bab 2 sifat operasi hitung bilangan

Dcd

3

Ukhcv"Qrgtcuk"
Jkvwpi"Dkncpicp

Fk"ugdwcj"vqmq"vgtfcrcv"52"fwu"ok0
Vkcr"fwu"dgtkuk"62"ok0
Dgtcrc"dwpimwu"ok"{cpi"cfc"fk"vqmq"vgtugdwvA

Mcow"cmcp"dgnclct
ß" Ogpiiwpcmcp"ukhcv"qrgtcuk"jkvwpi"dkncpicp0
ß" Ogncmwmcp"rgpcmuktcp"fcp"rgodwncvcp0
ß" Ogogecjmcp"ocucncj"{cpi"ognkdcvmcp"wcpi0

Dcd"3"/"Ukhcv"Qrgtcuk"Jkvwpi"Dkncpicp

3

C0


Ogpigpcn"Ukhcv"Qrgtcuk"Jkvwpi"Dkncpicp
Fk"mgncu"5."mcow"ogorgnclctk"ukhcv"qrgtcuk"jkvwpi"dkncpicp0"Crc"uclc"ukhcv"
qrgtcuk"jkvwpi"dkncpicpA"Eqdc"kpicv"mgodcnk0"Ugmctcpi."c{q"rcjcok"ukhcv"qrgtcuk"
jkvwpi"dkncpicp"dgtkmwv0

30" Ukhcv"Rgtvwmctcp"*Mqowvcvkh+
Ukhcv" rgtvwmctcp" fkugdwv" lwic" mqowvcvkh0" Ukhcv" kpk" jcp{c" dgtncmw" rcfc"
rgplwoncjcp" fcp" rgtmcnkcp0" Ogpicrc" fgokmkcpA" Ugmctcpi." eqdc" mcow"
rgtjcvkmcp"wtckcp"dgtkmwv"kpk0
c0" Ukhcv"Rgtvwmctcp"fcnco"Rgplwoncjcp
C{q"rgtjcvkmcp"rgtuqcncp"dgtkmwv0
Cfk"ogoknkmk"9"dcnqp0"Dcnqp/dcnqp"vgtugdwv"fkrgicpi"qngj"mgfwc"vcpicpp{c0"
Fk"vcpicp"mktk"5"dcnqp0"Fk"vcpicp"mcpcp"6"dcnqp0"Cfk"ogpwmctmcp"rqukuk"dcnqp0"
Ugmctcpi."vcpicp"mktk"ogogicpi"6"dcnqp0"Vcpicp"mcpcp"ogogicpi"5"dcnqp0"
Crcmcj"lwoncjp{c"ocukj"vgvcr"ucoc"fgpicp"rqukuk"ugowncA

ugmctcpi"vwmct

C


5""-""6""?""9

D

Dkncpicp"rgtvcoc

6""-""5""?""9

Lcfk.
5""-""6""?""6""-""5

Dkncpicp"mgfwc

4

Rkpvct"Dgtocvgocvkmc"wpvwm"UF1OK"Mgncu"6

Dkncpicp"rgtvcoc"fk"ugdgncj"mktk"fkvwmct"ogplcfk"dkncpicp"mgfwc"fk"ugdgncj"
mcpcp0" Ycncwrwp" fkvwmct." jcuknp{c" vgvcr" ucoc0" Fgpicp" fgokmkcp." rcfc"

rgplwoncjcp"dgtncmw"ukhcv"mqowvcvkh0

Ncvkjcp
Eqdc"mgtlcmcp"fk"dwmw"vwicuow0
C0" C{q" iwpcmcp" ukhcv" mqowvcvkh0" Ectcp{c." kukncj" mqvcm" mquqpi" fgpicp"
icodct"{cpi"vgrcv0
30

-

?

-

-

?

-


-

?

-

-

?

-

40

50

60

Dcd"3"/"Ukhcv"Qrgtcuk"Jkvwpi"Dkncpicp


5

70

-

?

-

D0" C{q"iwpcmcp"ukhcv"mqowvcvkh"wpvwm"ogpikukp{c0
30" 52"-"67"?"67"-"”
40" 58"-"”""?"89"-"58
50" :;"-"332"?"”"-":;
60" ”"-"37;"?"37;"-"89
70" 467"-"53;"?"53;"-"”
80" 578"-"772"?"772"-"”
90" 852"-"993"?"”"-"852
:0" ::4"-"”"?"872"-"::4
;0" ”"-":56"?":56"-"999

320" ;;;"-"778"?"”"-"”

Vwicu
Eqdc"mcow"ugnkfkmk"icodct"dgtkmwv0



000



Eqdc"mcow"rknkj"mcvc"{cpi"vgrcv"wpvwm"ogpikukp{c."ucoc"fgpicp"cvcw"vkfcm"ucoc"
fgpicp0"Ogpicrc"mcow"ogplcycd"fgokmkcpA"Mgowmcmcp"rgpfcrcvow0

d0" Ukhcv"Rgtvwmctcp"fcnco"Rgtmcnkcp
Eqdc"mcow"rgtjcvkmcp"eqpvqj"dgtkmwv0
Ucpvk"ogodgnk"5"rcm"dwmw0"Vkcr"rcm"dgtkuk"7"dwmw0"Dgtcrc"dwmw""{cpi"fkdgnk"
UcpvkA"Mgowfkcp."Fqpk"lwic"ogodgnk"7"rcm"dwmw0"Vkcr"rcmp{c"dgtkuk"5"dwmw0"Dgtcrc"
dwmw"{cpi"fkdgnk"FqpkA"Crcmcj"dcp{cm"dwmw"Ucpvk"ucoc"fgpicp"FqpkA


6

Rkpvct"Dgtocvgocvkmc"wpvwm"UF1OK"Mgncu"6

Lcycd
Dwmw"{cpi"fkdgnk"Ucpvk

7"-"7"-"7"?"5"î"7
5"î"7"?"37"*dcp{cm"dwmw"{cpi"fkdgnk"Ucpvk"cfc"37+"
Dwmw"{cpi"fkdgnk"Fqpk

5"-"5"-"5"-"5"-"5"?"7"î"5
7"î"5"?"37"*dcp{cm"dwmw"{cpi"fkdgnk"Fqpk"cfc"37+"
Dwmw"Ucpvk"lwoncjp{c"ucoc"fgpicp"dwmw"Fqpk0"Dgfcp{c."rcm"dwmw"Ucpvk"
cfc"5"kukp{c"7"dwmw0"Ugfcpimcp."rcm"Fqpk"cfc"7"fcp"kukp{c"5"dwmw0"Lcfk."fcrcv"
fkvwnkumcp<

5""î""7""?""37

7""î""5""?""37

Dkncpicp"rgtvcoc

Lcfk.
5""î""7""?""7""î""5

Dkncpicp"mgfwc
Dkncpicp"rgtvcoc"fk"ugdgncj"mktk"fkvwmct"ogplcfk"dkncpicp"mgfwc"fk"ugdgncj"
mcpcp0" Ycncwrwp" fkvwmct" vgorcv." jcukn" rgtmcnkcpp{c" vgvcr" ucoc0" Lcfk." rcfc"
rgtmcnkcp"dgtncmw"ukhcv"rgtvwmctcp0

Dcd"3"/"Ukhcv"Qrgtcuk"Jkvwpi"Dkncpicp

7

Ncvkjcp
C0" C{q"iwpcmcp"ukhcv"mqowvcvkh"rcfc"rgtmcnkcp"wpvwm"ogpiicodctmcp"dgpfc"
dgtkmwv0
30

?


"

4"î"8"

?"

8"î"4

40"

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4"î"5"

?"

000"î"000


50"
?

"

4"î";"

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000"î"000

60" "

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"

8


4"î"32"?"

000"î"000

Rkpvct"Dgtocvgocvkmc"wpvwm"UF1OK"Mgncu"6

70

?

"

000"î"000"

?"

000"î"000

D0" C{q"mgtlcmcpncj"uqcn/uqcn"dgtkmwv"kpk0
30" 47"î"5" ?" 5"î"”
40" 52"î"32" ?" 32"î"”
50" 72"î"”" ?" 47"î"72
60" ”"î"6"

?" 6"î"347

70" ”"î"72"" ?" :"î"”
80" 6:"î"47" ?" ”"î"6:
90" 74"î"83" ?" 83"î"”
:0" 92"î"”"" ?" 84"î"92
;0" 37"î"94" ?" ”"î"37
320" ”"î";3" ?""”"î"47

40" Ukhcv"Rgpignqorqmcp"*Cuqukcvkh+"
Crcmcj"ukhcv"cuqukcvkh"dgtncmw"rcfc"ugowc"qrgtcuk"dkncpicpA"C{q"dgtucoc"
rgnclctk0

Dcd"3"/"Ukhcv"Qrgtcuk"Jkvwpi"Dkncpicp

9

c0" Ukhcv"Rgpignqorqmcp"rcfc"Rgplwoncjcp
Dcpfkpimcp"ectc"ogplwoncjmcp"dcp{cm"dgpfc"dgtkmwv0

-

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5"+"

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4"

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32

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32

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7"

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7"

Dgtfcuctmcp"wtckcp"fk"cvcu."vcorcm"dcjyc"mgfwc"oceco"rgplwoncjcp"
ogpijcuknmcp"jcukn"{cpi"ucoc0"
*"7"

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5"+"

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7"

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Rgtdgfccp"ectc"rgplwoncjcp"vgtugdwv""cfcncj"rcfc"rgplwoncjcp"{cpi"cfc"fk"
fcnco"vcpfc"mwtwpi0"Rgtnw"mcow"kpicv."dkncpicp"{cpi"cfc"fk"fcnco"mwtwpi"jctwu"
fklwoncjmcp"vgtngdkj"fcjwnw0"Dgtctvk."ukhcv"cuqukcvkh"dgtncmw"rcfc"rgplwoncjcp0

Ncvkjcp
C{q"mgtlcmcp"rgplwoncjcp"dgtkmwv"fgpicp"ukhcv"cuqukcvkh0

:

30" *35"-"36+"-"37"?"35"-"*"”"-""37+"

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40" *67"-"79+"-"83"?"67""-"*"79"-"”"+"

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50" *"7:"-"85+"-"99"?"”"-"*"85""-""99+"

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Rkpvct"Dgtocvgocvkmc"wpvwm"UF1OK"Mgncu"6

60" *":6"-"37"+"-"87"?":6"-"*"37"-"”+"

?"”

70" *";;"-"324+"-"”"?";;"-"*324"-"77+" ?"”
80" *"334"-"”+"-"6:"?"334"-"*"89"-"6:+" ?"”
90" *"”"-"435+"-"86"?";9"-"*"435"-"86+" ?"”
:0" *"446"-"324"+"-":9"?""”"-"*324""-":9+"

?"”

;0" *"576"-"33;+"-"4:"?""576"-"*”"-"4:+"?"”
320" *66:"-"578+"-";2"?"66:"-"*"”"-";2+" ?"”

Vwicu
Crcmcj" ukhcv" rgpignqorqmcp" dgtncmw" rcfc" qrgtcuk" rgpiwtcpicpA" Wpvwm"
ogpigvcjwk"lcycdcpp{c."eqdc"mcow"ugnkfkmk"qrgtcuk"rgpiwtcpicp"dgtkmwv0
*72"⁄"45+"⁄"32"?"000
72"⁄"*45"⁄"32+"?"000
Crcmcj"jcukn"rgpiwtcpicpp{c"ucocA
Crc"mgukorwncpowA

d0" Ukhcv"Rgpignqorqmcp"rcfc"Rgtmcnkcp
Eqdc"mcow"ugnkfkmk."crcmcj"ukhcv"rgpignqorqmcp"dgtncmw"rcfc"rgtmcnkcp0"
Rgtjcvkmcp"fwc"ectc"rgp{gnguckcp"rgtmcnkcp"ugectc"rgpignqorqmcp"dgtkmwv"kpk0
Dgtcrcmcj""6"î"34"î";"?"A
Cfc"fwc"ectc"wpvwm"ogp{gnguckmcpp{c0
C
*6"î"34+"î";"?"6:"î";"?"654"

D
6"î"*34"î";+"?"6"î"32:"?"654

Crcmcj"jcuknp{c"ucocA
Vgtp{cvc."jcuknp{c"ucoc0"Lcfk."rcfc"rgtmcnkcp"dgtncmw"ukhcv"rgpignqorqmcp"
*cuqukcvkh+0"

Vwicu
Crcmcj" ukhcv" rgpignqorqmcp" dgtncmw" rcfc" qrgtcuk" rgodcikcpA" Wpvwm"
ogpigvcjwk"lcycdcpp{c."eqdc"mcow"ugnkfkmk"qrgtcuk"rgodcikcp"dgtkmwv0
*72"