Background of the Study
According to Richard and Rodgers 1986: 153, the learning and teaching activities in Communicative Language Teaching are unlimited
activities which are compatible with communicative approach.The activities are designed to enable students to attain the communicative
objectives of the curriculum, engage students in communication, and require the use of communicative processes. The activities may include
information sharing, negotiation of meaning and interaction. It means language teaching should b
e able to touch students‟ life which gives students the real experience in communication. Teaching writing means
teaching students to write in their real life, fulfilling their real need in their life, at their age, and in accordance with their preference.
Meanwhile, technology has been v ery close to students‟ life
nowdays. Students get accustomed intensively to technology. Dudeney and Hockly 1988 stated that the use of technology in the classroom is
becoming increasingly important and it will become a normal part of ELT practice in the coming year. Therefore, it will be very beneficial for
students to learn English which involves their real life needs and preferences, like information and communication technology.
The learning and teaching process in Grade XI of SMAN 5 Yogyakarta however has not been perfectly carried out. Students still have
difficulties in writing texts. Students also have not experienced the right steps in writing. In the other side, students are accustomed to technology,
that is information and communication technology. To overcome this
problem, Computer Based Communication, to change students writing skill is carried out in this class. Some reasons that underline the use of
CBC in the class are: 1.
Computer Based Communication CBC is a very effective communicative language learning since it is contextual and
challenging for students. 2.
Most schools can get the internet access with cheap cost, even students can go to internet center with cheap rate if the access is not available at
schools because of certain conditions 3.
Computer Based Communication CBC with personal blog site or class blog site enables students to publish their writing product which
can be read by students and people all over the world so that students can communicate with people beyond the boundaries
4. With CBC , the process of learning writing is in accordance with right
process of writing; they experience some steps from conferencing, drafting, revising, editing, and publishing and the process can be done
online and offline. 5.
With CBC students improve their in writingskill 6.
Students get motivated and excited to experience the writing process and they produce writing products.
Besides the use of computer based communication in the class, textbook teaching cannot navigate like what the computer based
communication do. It does not provide a wealth opportunity to improve
education. Textbook as the traditional material is accordingly being challenged and reshaped. Many teachers and lecturers and students are
now aware that textbook cannot be accessed like the internet. It means that it is more difficult to get the information accessed, to improve efficiency
of teaching and learning, and to build profound human understanding across cultural boundaries. In the coming century teachers or lecturers can
and must search for creative ways to bring English and technology together so that the high school students have opportunity to learn by
doing. Suryabrata 2003: 233 states that there are many factors that can
influence the students in the learning process. The factors influencing learning can be classified into two kinds. They are external factors and
internal factors. External factors can be classified into two groups: social and non-social factors. Social factors usually come from the students
themselves and non social factors can be the place or location, the weather and time when the learning process happens. Internal factors can also be
classified into two groups. They are physiological factors and psychological factors. The physiological factors include the function of
certain organs that students have. The psychological factors cover students‟ intelligence and motivation.
Wahyuni 2008: 60 states that there are three key factors that lead to construct the definition of learning motivation. The key factors are:
firstly, motivation is a state of either cognitive or emotion; secondly,
motivation leads to real action through intellectual andor physical effort; and lastly, motivation is intended to reach out or seek the goal that has
been set up previously before learning process is started. Based on the explanation above, it has been described that Computer
Based Communiation is a material that is suitable to be applied in teaching writing for students in the eleventh grade students of SMAN 5 Yogyakarta
since it can build the four indicators of writing skill. The writer consider students‟ motivation high and low to know whether computer based
communication is suitable for students who have high motivation or low motivation, and to know whether textbook material is suitable for students
who have high motivation or low motivation. After considering the theory and the object of the study, a research determines the study which is
entitled “ Computer Based Communication: Changing Students‟ Writing Viewed from Motivation An Experimental Study at the Eleventh Grade of
SMAN 5 Yogyakarta in the 20152016 Academic Year