Hubungan Faktor Risiko Kematian Neonatus Dengan Kejadian Kematian Neonatus Di Rsud Ferdinand Lumban Tobing Sibolga Tahun 2011-2014
ii
ABSTRAK
Kematian neonatal adalah jumlah bayi lahir hidup yang meninggal dalam 28
hari pertama kehidupannya. Kematian neonatal dapat dibagi menjadi kematian
neonatal dini dan kematian neonatal lanjut. kematian neonatal dini adalah jumlah
bayi yang dilahirkan dalam keadaan hidup namun kemudian meninggal dalam 7 hari
pertama kehidupannya. Kematian neonatal lanjut adalah jumlah bayi lahir hidup
yang meninggal pada rentang waktu antara 7 hingga 28 hari.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa faktor risiko kematian neonatus.
Berdasarkan laporan SDKI 2007 dan 2012 angka kematian neonatus diestimasikan
sebesar 19 per 1.000 KH. Kematian neonatus menyumbang lebih dari setengah dari
kematian bayi (59,4%), sedangkan jika dibandingkan dengan angka kematian balita,
kematian neonatus menyumbangkan 47,5%. Kematian neonatus atau bayi berumur
0-28 hari di Indonesia masih cukup tinggi yaitu 48%, dimana kematian tertinggi ada
pada umur 0 hari, diikuti hari pertama dan hari kedua sesudah kelahiran bayi.
Kematian neonatus di Indonesia dikarenakan prematuritas (44%), asfiksia (21%),
kelainan kongenital (13%), sepsis dan keadaan infeksi lainnya (11%), pneumonia
(4%), diarrhea (1%), penyakit lainnya (6%), non communicable disease (1%).
Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik observasional dengan
menggunakan desain case control study yang dilakukan di RSUD. Ferdinand
Lumban Tobing Sibolga. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui analisis pada 110 data
rekam medis, 55 data rekam medis pada kelompok kasus dilakukan pengambilan
sampel menggunakan teknik non-probability sampling jenis consecutive sampling
dan 55 data rekam medis pada kelompok kontrol dilakukan pengambilan sampel
menggunakan teknik non-probability sampling jenis purposive sampling. Hasil
penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa faktor risiko kematian neonatus pada tahun
Januari 2011- Desember 2014 adalah kelainan kongenital (OR = 12), asfiksia
neonatorum (OR = 5,4), sepsis neonatirum (OR = 4,667), tempat melahirkan (OR =
1,952), umur ibu (OR = 1,917), paritas ibu (OR = 1,569), bantuan melahirkan (OR =
0,461) dan berat badan lahir rendah (OR = 0,279).
Kata kunci : kematian neonatal, faktor risiko, analisis
iii
ABSTRACT
Neonatal death is the number of live-born infants who died within the first 28
days of life. Neonatal deaths can be divided into early neonatal death and late
neonatal death. Early neonatal death is occurred in the first weeks of a neonatal’s
life. Therefore, early neonatal death is the number of neonatal born-alive but died
within the first 7 days of life. Late neonatal death is the number of live-born neonatal
who died in the time between 7 to 28 days.
The purpose of this study is to analyze risk factor of neonatal death. Based on
the report SDKI 2007 and 2012 neonatal mortality rate was estimated at 19 of 1.000
live births. Neonatal mortality gives for more than half of infants deaths (59.4%),
while compared children under-five (toddler) mortality, neonatal death contributed
47.5%. Neonatal death in Indonesia is still high at 48%, with the highest mortality is
in the age of 0 days, followed by the first day and the second day after birth.
Neonatal deaths in Indonesia usually because of prematurity (44%), asphyxia (21%),
congenital anomalies (13%), sepsis and circumstances other infections (11%),
pneumonia (4%), diarrhea (1%), other diseases (6 %), non-communicable disease
(1%).
This study is an observational analytic design using case control study
conducted in Hospital of Ferdinand Lumban Tobing Sibolga. Data was obtained
through the analysis of 110 medical records, 55 medical records in the case group
are taken by using non-probability sampling types consecutive sampling and 55
medical records in the control group are taken by using non-probability sampling
type of purposive sampling , Results of this study showed that risk factors for
neonatal death in January 2011- December 2014 are congenital anomalies (OR =
12), neonatal asphyxia (OR = 5.4), sepsis neonatorum (OR = 4.667), place of birth
(OR = 1.952) , maternal age (OR = 1.917), maternal parity (OR = 1.569), assisted
delivery (OR = 0.461) and low birth weight (OR = 0.279).
key words
: neonatal deaths, risk factors, analytic
ABSTRAK
Kematian neonatal adalah jumlah bayi lahir hidup yang meninggal dalam 28
hari pertama kehidupannya. Kematian neonatal dapat dibagi menjadi kematian
neonatal dini dan kematian neonatal lanjut. kematian neonatal dini adalah jumlah
bayi yang dilahirkan dalam keadaan hidup namun kemudian meninggal dalam 7 hari
pertama kehidupannya. Kematian neonatal lanjut adalah jumlah bayi lahir hidup
yang meninggal pada rentang waktu antara 7 hingga 28 hari.
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa faktor risiko kematian neonatus.
Berdasarkan laporan SDKI 2007 dan 2012 angka kematian neonatus diestimasikan
sebesar 19 per 1.000 KH. Kematian neonatus menyumbang lebih dari setengah dari
kematian bayi (59,4%), sedangkan jika dibandingkan dengan angka kematian balita,
kematian neonatus menyumbangkan 47,5%. Kematian neonatus atau bayi berumur
0-28 hari di Indonesia masih cukup tinggi yaitu 48%, dimana kematian tertinggi ada
pada umur 0 hari, diikuti hari pertama dan hari kedua sesudah kelahiran bayi.
Kematian neonatus di Indonesia dikarenakan prematuritas (44%), asfiksia (21%),
kelainan kongenital (13%), sepsis dan keadaan infeksi lainnya (11%), pneumonia
(4%), diarrhea (1%), penyakit lainnya (6%), non communicable disease (1%).
Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik observasional dengan
menggunakan desain case control study yang dilakukan di RSUD. Ferdinand
Lumban Tobing Sibolga. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui analisis pada 110 data
rekam medis, 55 data rekam medis pada kelompok kasus dilakukan pengambilan
sampel menggunakan teknik non-probability sampling jenis consecutive sampling
dan 55 data rekam medis pada kelompok kontrol dilakukan pengambilan sampel
menggunakan teknik non-probability sampling jenis purposive sampling. Hasil
penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa faktor risiko kematian neonatus pada tahun
Januari 2011- Desember 2014 adalah kelainan kongenital (OR = 12), asfiksia
neonatorum (OR = 5,4), sepsis neonatirum (OR = 4,667), tempat melahirkan (OR =
1,952), umur ibu (OR = 1,917), paritas ibu (OR = 1,569), bantuan melahirkan (OR =
0,461) dan berat badan lahir rendah (OR = 0,279).
Kata kunci : kematian neonatal, faktor risiko, analisis
iii
ABSTRACT
Neonatal death is the number of live-born infants who died within the first 28
days of life. Neonatal deaths can be divided into early neonatal death and late
neonatal death. Early neonatal death is occurred in the first weeks of a neonatal’s
life. Therefore, early neonatal death is the number of neonatal born-alive but died
within the first 7 days of life. Late neonatal death is the number of live-born neonatal
who died in the time between 7 to 28 days.
The purpose of this study is to analyze risk factor of neonatal death. Based on
the report SDKI 2007 and 2012 neonatal mortality rate was estimated at 19 of 1.000
live births. Neonatal mortality gives for more than half of infants deaths (59.4%),
while compared children under-five (toddler) mortality, neonatal death contributed
47.5%. Neonatal death in Indonesia is still high at 48%, with the highest mortality is
in the age of 0 days, followed by the first day and the second day after birth.
Neonatal deaths in Indonesia usually because of prematurity (44%), asphyxia (21%),
congenital anomalies (13%), sepsis and circumstances other infections (11%),
pneumonia (4%), diarrhea (1%), other diseases (6 %), non-communicable disease
(1%).
This study is an observational analytic design using case control study
conducted in Hospital of Ferdinand Lumban Tobing Sibolga. Data was obtained
through the analysis of 110 medical records, 55 medical records in the case group
are taken by using non-probability sampling types consecutive sampling and 55
medical records in the control group are taken by using non-probability sampling
type of purposive sampling , Results of this study showed that risk factors for
neonatal death in January 2011- December 2014 are congenital anomalies (OR =
12), neonatal asphyxia (OR = 5.4), sepsis neonatorum (OR = 4.667), place of birth
(OR = 1.952) , maternal age (OR = 1.917), maternal parity (OR = 1.569), assisted
delivery (OR = 0.461) and low birth weight (OR = 0.279).
key words
: neonatal deaths, risk factors, analytic