They must have paid a lot of money fifty dollars ? for that meal. - Misusing the Question Mark
Do not use a question mark at the end of an indirect question : I wonder who wrote this song?
REVISED : I wonder who wrote this song? - Using the Exclamation Point
Use the exclamation point to mark the end of an exclamatory sentence, phrase, or word :
Men are walking on the moon What a spectacular view
- Misusing the Exclamation Point Do not overse exclamation points. Too many of them will dull your effect :
We finally got there We thought we’d never make it But we were there at last
REVISED : We finally got there. We thought we’d never make it. But we were there at last
4. Quotation Marks and Quoting
Quoting Words, Phrases and Short Passages of Prose
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- Use double quotation marks “ “ to enclose any words, phrases, or short passage quoted from speech, writing, or printed matter :
“Macbeth imagines there is blood on her hand and cries. “Out, damned spot” “An agnostic, “writes Clarence Darrow, is a doubter”
- Using Double and Single Quotation Marks 1. Use double quotation marks to enclose the words or speakers engaged in dialogue
conversation, and start a new paragraph each time the speaker changes : “How did the interview go? , Bob asked
“Well, it sounds as if you might get the job. If you do, let’s celebrate”. 2. Use a single quotation marks “ “ to enclose a quotation within a quotation:
“At the beginning of the class, Professors Baker asked, “Where does Thoreau speak of desperation’ and what does he mean by this phrase?
- Using Quotation Marks with Other Punctuation To punctuate quotations, you must often use quotations marks with other punctuation.
Here are guidelines. 1. Use a comma or a colon introduce a quotation :
Frank said, “let’s buy some beer and a pizza.” Carl Jung writes : “Ideas spring from something greater than the personal
human being.”
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2. Use a comma to mark the end of a quoted sentence that is followed by and identifying tag :
“It’s time to eat” said John “I’m leaving tomorrow,” said Nancy. “We can clean up when I go back”.
But do not use the comma if the quoted sentence ends in a question mark or an exclamation point :
“What’s the evidence?” the scientist asks “Get out,” he screamed
As these examples show, even after full stop the tag begins with a lower-case letter, not capital.
3. Use a pair of commas to set off a tag that interrupts a quoted sentence. Whether spoken or written:
I have noticed, “Benwick Branch declared, ”that no one else arrives at work on time.”
“ideas”, writes Carl Jung, “spring from something greater than the personal human being.”
The second part of the quotation does not begin with a capital letter because it does not begin a new sentence. It completes the sentences that was interrupted
by the tag. 4. Use a period to mark the end of a quoted statement that is not followed by a tag :
John said, “I’m hungry.”
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5. When you use a comma or period at the end of a quotation, put it inside the closing quotation mark :
One of the astronauts said, “The earth looked unbelievably beautiful from the spaceship.”
6. When you use a semicolon or a colon at the end of a quotation, put it outside the closing quotation mark :
The senator announced, “I will not seek reelection”; then he left the room. The new contract has “new benefits for women” : payment for overtime,
maternity leave, and seniority privileges. 7. When you use a question mark or an exclamation point at the end of a quotation,
put it inside the closing quotation mark only if it belongs to the quotations : otherwise, put it outside :
Who wrote, What’s in a name?” Suddenly he screamed, Get out”
Wherever you put the question mark of the exclamation point, do not use a period with it.
8. When that introduces a quotation, use no comma after it and no capital to start the quotation unless begin with a proper name.
Carl Jung writes that “ideas spring from something greater than the personal human being”.
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CHAPTER III DESCRIPTION OF GRAMMATICAL ERRORS IN DESCRIPTIVE PARAGRAPH
IN JAKARTA POST’S ARTICLE
D’ Angelo 1980: 117 says that description is a way picturing images verbally in writing and arranging those images in some kinds of logical or associational pattern.
Descriptive Paragraph reproduces the way things, looks, smell, taste, fell or sound. It is not tell the story, but to say as a happiness, loneliness, fear, sad and beauty someone.
According to Mc. Quade 1980: 280 says that there are two kinds of description as shown in the following :
1. Objective description, which is primarily factual any attention to the writer.
The writer use to make an impartial presentation of observable facts. 2.
Subjective description includes attention to both the subject described and the writers reaction to it. They use it whenever they want to convey their personal
interpretations of an object, place, person, or state of mind. From the classification above, objective description is tended to facts that being
described. In order, the reader can feel to what writer feel. Then the subjective description is tended to the writers reaction, opinion, thought towards, the objective being described. It
makes the readers can understand the interpretation of the writer based on the object. Therefore, a writer needs to pay close attention not only to the details of what is being
described but also to the sequence the movement thought in the description itself. Based on those classification, there are few purpose of the descriptive paragraph
according to Mc Quade 1980: 284 those are :
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1. Describing a Personality.
