commit to user
37 appear in teaching vocabulary during the instructional process in the classroom.
The action research was conducted collaboratively. Teacher was as practitioner who implemented the action and writer was her facilitator and observer.
D. The Model of Action Research
The model of action research used in this study was based on the model developed by Kemmis and McTaggart 1985. According to the model, the
implementation of the lassroom action research includes four steps in the following:
1. Identifying problems and planning the action
2. Implementing the action and observing or monitoring the action
3. Reflecting the result of the observation, and
4. Revising the plan for the following step
Based on Hopkins point of view 1993: 48, this model can be illustrated as follows:
The model of action research can be seen from the next page:
commit to user
38 B.
The Procedure of Research
In this classroom action research, the action research was conducted collaboratively. Teacher was as practitioner who implemented the action and
writer was her facilitator and observer. In this classroom action research, each procedures takes six stepa that form one cycle, they are as follows:
1. Identifying the problem
The teacher identifies the problems before planning the action. The problem refers to student’s motivation and difficulty in mastering vocabulary. The
teacher and the writer identified the problems by using two techniques. They were:
Plan
reflection
Action
observation Revised plan
reflectio
n
Action observation
Revised plan
commit to user
39 a.
Using test The teacher and the writer made written and oral tests of vocabulary as
pretest and posttest to know the student’s ability. b.
Observation and interviews The writer observed the students’ behavior during the lesson and made
interview to the second grade teacher to know the model of class management and students’ competence.
2. Planning the action
The teacher and the writer prepared everything related to the action as follows:
a. Preparing materials, making lesson plan, and designing the steps in
doing the action. b.
Preparing sheets for classroom observation. It is prepared to knowing the situation of teaching learning process when the technique is
applied. c.
Preparing teaching aids for example pictures, text book etc. d.
Preparing a test. It is prepared to know whether student’ vocabulary learning improves or not. Thus can be identified how effective of the
technique. 3.
Implementing the action The teacher implements the teaching and learning activity of vocabulary
using Total Physical Response to the fourth grade students of SD Negeri Blulukan
commit to user
40 1, Colomadu, Karanganyar. In implementing the action, he arranges general plans
as stated by Richard and Rogers 2001. The following is the illustration of the steps in teaching vocabulary using TPR on each cycle:
a. Review
This is a fast-moving warming up in which individual students will move by commands. The purpose is to check the students’ understanding about the
last lesson and to warm-up students’ readiness in new material before they really enter the new material.
b. New commands
Here, the teacher introduces some new vocabularies, such as: Point to the washing machine picture
Touch to the washing machine picture Next, the instructor asks simple questions which the students could answer
easily, as follow: What is the function of washing machine? it is for washing the clothes
c. Role reversal
Students readily volunteer to utter commands that manipulated the behaviour of the instructor and other students.
d. Reading and writing
commit to user
41 The instructor writes each new vocabulary item and a sentence to illustrate
the vocabulary. Then, he pronounces each item and acts out the sentence. The students listen as the teacher read the materials. Some copy the information in
their books. Richard and Rogers: 77-78 4.
Observing or monitoring the action The teacher, as a researcher, observes all activities in the teaching and
learning process with his collaborator. 5.
Reflecting the result of the observation The teacher makes as investigation based on her observation and his
collaborator’s note to find the weaknesses of the teaching activity that will be carried out.
6. Revising plan
Based on the weaknesses from the activity, the teacher will revise the plan for the next cycle. It takes 2 cycles to overcome all students’ problems in
vocabulary mastery.
C. Technique of Collecting Data
