b. An interrogative sentence that asks a question. It ends with a question mark.
c. An exclamatory sentence that expresses strong feeling. It ends with an exclamation point. It is a statement that shows strong emotion.
d. An imperative sentence that gives a command or makes a request. It ends with a period. The subject is always you, which may be expressed
or understood. Then Sentences may be classified according to structure simple,
compound, complex, and compound-complex sentence
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a. A simple sentence that made up of one independent clause. It may have a compound subject and a compound predicate, both having
modifiers. b. A compound sentence that made up of two or more independent
clauses. c. A complex sentence that made up of one independent clause and one
or more dependent clauses. d. A compound-complex sentence that made up of two or more
independent clauses and one or more dependent clauses. And Celce-Murcia and Larsen-Freeman in The Grammar Book stated
English sentence are said to display three main moods –declarative sometimes called indicative, interrogative, and imperative- and two
minor moods: exclamatory and subjunctive. Mood conveys the speaker’s attitude toward the factual content of the sentence.
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H. Declarative Sentence
1. Definition
The declarative mood is the mood used in most main clauses. It sometimes called as indicative mood. Declarative Sentences are used to
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Classification of
sentence ,
retrieved June
19, 2009,
from http:www.tpub.comcontentreligion14231css14231_168.htm
, p. 1.
49
Celce-Murcia and Larsen-Freeman, 1999, The Grammar Book: An ESLEFL Teacher’s Course
, 2
nd
Ed., New York: Heinle Heinle, p. 21.
convey information or to makeform statements. They state a fact or an argument.
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They consist of a subject and a predicate. The subject may be a simple subject or a compound subject. The subject is placed in front of
the verb. In other words, in a declarative sentence the subject and predicate have a normal word order. The sentence ends with a period called a full
stop in British English in writing and a drop in pitch in speech. It may take the passive and negative form.
In most English declarative sentences, the noun phrase that precedes the verb is the subject, and one that immediately follows the verb is a
direct object.
2. Function
The declarative sentences can be used for:
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a. Giving information E.g. We ate dinner at six.
b. Expressing opinion E.g. I think she is a brilliant writer.
c. Making promises E.g. I shall do everything I can to help you.
d. Making emphasis E.g. I do feel sorry for Roger.
e. Confirming that something is true, it is used as a question. Questions expressed in the declarative mood often begin with a
conjunction. E.g. So you admit something is wrong?
When you ask a question using the declarative mood, you expect the answer ‘yes’, unless you use a negative construction, in
which case you expect the answer ‘no’. E.g. You mean it’s still here? – ‘Of course.’
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Collins Cobuild, 1992, English Grammar, … p. 196.
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Collins Cobuild, 1992, English Grammar, … pp. 196-197.
You never learned the deaf and dumb alphabet? – ‘No, never.’ f. Instructing, means give an instruction in a fairly informal way with
‘you’ as the subject. E.g. You put the month and the temperature on the top line.
3. Patterns
