumah Sakit.
Kitanovski, L., Jazbec, J., Hojker, S. & Dergnac, M., 2014. Diagnostic accuracy of
lipopolysaccharide-binding protein for predicting bacterimia/clinical sepsis in children
with febrile neutropenia: comparison with interleukin-6, procalcitonin and C-reactive
protein.
Klaus Tschaikowsky MDa, Monika Hedwig-Geissing PhD, Giovanni G. Braun MD,
Martin Radespiel-Troeger PhD. Predictive value of procalcitonin, interleukin-6, and
C-reactive protein for survival in postoperativepatients with severe sepsis.
Department of Anesthesiology, University of Erlangen-Nuernberg, Erlangen D91054, Germany. Population-based cancer registry Bavaria-Registration office,
Erlangen, Germany 2011.
Kuperman EF, Showalter JW, Lehman EB, et al. The impact of obesity on sepsis
mortality: a retrospective review. BMC Infectious Diseases. 2013. 13:377. [Internet].
[cited 2013] Available from: http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2334/13/377
LaRosa SP. Cleveland Clinic disease management project: Sepsis. [internet].
[updated
2013;
cited
2014
Feb
7].
Available
from:
http://www.clevelandclinicmeded.com/medicalpubs/diseasemanagement/infectiousdisease/sepsis/
68
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Levy MM, Fink MP, Marshall JC, Abraham E, et al. 2001 SCCM/ ESICM/ ACCP/
ATS/ SIS International Sepsis Definition Conference. Crit care med. 2003. 31: 1560
– 1567.
Lopez FR, Jimenes AE, Tobon GC, Mote JD, Farias ON. Procalcitonin (PCT), C
reactive protein (CRP) and its correlation with severity in early sepsis. Clin. Rev.
Opinions. 2011; 3:26-31
Maja Pavcnik-Arnol, Sergej Hojker. Metka Derganc. Lipopolysaccharide-binding
protein in critically ill neonates and children with suspected infection: comparison
with procalcitonin, interleukin-6, and C-reactive protein 2004
Marin V, Montero-Julian FA, Gres S, Boulay V, Bongrand P, Farnarier C, et al. 2001
The IL-6/soluble IL-6Ra autocrine loop of endothelial activation as an intermediate
between acute and chronic inflammation: an experimental model involving thrombin.
J Immunol; 167:3435-42.
Martin GS, Mannino DM, Eaton S and Moss M. The epidemiology of sepsis in the
United States from 1979 through 2000. N Engl J Med, [internet] [cited 2016 feb 16 ;
348: 1546-1554], available from : PubMed, 2003
Meisner M. PCT, Procalcitonin — a new, innovative infection parameter. Berlin:
B.R.A.H.M.S.-Diagnostica, 1996.
Meisner M, and Reinhart K. Diagnosis of Sepsis : The Role of Parameters of The
Inflammatory Respons. NVIC Monitor. 2001; 5.5: 41- 42.
Michael Meisner1, Klaus Tschaikowsky, Stephan Schnabel1, Joachim Schmidt1,
Alexander Katalinic and Jürgen Schattier., 1997.Procalcitonin — Influence of
Temperature, Storage, Anticoagulation and
Arterial or Venous Asservation of Blood Samples on Procalcitonin
Concentrations.
69
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Mohammad
Naffaa,MD,
BadiraF.Makhoul,MD,
AmjadTobia,MD,
Marielle
Kaplan,PhD, Doron Aronson,MD, ZaherS.Azzam,MD., 2014. Procalcitonin and
interleukin 6 for predicting blood culture positivity in sepsis.
Mokart, D. et al., 2005. Procalcitonin, IL-6 and Systemic inflamatory response
syndrome (SIRS): early markers of postoperative sepsis after major surgery.
National health service United Kingdom. Chemotherapy [Internet]. [cited 2014 feb
18].
Available
from:
http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/chemotherapy/Pages/Definition.aspx
PERDACI (Perhimpunan Dokter Intensive Care Indonesia). Penatalaksanaan Sepsis
dan Syok Septik : Surviving Sepsis Campaign Bundle, September 2014 ; 1- 24
Prayogo B W. Hubungan antara faktor resiko sepsis dengan kejadian sepsis dan
septik syok di dept/ SMF obstetri dan ginekologi.[Internet ,2010] [update 2012 Apr
17; cited 2013 Desember 10]. Avaliable from:
http://rsudsoetomo.jatimprov.go.id/id/index.php?Option=comntent&view=article&id=5
54:hubungan-antara-faktor-
resiko-sepsis-dengan-kejadian-sepsis-berat-dan-syok-
sepsis-di-deptsmf-obstetri-dan-ginekologi&catid=57:abstrak-penelitian&itemid=76
Prihartini, B., 2006. Diagnosis Sepsis Menggunakan Prokalsitonin. Volume 12, pp.
131-7.
Pudjiastuti. Imunoglobulin Intravena pada Anak dan Bayi dengan Sepsis. Kumpulan
Makalah. National Symposium: the 2nd Indonesian Sepsis Forum. Surakarta, March
2008; 7-9 pp:100
Raija Uusitalo-Seppälä, Pertti Koskinen, Aila Leino, Heikki Peuravuori, Tero
Vahlberg & Esa M. Rintala., 2014. Early detection of severe sepsis in the emergency
room: Diagnostic value of plasma C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, and interleukin-6,
Scandinavian.Journal of Infectious Diseases, 43:11-12, 883-890
Reith, H. B., Mittelkotter, U. M., Wagner, R. & Thiede, A., 2000. PCT in patients with
abdominal sepsis.
ROn, D. & Tim, N., 2010. ABC of Sepsis. first penyunt. s.l.:Wiley-Blackwell.
70
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Ronco C, Bellomo R, Brendolan A, in Sepsis, Kidney and Multiple Organ
Dysfunction, Karger, 2004 Russell JA, in Management of Sepsis; NEJM; 2006; 355:
1699-713
Runge MS, Greganti MA. Netter’s Internal Medicine. 2nd ed. Philadelphia USA:
Saunders Elsevier; 2009. p. 644-9
Sastre JBL, Solis DP, Serradilla VR, Colomer BF, Cotallo GDC, Castrillo GH.
Evaluation of procalcitonin for diagnosis of neonatal sepsis of vertical transmission.
BMC Pediatr. 2007; 7:1-9
Russell JA, in Management of Sepsis; NEJM; 2006; 355: 1699-713
Schrag, B. et al., 2012. Evaluation of C-Reactive protein,procalsitonin, TNF alpha,
IL-6 and IL-8 as diagnostic paramteres in cepsis Related fatalities.
Shen HN, Lu CL, Yang HH. 2010 Aug – Epidemiologic trend of severe sepsis in
Taiwan from 1997 through 2006. Chest 2010: 138 ;(2) 298 – 304
Tang B, Eslick G, Craig J, et al. Accuracy of procalcitonin for sepsis diagnosis in
critically ill patients: systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Infect Dis.
2007;7:210–7.
Viallon A, Guyomarch P, Tardy B, Robert F, Marjolllet O, Caricajo A. Decrease in
serum procalcitonin levels over time during treatment of bacterial meningitis. Crit
Care Med. 2005; 9:R344-R350
Vincent JL SY, Sprung CL, Ranieri VM, Reinhart K, Gerlach H, et al. Sepsis in
European intensive care units: results of the SOAP study. Crit Care Med
2006;34(2):344-53.
V. Sugitharini • A. Prema • E. Berla Thangam. Inflammatory mediators of systemic
inflammation in neonatal sepsis. 2013.
WalidSaliba,MDMPH., 2014. Procalcitonin and interleukin 6 for predicting blood
culture positivity in sepsis. Internal Medicine C, Ha'emek Medical Center, Afula,
Israel
71
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Wong, H. R. et al., 2015. Comparing the prognostic performance of ASSIST to
interleukin-6 and procalcitonin in patients with severe sepsis or septic shock.
Wunder, c., Eichelbronner, O. & Roewer, N., 2004. Are IL-6, IL-10 and PCT plasma
concentrations reliable for outcome prediction in severe sepsis? A comparison with
APACHE III and SAPS II. Klinik und Poliklinik fur Anasthesiologie.
Yamaoka Y, Kita M, Kodama Y, Sawai N, Imanishi J. Helicobacter pylori cagA gene
and expression of cytokine messenger RNA in gastric mucosa. Gastroenterology.
1996; 110:1744-52.
Yongzhen Zhao MM, Chunsheng Li MD, Yumei Jia MM. Evaluation of the Mortality in
Emergency Department Sepsis score combined with procalcitonin in septic patients.
China 2013.
72
Universitas Sumatera Utara