A Contrastive Analysis Between English And Muko-Muko Language Question Words
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of The Study
Using English as a foreign language is not easy. In learning English,
learners generally could encounter many kinds of difficulties. One of them is
learning question words and its function and position.
Question word is related to interrogative sentence. Languages may use
both syntax and prosody to distinguish interrogative sentences (which pose
questions) from declarative sentences (which state propositions). Syntax refers
to grammatical changes, such as changing word order or adding question words;
prosody refers to changes in intonation while speaking.
One of kind of word that is frequently used in communication is question
words that are used to ask information about time, place, reason, people, things,
and etc. Question word constitute a word that is used by any language user to
make communication longer. A question word, in particular, was chosen as the
substance topic of this thesis because it has high frequency of use in speaking
and writing activities.
From the methodological point of view, it is known that there are many
ways of studying a language. One of them is by contrasting two or more
languages. Contrastive linguistics is one of the areas of an applied linguistics
which has a significant role in the teaching of second language. The writer wants
to contrast “English and Muko-Muko Question Words”. It means that the writer
wants to find out the similarities and differences of English and Muko-Muko
question words.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Muko-Muko language is the language that used by Muko-Muko society.
The writer write this thesis for growing up the Muko-Muko language for many
people, because according to the writer, Muko-Muko can become a metropolis
city. Muko-Muko has many beaches that are very beautiful. And one of the
beautiful beaches that ever visited by the writer, is Ipuh Beach. Ipuh Beach has
its estuary that flow down to the sea.
Some people who learn English, do not know what question words and its
classification, formation, and function are. It might be due to many factors.
Language functions as a tool of human communication. So whether or not
English and Muko-Muko have different structures should be known in order to
developed the knowledge, science and technology.
In English, there are nine Question words. Most of the Question Words are
presented with WH-Question. And the aim of the Question Words is for getting
the information. Muko-Muko language has eight Question words and all of them
used to get the information as well.
The phenomenon in Muko-Muko language that attract attention of the
writer’s curiosity is about the languages that exist in the regions of Indonesia.
And Muko-Muko language is the language that almost similar to Malay, Java
and Minang language. Muko-Muko district is one of the districts in the province
of Bengkulu, Indonesia, as a division of North Bengkulu. The administration of
Muko-Muko district is bordered by:
•
•
•
•
North side of West Sumatra Province.
East of the Kerinci Seblat National Park ( TNKS ) and Jambi Province.
West side with the Indonesian Ocean.
Southern borders with the North Bengkulu.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Administratively, Muko-Muko district is divided into 15 sub-district, 132
villages and 4 urban villages. In 2006, it had a population of 131.984 people,
made up of 67.721 men and 64.263 woman with population density accounted
for 33/km².
Most residents of Muko-Muko are migrants from Minang, Java, Sunda,
and so forth. Therefore, Bengkulu including Muko-Muko since the Dutch
colonial era to become a " Land of Hope" for the people outside of Bengkulu. Of
that number 37.4% Javanese, Sundanese 6.3% , 5.4% and the rest of Bali,
Minang, Bugis, Malay, Rejang, Serawai, Lembak, as well as others. So, MukoMuko language is nearly similar to Malay language, Minang language and Java
language.
1.2 Problem of the Study
The problems of analysis in this thesis are:
What are the functions of Question words in English and Muko-Muko?
What are the similarities and differences between English and MukoMuko Question words?
1.3 Objective of the Study
The objective of this study will be expected as follows:
To find out the functions of Question words in English and Muko-Muko.
To find out the similarities and differences between English and MukoMuko Question words.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
1.4 Scope of the Study
The scope of analysis in this study will be limited to Question words in
English and Muko-Muko. The Question words in English, are “who”, “whom”,
“what”, “when”, “where”, “which”, “why”, “whose” and “how”. And the
Question words in Muko-Muko, are “apo”, “mengapo”, “dimano”, “siapo”,
“bilo”, “mano”, “berapo” and “macam mano”.
1.5 Significance of the Study
The significances of the study are:
To give the insight into similarities and differences between English and
Muko-Muko Question words.
To give the information as well as useful contribution to English students
and teachers.
To give detailed description of the similarities and differences between the
languages contrasted.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background of The Study
Using English as a foreign language is not easy. In learning English,
learners generally could encounter many kinds of difficulties. One of them is
learning question words and its function and position.
Question word is related to interrogative sentence. Languages may use
both syntax and prosody to distinguish interrogative sentences (which pose
questions) from declarative sentences (which state propositions). Syntax refers
to grammatical changes, such as changing word order or adding question words;
prosody refers to changes in intonation while speaking.
One of kind of word that is frequently used in communication is question
words that are used to ask information about time, place, reason, people, things,
and etc. Question word constitute a word that is used by any language user to
make communication longer. A question word, in particular, was chosen as the
substance topic of this thesis because it has high frequency of use in speaking
and writing activities.
From the methodological point of view, it is known that there are many
ways of studying a language. One of them is by contrasting two or more
languages. Contrastive linguistics is one of the areas of an applied linguistics
which has a significant role in the teaching of second language. The writer wants
to contrast “English and Muko-Muko Question Words”. It means that the writer
wants to find out the similarities and differences of English and Muko-Muko
question words.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Muko-Muko language is the language that used by Muko-Muko society.
The writer write this thesis for growing up the Muko-Muko language for many
people, because according to the writer, Muko-Muko can become a metropolis
city. Muko-Muko has many beaches that are very beautiful. And one of the
beautiful beaches that ever visited by the writer, is Ipuh Beach. Ipuh Beach has
its estuary that flow down to the sea.
Some people who learn English, do not know what question words and its
classification, formation, and function are. It might be due to many factors.
Language functions as a tool of human communication. So whether or not
English and Muko-Muko have different structures should be known in order to
developed the knowledge, science and technology.
In English, there are nine Question words. Most of the Question Words are
presented with WH-Question. And the aim of the Question Words is for getting
the information. Muko-Muko language has eight Question words and all of them
used to get the information as well.
The phenomenon in Muko-Muko language that attract attention of the
writer’s curiosity is about the languages that exist in the regions of Indonesia.
And Muko-Muko language is the language that almost similar to Malay, Java
and Minang language. Muko-Muko district is one of the districts in the province
of Bengkulu, Indonesia, as a division of North Bengkulu. The administration of
Muko-Muko district is bordered by:
•
•
•
•
North side of West Sumatra Province.
East of the Kerinci Seblat National Park ( TNKS ) and Jambi Province.
West side with the Indonesian Ocean.
Southern borders with the North Bengkulu.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Administratively, Muko-Muko district is divided into 15 sub-district, 132
villages and 4 urban villages. In 2006, it had a population of 131.984 people,
made up of 67.721 men and 64.263 woman with population density accounted
for 33/km².
Most residents of Muko-Muko are migrants from Minang, Java, Sunda,
and so forth. Therefore, Bengkulu including Muko-Muko since the Dutch
colonial era to become a " Land of Hope" for the people outside of Bengkulu. Of
that number 37.4% Javanese, Sundanese 6.3% , 5.4% and the rest of Bali,
Minang, Bugis, Malay, Rejang, Serawai, Lembak, as well as others. So, MukoMuko language is nearly similar to Malay language, Minang language and Java
language.
1.2 Problem of the Study
The problems of analysis in this thesis are:
What are the functions of Question words in English and Muko-Muko?
What are the similarities and differences between English and MukoMuko Question words?
1.3 Objective of the Study
The objective of this study will be expected as follows:
To find out the functions of Question words in English and Muko-Muko.
To find out the similarities and differences between English and MukoMuko Question words.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
1.4 Scope of the Study
The scope of analysis in this study will be limited to Question words in
English and Muko-Muko. The Question words in English, are “who”, “whom”,
“what”, “when”, “where”, “which”, “why”, “whose” and “how”. And the
Question words in Muko-Muko, are “apo”, “mengapo”, “dimano”, “siapo”,
“bilo”, “mano”, “berapo” and “macam mano”.
1.5 Significance of the Study
The significances of the study are:
To give the insight into similarities and differences between English and
Muko-Muko Question words.
To give the information as well as useful contribution to English students
and teachers.
To give detailed description of the similarities and differences between the
languages contrasted.
Universitas Sumatera Utara