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Research Design RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

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CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

In this chapter, the researcher discusses the methodology of this study in order to answer the research question, which is mentioned in Chapter I. This chapter is divided into six parts. They are the Research Design, Research Setting, Research Participant, Instruments and Data Gathering Technique, Data Analysis Technique, and Research Procedure.

3.1 Research Design

3.1.1 Quasi Experimental Design Bluman 2012: 45 states that quasi experimental design is a research design which is quite often applied in education where the groups have already been formed. This type of research does not include the use of random assignment. There are two groups being compared in this type of research. a. Control Group. Control group is a group in experiment research design, which is not manipulated by the treatment. b. Experimental Group. Experimental group is a group in experiment research design, which is manipulated by the treatment. This study is categorized as a quasi-experimental research design, in which classical pretest- posttest were used. There are two variables in this study, which are dependent and independent variables. The independent variable is discussion technique. The dependent variable is the students ’ speaking mastery. The total 30 population of participants was randomly divided into two groups of sample: the control group, and the experimental group. The experimental group was taught using the discussion technique and the control group was taught without using the discussion technique. In the experimental group, the students were asked to form a group and discussed the particular topics. The chosen topics were interesting and controversial, so the students are encouraged to develop their critical thinking, cognitive ability, and socio emotional attitude. The activities were focused on encouraging students to speak. The students were also invited to give opinion, make summary, and interpret the topic. Moreover, each group also presented the result of the discussion and the rest of a group had a chance to ask questions and give comments or feedbacks. The researcher compared the pretest results with the posttest results from both groups. Any difference between the two samples is assumed to be the results of the experiment.

3.2 Research Setting

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