Technique of Analyzing Data

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3.6 Technique of Analyzing Data

After the writer finished collecting the data, several steps were needed to analyze the data. Here are the steps of analyzing the data: a Transcribing The writer transcribed the recorded conversations crudely in field notes as the first step in analyzing the data. The transcribing is also intended to make it easier for her to analyze the communication strategies that the students employed in the conversations. The writer also gave simple markings on the communication strategies appearing in the conversations. b Categorizing the communication strategies After putting simple marks on the communication strategies employed by the students, the writer categorized the communication strategies through the data cards. Here is the form of the data card that was made to categorize the communication strategies: No. Conversation Type of CS Analysis 1. Speaker 1: We are having a discussion and the topic is: Is it necessary to have a date before marriage? For me, to have a date before marriage is a… biasa? Speaker 2: Usual Speaker 1: Is a usual thing because we have to know each other before we… before we… emm… we…we…we make a…a relation with her. Message Abandonment Topic Avoidance Appeal to the Authority v Language Switch Changing Code 37 c Analyzing the communication strategies After categorizing the communication strategies, the writer deeply analyzed them in this step, also through the data card. Here is the example: No. Conversation Type of CS Analysis 1. Speaker 1: We are having a discussion and the topic is: Is it necessary to have a date before marriage? For me, to have a date before marriage is a… biasa? Speaker 2: Usual Speaker 1: Is a usual thing because we have to know each other before we… before we… emm… we…we…we make a…a relation with her. Message Abandonment The speaker intends to say that to have a date before marriage is a usual thing, but at this point she is hard to find the term “biasa” in the target language, therefore, she asks the interlocutors to supply the correct term in English. Topic Avoidance Appeal to the Authority v Language Switch Changing Code d Quantifying Categorizing and analyzing the communication strategies used in the conversation, the writer continued to account the amount of frequency of each type of CS’s used in the conversation. This step aimed to know what type of CS’s were most frequently used by English department students of UNNES in making conversation in speaking class. In doing this step, she used a simple formula as follows: of each strategy= frequency of each strategy X 100 the amount of strategies used 38 e Finding the result of investigation The writer found the result of investigation after finishing the analysis of the data and the calculation of the amount of frequency of each CS’s type used in the conversation. In this step, the writer found the type of communication strategies employed by the students during their discussions in speaking class. f Drawing conclusion The final step in writing this final project is drawing conclusion. This step was accomplished based on the description and evaluation upon the findings. CHAPTER IV DATA ANALYSIS AND FINDINGS In this chapter, the writer deals with the results and the discussions of the study. This study is intended to describe the communication strategies used by English Department students of UNNES in making conversation in speaking class. In this chapter, the writer gives descriptions about the communication strategies employed by students from the recorded conversation.

4.1 Data Analysis