T1 392014515 BAB III

12

The analysis is based on structuralism and character theory as presented in previous chapter. It focuses in opposition of Calon Arang and Empu Baradah character. The purpose of the analysis is to find the binary opposition of Calon Arang and Empu Baradah. Below are the analyses:

A. Character (s), Characteristic (s), and Characterization

As presented in previous chapter that character is a person who described by author in narrative story of fiction or novel through their action, reactions, expression, gesture, and even though their name. The characteristics both of the character can be recognize by pay attention from description of both of the characters in the story. They described in the story as a parent so we can organize the characteristics both of the character through “from the rule as a parent”. Then, in the story both of the characters given name by the author in difference, base on the dominant trait of the character in the story, so we can analyze characteristics both of the characters through “title or naming”. In the story also described both of the characters life in social community, so characteristics both of the characters can be analyze through “in social relationship”. Orderly, the purpose of the analysis is to find the binary opposition of Calon Arang and Empu Baradah. To analyze their characteristics the writer would like to apply characterization method as mentioned earlier in previous chapter.

1. Characteristics through Rule as a Parent

Calon Arang and Empu Baradah presented as a parent in the novel who have a daughter. The author described Calon Arang as a witch and Empu Baradah as a priest. Their appearances presented by the author differently from that will be exercise using “characterization through appearance” and “characterization by the author”.

a. Characterization through Appearance

Commonly, the author will describe the appearance of character to give information to the reader about characteristics of the character. Through appearance description such as; their clotting style, their conversation manner, and their gesture, the reader will understand characteristics of the character. The author described Calon Arang characteristics by showing her traits to the reader that presented by her appearance such as: she has bulling and red eyes, she has fangs in her mouth, and she has ability to gush fire from her mouth as if she is a bad mother. The traits of Calon Arang can be exercise from excerpt below.

Calon Arang began to grow angry. Her eyes opened wide, her body began to tremble, her lips grew pale in color as anger drained the blood from them. Her eyes grew red, her brow became so creased her right eyebrow merged with her left, and her anger made it difficult for her to breathe. Her chest rose and fell like a billows and, finally, when her anger had reached its peak, flames burst from her mouth, ears and eyes (p: 112).

From the above paragraph, Calon Arang’s appearance and trait suggested that she is a bad mother. It also indicates that Calon Arang is a temperament person.

Empu Baradah presented in the novel by showing his appearance to the reader such as: he is a modest and astute man. Hence, the traits of Empu Baradah suggest if he is as a good parent, as quoted in the story.

Perhaps because her father, Empu Baradah, was such a wise and intelligent man, Wedawati was clever too. At night her father gave her lessons in all kinds of subjects – geography, botany, religion, ethics, and even philosophy. He wanted his daughter….’ peaceful of heart (p. 24-25).

The appearance of Empu Baradah as shown from the description above suggests that he is a good parent. He cares about his daughter by giving her lessons about much knowledge’s. It can be said that he is a good father and wise person.

Calon Arang is described as temperament person but yet she is a loving mother who does anything. It takes including staking her own life so as to make her daughter happy. This characteristic can be found from the following paragraph:

Yes, Inded, Calon Arang was an evil woman but she was a mother too, and as Ratna Manggali was her only child she loved her daughter dearly and wanted nothing but happiness for her….’ (p. 15).

The above paragraph shows us although Calon Arang is evil woman; she is a loving mother who wants nothing but only her daughter happiness. In the story, no man wanted to marry Calon Arang's daughter. This fact had raised her anger and fueled her to take revenge against people around her. Until someday, a man came to propose to her daughter even this was done only as

a ploy to defeat her. She feels happy although in the end of the story she must die in combat against Empu Baradah.

Contras to Calon Arang Empu Baradah described in the story of the novel suggest he is a less loving father because he makes decision without asks permission to her daughter when he get married to other women yet. His married causes his daughter leave the house. It shows in except below.

Empu Baradah remarried and his new wife bore him son, a half – brother for Wedawati….’someone with whom she could play and talk to at home or in the garden, and a reason not to dwell on the thought of her dearly – beloved mother ( p: 63).

…’Empu Baradah’s second wife, loved her son and showed great affection for both him and her husband. Alas, she did not show the same concern for her step – daughter. Even since she married Empu Baradah, but specially after the birth of their son, she silently wished for Wedawati to leave and find own way in the world (p: 63).

We can portray characteristic of Empu Baradah from the above paragraph. He gets married with other woman without asking consideration from his daughter. It is contras to the characteristic of Empu Baradah, as a man that masters much knowledge’s. It is also described in the story that he is a wise man, in contrary to this good trait is his decision to remarry without seeking for his daughter's opinion beforehand and later this marriage impacts her and caused her departure. It shows the readers that Empu Baradah is a less loving father or can say he is an unconcerned father.

b. Characterization by the Author

This method gives opportunities to make direct comment about characters in fiction and then later portray the character in story. Moreover, the author will make comment about personality or characteristic of character, which helps in forming opinion or imagination in the reader mind. The author portray about personality of Calon Arang that she is a witch with evil nature indeed in her personality. She is a woman that master in black magic and will use it to kill anyone else if they make mistake to her; the paragraph below is the trait of Calon Arang.

‘Calon Arang did foster a foul temperament and took great pleasure in the misfortune of others. She was a witch who possessed a mastery of evil mysteries and hence a very powerful force to be reckoned with. As a priestess she bowed to Durga, the goddess of destruction… ‘As a sham, she knew a great number of powerful mantras. Woe be to the person who defied her – and few had the courage to even try – for her spells were most efficacious (p. 15)

The paragraph above tells the reader that Calon Arang knows various mantras and she would enigmatically attack those who defy her, so it can be inferred that Calon Arang is a temperament person. Even though Calon Arang is a witch and will make any other in suffering but she is a mother who wants her daughter in happy. We can learn from except below.

… ‘Ratna Manggali was her only child and she loved her dearly. Furthermore, the widow had great many possessions and a great deal of wealth, almost an overabundance in fact, and would have willingly surrendered the all just to ensure her daughter’s happiness (The King, The Witch, and The priest p. 96).

The above paragraph tells to us although Calon Arang is a witch that often makes any other in trouble yet, she is a responsible parent who will do

anything to make her daughter in happy. It inferred that Calon Arang is a loving mother.

Difference to Calon Arang, the trait of Empu Bardah he is a man that master in much knowledge’s both religion and science. He gives lessons and consults not only to his daughter but to the other too.

After finishing the obligatory rituals, Empu Baradah turned around to face his students. Sitting cross – legged on the floor of the retreat, he spent the next several hours delivering to them various kinds of advice (p. 65).

Empu Baradah prays to his god before him starting his activity. In a retreat he offers many counsels to his student; because retreat is a religion activity wherein during so may he give counsel disciples about religion that related with a human life in this world. Thus, we can conclude beside Empu Baradah is a good father he is a wise man.

Opposite to the characteristic as a wise man Empu Baradah trait as if he is a less loving father because his remarried with other woman gives bad impact to his daughter. His second wife do not loves his daughter and makes his daughter in sadness; it causes her lives the house. It can be draws from the following paragraph.

… ‘her stepmother stopped her from entering the house and began to berate her. Not having any idea what matter was, she asked her plainly, “what have I done wrong?” but her stepmother ignored the question and to berate her until, finally, unable to take this treatment any longer, Wedawati fled from the house ( p. 66).

The above paragraph shows the second wife of Empu Baradah gives bad treatment to his daughter, by her spite words she scolds her stepdaughter

although she does not do anything wrong to her. From the description we can conclude that Empu Baradah is a less loving father or can say he is unconcerned father.

2. Characteristic through title or naming

Name is often used in fiction to give idea and to clarify the characteristic of characters. Hence, character’s name will distinguish between each character in the fiction. In real life every person has a name as their identity. This also happens in fiction or novel. Therefore, name will assert the dominant characteristic of character. Dominant characteristic determines if the character’s is bad or good in the story, for example the character given name is stone; the characteristic may refers to temperamental or emotional person. Name can be analyze by uses “characterization through used the name” and “characterization by the author” to find the characteristic of the character.

a. Characterization through used the Name

This section will discuss about two main characters in novel The king, The With And The Priest “Calon Arang” and “Empu Baradah”. Both names are originated from Indonesia language; Kamus Besar Indonesia (KBI) explains the meaning of “Arang” and “Empu” as follow.

Arang: Barang yang hitam warnanya di buat atau dari kayu yang terbakar lalu di pengap (untuk bahan bakar), atau serbuk kayu hitam bekas terbakar ( Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, p: 87).

Arang: goods with black color that made or happened from burned woods, and then used as fuels, or black powder trace of burned woods.

The definition cites to us that arang is a trace of burned wood with black color; the characteristic of Calon Arang may refer to darkness or something wicked. Below is the discussion.

The goddess the spoke soothingly, “Be still your worried heart my child. I hereby grant you permission to send forth a plague to attack your enemies (The King, The Witch and The Priest p. 19).

.... ‘Her eyes turned red and glowed so bright that hot rays of light shot from them. And then from her mouth and wars and nose there jumped tongues of flame so hot they instantly turned the three soldiers into charred mounds of flesh (The King, The Witch and The Priest p. 46).

The excepts above shows that Calon Arang is master in black magic and bows to mother of goddess and separated illness to her enemies. Her enemies is the people of Daha Kingdome especially people of Girah village because no one man want get married with her only daughter. The paragraph above also tells to us that Calon Arang getting angry easily when any other disturbs her. By all means, can say the meaning of Calon Arang is a witch with temperament indeed in her personality.

The other reason of character being given name Calon Arang may because she is a witch who deals with darkness, Calon Arang can also refer to a woman that set free from her sin and burn by holy man. We can find the meaning of Calon Arang in the story. Below is the meaning of Calon Arang that described in the novel.

The woman was astounded: “what are you doing” she screamed at the priest. “Why did you bring me back to life?”

“Dying is easy”, Empu Baradah said to her, “but there’s no use in dying if the soul is not first purified. I will purify your soul”.

Calon Arang’s heart leapt with joy. Her sins were so great but even she could find forgiveness. She realized that only the holiest of people could ever erase the scourge from her soul (p. 115 – 116).

In the story, Calon Arang died after fought Empu Baradah, but Empu Baradah knew if Calon Arang was a woman full of sins, then he brought back Calon Arang into life. He believes that the important thing when anyone dead in his or her soul should be cleansed beforehand. It happened to Calon Arang, so she was really joyful when Empu Baradah purified her soul with his spiritual ability. This clarifies the meaning of Calon Arang is a woman set free from her sin and burn by holiest man as mentioned earlier. The meaning of arang perhaps only metaphor when Empu Baradah purified Calon Arang soul from her sins through his spiritual ability. Next paragraph:

Empu: Gelar kehormatan yang berarti “Tuan”, atau orang yang ahli (Kamus Besar Bahas Indonesia, p: 389).

Empu: An honorary title means “master”, the other definition is persons who expert in their field.

Baradah is the good character in the novel like definition above. Empu is an honorary title to people that expert in their field. Empu Baradah expert in his filed because he is master in religion. The excerpt below clarifies the meaning of Empu.

“Not only a care – giver who demonstrated great concern for his fellow man, the Priest was very well read and highly knowledgeable as well. He had studied the many hymns, prayers, and liturgical formulae of the sacred Veda – the holy book for those of Hindu faith (p: 23).

From the descriptions that found in the novel, Empu Baradah is a man who master in religion. Subsequently, we can conclude that Empu Baradah is a man that expert in his field. After knowing the meaning of both the characters, in the next section we will be learning them more as follows.

b. Characterization by the Author

As mentioned earlier in this analysis, the author will comment on the personality of the character which forming the idea of character in the readers’ mind

Likewise, in novel The King, The Witch, And The Priest the author carries the readers into the story and tries to form every character into the readers mind. The purpose is to influence the readers as well emotionally engage them with every characteristics of character in the story. Now we will study about two characters in the novel Calon Arang and Empu Baradah through characterization by the author.

As this story goes, there was a village by the name of Girah in the Kingdom of Daha. Throughout the Kingdome this village had a much – feared reputation because it lived a witch by the name of Calon Arang ( p. 15).

From the little children to wizened grandparents, everyone knew of Calon Arang’s evil nature. No other witch had ever had such a bad name for her power to cause misfortune for her fellow man (p. 16).

Author’s method in portraying Calon Arang’s character is quiet comprehensible. In the narrative, author tries to emotionally involve reader, in expectancy that Calon Arang character as if in real life. This suggests that the author wants to carry the reader under unconsciousness and immerse

them into the story. From the description, we can say Calon Arang is temperament person because her power causes any other in misfortune.

As well as the idea of Calon Arang, it is also happened in Empu Baradah character. Empu Baradah is the opposite character of Calon Arang. The ideas of Empu Barada are: friendly and wise.

Empu Baradah lived in Lemah Tulis, a village in the mountain where he had established a hermitage. Because of his great faith, the people of Lemah Tulis showed him great deference and held him in high esteem (p. 23).

We can imagine how the people love Empu Baradah. If Empu Baradah is not good and friendly person, it is impossible they like him. This is how the authors inserts idea and shape them into reader mind that Empu Baradah is a wise person because people around him give high esteem to him.

3. Characteristic through in Social Relationship

In the story of the novel Calon Arang life in Girah village part of Daha Kingdome. She is a witch who bows to mother of goddess Batari Durga and she is also master in black magic and she often uses her black magic to kill any other who against her. Empu Baradah lives in Lemah Tulis village the other part of Daha Kingdome. He is always willing to help any other if they ask some help to him. From the description characteristics both of the characters can be analyze by uses “characterization through used the name, Characterization through appearance, and characterization by the author. Below are the analyses.

a. Characterization through used the Name

In previous chapter, it has been described about characterization through used the name. Characters being given name by the author means to give some clues to the reader about the characteristics of the character. The main characters in the story are Calon Arang and Empu Baradah. The meaning of both of the characters has been described in earlier of this analysis. The meaning of Calon Arang is refer to darkness or something wicked or the other reason the character being given name Calon Arang is refer to a woman set free from her sins that burn by holy man. The meaning of Empu Baradah is a man who expert in his field because he is master in religion.

Calon Arang is an arrogant person. She is such a haughty and merciless witch especially to those making mistake to her. This trait can be found from the following paragraph.

Not knowing what else to do but desperately wanting to help his son, the village chief went to Calon Arang’s home to ask for her forgiveness and to beg her to restore his son’s good health…’

Calon Arang burst into laughter at the sight of the man. Then she shouted “Boo!” and the air that was released from her windpipe struck the headman full force, freezing him in step and causing him fall to the ground…’(p. 33-34).

The above paragraph shows Calon Arang lack sympathy to others, yet only arrogance settled in her. By her spiteful words she forces anyone else who asks forgiveness and some help to bow to her. It can be inferred that Calon

Arang is arrogant person. It is confirm the meaning of Calon Arang if that name refers to darkness or something wicked.

The other reasons the character being given name Calon Arang because she is a witch that set free from her sins. Empu Baradah give lesson about goodness to her it makes she is aware about her sins. It can draw from except below.

Empu Baradah the spoke to Calon Arang, the widow from Girah, about the virtues of goodness. His lesson enlightened the woman and made her aware her crime and the evil of her deeds. The knowledge brought her great happiness and she bowed to Empu Baradah as a sign of obeisance (p. 116).

From the above paragraph shows to us if Calon Arang is a woman that set free from her sins. After she got lessons from Empu Baradah about goodness she realizes her fault, it is confirm the meaning of Calon Arang is a woman set free from her sins.

b. Characterization through Appearance

Appearance is essential in fiction because by appearance description the reader will understand characteristic of the character such as: they are as good or bad character, as a weak or strength character, and as a calm or cruel character in the story.

In narrative story Calon Arang appearance presented by the author such a frightened looks. She has ability to gush fire from her mouth, this trait

inform to us if Calon Arang appearance is really refer to scare things that quoted from the novel.

Calon Arang screamed at the priest: “So, you don’t want to? Is that it? All I have to do is blow on you then we’ll see what happens to that body of yours! There’s no one else so powerful, not in the entire world. A skinny old priest, that’s all you are, who is soon going to feel the power that resides in me. I can turn that miserable body of yours into ash. You want proof? Watch! (p. 113).

…. ‘fire jump from her mouth to the tree and the burst into a ball of flames….(P.113)

The paragraph above tells to the reader that Calon Arang is a woman master in black magic, she can gush fire from her mouth. It can say appearance of Calon Arang is really terrifies looks. Because she has ability to gush fire from her mouth she show of her ability to Empu Baradah, in addition to make Empu Baradah defeat to her. It can conclude that Calon Arang is an arrogant person.

Empu Baradah appearance presented in the story as a friendly man because he willing helps every people when they come to him for ask some help to him. His trait can be learns from the following paragraph.

He was a friendly man always willing to lend a helping hand to people in need and never one to refuse to provide succor to those who came to him for aid. Indeed, assisting others was the one rule of life he put above all others (p: 23).

In contrast to Calon Arang, Empu Baradah is a compassionate man who

readily helps others in need and treats them with priority. His will help them

him cherished and respected by people in his area. It can be concluded that

Empu Baradah is friendly man.

c. Characterization by the Author

This method gives opportunities to author to interpret the character in a story of fiction and to portray the character. Furthermore, author will comment about personality or characteristic of character. Hence, it will form opinion in the reader’s mind.

As a parent Calon Arang really happy in her daughter wedding, may in she thought her daughter will be save by her son in – law.

For Calon Arang, the day of her daughter’s wedding was the happiest day of her life. She couldn’t imagine another person feeling more happy. She laughed frequently and smiled broadly, so pleased was she that her daughter’s was settled, (p. 97).

Indeed, Calon Arang was really happy in her daughter wedding because she believed that her son in – law would save and protect her daughter. It can say Calon Arang is a loving mother.

Although Empu Baradah is a wise and friendly man in the novel he such a less sensitive father.

With her clothing still wet, Wedawati stumbled toward the path outside…. ‘Her father wasn’t from Lemah Tulis, so she had no other relatives there – no grandparents, no aunts or uncles to whom she could go…. ‘Where was she to go? No matter what, she finally decided, she was noting to return home. No, the pain and hurt she felt was much too great (p. 67).

Wedawati was really in sadness because her stepmother does not lover. She left the house as the impact of bad treatment from her stepmother. She no relative in there, she just steps her foot without direction. Wedawati felt really hurt because her second mother often reprimands her by her spiteful words. It is infer that Empu Baradah is unconcerned father.

From above discussion we found the characteristics both of the character. Calon Arang characteristics are; temperament, arrogant, and loving mother, while Empu Baradah characteristics are; wise, friendly, and unconcerned father. Both the characters are different or contrast each other, in structuralism term called as binary opposition. It will discuss in next paragraph.

B. Binary Opposition of Calon Arang and Empu Baradah through Structuralism criticism

As presented earlier in this analysis, the purpose of this study is to find binary opposition between Calon Arang and Empu Baradah. This section the writer would like to apply binary opposition method to analyze both of the characters. Calon Arang characteristic are temperament, arrogant, and a loving mother while Empu Baradah characteristic are wise, friendly, and unconcerned father. The characteristics are contras each other and now we can define binary opposition between them. The concept of temperament appears because there is a concept of wise, the concept of

arrogant appears because there is a concept of friendly, and also the concept of a loving person appears because there is a concept of unconcerned person.

From those binary oppositions we can portray the concept of Calon Arang and Empu Baradah characteristics. Those binary oppositions presented that Calon Arang is as a bad character, she is described as temperament and arrogant witch and she supposes to be lost by Empu Baradah because he is good character which described as a wise and friendly figure in the novel. Although she is a loving mother who stakes everything to make her daughter happy, she is portrayed in the novel as a witch. Empu Baradah is always described as a good character and always a hero irrespective doing to remarry which causes her daughter to leave the house. By this way, we can conclude that the concept of Calon Arang and Empu Baradah characteristics: Both of the characters are has difference characteristic. Calon Arang characteristics are: temperament, arrogant and loving mother whereas Empu Baradah characteristics are: wise, friendly, and unconcerned father. Meanwhile, the operation relationship between both of the characters presented that Empu Baradah is as good character who always triumphs over Calon Arang because she is as a bad character. Even there is strength personality found in Calon Arang characteristics she is presented as a witch. Difference to Empu Baradah, even though some weakness found in his personality he is presented as a good character. It means, binary opposition is emphasizing the operation relationship between them. Hence, in their relationship, it produces a

meaning that Calon Arang is presented as bad character and should be lost by Empu Baradah because his role as a good character.

Arang is arrogant person. It is confirm the meaning of Calon Arang if that name refers to darkness or something wicked.

The other reasons the character being given name Calon Arang because she is a witch that set free from her sins. Empu Baradah give lesson about goodness to her it makes she is aware about her sins. It can draw from except below.

Empu Baradah the spoke to Calon Arang, the widow from Girah, about the virtues of goodness. His lesson enlightened the woman and made her aware her crime and the evil of her deeds. The knowledge brought her great happiness and she bowed to Empu Baradah as a sign of obeisance (p. 116).

From the above paragraph shows to us if Calon Arang is a woman that set free from her sins. After she got lessons from Empu Baradah about goodness she realizes her fault, it is confirm the meaning of Calon Arang is a woman set free from her sins.

b. Characterization through Appearance

Appearance is essential in fiction because by appearance description the reader will understand characteristic of the character such as: they are as good or bad character, as a weak or strength character, and as a calm or cruel character in the story.

In narrative story Calon Arang appearance presented by the author such a frightened looks. She has ability to gush fire from her mouth, this trait

inform to us if Calon Arang appearance is really refer to scare things that quoted from the novel.

Calon Arang screamed at the priest: “So, you don’t want to? Is that it? All I have to do is blow on you then we’ll see what happens to that body of yours! There’s no one else so powerful, not in the entire world. A skinny old priest, that’s all you are, who is soon going to feel the power that resides in me. I can turn that miserable body of yours into ash. You want proof? Watch! (p. 113).

…. ‘fire jump from her mouth to the tree and the burst into a ball of flames….(P.113)

The paragraph above tells to the reader that Calon Arang is a woman master in black magic, she can gush fire from her mouth. It can say appearance of Calon Arang is really terrifies looks. Because she has ability to gush fire from her mouth she show of her ability to Empu Baradah, in addition to make Empu Baradah defeat to her. It can conclude that Calon Arang is an arrogant person.

Empu Baradah appearance presented in the story as a friendly man because he willing helps every people when they come to him for ask some help to him. His trait can be learns from the following paragraph.

He was a friendly man always willing to lend a helping hand to people in need and never one to refuse to provide succor to those who came to him for aid. Indeed, assisting others was the one rule of life he put above all others (p: 23).

In contrast to Calon Arang, Empu Baradah is a compassionate man who readily helps others in need and treats them with priority. His will help them without refuse them when they asked some helps. This demeanor has made

him cherished and respected by people in his area. It can be concluded that Empu Baradah is friendly man.

c. Characterization by the Author

This method gives opportunities to author to interpret the character in a story of fiction and to portray the character. Furthermore, author will comment about personality or characteristic of character. Hence, it will form opinion in the reader’s mind.

As a parent Calon Arang really happy in her daughter wedding, may in she thought her daughter will be save by her son in – law.

For Calon Arang, the day of her daughter’s wedding was the happiest day of her life. She couldn’t imagine another person feeling more happy. She laughed frequently and smiled broadly, so pleased was she that her daughter’s was settled, (p. 97).

Indeed, Calon Arang was really happy in her daughter wedding because she believed that her son in – law would save and protect her daughter. It can say Calon Arang is a loving mother.

Although Empu Baradah is a wise and friendly man in the novel he such a less sensitive father.

With her clothing still wet, Wedawati stumbled toward the path outside…. ‘Her father wasn’t from Lemah Tulis, so she had no other relatives there – no grandparents, no aunts or uncles to whom she could go…. ‘Where was she to go? No matter what, she finally decided, she was noting to return home. No, the pain and hurt she felt was much too great (p. 67).

Wedawati was really in sadness because her stepmother does not lover. She left the house as the impact of bad treatment from her stepmother. She no relative in there, she just steps her foot without direction. Wedawati felt really hurt because her second mother often reprimands her by her spiteful words. It is infer that Empu Baradah is unconcerned father.

From above discussion we found the characteristics both of the character. Calon Arang characteristics are; temperament, arrogant, and loving mother, while Empu Baradah characteristics are; wise, friendly, and unconcerned father. Both the characters are different or contrast each other, in structuralism term called as binary opposition. It will discuss in next paragraph.

B. Binary Opposition of Calon Arang and Empu Baradah through Structuralism criticism

As presented earlier in this analysis, the purpose of this study is to find binary opposition between Calon Arang and Empu Baradah. This section the writer would like to apply binary opposition method to analyze both of the characters. Calon Arang characteristic are temperament, arrogant, and a loving mother while Empu Baradah characteristic are wise, friendly, and unconcerned father. The characteristics are contras each other and now we can define binary opposition between them. The concept of temperament appears because there is a concept of wise, the concept of

arrogant appears because there is a concept of friendly, and also the concept of a loving person appears because there is a concept of unconcerned person.

From those binary oppositions we can portray the concept of Calon Arang and Empu Baradah characteristics. Those binary oppositions presented that Calon Arang is as a bad character, she is described as temperament and arrogant witch and she supposes to be lost by Empu Baradah because he is good character which described as a wise and friendly figure in the novel. Although she is a loving mother who stakes everything to make her daughter happy, she is portrayed in the novel as a witch. Empu Baradah is always described as a good character and always a hero irrespective doing to remarry which causes her daughter to leave the house. By this way, we can conclude that the concept of Calon Arang and Empu Baradah characteristics: Both of the characters are has difference characteristic. Calon Arang characteristics are: temperament, arrogant and loving mother whereas Empu Baradah characteristics are: wise, friendly, and unconcerned father. Meanwhile, the operation relationship between both of the characters presented that Empu Baradah is as good character who always triumphs over Calon Arang because she is as a bad character. Even there is strength personality found in Calon Arang characteristics she is presented as a witch. Difference to Empu Baradah, even though some weakness found in his personality he is presented as a good character. It means, binary opposition is emphasizing the operation relationship between them. Hence, in their relationship, it produces a

meaning that Calon Arang is presented as bad character and should be lost by Empu Baradah because his role as a good character.