Formulasi Dan Uji Sediaan Gel Ekstrak Ganggang Merah (Kappaphycus Alvarezii) Sebagai Anti-Aging
Lampiran 1. Surat LIPI
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Lampiran 2. Bagan Pembuatan Ekstrak
Ganggang Merah (Kappaphycus alvarezii)
Dicuci, ditiriskan, dan ditimbang
sebagai berat basah
Dikeringkan dalam lemari pengering
Simplisia
Ditimbang berat kering
Dihaluskan
Serbuk simplisia
Karakterisasi simplisia
− Makroskopik
− Mikroskopik
− Kadar air
− Penetapan kadar sari
yang larut dalam air
− Penetapan kadar sari
yang larut dalam
etanol
− Penetapan kadar abu
total
− Penetapan kadar abu
yang tidak larut
dalam asam
Diperkolasi
etanol 96%
dengan
Perkolat
Diuapkan
dengan
rotary evaporator
Ekstrak
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Lampiran 3. Bagan Formulasi Sediaan
Bahan-bahan
- Ditimbang
- Didihkan aquades
- Dikembangkan
carbomer di
dalamnya 15 menit
(M1)
- Dicampurkan
pengawet, propilen
glikol dan TEA
- Dihomogenkan
(M2)
- Dimasukkan M2 ke dalam lumpang
berisi M1
- Digerus homogen
- Ditambahkan sisa air suling
Dasar Gel
- Dimasukkan ekstrak
- Digerus homogen
- Ditambahkan parfum
- Digerus homogen
- Dimasukkan ke dalam wadah
Sediaan Gel Anti-Aging
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Lampiran 4. Contoh Surat Pernyataan Sukarelawan
SURAT PERNYATAAN PERSETUJUAN IKUT SERTA
DALAM PENELITIAN
Saya yang bertanda tangan dibawah ini
Nama lengkap :
Umur
:
Alamat
:
Telah mendapat penjelasan secukupnya bahwa wajah saya akan digunakan
sebagai daerah yang akan diuji. Setelah mendapat penjelasan secukupnya tentang
manfaat penelitian ini maka saya menyatakan SETUJU untuk ikut serta dalam
penelitian NINDA NISIA FATWA dengan judul “FORMULASI DAN UJI
SEDIAAN
GEL
EKSTRAK
GANGGANG
MERAH
(Kappaphycus
alvarezii)SEBAGAI ANTI AGING”, sebagai usaha untuk mengetahui apakah
sediaan gel yang dihasilkan mampu memberikan efek anti penuaan. Saya
menyatakan sukarela dan bersedia untuk mengikuti prosedur penelitian yang telah
ditetapkan.
Persetujuan ini saya buat dengan penuh kesadaran dan tanpa paksaan
dari pihak manapun. Demikian surat pernyataan ini dibuat untuk dapat
dipergunakan sebagaimana mestinya.
Medan,
Januari2017
Sukarelawan
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Nama lengkap
NIM
Lampiran 5. Gambar ganggang merah (Kappaphycus alvarezii) segar, simplisia
dan serbuk kasar simplisia
Gambar ganggang merah segar
Simplisia ganggang merah
(Kappaphycus alvarezii)
Serbuk kasar simplisia ganggang
merah (Kappaphycus alvarezii)
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Lampiran 6. Gambar ekstrak Ganggang Merah (Kappaphycus alvarezii) dan
gambar hasil pemeriksaan mikroskopik serbuk simplisia
Ekstrak gangggang merah
Hasil Pemeriksaan Mikroskopik Serbuk Simplisia
Ganggang Merah(Kappaphycus alvarezii)
Keterangan :
1. Parenkim berisi pigmen merah
2. Parenkim bagian pinggir
3. Propagule
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Lampiran 7. Perhitungan Pemeriksaan Karakteristik Serbuk Simplisia Ganggang
Merah (Kappaphycus alvarezii)
1. Perhitungan Kadar AirSerbuk Simplisia Ganggang Merah Kappaphycus
alvarezii
% Kadar air simplisia =
No.
1.
2.
3.
volume air (ml)
x 100%
berat sampel (g)
Berat sampel (g)
5,0920
5,0800
5,0860
Volume awal (ml)
2,25
2,65
3,05
1. Kadar air =
2,25 - 1,85
x 100% = 7,86%
5,0920
2. Kadar air =
2,65 - 2,25
x 100% = 7,87%
5,0800
3. Kadar air =
3,05 - 2,65
x 100% = 7,86%
5,0860
% Rata-rata kadar air =
Volume akhir (ml)
1,85
2,25
2,65
7,86% + 7,87% + 7,86%
= 7,86%
3
2. Perhitungan Kadar Sari Larut dalam Air
% Kadar Sari Larut dalam Air =
No.
1.
2.
3.
Berat Sampel (g)
5,0018
5,0018
5,0018
berat sari (g)
100
×
× 100%
berat sampel (g) 20
Berat Sari (g)
0,3000
0,3100
0,3000
Universitas Sumatera Utara
1. Kadar Sari Larut dalam Air =
0,3 100
×
× 100% = 29,9892%
5,0018 20
2. Kadar Sari Larut dalam Air =
0,31 100
×
× 100% = 30,9888%
5,0018 20
3. Kadar Sari Larut dalam Air =
0,3 100
×
× 100% = 29,9892%
5,0018 20
% Rata-rata Kadar Sari Larut Air =
29,9892% + 30,9888% + 29,9892%
3
= 30,3224%
3. Perhitungan Kadar Sari Simplisia Larut dalam Etanol
% Kadar Sari Larut dalam Etanol =
No.
1.
2.
3.
berat sari (g)
100
×
× 100%
berat sampel (g) 20
Berat Sampel (g)
5,0018
5,0018
5,0018
Berat Sari (g)
0,1100
0,1000
0,1000
1. Kadar Sari Larut dalam Etanol =
0,11 100
×
× 100% = 10,9960%
5,0018 20
2. Kadar Sari Larut dalam Etanol =
0,10 100
×
× 100% = 9,9964%
5,0018 20
3. Kadar Sari Larut dalam Etanol =
0,10 100
×
× 100% = 9,9964%
5,0018 20
% Rata-rata Kadar Sari Larut Etanol =
10,9960% + 9,9964% + 9,9964%
3
= 10,3296%
Universitas Sumatera Utara
4. Perhitungan Kadar Abu Total Simplisia
% Kadar Abu Total =
No.
1.
2.
3.
berat abu (g)
× 100%
berat sampel (g)
Berat Sampel (g)
2,0210
2,0211
2,0148
Berat Abu (g)
0,3743
0,3670
0,3575
1. Kadar Abu Total =
0,3743
× 100% = 18,5205%
2,0210
2. Kadar Abu Total =
0,3670
× 100% = 18,1584%
2,0211
3. Kadar Abu Total =
0,3575
× 100% = 17,7437%
2,0148
% Rata-rata Kadar Abu Total =
18,5205% + 18,1584% + 17,7437%
= 18,1409%
3
5. Perhitungan Kadar Abu Simplisia Tidak Larut dalam Asam
% Kadar Abu Tidak Larut dalam Asam =
No.
1.
2.
3.
Berat Sampel (g)
2,0210
2,0211
2,0148
berat abu (g)
× 100%
berat sampel (g)
Berat Abu (g)
0,0115
0,0112
0,0108
Universitas Sumatera Utara
1. Kadar Abu Tidak Larut dalam Asam =
0,0115
× 100% = 0,5690%
2,0210
2. Kadar Abu Tidak Larut dalam Asam =
0,0112
× 100% = 0,5542%
2,0211
3. Kadar Abu Tidak Larut dalam Asam =
0,0108
× 100% = 0,5360%
2,0148
% Rata-rata Kadar Abu Tidak Larut Asam
=
0,5690% + 0,5542% + 0,5360%
3
= 0,5531%
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Lampiran 8. Gambar sediaan gel setelah selesai dibuat dan setelah 90 hari dan
Gambar hasil pengujian homogenitas sediaan
Setelah Dibuat
Blanko
1%
1,5%
2%
2,5%
Setelah Penyimpanan 90 Hari
Blanko
1%
1,5%
2%
2,5%
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Gambar uji homogenitas sediaan
Lampiran 9. Gambar alat-alat yang digunakan
pH Meter
Timbangan
Viscometer Brookfield
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Skin Analyzer
Moisture Checker
Lampiran 10. Hasil Pemakaian Gel Ekstrak Ganggang Merah 2,5%
1. Kadar Air (Moisture)
Kondisi Awal
Pemakaian Minggu I
Pemakaian Minggu II
Pemakaian Minggu III
Pemakaian Minggu IV
Universitas Sumatera Utara
2. Pori (Pore)
Kondisi Awal
Pemakaian Minggu I
Pemakaian Minggu II
Pemakaian Minggu III
Pemakaian Minggu IV
Universitas Sumatera Utara
3. Noda (Spot)
Kondisi Awal
Pemakaian Minggu I
Pemakaian Minggu II
Pemakaian Minggu III
Pemakaian Minggu IV
Universitas Sumatera Utara
4. Keriput (Wrinkle)
Kondisi Awal
Pemakaian Minggu I
Pemakaian Minggu II
Pemakaian Minggu III
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Pemakaian Minggu IV
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Lampiran 11. Data Statistik
Data Statistik Kadar Air
Tests of Normality
Kolmogorov-Smirnova
Kelompok
M0
M1
M2
M3
M4
Statistic
df
Sig.
Shapiro-Wilk
Statistic
df
Sig.
blanko
,385
3 .
,750
3
,000
Formula 1
,385
3 .
,750
3
,000
Formula 2
,175
3 .
1,000
3
1,000
Formula 3
,385
3 .
,750
3
,000
Formula 4
,175
3 .
1,000
3
1,000
blanko
,175
3 .
1,000
3
1,000
Formula 1
,385
3 .
,750
3
,000
Formula 2
,385
3 .
,750
3
,000
Formula 3
,253
3 .
,964
3
,637
Formula 4
,385
3 .
,750
3
,000
blanko
,385
3 .
,750
3
,000
Formula 1
,175
3 .
1,000
3
1,000
Formula 2
,385
3 .
,750
3
,000
Formula 3
,253
3 .
,964
3
,637
Formula 4
,385
3 .
,750
3
,000
blanko
,385
3 .
,750
3
,000
Formula 1
,175
3 .
1,000
3
1,000
Formula 2
,385
3 .
,750
3
,000
Formula 3
,175
3 .
1,000
3
1,000
Formula 4
,175
3 .
1,000
3
1,000
blanko
,175
3 .
1,000
3
1,000
Formula 1
,385
3 .
,750
3
,000
Formula 2
,385
3 .
,750
3
,000
Formula 3
,385
3 .
,750
3
,000
Formula 4
,385
3 .
,750
3
,000
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Tests of Normality
a
Kolmogorov-Smirnov
Kelompok
M0
M1
M2
M3
M4
Statistic
df
Shapiro-Wilk
Sig.
Statistic
df
Sig.
blanko
,385
3 .
,750
3
,000
Formula 1
,385
3 .
,750
3
,000
Formula 2
,175
3 .
1,000
3
1,000
Formula 3
,385
3 .
,750
3
,000
Formula 4
,175
3 .
1,000
3
1,000
blanko
,175
3 .
1,000
3
1,000
Formula 1
,385
3 .
,750
3
,000
Formula 2
,385
3 .
,750
3
,000
Formula 3
,253
3 .
,964
3
,637
Formula 4
,385
3 .
,750
3
,000
blanko
,385
3 .
,750
3
,000
Formula 1
,175
3 .
1,000
3
1,000
Formula 2
,385
3 .
,750
3
,000
Formula 3
,253
3 .
,964
3
,637
Formula 4
,385
3 .
,750
3
,000
blanko
,385
3 .
,750
3
,000
Formula 1
,175
3 .
1,000
3
1,000
Formula 2
,385
3 .
,750
3
,000
Formula 3
,175
3 .
1,000
3
1,000
Formula 4
,175
3 .
1,000
3
1,000
blanko
,175
3 .
1,000
3
1,000
Formula 1
,385
3 .
,750
3
,000
Formula 2
,385
3 .
,750
3
,000
Formula 3
,385
3 .
,750
3
,000
Formula 4
,385
3 .
,750
3
,000
a. Lilliefors Significance Correction
Kruskal-Wallis Test
a,b
Test Statistics
M0
M1
M2
M3
M4
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Chi-Square
1,698
11,526
11,978
12,757
13,264
4
4
4
4
4
,791
,021
,018
,013
,010
M2
M3
df
Asymp. Sig.
a. Kruskal Wallis Test
b. Grouping Variable: Kelompok
Mann-Whitney Test
Gel 1% - Gel 1,5%
b
Test Statistics
M0
M1
M4
Mann-Whitney U
3,000
1,000
,500
1,000
,000
Wilcoxon W
9,000
7,000
6,500
7,000
6,000
Z
-,696
-1,650
-1,798
-1,623
-2,023
,487
,099
,072
,105
,043
a
a
a
a
Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed)
Exact Sig. [2*(1-tailed Sig.)]
,700
,200
,100
,200
a
,100
a. Not corrected for ties.
b. Grouping Variable: Kelompok
Gel 1% - Gel 2%
Test Statisticsb
M0
Mann-Whitney U
Wilcoxon W
Z
Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed)
Exact Sig. [2*(1-tailed Sig.)]
M1
M2
M3
M4
4,000
2,000
,500
,000
,000
10,000
8,000
6,500
6,000
6,000
-,225
-1,159
-1,771
-1,964
-2,023
,822
,246
,077
,050
,043
a
a
a
a
,100a
1,000
,400
,100
,100
a. Not corrected for ties.
b. Grouping Variable: Kelompok
Gel 1% - Gel 2,5%
b
Test Statistics
M0
M1
M2
M3
M4
Mann-Whitney U
3,500
,000
,000
,000
,000
Wilcoxon W
9,500
6,000
6,000
6,000
6,000
Z
-,471
-2,023
-1,993
-1,964
-2,023
,637
,043
,046
,050
,043
a
a
a
a
,100a
Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed)
Exact Sig. [2*(1-tailed Sig.)]
,700
,100
,100
,100
a. Not corrected for ties.
b. Grouping Variable: Kelompok
Gel 1,5% - Gel 2%
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Test Statisticsb
M0
M1
M2
M3
M4
Mann-Whitney U
3,500
3,500
3,500
,500
,500
Wilcoxon W
9,500
9,500
9,500
6,500
6,500
Z
-,471
-,449
-,471
-1,798
-1,826
,637
,653
,637
,072
,068
a
a
a
a
,100a
Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed)
Exact Sig. [2*(1-tailed Sig.)]
,700
,700
,700
,100
a. Not corrected for ties.
b. Grouping Variable: Kelompok
Gel 1,5% - Gel 2,5%
Test Statisticsb
M0
M1
M2
M3
M4
Mann-Whitney U
2,000
,000
,000
,000
,000
Wilcoxon W
8,000
6,000
6,000
6,000
6,000
-1,124
-2,023
-2,023
-1,993
-2,023
,261
,043
,043
,046
,043
a
a
a
a
,100a
Z
Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed)
Exact Sig. [2*(1-tailed Sig.)]
,400
,100
,100
,100
a. Not corrected for ties.
b. Grouping Variable: Kelompok
Gel 2% - Gel 2,5%
Test Statisticsb
M0
M1
M2
M3
M4
Mann-Whitney U
3,000
1,000
2,000
2,000
1,000
Wilcoxon W
9,000
7,000
8,000
8,000
7,000
Z
-,696
-1,623
-1,159
-1,124
-1,650
,487
,105
,246
,261
,099
a
a
a
a
,200a
Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed)
Exact Sig. [2*(1-tailed Sig.)]
,700
,200
,400
,400
a. Not corrected for ties.
b. Grouping Variable: Kelompok
Data Statistik Pori
b
Tests of Normality
Kelomp
ok
M0
Kolmogorov-Smirnova
Statistic
df
Shapiro-Wilk
Sig.
Statistic
df
Sig.
F0
.385
3
.
.750
3
.000
F1
.175
3
.
1.000
3
1.000
Universitas Sumatera Utara
M1
M2
M3
M4
F2
.253
3
.
.964
3
.637
F3
.385
3
.
.750
3
.000
F4
.253
3
.
.964
3
.637
F0
.385
3
.
.750
3
.000
F1
.253
3
.
.964
3
.637
F2
.253
3
.
.964
3
.637
F3
.385
3
.
.750
3
.000
F4
.175
3
.
1.000
3
1.000
F0
.253
3
.
.964
3
.637
F1
.253
3
.
.964
3
.637
F2
.175
3
.
1.000
3
1.000
F3
.385
3
.
.750
3
.000
F4
.292
3
.
.923
3
.463
F0
.385
3
.
.750
3
.000
F1
.385
3
.
.750
3
.000
F3
.175
3
.
1.000
3
1.000
F4
.292
3
.
.923
3
.463
F0
.385
3
.
.750
3
.000
F1
.385
3
.
.750
3
.000
F2
.175
3
.
1.000
3
1.000
F3
.253
3
.
.964
3
.637
F4
.385
3
.
.750
3
.000
a. Lilliefors Significance Correction
b. M3 is constant when Kelompok = F2. It has been omitted.
Kruskal-Wallis Test
Test Statisticsa,b
M0
Chi-Square
df
Asymp. Sig.
M1
M2
M3
M4
1.323
1.304
4.104
10.601
12.350
4
4
4
4
4
.858
.861
.392
.031
.015
a. Kruskal Wallis Test
b. Grouping Variable: Kelompok
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Mann-Whitney Test
Gel 1% - Gel 1,5%
Test Statisticsb
M0
M1
M2
M3
M4
Mann-Whitney U
3.000
2.500
2.000
.000
.000
Wilcoxon W
9.000
8.500
8.000
6.000
6.000
Z
-.674
-.886
-1.124
-2.121
-1.993
.500
.376
.261
.034
.046
.700a
.400a
.400a
.100a
.100a
Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed)
Exact Sig. [2*(1-tailed Sig.)]
a. Not corrected for ties.
b. Grouping Variable: Kelompok
Gel 1% - Gel 2%
Test Statisticsb
M0
Mann-Whitney U
Wilcoxon W
Z
Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed)
Exact Sig. [2*(1-tailed Sig.)]
M1
M2
M3
M4
4.000
2.500
3.500
1.000
.000
10.000
8.500
9.500
7.000
6.000
-.232
-.943
-.471
-1.623
-1.993
.817
.346
.637
.105
.046
a
1.000
a
.400
a
.700
a
.200
a
.100
a. Not corrected for ties.
b. Grouping Variable: Kelompok
Gel 1% - Gel 2,5%
Test Statisticsb
M0
M1
M2
M3
M4
Mann-Whitney U
3.000
3.000
1.500
.000
.000
Wilcoxon W
9.000
9.000
7.500
6.000
6.000
Z
-.674
-.674
-1.328
-1.993
-2.023
.500
.500
.184
.046
.043
a
a
a
a
.100a
Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed)
Exact Sig. [2*(1-tailed Sig.)]
.700
.700
.200
.100
a. Not corrected for ties.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Test Statisticsb
M0
M1
M2
M3
M4
Mann-Whitney U
3.000
3.000
1.500
.000
.000
Wilcoxon W
9.000
9.000
7.500
6.000
6.000
Z
-.674
-.674
-1.328
-1.993
-2.023
.500
.500
.184
.046
.043
.700a
.700a
.200a
.100a
.100a
Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed)
Exact Sig. [2*(1-tailed Sig.)]
a. Not corrected for ties.
b. Grouping Variable: Kelompok
Gel 1,5% - Gel 2%
Test Statisticsb
M0
M1
M2
M3
M4
Mann-Whitney U
3.500
4.000
2.500
4.500
3.000
Wilcoxon W
9.500
10.000
8.500
10.500
9.000
Z
-.471
-.232
-.943
.000
-.674
.637
.817
.346
1.000
.500
.700a
1.000a
.400a
1.000a
.700a
Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed)
Exact Sig. [2*(1-tailed Sig.)]
a. Not corrected for ties.
b. Grouping Variable: Kelompok
Gel 1,5% - Gel 2,5%
Test Statisticsb
M0
Mann-Whitney U
Wilcoxon W
Z
Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed)
Exact Sig. [2*(1-tailed Sig.)]
M1
M2
M3
M4
4.500
4.500
2.500
1.500
.000
10.500
10.500
8.500
7.500
6.000
.000
.000
-.886
-1.549
-1.993
1.000
1.000
.376
.121
.046
1.000a
1.000a
.400a
.200a
.100a
a. Not corrected for ties.
b. Grouping Variable: Kelompok
Gel 2% - Gel 2,5%
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Test Statisticsb
M0
M1
M2
M3
M4
Mann-Whitney U
3.500
4.000
2.000
1.500
.500
Wilcoxon W
9.500
10.000
8.000
7.500
6.500
Z
-.471
-.232
-1.159
-1.328
-1.798
.637
.817
.246
.184
.072
.700a
1.000a
.400a
.200a
.100a
Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed)
Exact Sig. [2*(1-tailed Sig.)]
a. Not corrected for ties.
b. Grouping Variable: Kelompok
Data Statistik Noda
Tests of Normality
Kelomp
ok
M0
M1
M2
M3
Kolmogorov-Smirnova
Statistic
df
Shapiro-Wilk
Sig.
Statistic
df
Sig.
F0
.219
3
.
.987
3
.780
F1
.219
3
.
.987
3
.780
F2
.276
3
.
.942
3
.537
F3
.175
3
.
1.000
3
1.000
F4
.253
3
.
.964
3
.637
F0
.219
3
.
.987
3
.780
F1
.292
3
.
.923
3
.463
F2
.328
3
.
.871
3
.298
F3
.314
3
.
.893
3
.363
F4
.253
3
.
.964
3
.637
F0
.219
3
.
.987
3
.780
F1
.175
3
.
1.000
3
1.000
F2
.292
3
.
.923
3
.463
F3
.253
3
.
.964
3
.637
F4
.385
3
.
.750
3
.000
F0
.253
3
.
.964
3
.637
F1
.292
3
.
.923
3
.463
F2
.232
3
.
.980
3
.726
Universitas Sumatera Utara
M4
F3
.253
3
.
.964
3
.637
F4
.253
3
.
.964
3
.637
F0
.219
3
.
.987
3
.780
F1
.292
3
.
.923
3
.463
F2
.253
3
.
.964
3
.637
F3
.314
3
.
.893
3
.363
F4
.219
3
.
.987
3
.780
a. Lilliefors Significance Correction
Kruskal-Wallis Test
Test Statisticsa,b
M0
Chi-Square
M2
M3
M4
.940
5.107
6.276
7.470
9.443
4
4
4
4
4
.919
.276
.179
.113
.051
df
Asymp. Sig.
M1
a. Kruskal Wallis Test
b. Grouping Variable: Kelompok
Mann-Whitney Test
Gel 1% - Gel 1,5%
b
Test Statistics
M0
M1
M2
M3
M4
Mann-Whitney U
3.500
3.500
3.000
2.000
1.500
Wilcoxon W
9.500
9.500
9.000
8.000
7.500
Z
-.443
-.443
-.655
-1.091
-1.328
.658
.658
.513
.275
.184
Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed)
Exact Sig. [2*(1-tailed Sig.)]
a
.700
a
.700
a
.700
a
.400
a
.200
a. Not corrected for ties.
b. Grouping Variable: Kelompok
Gel 1% - Gel 2%
Test Statisticsb
Universitas Sumatera Utara
M0
Mann-Whitney U
Wilcoxon W
Z
Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed)
Exact Sig. [2*(1-tailed Sig.)]
M1
M2
M3
M4
4.000
2.000
2.000
1.500
.500
10.000
8.000
8.000
7.500
6.500
-.225
-1.091
-1.091
-1.328
-1.771
.822
.275
.275
.184
.077
a
a
a
a
1.000
.400
.400
.200
a
.100
a. Not corrected for ties.
b. Grouping Variable: Kelompok
Gel 1% - Gel 2,5%
Test Statisticsb
M0
M1
M2
M3
M4
Mann-Whitney U
3.000
.000
.000
.000
.000
Wilcoxon W
9.000
6.000
6.000
6.000
6.000
Z
-.655
-1.964
-1.993
-1.964
-1.964
.513
.050
.046
.050
.050
.700a
.100a
.100a
.100a
.100a
Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed)
Exact Sig. [2*(1-tailed Sig.)]
a. Not corrected for ties.
b. Grouping Variable: Kelompok
Gel 1,5% - Gel 2%
Test Statisticsb
M0
M1
M2
M3
M4
Mann-Whitney U
3.500
4.000
4.500
4.000
3.500
Wilcoxon W
9.500
10.000
10.500
10.000
9.500
Z
-.443
-.218
.000
-.218
-.443
.658
.827
1.000
.827
.658
.700a
1.000a
1.000a
1.000a
.700a
Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed)
Exact Sig. [2*(1-tailed Sig.)]
a. Not corrected for ties.
b. Grouping Variable: Kelompok
Gel 1,5% - Gel 2,5%
b
Test Statistics
Universitas Sumatera Utara
M0
M1
M2
M3
M4
Mann-Whitney U
3.500
2.500
2.000
2.000
1.000
Wilcoxon W
9.500
8.500
8.000
8.000
7.000
Z
-.443
-.886
-1.107
-1.091
-1.528
.658
.376
.268
.275
.127
a
a
a
a
Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed)
Exact Sig. [2*(1-tailed Sig.)]
.700
.400
.400
.400
a
.200
a. Not corrected for ties.
b. Grouping Variable: Kelompok
Gel 2% - Gel 2,5%
Test Statisticsb
M0
M1
M2
M3
M4
Mann-Whitney U
3.000
2.000
2.000
2.000
1.500
Wilcoxon W
9.000
8.000
8.000
8.000
7.500
Z
-.655
-1.124
-1.107
-1.124
-1.328
.513
.261
.268
.261
.184
.700a
.400a
.400a
.400a
.200a
Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed)
Exact Sig. [2*(1-tailed Sig.)]
a. Not corrected for ties.
b. Grouping Variable: Kelompok
Data Statistik Keriput
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Tests of Normality
a
Kolmogorov-Smirnov
Kelompok
M0
M1
M2
M3
M4
Statistic
df
Shapiro-Wilk
Sig.
Statistic
df
Sig.
Formula 0
,253
3 .
,964
3
,637
Formula 1
,253
3 .
,964
3
,637
Formula 2
,292
3 .
,923
3
,463
Formula 3
,253
3 .
,964
3
,637
Formula 4
,292
3 .
,923
3
,463
Formula 0
,175
3 .
1,000
3
1,000
Formula 1
,175
3 .
1,000
3
1,000
Formula 2
,253
3 .
,964
3
,637
Formula 3
,175
3 .
1,000
3
1,000
Formula 4
,253
3 .
,964
3
,637
Formula 0
,175
3 .
1,000
3
1,000
Formula 1
,292
3 .
,923
3
,463
Formula 2
,385
3 .
,750
3
,000
Formula 3
,253
3 .
,964
3
,637
Formula 4
,385
3 .
,750
3
,000
Formula 0
,175
3 .
1,000
3
1,000
Formula 1
,175
3 .
1,000
3
1,000
Formula 2
,385
3 .
,750
3
,000
Formula 3
,385
3 .
,750
3
,000
Formula 4
,175
3 .
1,000
3
1,000
Formula 0
,253
3 .
,964
3
,637
Formula 1
,253
3 .
,964
3
,637
Formula 2
,253
3 .
,964
3
,637
Formula 3
,385
3 .
,750
3
,000
Formula 4
,175
3 .
1,000
3
1,000
a. Lilliefors Significance Correction
Kruskal-Wallis Test
a,b
Test Statistics
M0
Chi-Square
df
Asymp. Sig.
M1
M2
M3
M4
,713
4,360
9,027
11,088
11,918
4
4
4
4
4
,950
,359
,060
,026
,018
a. Kruskal Wallis Test
b. Grouping Variable: Kelompok
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Mann-Whitney Test
Gel 1% - Gel 1,5%
b
Test Statistics
M0
M1
M2
M3
M4
Mann-Whitney U
3,000
2,000
1,500
1,500
1,000
Wilcoxon W
9,000
8,000
7,500
7,500
7,000
Z
-,674
-1,124
-1,348
-1,348
-1,528
,500
,261
,178
,178
,127
a
a
a
a
Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed)
Exact Sig. [2*(1-tailed Sig.)]
,700
,400
,200
,200
a
,200
a. Not corrected for ties.
b. Grouping Variable: Kelompok
Gel 1% - Gel 2%
Test Statisticsb
M0
M1
M2
M3
M4
Mann-Whitney U
3,500
1,500
,500
,000
,000
Wilcoxon W
9,500
7,500
6,500
6,000
6,000
Z
-,443
-1,328
-1,771
-1,993
-1,993
,658
,184
,077
,046
,046
a
a
a
a
,100a
Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed)
Exact Sig. [2*(1-tailed Sig.)]
,700
,200
,100
,100
a. Not corrected for ties.
b. Grouping Variable: Kelompok
Gel 1% - Gel 2,5%
Test Statisticsb
M0
Mann-Whitney U
Wilcoxon W
Z
Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed)
Exact Sig. [2*(1-tailed Sig.)]
M1
M2
M3
M4
4,500
1,500
,000
,000
,000
10,500
7,500
6,000
6,000
6,000
,000
-1,328
-1,993
-1,964
-1,964
1,000
,184
,046
,050
,050
a
a
a
a
,100a
1,000
,200
,100
,100
a. Not corrected for ties.
b. Grouping Variable: Kelompok
Gel 1,5% - Gel 2%
b
Test Statistics
M0
Mann-Whitney U
Wilcoxon W
Z
Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed)
M1
M2
M3
M4
4,500
4,000
3,000
2,000
,000
10,500
10,000
9,000
8,000
6,000
,000
-,225
-,696
-1,291
-1,993
1,000
,822
,487
,197
,046
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Exact Sig. [2*(1-tailed Sig.)]
a
1,000
a
1,000
a
,700
a
,400
,100a
a. Not corrected for ties.
b. Grouping Variable: Kelompok
Gel 1,5% - Gel 2,5%
Test Statisticsb
M0
Mann-Whitney U
Wilcoxon W
Z
Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed)
Exact Sig. [2*(1-tailed Sig.)]
M1
M2
M3
M4
4,000
3,500
2,000
,000
,000
10,000
9,500
8,000
6,000
6,000
-,225
-,443
-1,291
-1,993
-1,964
,822
,658
,197
,046
,050
a
a
a
a
1,000
,700
,400
,100
a
,100
a. Not corrected for ties.
b. Grouping Variable: Kelompok
Gel 2% - Gel 2,5%
Test Statisticsb
M0
M1
M2
M3
M4
Mann-Whitney U
3,000
4,000
3,000
1,500
2,500
Wilcoxon W
9,000
10,000
9,000
7,500
8,500
Z
-,674
-,225
-,696
-1,348
-,899
,500
,822
,487
,178
,369
a
a
a
a
,400a
Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed)
Exact Sig. [2*(1-tailed Sig.)]
,700
1,000
,700
,200
a. Not corrected for ties.
b. Grouping Variable: Kelompok
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Lampiran 2. Bagan Pembuatan Ekstrak
Ganggang Merah (Kappaphycus alvarezii)
Dicuci, ditiriskan, dan ditimbang
sebagai berat basah
Dikeringkan dalam lemari pengering
Simplisia
Ditimbang berat kering
Dihaluskan
Serbuk simplisia
Karakterisasi simplisia
− Makroskopik
− Mikroskopik
− Kadar air
− Penetapan kadar sari
yang larut dalam air
− Penetapan kadar sari
yang larut dalam
etanol
− Penetapan kadar abu
total
− Penetapan kadar abu
yang tidak larut
dalam asam
Diperkolasi
etanol 96%
dengan
Perkolat
Diuapkan
dengan
rotary evaporator
Ekstrak
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Lampiran 3. Bagan Formulasi Sediaan
Bahan-bahan
- Ditimbang
- Didihkan aquades
- Dikembangkan
carbomer di
dalamnya 15 menit
(M1)
- Dicampurkan
pengawet, propilen
glikol dan TEA
- Dihomogenkan
(M2)
- Dimasukkan M2 ke dalam lumpang
berisi M1
- Digerus homogen
- Ditambahkan sisa air suling
Dasar Gel
- Dimasukkan ekstrak
- Digerus homogen
- Ditambahkan parfum
- Digerus homogen
- Dimasukkan ke dalam wadah
Sediaan Gel Anti-Aging
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Lampiran 4. Contoh Surat Pernyataan Sukarelawan
SURAT PERNYATAAN PERSETUJUAN IKUT SERTA
DALAM PENELITIAN
Saya yang bertanda tangan dibawah ini
Nama lengkap :
Umur
:
Alamat
:
Telah mendapat penjelasan secukupnya bahwa wajah saya akan digunakan
sebagai daerah yang akan diuji. Setelah mendapat penjelasan secukupnya tentang
manfaat penelitian ini maka saya menyatakan SETUJU untuk ikut serta dalam
penelitian NINDA NISIA FATWA dengan judul “FORMULASI DAN UJI
SEDIAAN
GEL
EKSTRAK
GANGGANG
MERAH
(Kappaphycus
alvarezii)SEBAGAI ANTI AGING”, sebagai usaha untuk mengetahui apakah
sediaan gel yang dihasilkan mampu memberikan efek anti penuaan. Saya
menyatakan sukarela dan bersedia untuk mengikuti prosedur penelitian yang telah
ditetapkan.
Persetujuan ini saya buat dengan penuh kesadaran dan tanpa paksaan
dari pihak manapun. Demikian surat pernyataan ini dibuat untuk dapat
dipergunakan sebagaimana mestinya.
Medan,
Januari2017
Sukarelawan
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Nama lengkap
NIM
Lampiran 5. Gambar ganggang merah (Kappaphycus alvarezii) segar, simplisia
dan serbuk kasar simplisia
Gambar ganggang merah segar
Simplisia ganggang merah
(Kappaphycus alvarezii)
Serbuk kasar simplisia ganggang
merah (Kappaphycus alvarezii)
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Lampiran 6. Gambar ekstrak Ganggang Merah (Kappaphycus alvarezii) dan
gambar hasil pemeriksaan mikroskopik serbuk simplisia
Ekstrak gangggang merah
Hasil Pemeriksaan Mikroskopik Serbuk Simplisia
Ganggang Merah(Kappaphycus alvarezii)
Keterangan :
1. Parenkim berisi pigmen merah
2. Parenkim bagian pinggir
3. Propagule
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Lampiran 7. Perhitungan Pemeriksaan Karakteristik Serbuk Simplisia Ganggang
Merah (Kappaphycus alvarezii)
1. Perhitungan Kadar AirSerbuk Simplisia Ganggang Merah Kappaphycus
alvarezii
% Kadar air simplisia =
No.
1.
2.
3.
volume air (ml)
x 100%
berat sampel (g)
Berat sampel (g)
5,0920
5,0800
5,0860
Volume awal (ml)
2,25
2,65
3,05
1. Kadar air =
2,25 - 1,85
x 100% = 7,86%
5,0920
2. Kadar air =
2,65 - 2,25
x 100% = 7,87%
5,0800
3. Kadar air =
3,05 - 2,65
x 100% = 7,86%
5,0860
% Rata-rata kadar air =
Volume akhir (ml)
1,85
2,25
2,65
7,86% + 7,87% + 7,86%
= 7,86%
3
2. Perhitungan Kadar Sari Larut dalam Air
% Kadar Sari Larut dalam Air =
No.
1.
2.
3.
Berat Sampel (g)
5,0018
5,0018
5,0018
berat sari (g)
100
×
× 100%
berat sampel (g) 20
Berat Sari (g)
0,3000
0,3100
0,3000
Universitas Sumatera Utara
1. Kadar Sari Larut dalam Air =
0,3 100
×
× 100% = 29,9892%
5,0018 20
2. Kadar Sari Larut dalam Air =
0,31 100
×
× 100% = 30,9888%
5,0018 20
3. Kadar Sari Larut dalam Air =
0,3 100
×
× 100% = 29,9892%
5,0018 20
% Rata-rata Kadar Sari Larut Air =
29,9892% + 30,9888% + 29,9892%
3
= 30,3224%
3. Perhitungan Kadar Sari Simplisia Larut dalam Etanol
% Kadar Sari Larut dalam Etanol =
No.
1.
2.
3.
berat sari (g)
100
×
× 100%
berat sampel (g) 20
Berat Sampel (g)
5,0018
5,0018
5,0018
Berat Sari (g)
0,1100
0,1000
0,1000
1. Kadar Sari Larut dalam Etanol =
0,11 100
×
× 100% = 10,9960%
5,0018 20
2. Kadar Sari Larut dalam Etanol =
0,10 100
×
× 100% = 9,9964%
5,0018 20
3. Kadar Sari Larut dalam Etanol =
0,10 100
×
× 100% = 9,9964%
5,0018 20
% Rata-rata Kadar Sari Larut Etanol =
10,9960% + 9,9964% + 9,9964%
3
= 10,3296%
Universitas Sumatera Utara
4. Perhitungan Kadar Abu Total Simplisia
% Kadar Abu Total =
No.
1.
2.
3.
berat abu (g)
× 100%
berat sampel (g)
Berat Sampel (g)
2,0210
2,0211
2,0148
Berat Abu (g)
0,3743
0,3670
0,3575
1. Kadar Abu Total =
0,3743
× 100% = 18,5205%
2,0210
2. Kadar Abu Total =
0,3670
× 100% = 18,1584%
2,0211
3. Kadar Abu Total =
0,3575
× 100% = 17,7437%
2,0148
% Rata-rata Kadar Abu Total =
18,5205% + 18,1584% + 17,7437%
= 18,1409%
3
5. Perhitungan Kadar Abu Simplisia Tidak Larut dalam Asam
% Kadar Abu Tidak Larut dalam Asam =
No.
1.
2.
3.
Berat Sampel (g)
2,0210
2,0211
2,0148
berat abu (g)
× 100%
berat sampel (g)
Berat Abu (g)
0,0115
0,0112
0,0108
Universitas Sumatera Utara
1. Kadar Abu Tidak Larut dalam Asam =
0,0115
× 100% = 0,5690%
2,0210
2. Kadar Abu Tidak Larut dalam Asam =
0,0112
× 100% = 0,5542%
2,0211
3. Kadar Abu Tidak Larut dalam Asam =
0,0108
× 100% = 0,5360%
2,0148
% Rata-rata Kadar Abu Tidak Larut Asam
=
0,5690% + 0,5542% + 0,5360%
3
= 0,5531%
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Lampiran 8. Gambar sediaan gel setelah selesai dibuat dan setelah 90 hari dan
Gambar hasil pengujian homogenitas sediaan
Setelah Dibuat
Blanko
1%
1,5%
2%
2,5%
Setelah Penyimpanan 90 Hari
Blanko
1%
1,5%
2%
2,5%
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Gambar uji homogenitas sediaan
Lampiran 9. Gambar alat-alat yang digunakan
pH Meter
Timbangan
Viscometer Brookfield
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Skin Analyzer
Moisture Checker
Lampiran 10. Hasil Pemakaian Gel Ekstrak Ganggang Merah 2,5%
1. Kadar Air (Moisture)
Kondisi Awal
Pemakaian Minggu I
Pemakaian Minggu II
Pemakaian Minggu III
Pemakaian Minggu IV
Universitas Sumatera Utara
2. Pori (Pore)
Kondisi Awal
Pemakaian Minggu I
Pemakaian Minggu II
Pemakaian Minggu III
Pemakaian Minggu IV
Universitas Sumatera Utara
3. Noda (Spot)
Kondisi Awal
Pemakaian Minggu I
Pemakaian Minggu II
Pemakaian Minggu III
Pemakaian Minggu IV
Universitas Sumatera Utara
4. Keriput (Wrinkle)
Kondisi Awal
Pemakaian Minggu I
Pemakaian Minggu II
Pemakaian Minggu III
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Pemakaian Minggu IV
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Lampiran 11. Data Statistik
Data Statistik Kadar Air
Tests of Normality
Kolmogorov-Smirnova
Kelompok
M0
M1
M2
M3
M4
Statistic
df
Sig.
Shapiro-Wilk
Statistic
df
Sig.
blanko
,385
3 .
,750
3
,000
Formula 1
,385
3 .
,750
3
,000
Formula 2
,175
3 .
1,000
3
1,000
Formula 3
,385
3 .
,750
3
,000
Formula 4
,175
3 .
1,000
3
1,000
blanko
,175
3 .
1,000
3
1,000
Formula 1
,385
3 .
,750
3
,000
Formula 2
,385
3 .
,750
3
,000
Formula 3
,253
3 .
,964
3
,637
Formula 4
,385
3 .
,750
3
,000
blanko
,385
3 .
,750
3
,000
Formula 1
,175
3 .
1,000
3
1,000
Formula 2
,385
3 .
,750
3
,000
Formula 3
,253
3 .
,964
3
,637
Formula 4
,385
3 .
,750
3
,000
blanko
,385
3 .
,750
3
,000
Formula 1
,175
3 .
1,000
3
1,000
Formula 2
,385
3 .
,750
3
,000
Formula 3
,175
3 .
1,000
3
1,000
Formula 4
,175
3 .
1,000
3
1,000
blanko
,175
3 .
1,000
3
1,000
Formula 1
,385
3 .
,750
3
,000
Formula 2
,385
3 .
,750
3
,000
Formula 3
,385
3 .
,750
3
,000
Formula 4
,385
3 .
,750
3
,000
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Tests of Normality
a
Kolmogorov-Smirnov
Kelompok
M0
M1
M2
M3
M4
Statistic
df
Shapiro-Wilk
Sig.
Statistic
df
Sig.
blanko
,385
3 .
,750
3
,000
Formula 1
,385
3 .
,750
3
,000
Formula 2
,175
3 .
1,000
3
1,000
Formula 3
,385
3 .
,750
3
,000
Formula 4
,175
3 .
1,000
3
1,000
blanko
,175
3 .
1,000
3
1,000
Formula 1
,385
3 .
,750
3
,000
Formula 2
,385
3 .
,750
3
,000
Formula 3
,253
3 .
,964
3
,637
Formula 4
,385
3 .
,750
3
,000
blanko
,385
3 .
,750
3
,000
Formula 1
,175
3 .
1,000
3
1,000
Formula 2
,385
3 .
,750
3
,000
Formula 3
,253
3 .
,964
3
,637
Formula 4
,385
3 .
,750
3
,000
blanko
,385
3 .
,750
3
,000
Formula 1
,175
3 .
1,000
3
1,000
Formula 2
,385
3 .
,750
3
,000
Formula 3
,175
3 .
1,000
3
1,000
Formula 4
,175
3 .
1,000
3
1,000
blanko
,175
3 .
1,000
3
1,000
Formula 1
,385
3 .
,750
3
,000
Formula 2
,385
3 .
,750
3
,000
Formula 3
,385
3 .
,750
3
,000
Formula 4
,385
3 .
,750
3
,000
a. Lilliefors Significance Correction
Kruskal-Wallis Test
a,b
Test Statistics
M0
M1
M2
M3
M4
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Chi-Square
1,698
11,526
11,978
12,757
13,264
4
4
4
4
4
,791
,021
,018
,013
,010
M2
M3
df
Asymp. Sig.
a. Kruskal Wallis Test
b. Grouping Variable: Kelompok
Mann-Whitney Test
Gel 1% - Gel 1,5%
b
Test Statistics
M0
M1
M4
Mann-Whitney U
3,000
1,000
,500
1,000
,000
Wilcoxon W
9,000
7,000
6,500
7,000
6,000
Z
-,696
-1,650
-1,798
-1,623
-2,023
,487
,099
,072
,105
,043
a
a
a
a
Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed)
Exact Sig. [2*(1-tailed Sig.)]
,700
,200
,100
,200
a
,100
a. Not corrected for ties.
b. Grouping Variable: Kelompok
Gel 1% - Gel 2%
Test Statisticsb
M0
Mann-Whitney U
Wilcoxon W
Z
Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed)
Exact Sig. [2*(1-tailed Sig.)]
M1
M2
M3
M4
4,000
2,000
,500
,000
,000
10,000
8,000
6,500
6,000
6,000
-,225
-1,159
-1,771
-1,964
-2,023
,822
,246
,077
,050
,043
a
a
a
a
,100a
1,000
,400
,100
,100
a. Not corrected for ties.
b. Grouping Variable: Kelompok
Gel 1% - Gel 2,5%
b
Test Statistics
M0
M1
M2
M3
M4
Mann-Whitney U
3,500
,000
,000
,000
,000
Wilcoxon W
9,500
6,000
6,000
6,000
6,000
Z
-,471
-2,023
-1,993
-1,964
-2,023
,637
,043
,046
,050
,043
a
a
a
a
,100a
Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed)
Exact Sig. [2*(1-tailed Sig.)]
,700
,100
,100
,100
a. Not corrected for ties.
b. Grouping Variable: Kelompok
Gel 1,5% - Gel 2%
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Test Statisticsb
M0
M1
M2
M3
M4
Mann-Whitney U
3,500
3,500
3,500
,500
,500
Wilcoxon W
9,500
9,500
9,500
6,500
6,500
Z
-,471
-,449
-,471
-1,798
-1,826
,637
,653
,637
,072
,068
a
a
a
a
,100a
Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed)
Exact Sig. [2*(1-tailed Sig.)]
,700
,700
,700
,100
a. Not corrected for ties.
b. Grouping Variable: Kelompok
Gel 1,5% - Gel 2,5%
Test Statisticsb
M0
M1
M2
M3
M4
Mann-Whitney U
2,000
,000
,000
,000
,000
Wilcoxon W
8,000
6,000
6,000
6,000
6,000
-1,124
-2,023
-2,023
-1,993
-2,023
,261
,043
,043
,046
,043
a
a
a
a
,100a
Z
Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed)
Exact Sig. [2*(1-tailed Sig.)]
,400
,100
,100
,100
a. Not corrected for ties.
b. Grouping Variable: Kelompok
Gel 2% - Gel 2,5%
Test Statisticsb
M0
M1
M2
M3
M4
Mann-Whitney U
3,000
1,000
2,000
2,000
1,000
Wilcoxon W
9,000
7,000
8,000
8,000
7,000
Z
-,696
-1,623
-1,159
-1,124
-1,650
,487
,105
,246
,261
,099
a
a
a
a
,200a
Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed)
Exact Sig. [2*(1-tailed Sig.)]
,700
,200
,400
,400
a. Not corrected for ties.
b. Grouping Variable: Kelompok
Data Statistik Pori
b
Tests of Normality
Kelomp
ok
M0
Kolmogorov-Smirnova
Statistic
df
Shapiro-Wilk
Sig.
Statistic
df
Sig.
F0
.385
3
.
.750
3
.000
F1
.175
3
.
1.000
3
1.000
Universitas Sumatera Utara
M1
M2
M3
M4
F2
.253
3
.
.964
3
.637
F3
.385
3
.
.750
3
.000
F4
.253
3
.
.964
3
.637
F0
.385
3
.
.750
3
.000
F1
.253
3
.
.964
3
.637
F2
.253
3
.
.964
3
.637
F3
.385
3
.
.750
3
.000
F4
.175
3
.
1.000
3
1.000
F0
.253
3
.
.964
3
.637
F1
.253
3
.
.964
3
.637
F2
.175
3
.
1.000
3
1.000
F3
.385
3
.
.750
3
.000
F4
.292
3
.
.923
3
.463
F0
.385
3
.
.750
3
.000
F1
.385
3
.
.750
3
.000
F3
.175
3
.
1.000
3
1.000
F4
.292
3
.
.923
3
.463
F0
.385
3
.
.750
3
.000
F1
.385
3
.
.750
3
.000
F2
.175
3
.
1.000
3
1.000
F3
.253
3
.
.964
3
.637
F4
.385
3
.
.750
3
.000
a. Lilliefors Significance Correction
b. M3 is constant when Kelompok = F2. It has been omitted.
Kruskal-Wallis Test
Test Statisticsa,b
M0
Chi-Square
df
Asymp. Sig.
M1
M2
M3
M4
1.323
1.304
4.104
10.601
12.350
4
4
4
4
4
.858
.861
.392
.031
.015
a. Kruskal Wallis Test
b. Grouping Variable: Kelompok
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Mann-Whitney Test
Gel 1% - Gel 1,5%
Test Statisticsb
M0
M1
M2
M3
M4
Mann-Whitney U
3.000
2.500
2.000
.000
.000
Wilcoxon W
9.000
8.500
8.000
6.000
6.000
Z
-.674
-.886
-1.124
-2.121
-1.993
.500
.376
.261
.034
.046
.700a
.400a
.400a
.100a
.100a
Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed)
Exact Sig. [2*(1-tailed Sig.)]
a. Not corrected for ties.
b. Grouping Variable: Kelompok
Gel 1% - Gel 2%
Test Statisticsb
M0
Mann-Whitney U
Wilcoxon W
Z
Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed)
Exact Sig. [2*(1-tailed Sig.)]
M1
M2
M3
M4
4.000
2.500
3.500
1.000
.000
10.000
8.500
9.500
7.000
6.000
-.232
-.943
-.471
-1.623
-1.993
.817
.346
.637
.105
.046
a
1.000
a
.400
a
.700
a
.200
a
.100
a. Not corrected for ties.
b. Grouping Variable: Kelompok
Gel 1% - Gel 2,5%
Test Statisticsb
M0
M1
M2
M3
M4
Mann-Whitney U
3.000
3.000
1.500
.000
.000
Wilcoxon W
9.000
9.000
7.500
6.000
6.000
Z
-.674
-.674
-1.328
-1.993
-2.023
.500
.500
.184
.046
.043
a
a
a
a
.100a
Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed)
Exact Sig. [2*(1-tailed Sig.)]
.700
.700
.200
.100
a. Not corrected for ties.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Test Statisticsb
M0
M1
M2
M3
M4
Mann-Whitney U
3.000
3.000
1.500
.000
.000
Wilcoxon W
9.000
9.000
7.500
6.000
6.000
Z
-.674
-.674
-1.328
-1.993
-2.023
.500
.500
.184
.046
.043
.700a
.700a
.200a
.100a
.100a
Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed)
Exact Sig. [2*(1-tailed Sig.)]
a. Not corrected for ties.
b. Grouping Variable: Kelompok
Gel 1,5% - Gel 2%
Test Statisticsb
M0
M1
M2
M3
M4
Mann-Whitney U
3.500
4.000
2.500
4.500
3.000
Wilcoxon W
9.500
10.000
8.500
10.500
9.000
Z
-.471
-.232
-.943
.000
-.674
.637
.817
.346
1.000
.500
.700a
1.000a
.400a
1.000a
.700a
Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed)
Exact Sig. [2*(1-tailed Sig.)]
a. Not corrected for ties.
b. Grouping Variable: Kelompok
Gel 1,5% - Gel 2,5%
Test Statisticsb
M0
Mann-Whitney U
Wilcoxon W
Z
Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed)
Exact Sig. [2*(1-tailed Sig.)]
M1
M2
M3
M4
4.500
4.500
2.500
1.500
.000
10.500
10.500
8.500
7.500
6.000
.000
.000
-.886
-1.549
-1.993
1.000
1.000
.376
.121
.046
1.000a
1.000a
.400a
.200a
.100a
a. Not corrected for ties.
b. Grouping Variable: Kelompok
Gel 2% - Gel 2,5%
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Test Statisticsb
M0
M1
M2
M3
M4
Mann-Whitney U
3.500
4.000
2.000
1.500
.500
Wilcoxon W
9.500
10.000
8.000
7.500
6.500
Z
-.471
-.232
-1.159
-1.328
-1.798
.637
.817
.246
.184
.072
.700a
1.000a
.400a
.200a
.100a
Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed)
Exact Sig. [2*(1-tailed Sig.)]
a. Not corrected for ties.
b. Grouping Variable: Kelompok
Data Statistik Noda
Tests of Normality
Kelomp
ok
M0
M1
M2
M3
Kolmogorov-Smirnova
Statistic
df
Shapiro-Wilk
Sig.
Statistic
df
Sig.
F0
.219
3
.
.987
3
.780
F1
.219
3
.
.987
3
.780
F2
.276
3
.
.942
3
.537
F3
.175
3
.
1.000
3
1.000
F4
.253
3
.
.964
3
.637
F0
.219
3
.
.987
3
.780
F1
.292
3
.
.923
3
.463
F2
.328
3
.
.871
3
.298
F3
.314
3
.
.893
3
.363
F4
.253
3
.
.964
3
.637
F0
.219
3
.
.987
3
.780
F1
.175
3
.
1.000
3
1.000
F2
.292
3
.
.923
3
.463
F3
.253
3
.
.964
3
.637
F4
.385
3
.
.750
3
.000
F0
.253
3
.
.964
3
.637
F1
.292
3
.
.923
3
.463
F2
.232
3
.
.980
3
.726
Universitas Sumatera Utara
M4
F3
.253
3
.
.964
3
.637
F4
.253
3
.
.964
3
.637
F0
.219
3
.
.987
3
.780
F1
.292
3
.
.923
3
.463
F2
.253
3
.
.964
3
.637
F3
.314
3
.
.893
3
.363
F4
.219
3
.
.987
3
.780
a. Lilliefors Significance Correction
Kruskal-Wallis Test
Test Statisticsa,b
M0
Chi-Square
M2
M3
M4
.940
5.107
6.276
7.470
9.443
4
4
4
4
4
.919
.276
.179
.113
.051
df
Asymp. Sig.
M1
a. Kruskal Wallis Test
b. Grouping Variable: Kelompok
Mann-Whitney Test
Gel 1% - Gel 1,5%
b
Test Statistics
M0
M1
M2
M3
M4
Mann-Whitney U
3.500
3.500
3.000
2.000
1.500
Wilcoxon W
9.500
9.500
9.000
8.000
7.500
Z
-.443
-.443
-.655
-1.091
-1.328
.658
.658
.513
.275
.184
Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed)
Exact Sig. [2*(1-tailed Sig.)]
a
.700
a
.700
a
.700
a
.400
a
.200
a. Not corrected for ties.
b. Grouping Variable: Kelompok
Gel 1% - Gel 2%
Test Statisticsb
Universitas Sumatera Utara
M0
Mann-Whitney U
Wilcoxon W
Z
Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed)
Exact Sig. [2*(1-tailed Sig.)]
M1
M2
M3
M4
4.000
2.000
2.000
1.500
.500
10.000
8.000
8.000
7.500
6.500
-.225
-1.091
-1.091
-1.328
-1.771
.822
.275
.275
.184
.077
a
a
a
a
1.000
.400
.400
.200
a
.100
a. Not corrected for ties.
b. Grouping Variable: Kelompok
Gel 1% - Gel 2,5%
Test Statisticsb
M0
M1
M2
M3
M4
Mann-Whitney U
3.000
.000
.000
.000
.000
Wilcoxon W
9.000
6.000
6.000
6.000
6.000
Z
-.655
-1.964
-1.993
-1.964
-1.964
.513
.050
.046
.050
.050
.700a
.100a
.100a
.100a
.100a
Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed)
Exact Sig. [2*(1-tailed Sig.)]
a. Not corrected for ties.
b. Grouping Variable: Kelompok
Gel 1,5% - Gel 2%
Test Statisticsb
M0
M1
M2
M3
M4
Mann-Whitney U
3.500
4.000
4.500
4.000
3.500
Wilcoxon W
9.500
10.000
10.500
10.000
9.500
Z
-.443
-.218
.000
-.218
-.443
.658
.827
1.000
.827
.658
.700a
1.000a
1.000a
1.000a
.700a
Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed)
Exact Sig. [2*(1-tailed Sig.)]
a. Not corrected for ties.
b. Grouping Variable: Kelompok
Gel 1,5% - Gel 2,5%
b
Test Statistics
Universitas Sumatera Utara
M0
M1
M2
M3
M4
Mann-Whitney U
3.500
2.500
2.000
2.000
1.000
Wilcoxon W
9.500
8.500
8.000
8.000
7.000
Z
-.443
-.886
-1.107
-1.091
-1.528
.658
.376
.268
.275
.127
a
a
a
a
Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed)
Exact Sig. [2*(1-tailed Sig.)]
.700
.400
.400
.400
a
.200
a. Not corrected for ties.
b. Grouping Variable: Kelompok
Gel 2% - Gel 2,5%
Test Statisticsb
M0
M1
M2
M3
M4
Mann-Whitney U
3.000
2.000
2.000
2.000
1.500
Wilcoxon W
9.000
8.000
8.000
8.000
7.500
Z
-.655
-1.124
-1.107
-1.124
-1.328
.513
.261
.268
.261
.184
.700a
.400a
.400a
.400a
.200a
Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed)
Exact Sig. [2*(1-tailed Sig.)]
a. Not corrected for ties.
b. Grouping Variable: Kelompok
Data Statistik Keriput
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Tests of Normality
a
Kolmogorov-Smirnov
Kelompok
M0
M1
M2
M3
M4
Statistic
df
Shapiro-Wilk
Sig.
Statistic
df
Sig.
Formula 0
,253
3 .
,964
3
,637
Formula 1
,253
3 .
,964
3
,637
Formula 2
,292
3 .
,923
3
,463
Formula 3
,253
3 .
,964
3
,637
Formula 4
,292
3 .
,923
3
,463
Formula 0
,175
3 .
1,000
3
1,000
Formula 1
,175
3 .
1,000
3
1,000
Formula 2
,253
3 .
,964
3
,637
Formula 3
,175
3 .
1,000
3
1,000
Formula 4
,253
3 .
,964
3
,637
Formula 0
,175
3 .
1,000
3
1,000
Formula 1
,292
3 .
,923
3
,463
Formula 2
,385
3 .
,750
3
,000
Formula 3
,253
3 .
,964
3
,637
Formula 4
,385
3 .
,750
3
,000
Formula 0
,175
3 .
1,000
3
1,000
Formula 1
,175
3 .
1,000
3
1,000
Formula 2
,385
3 .
,750
3
,000
Formula 3
,385
3 .
,750
3
,000
Formula 4
,175
3 .
1,000
3
1,000
Formula 0
,253
3 .
,964
3
,637
Formula 1
,253
3 .
,964
3
,637
Formula 2
,253
3 .
,964
3
,637
Formula 3
,385
3 .
,750
3
,000
Formula 4
,175
3 .
1,000
3
1,000
a. Lilliefors Significance Correction
Kruskal-Wallis Test
a,b
Test Statistics
M0
Chi-Square
df
Asymp. Sig.
M1
M2
M3
M4
,713
4,360
9,027
11,088
11,918
4
4
4
4
4
,950
,359
,060
,026
,018
a. Kruskal Wallis Test
b. Grouping Variable: Kelompok
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Mann-Whitney Test
Gel 1% - Gel 1,5%
b
Test Statistics
M0
M1
M2
M3
M4
Mann-Whitney U
3,000
2,000
1,500
1,500
1,000
Wilcoxon W
9,000
8,000
7,500
7,500
7,000
Z
-,674
-1,124
-1,348
-1,348
-1,528
,500
,261
,178
,178
,127
a
a
a
a
Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed)
Exact Sig. [2*(1-tailed Sig.)]
,700
,400
,200
,200
a
,200
a. Not corrected for ties.
b. Grouping Variable: Kelompok
Gel 1% - Gel 2%
Test Statisticsb
M0
M1
M2
M3
M4
Mann-Whitney U
3,500
1,500
,500
,000
,000
Wilcoxon W
9,500
7,500
6,500
6,000
6,000
Z
-,443
-1,328
-1,771
-1,993
-1,993
,658
,184
,077
,046
,046
a
a
a
a
,100a
Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed)
Exact Sig. [2*(1-tailed Sig.)]
,700
,200
,100
,100
a. Not corrected for ties.
b. Grouping Variable: Kelompok
Gel 1% - Gel 2,5%
Test Statisticsb
M0
Mann-Whitney U
Wilcoxon W
Z
Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed)
Exact Sig. [2*(1-tailed Sig.)]
M1
M2
M3
M4
4,500
1,500
,000
,000
,000
10,500
7,500
6,000
6,000
6,000
,000
-1,328
-1,993
-1,964
-1,964
1,000
,184
,046
,050
,050
a
a
a
a
,100a
1,000
,200
,100
,100
a. Not corrected for ties.
b. Grouping Variable: Kelompok
Gel 1,5% - Gel 2%
b
Test Statistics
M0
Mann-Whitney U
Wilcoxon W
Z
Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed)
M1
M2
M3
M4
4,500
4,000
3,000
2,000
,000
10,500
10,000
9,000
8,000
6,000
,000
-,225
-,696
-1,291
-1,993
1,000
,822
,487
,197
,046
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Exact Sig. [2*(1-tailed Sig.)]
a
1,000
a
1,000
a
,700
a
,400
,100a
a. Not corrected for ties.
b. Grouping Variable: Kelompok
Gel 1,5% - Gel 2,5%
Test Statisticsb
M0
Mann-Whitney U
Wilcoxon W
Z
Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed)
Exact Sig. [2*(1-tailed Sig.)]
M1
M2
M3
M4
4,000
3,500
2,000
,000
,000
10,000
9,500
8,000
6,000
6,000
-,225
-,443
-1,291
-1,993
-1,964
,822
,658
,197
,046
,050
a
a
a
a
1,000
,700
,400
,100
a
,100
a. Not corrected for ties.
b. Grouping Variable: Kelompok
Gel 2% - Gel 2,5%
Test Statisticsb
M0
M1
M2
M3
M4
Mann-Whitney U
3,000
4,000
3,000
1,500
2,500
Wilcoxon W
9,000
10,000
9,000
7,500
8,500
Z
-,674
-,225
-,696
-1,348
-,899
,500
,822
,487
,178
,369
a
a
a
a
,400a
Asymp. Sig. (2-tailed)
Exact Sig. [2*(1-tailed Sig.)]
,700
1,000
,700
,200
a. Not corrected for ties.
b. Grouping Variable: Kelompok
Universitas Sumatera Utara