Theoretical Framework REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

29 1. Organization In identifying major organizing ideas, the researcher needed to make some categorization. Therefore, the researcher searched the utterances which contain of swear words in the script. The researcher broke down the script into smaller units. The smaller units can be the form of a sentence or individual words. 2. Describing, Classifying and Interpreting In a detailed description, the researcher described what was seen in the movie and took further action by classifying the types and the motives. In the classification, the researcher took the qualitative information. Then the researcher made some categories of information. After that, the interpretation was done to make sense of the data and read the meaning of the data. In this research, the researcher described the data by making categories in the form of tables. After that the researchers interpreted the data. Table 3.1 is the table used by the researcher to classify the types of swear words and the motives of swearing used by Susan Cooper in the Spy movie. Tabel 3.1 Format of the Table of the Types and Motives of Swear Words in the Spy Movie No Code Time Dialogue Swear Words Types Motives Explanation E S A B S H S A U S P M S M L M 1. ES-PM 00:22:30, 016 Susan: No, no, no Damn it Fine? Damn . 2. ES-PM 01:03:46 Rayna: Looks like you ate a box of crayons. Susan: Damn it. Damn Total 30 Legend and Abbreviations: 01:14:47 : Hour: 01; Minute: 14; Second: 47 ES : Expletive Swear Words PM : Psychological Motive ABS : Abusive Swear Words SM : Social Motive HS : Humorous Swear Words LM : Linguistic Motive AUS : Auxiliary Swear Words 3. Presenting the Data After the swear words uttered by the main character were found, the researcher summarized the data. Further, the researcher also interpreted the data found.

F. Research Procedure

This section explains the process of the research. The research was conducted in six steps.

1. Selecting the Research Questions

The first step, the researcher decided to choose swear words in this research. Then the researcher focused on Susan Cooper ’s conversation in the Spy movie as the data source. The researcher formulated two research questions. The first one deal with the types of swear words used by Susan Cooper. The second one deals with the motives of swearing used by Susan Cooper in the Spy movie.

2. Reviewing Related Literature

The researcher reviewed some theories about the types of swear words and the motives of swear words. The theories of the types of swear words were presented by Andersson and Trudgill 1992. The motives of swearing were presented by Andersson’s 1985 theory as cited in Karjalainen, 2002. The 31 theories used also supported by some other experts such as Jay 2009 and Freud 1991.

3. Selecting Data Source

The researcher chose Susan Cooper ’s swear words in the Spy movie to collect the data. Then the researcher made a table of the types and the motives of swear words to analyze the data.

4. Collecting Data

The researcher watched the Spy movie for fifth times. While watching the movie the researcher tried to analyze the features used by the main character. After that, the researcher searched for the transcript of the movie.

5. Analyzing Data

After the script of the movie was found, the researcher started to find the swear words used by Susan Cooper in the movie. The researcher broke down the feature into some categories. After that, the researcher put each category into the table. Further, the researcher described and elaborated the data.

6. Drawing Conclusions

The last step of this research was drawing conclusions based on the findings. For the first research question, the researcher provided a report about the types of swear words used by Susan Cooper. Further, the researcher answered the second research question by elaborating the motives of swearing used by Susan Cooper. PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI