I choose the title that related to the writing because I found that there is reality that the errors still appear in students’s writing, including the students that
study at English course. I choose the sixth semester students of D-3 English Department of Faculty of Letters of USU because they are students who has a
lecture about how write a good paragraph and an essay at their curriculum that given by their faculty. They also have learnt the writing subject for five semester
and the way of writing a paragraph they have got at the fifthe semester. So, with English grammar and many aspects of English have been their strong basic to
develop their knowledge and skill in writing English paragraph. Based on their wiriting, I can conclude whether they minimalize such kinds of errors in writing a
good and correct paragraph which should consists of unity, coherence, and logical orders.
1.2 Scope of the Analysis
The analysis is limited on the use of unity and coherence that can be categorized as the syntactical erros in writing English paragraph made by D-3
English students who have been given the strong basic of English grammar at the university in order to be able to use English well. The analysis is on students’ data
in combining and constructing words and sentences to arrange a paragraph based on Oshima’s and Hague’s 1999 theory of writing good paragraph and essay.
1.3 Problems of the Analysis
The problems of this thesis that I research are : a.
What type of errors of unity and coherence made by the D-3 students in writing a paragraph ?
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b. What are big type of uniy and coherence that found in the D-3 students
writing ?
c. What are difficulties the students face in writing a good paragraph ?
d. How well the students apply Oshima’s and Hague’s theory of writing
English paragraph ? 1.4 Objectives of the Analysis
The objectives of the analysis that includes some found results after doing this researh and some answers linked with poblems of the analyis are :
1. to find out the type of errors of unity and coherence made by the D-3
students in writing a paragraph 2.
to find out the what the big type of uniy and coherence that found in the D3 students writing is
3. to describe difficulties the students face in writing a good paragraph
4. to figure out how well the students apply Oshima’s and Hague’s theory of
writing English paragraph
1.5 Significances of the Analysis
Through doing the analysis, I wish this thesis can be an useful information theoretically and practically. Therefore, the significances of my thesis are stated as
follow : Theoretically, the significances of my thesis are :
1. to eliminate the students’ errors in using English especially in the study of
writing so that they know how to use the right one
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2. to know some information about writing aspect or important writing things
for the students especially the English students Practically, th e significance of my thesis is :
1. This thesis is expected to be an useful input for the students, the
researchers, and the lecturers in learning English written and error analysis of second foreign language
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CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
2.1 Definiton of Error and Error Analysis
According to Crystal 1980 : 134 – 135 : “Error is a term used in psycholinguistics referring to mistakes in
spontaneous speaking or writing attributable to a malfunctioning of the neuromuscular commands from the brain. It is thus distinct
from the traditional notion of error, which was based on the language user’s ability to conform a set of real or imagined
standards of expression.” Whereas, for the error analysis, he defines as follows :
“In language teaching and learning, error analysis is techique for identifying, classifying and systematically interpreting the
mistakes made by someone learning a foreign language, using any of the principles and procedures provided by linguistics.”
Based on that understandings, I assume that doing or having an error is
related with whether each of human has good understanding or not of knowledge in their mind and knowledge is an important thing in language learning.
Therefore, the study of error is a part of the investigation of the process of language learning. It provides us with a picture of the linguistic development of a
learner and may give us the indications as to the learner strategies to understand the second language. Second Langauge Acquisition SLA stands in contrast to
first language acquisiton It is the study of how learners learn an additional language after they have acquired their mother tongue. The study of language -
learner’s language began with the study of first language L1 acquisition. The process of language learning is similar to other process of human learning as
Brown sites 1980 : 164 in Puspita’s thesis 2004 : 17 as follows :
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