A TRANSLATION ANALYSIS OF METAPHORICAL EXPRESSIONS IN THE NOVEL JOURNEY TO THE CENTER OF THE EARTH.
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A TRANSLATION ANALYSIS OF METAPHORICAL EXPRESSIONS IN
THE NOVEL JOURNEY TO THE CENTER OF THE EARTH
A THESIS
Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of Requirement
For S1 – Degree in English Department
By :
SUCI YATININGSIH
C0306049
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF LETTERS AND FINE ARTS
SEBELAS MARET UNIVERSITY
2013
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PRONOUNCEMENT
Name: SUCI YATININGSIH
NIM: C0306049
States truthfully that the thesis entitled A Translation Analysis of
Metaphorical Expressions in the Novel Journey to the Center of the Earth is
originally written by the researcher. It is neither a plagiarism nor made by others.
The statements which do not belong to the researcher are written in quotation and
included within the bibliography.
If in the future it is proved that the researcher cheats, the researcher is
ready to accept the academic sanction.
Surakarta, July 2013
The Researcher,
Suci Yatiningsih
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MOTTO
Man Jadda wa Jada !
“Those words are most pleasant which give us new
knowledge. Strange words have no meaning for us;
common terms we know already. It is metaphor which
gives us most of this pleasure”
(Aristotle)
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DEDICATION
I
whole-heartedly dedicate this thesis to:
My beloved Bapa’
My lovely
And all
and Mama’,
Brothers and Sisters,
People whom I love
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ACKNOWLEDGMENT
First of all, I’d like to say Alhamdulillahirobbil’alamin for the blessing
given by Allah SWT. He is the best guide for human living and with Him, the life
will be nice and wonderful. All praise is also given to His messenger, Muhammad
SAW.
I realize that without supports from the people surrounding me, I am sure
that I am not able to accomplish this thesis successfully. Therefore, I would like to
give my special thank to all of them who have given me valuable contributions.
My gratitude goes to:
1. The dean of faculty of Letters and Fine Arts of Sebelas Maret University,
Drs. Riyadi Santosa, M.Ed, Ph.D, for approving this thesis.
2. Drs. Agus Hari Wibowo, M. A, Ph. D, the Head of English Department,
for giving me admission to this thesis to be examined.
3. My thesis consultant, Mrs. Ida Kusuma Dewi, S. S, M. A, for her concern,
guidance, support, and critical advice to me in this thesis.
4. My academic consultant, Ms. Dyah Ayu Nila Khrisna, S.S., M. Hum. for
the advice and guidance during my study in Sebelas Maret University.
5. All the lecturers of English Department who have taught me well and
shared their knowledge and experiences.
6. My raters; Ms. Yunita Widiyantari, S. S., M. Hum., Mr. Sumardiono, S.S,
M. Hum., Ms. Wulandari, S. P., and Ms. Riannawati, S. S. M. Hum for the
comments, inputs, and suggestions.
7. All the respondents involved in the research, Ms. Wahyu Trinarningsih,
S.E., Dinar Rusydiana, Norma Ambarwati, S. Si, Sutarmanto and Hary.
Thanks a million for you all.
At last, I do realize that this thesis is far from being perfect. Therefore,
suggestion and criticism will be kindly accepted. Hopefully, this thesis will be
beneficial for English Department students and for those who are interested in
translation.
Surakarta, July 2013
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SuciYatiningsih
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE ……………………………………………………………………
i
APPROVAL BY THE THESIS SUPERVISOR …….………………….
ii
APPROVAL BY THE BOARD OF EXAMINERS …………………….
iii
PRONOUNCEMENT …………………………………………………...
iv
……………………………………………………………
v
DEDICATION ……………………………………………………………
vi
ACKNOWLEDGMENT ……………………………….………………...
vii
TABLE OF CONTENTS..….………………………….………………...
viii
LIST OF TABLES ……………………………………………………….
x
ABSTRACT………………………………………………………………
xi
MOTTO
CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION
A. Research Background ……...………………………………………
1
B. Problem Limitation …………………………………………...........
6
C. Problem Statements …………………………………………...........
6
D. Research Objectives ………………………………………………..
7
…………………………………………...........
7
F. Thesis Organization ………………………………….......................
8
E. Research Benefits
CHAPTER II: LITERATURE REVIEW
………………………………………..
10
B. Definition of Metaphorical Expression ..………………………….
12
C.Types of Metaphorical Expression …..……………………………
14
D. Problems in Translating Metaphor ….……………………………..
17
E. Strategies in Translating Metaphorical Expression …………………
20
F. Quality of Translation .………………………………………….......
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A. Definition of Translation
viii
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CHAPTER III: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
………………………………………...............
23
………………………………………..
24
C. Sampling Technique ……………....……………………………….
26
D. Method of Data Collection ………………………………………..
28
E. Technique of Data Analysis ...……………………………………..
31
F. Research Procedure ……....……………………………………......
31
A. Type of Research
B. Data and Source of Data
CHAPTER IV: RESEARCH FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION
A. Types of Metaphorical Expression……………………………........
33
B. Translation Strategies……………………………………………….
59
C. The Quality of Translation..…………………………………………
89
D. Discussion ………………………………………………………….
114
CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
A. Conclusion …………………………………………………............
121
…………………………………………………
123
BIBLIOGRAPHY …………………………………………………….
125
B. Recommendation
APPENDICES
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LIST OF TABLES
Table 3.1
The scales of translation accuracy
29
Table 3.2
The scales of translation acceptability
29
Table 3.3
The scales of translation readability
30
Table 4.1
The data belonging to abstract-concrete metaphor
37
Table 4.2
The data belonging to sinaesthetic metaphor
50
Table 4.3
The data belonging to anthropomorphic metaphor
55
Table 4.4
The data belonging to animal metaphor
58
Table 4.5
The application of translating metaphor into metaphor with the
63
similar meaning and form on the data
Table 4.6
The application of translating metaphor without keeping
78
metaphorical imagery on the data
Table 4.7
The application of translating metaphor into metaphor with the
84
similar meaning but different form on the data
Table 4.8
The application of translating metaphor into simile on the data
87
Table 4.9
The classification of translation accuracy
97
Table 4.10
The classification of translation acceptability
105
Table 4.11
The classification of translation readability
112
Table 4.12
The influence of translation strategy to translation quality
115
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A TRANSLATION ANALYSIS OF METAPHORICAL EXPRESSIONS IN
THE NOVEL JOURNEY TO THE CENTER OF THE EARTH
Suci Yatiningsih*
ABSTRACT
2013. Thesis. English Regular Program. Surakarta. English Department,
Faculty of Letters and Fine Arts, Sebelas Maret University.
This research focuses on the analysis of the translation of metaphorical
expressions in the novel Journey to the Center of the Earth into Indonesian in
Perjalanan ke Pusat Bumi. The objectives of this research are (1) to find out the
types of metaphorical expression,(2)to find out the translation strategies applied
by the translator in translating metaphorical expressions, (3) to find out the
translation quality in term of accuracy, acceptability and readability of
metaphorical expressions. This research is descriptive qualitative. A purposive
sampling technique was employed in this research. The data are all metaphorical
expressions in the novel entitled Journey to the Center of the Earth. The other
data are taken from the questionnaires assessed by three raters and five
respondents. The total data of metaphorical expression in the novel are 151 data.
The analysis on type of metaphorical expression shows that there are four types of
metaphor found in the novel Journey to the Center of the Earth. They are abstractconcrete metaphor (116 data or 76, 8%), sinaesthetic metaphor (18 data or 11,
9%), anthropomorphic metaphor (9 data or 6 %), and animal metaphor (8 data or
5, 3%).
The analysis on the translation strategy shows that there are four strategies applied
by translator in translating metaphors. They are translating metaphor into
metaphor with the similar meaning and form (85 data or 56, 3%), translating
metaphor without keeping the metaphorical imagery (30 data or 19, 9%),
translating metaphor into metaphor with the similar meaning but different form
(26 data or 17, 2%), and translating metaphor into simile (10 data or 6, 6%).
The analysis on the translation accuracy shows that 102 data or 67, 5% from the
total data are accurate, 48 data or 31, 8% are less accurate and one datum or 0, 7%
is inaccurate. The analysis on the translation acceptability shows that 111 data or
73, 5% are acceptable, 40 data or 26, 5% are less acceptable, and no datum is
unacceptable.
The analysis on translation readability shows that 63 data or 41,7 % are readable,
86 data or 57 % are less readable, and 2 data or 1, 3% are unreadable.
* Mahasiswa Jurusan Sastra Inggris dengan NIM C0306049
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The strategy resulting translations with high level of accuracy is translating
metaphor into metaphor with the similar meaning and form while the strategy
resulting in low level of accuracy is translating metaphor into simile. The strategy
resulting acceptable translations are all strategies consisting of translating
metaphor into metaphor with the similar meaning and form, translating metaphor
without keeping metaphorical imagery, translating metaphor into metaphor with
the similar meaning but different form, and translating metaphor into simile.
However, the strategies which result in translations with high level of
acceptability are translating metaphor into metaphor with the similar meaning and
form and translating metaphor without keeping metaphorical imagery.
Meanwhile, the strategy which results in translations with low level of
acceptability is translating metaphor into simile. The translation strategy resulting
in readable translations with high percentage than others is translating metaphor
into metaphor with the similar meaning and form.
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digilib.uns.ac.id
A TRANSLATION ANALYSIS OF METAPHORICAL EXPRESSIONS IN
THE NOVEL JOURNEY TO THE CENTER OF THE EARTH
A THESIS
Submitted as a Partial Fulfillment of Requirement
For S1 – Degree in English Department
By :
SUCI YATININGSIH
C0306049
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF LETTERS AND FINE ARTS
SEBELAS MARET UNIVERSITY
2013
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PRONOUNCEMENT
Name: SUCI YATININGSIH
NIM: C0306049
States truthfully that the thesis entitled A Translation Analysis of
Metaphorical Expressions in the Novel Journey to the Center of the Earth is
originally written by the researcher. It is neither a plagiarism nor made by others.
The statements which do not belong to the researcher are written in quotation and
included within the bibliography.
If in the future it is proved that the researcher cheats, the researcher is
ready to accept the academic sanction.
Surakarta, July 2013
The Researcher,
Suci Yatiningsih
commit to user
iv
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digilib.uns.ac.id
MOTTO
Man Jadda wa Jada !
“Those words are most pleasant which give us new
knowledge. Strange words have no meaning for us;
common terms we know already. It is metaphor which
gives us most of this pleasure”
(Aristotle)
commit to user
v
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digilib.uns.ac.id
DEDICATION
I
whole-heartedly dedicate this thesis to:
My beloved Bapa’
My lovely
And all
and Mama’,
Brothers and Sisters,
People whom I love
commit to user
vi
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ACKNOWLEDGMENT
First of all, I’d like to say Alhamdulillahirobbil’alamin for the blessing
given by Allah SWT. He is the best guide for human living and with Him, the life
will be nice and wonderful. All praise is also given to His messenger, Muhammad
SAW.
I realize that without supports from the people surrounding me, I am sure
that I am not able to accomplish this thesis successfully. Therefore, I would like to
give my special thank to all of them who have given me valuable contributions.
My gratitude goes to:
1. The dean of faculty of Letters and Fine Arts of Sebelas Maret University,
Drs. Riyadi Santosa, M.Ed, Ph.D, for approving this thesis.
2. Drs. Agus Hari Wibowo, M. A, Ph. D, the Head of English Department,
for giving me admission to this thesis to be examined.
3. My thesis consultant, Mrs. Ida Kusuma Dewi, S. S, M. A, for her concern,
guidance, support, and critical advice to me in this thesis.
4. My academic consultant, Ms. Dyah Ayu Nila Khrisna, S.S., M. Hum. for
the advice and guidance during my study in Sebelas Maret University.
5. All the lecturers of English Department who have taught me well and
shared their knowledge and experiences.
6. My raters; Ms. Yunita Widiyantari, S. S., M. Hum., Mr. Sumardiono, S.S,
M. Hum., Ms. Wulandari, S. P., and Ms. Riannawati, S. S. M. Hum for the
comments, inputs, and suggestions.
7. All the respondents involved in the research, Ms. Wahyu Trinarningsih,
S.E., Dinar Rusydiana, Norma Ambarwati, S. Si, Sutarmanto and Hary.
Thanks a million for you all.
At last, I do realize that this thesis is far from being perfect. Therefore,
suggestion and criticism will be kindly accepted. Hopefully, this thesis will be
beneficial for English Department students and for those who are interested in
translation.
Surakarta, July 2013
commit to user
SuciYatiningsih
vii
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digilib.uns.ac.id
TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE ……………………………………………………………………
i
APPROVAL BY THE THESIS SUPERVISOR …….………………….
ii
APPROVAL BY THE BOARD OF EXAMINERS …………………….
iii
PRONOUNCEMENT …………………………………………………...
iv
……………………………………………………………
v
DEDICATION ……………………………………………………………
vi
ACKNOWLEDGMENT ……………………………….………………...
vii
TABLE OF CONTENTS..….………………………….………………...
viii
LIST OF TABLES ……………………………………………………….
x
ABSTRACT………………………………………………………………
xi
MOTTO
CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION
A. Research Background ……...………………………………………
1
B. Problem Limitation …………………………………………...........
6
C. Problem Statements …………………………………………...........
6
D. Research Objectives ………………………………………………..
7
…………………………………………...........
7
F. Thesis Organization ………………………………….......................
8
E. Research Benefits
CHAPTER II: LITERATURE REVIEW
………………………………………..
10
B. Definition of Metaphorical Expression ..………………………….
12
C.Types of Metaphorical Expression …..……………………………
14
D. Problems in Translating Metaphor ….……………………………..
17
E. Strategies in Translating Metaphorical Expression …………………
20
F. Quality of Translation .………………………………………….......
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A. Definition of Translation
viii
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CHAPTER III: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
………………………………………...............
23
………………………………………..
24
C. Sampling Technique ……………....……………………………….
26
D. Method of Data Collection ………………………………………..
28
E. Technique of Data Analysis ...……………………………………..
31
F. Research Procedure ……....……………………………………......
31
A. Type of Research
B. Data and Source of Data
CHAPTER IV: RESEARCH FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION
A. Types of Metaphorical Expression……………………………........
33
B. Translation Strategies……………………………………………….
59
C. The Quality of Translation..…………………………………………
89
D. Discussion ………………………………………………………….
114
CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
A. Conclusion …………………………………………………............
121
…………………………………………………
123
BIBLIOGRAPHY …………………………………………………….
125
B. Recommendation
APPENDICES
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LIST OF TABLES
Table 3.1
The scales of translation accuracy
29
Table 3.2
The scales of translation acceptability
29
Table 3.3
The scales of translation readability
30
Table 4.1
The data belonging to abstract-concrete metaphor
37
Table 4.2
The data belonging to sinaesthetic metaphor
50
Table 4.3
The data belonging to anthropomorphic metaphor
55
Table 4.4
The data belonging to animal metaphor
58
Table 4.5
The application of translating metaphor into metaphor with the
63
similar meaning and form on the data
Table 4.6
The application of translating metaphor without keeping
78
metaphorical imagery on the data
Table 4.7
The application of translating metaphor into metaphor with the
84
similar meaning but different form on the data
Table 4.8
The application of translating metaphor into simile on the data
87
Table 4.9
The classification of translation accuracy
97
Table 4.10
The classification of translation acceptability
105
Table 4.11
The classification of translation readability
112
Table 4.12
The influence of translation strategy to translation quality
115
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perpustakaan.uns.ac.id
digilib.uns.ac.id
A TRANSLATION ANALYSIS OF METAPHORICAL EXPRESSIONS IN
THE NOVEL JOURNEY TO THE CENTER OF THE EARTH
Suci Yatiningsih*
ABSTRACT
2013. Thesis. English Regular Program. Surakarta. English Department,
Faculty of Letters and Fine Arts, Sebelas Maret University.
This research focuses on the analysis of the translation of metaphorical
expressions in the novel Journey to the Center of the Earth into Indonesian in
Perjalanan ke Pusat Bumi. The objectives of this research are (1) to find out the
types of metaphorical expression,(2)to find out the translation strategies applied
by the translator in translating metaphorical expressions, (3) to find out the
translation quality in term of accuracy, acceptability and readability of
metaphorical expressions. This research is descriptive qualitative. A purposive
sampling technique was employed in this research. The data are all metaphorical
expressions in the novel entitled Journey to the Center of the Earth. The other
data are taken from the questionnaires assessed by three raters and five
respondents. The total data of metaphorical expression in the novel are 151 data.
The analysis on type of metaphorical expression shows that there are four types of
metaphor found in the novel Journey to the Center of the Earth. They are abstractconcrete metaphor (116 data or 76, 8%), sinaesthetic metaphor (18 data or 11,
9%), anthropomorphic metaphor (9 data or 6 %), and animal metaphor (8 data or
5, 3%).
The analysis on the translation strategy shows that there are four strategies applied
by translator in translating metaphors. They are translating metaphor into
metaphor with the similar meaning and form (85 data or 56, 3%), translating
metaphor without keeping the metaphorical imagery (30 data or 19, 9%),
translating metaphor into metaphor with the similar meaning but different form
(26 data or 17, 2%), and translating metaphor into simile (10 data or 6, 6%).
The analysis on the translation accuracy shows that 102 data or 67, 5% from the
total data are accurate, 48 data or 31, 8% are less accurate and one datum or 0, 7%
is inaccurate. The analysis on the translation acceptability shows that 111 data or
73, 5% are acceptable, 40 data or 26, 5% are less acceptable, and no datum is
unacceptable.
The analysis on translation readability shows that 63 data or 41,7 % are readable,
86 data or 57 % are less readable, and 2 data or 1, 3% are unreadable.
* Mahasiswa Jurusan Sastra Inggris dengan NIM C0306049
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The strategy resulting translations with high level of accuracy is translating
metaphor into metaphor with the similar meaning and form while the strategy
resulting in low level of accuracy is translating metaphor into simile. The strategy
resulting acceptable translations are all strategies consisting of translating
metaphor into metaphor with the similar meaning and form, translating metaphor
without keeping metaphorical imagery, translating metaphor into metaphor with
the similar meaning but different form, and translating metaphor into simile.
However, the strategies which result in translations with high level of
acceptability are translating metaphor into metaphor with the similar meaning and
form and translating metaphor without keeping metaphorical imagery.
Meanwhile, the strategy which results in translations with low level of
acceptability is translating metaphor into simile. The translation strategy resulting
in readable translations with high percentage than others is translating metaphor
into metaphor with the similar meaning and form.
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