CODE SWITCHING IN GAUL BARENG BULE ON TRANS TV PROGRAM.
CODE SWITCHING IN GAUL BARENG BULE
ON TRANS TV PROGRAM
A THESIS
Submitted to Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements
for the Degree of Sarjana Sastra
By:
ANDIKA GAUTAMA DAMANIK
Registration Number: 209520002
ENGLISH AND LITERATURE DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF LANGUAGES AND ARTS
STATE UNIVERSITY OF MEDAN
2013
CODE SWITCHING IN GAUL BARENG BULE
ON TRANS TV PROGRAM
A THESIS
Submitted to Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements
for the Degree of Sarjana Sastra
By:
ANDIKA GAUTAMA DAMANIK
Registration Number: 209520002
ENGLISH AND LITERATURE DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF LANGUAGES AND ARTS
STATE UNIVERSITY OF MEDAN
2013
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Praise be to Allah SWT for the blessings and protections that the writer has been
granted and he finally could complete this writing which is aimed at fulfilling one of
the requirements for the Degree of Sarjana Sastra, English Department, Faculty of
Languages and Arts, State University of Medan.
During the process of completing this thesis, the writer has worked with a closely
number of people, through their guidance, suggestions, comments and criticism for
which he would like to extend his great appreciation and words of thankfullness to
•
Prof. Dr. Ibnu Hajar Damanik, M.Si., the Rector of State University of
Medan.
•
Dr. Isda Pramuniati, M.Hum., the Dean of Faculty of Language and Arts,
Vice Dean I, II, and III, and all the administrative staff.
•
Prof. Dr. Hj. Sumarsih, M.Pd., and Rika, S.Pd. M.Hum., the Head and
Secretary of the English Department, and Dra. Meisuri, M.A., the Head of
English Literature Department and Drs. Masitowarni Siregar, M.Ed., the
Head of English Education Department.
•
Special honor and deepest appreciation is dedicated to the writer’s thesis
advisor and academic advisor, Prof. Tina Mariany Arifin, M.A.Ph.D., who
also acts as a Mother in giving the writer support, suggestions, advice and
guidance so that he can got greatly improvement in his thesis writing. And all
the lectures he can frame up throughout his ideas and opinions in academic
ii
years at the State University of Medan who have shared their knowledge to
him.
•
A deepest love, appreciation and gratitude is addressed to the writer’s beloved
parents, Abdul Gani Damanik and Mega Wati Sinaga for their everlasting
love and prayer in his life, moreover for financial support.
•
The same thankfullness is also adressed to his beloved brothers Takdirullah
Damanik and Zulkarnain Damanik and his sister Zuliani Damanik for the
endless love and prayers.
•
Thanks is also given to all his classmates in Applied Linguistics 2009 class
A/B And thank for my friends in Students Counsil of English and Literature
Department (Himpunan Mahasiswa Jurusan) that shared every tears, laughter,
and joy together And those whose names can not be mentioned here one by
one. Thank you all.
Medan, September 2013
Andika Gautama Damanik
Registration Number: 209520002
iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
ABSTRACT .................................................................................................................. i
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT .......................................................................................... ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS............................................................................................iv
LIST OF TABLES .....................................................................................................vi
LIST OF APPENDICES ..........................................................................................vii
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION................................................................... 1
A.The Background of the Study................................................ 1
B. The Problems of the Study.................................................... 4
C. The Objectives of the Study.................................................. 4
D. The Scope of the Study ............................................................. 4
E. The Significance of the Study ............................................... 5
CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF LITERATURE ................................................ 6
A. Sociolinguistics .................................................................... 6
B. Bilingualism ......................................................................... 6
C. Multilingualism .................................................................... 8
D. Code Switching .......................................................................... 8
1. The Concept of Code Switching ...................................... 9
2. The Factors of Code Switching ...................................... 11
3. Types of Code Switching ............................................... 12
E. The Components of Language ............................................ 13
1. Word ............................................................................... 13
2. Phrase .............................................................................. 14
3. Clause ............................................................................. 14
4. Sentence .......................................................................... 15
F. Television in Indonesia ............................................................ 16
1. Trans TV ............................................................................... 17
a. Program on Trans TV ..................................................... 18
1) Gaul Bareng Bule ......................................................... 20
CHAPTER III
RESEARCH METHOD ......................................................... 21
A. Research Design .................................................................. 21
B. Source of Data ..................................................................... 21
C. Technique of Data Collection............................................... 21
D. Technique of Data Analysis ................................................ 22
iv
CHAPTER IV
DATA ANALYSIS, RESEARCH FINDINGS
AND DISCUSSION.............................................................. 23
A. Data Analysis .................................................................... 23
B. Research Findings ............................................................. 36
C. Discussion ......................................................................... 37
CHAPTER V
CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS ............................ 39
A. Conclusions ....................................................................... 39
B. Suggestions........................................................................ 39
REFERENCES.......................................................................................................... 41
APPENDICES ........................................................................................................... 43
v
LIST OF TABLES
Page
TABLE
4.1
Code Switching in Episode 1 ............................................................................ 23
4.2
Code Switching in Episode 2...................................................................... 26
4.3
Code Switching in Episode 3 ..................................................................... 26
4.4
Code Switching in Episode 4 ..................................................................... 28
4.5
Code Switching in Episode 5 ...................................................................... 28
4.6
Code Switching in Episode 6 ..................................................................... 32
4.7
Code Switching in Episode 7 ..................................................................... 32
4.8
Code Switching in Episode 8 ..................................................................... 36
vi
LIST OF APPENDICES
Page
APPENDICES
A.
Gaul Bareng Bule Bersama Winxs ........................................................ 43
B.
Gaul Bareng Bule Special Ulang Tahun Shireen ................................. 49
C.
Video Kompilasi Gaul Bareng Bule ...................................................... 52
D.
Gaul Bareng Bule Bersama Tasya ......................................................... 66
vii
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
A.
The Background of The Study
Communication in a very broad term is one of those human activities that
everyone recognizes but few can define it satisfactorily. Indeed it can be seen in
such a well-integrated part of human’s day to day existence that has the tendency
to take it for granted rarely trying to consider what it involves or just how
important to consider what it involves or just how important it is to us. It is used
for social interaction either spoken or written form.
In the process of communication, a language and body language are used to
clarify messages. It plays a very significant role not only in conveying information
but also a relationship and such an ingrained part of our everyday life.
A context (language use) is notion used in the language sciences (linguistics,
sociolinguistics, discourse analysis, pragmatics, etc) into different ways namely
verbal context and social context. Language use refers to the reasons why people
communicate. In addition, it refers to how people both understand and choose
from among alternative linguistics forms in order to reach the goals.
A study on language use is very interesting because it interrelates with real
life and experiences of people in a variety of settings. Thus a discussion of
language use would be unrealistic in the extreme to attempt covering its entirety.
In a certain group of society people at least master two languages, for example
Indonesian and English. It is a fact that English is a global language and people in
1
2
every walk of life especially in this decade, have mastered it.
The practice of communication in a peer group has a tedency to use two
languages and they can be said as bilinguals. Bilingualism is a much more
common social phenomenon than people generally realize it. There is a complex
web of social status which influences language that is spoken in what
circumstances and with whom.
It is of vital important to analyse the setting of communication in general and
the practice of bilingualism in particular.The context where the language being
used is in the area of language sciences, such as sosiolinguistics and pragmatics. It
refers to how people both understand each other and choose from among the
alternative linguistics form in order to reach the goals and should be able to
determine the variation of the code according to the situation.
Language use is complicated because there is more than one language used
by the public. The complexity of this is because they have to determine what
language should they communicate with each other. Besides that, speakers should
also be able to determine the variation of the code which is according to the
situation. Thus, each community bilingual or multilingual must choose one
language or variation code used in a speech event.
As a result of the bilingual situation of migrants in the speech of participants
in Gaul Bareng Bule a program on Trans Television (Trans TV), observations
show that there are determinants in making decision in a speech. In addition to the
presence of language contact on television, there are also symptoms of code
switching and code mixing in speakers. Both of these linguistic phenomenon,
3
code switching and code mixing refer to events which at the time of speaking, a
speaker incorporate elements of another language into a language that is being
used. This phenomenon can occur in any place, at home, public places, and others.
The symptoms of code switching and code mixing among speakers of a
speech community can be viewed based on the linguistic phenomenon in which
code switching and code mixing refer to clients at the time and location of
speaking. It usually happens when a speaker incorperate elements of another
language into the language that is being used.
The switch of language use from one language to another is popularly known
in linguistics term as code switching. It refers to the switch or at least two
languages which portray the varieties. Bilinguals, who can speak at least two
languages have the competence to use important elements of both languages when
conversing with one another.
Language is divided into two parts namely spoken language and written
language. Zyegintsev (1976) states a machine that process of natural language
must first be able to categorize, the wide variety of language components, which
are morpheme or word, phrase, clause and sentence.
In view of the fact that most people are bilingual, the researcher is very much
interested in conducting an in-depth study on language and its variations used in a
speech community. The components of language in code switching are very
challenging to be analyzed. And one of the programs on Trans TV on the
occurrence of code switching is called Gaul Bareng Bule . The analysis focuses
on the components of a language in code switching.
4
B. The Problems of The Study
Based on the background of the study, the problems are formulated as the
following:
1. What are the components of language in code switching used by the
participants in Gaul Bareng Bule?
2. What are the components of language of code switching dominantly used by
the participants in Gaul Bareng Bule?
C. The Objectives of The Study
In line with the problems of the study, the objectives are:
1. to analyse the components of code switching used by the participants in
Gaul Bareng Bule and
2. to discover the components of language of code switching which are
dominantly used by the participants in Gaul Bareng Bule.
D. The Scope of The Study
There are many interesting programs to be watched by the viewers on Trans
TV such as Ceriwis, Super Trap, Mr.Bean, Gaul Bareng Bule, Ranking 1, etc. It
would be impossible to analyse all. Thus this research limits the study on the use
of code switching in Gaul Bareng Bule on Trans TV. The analyses are focused on
the use of code switching that is used by the participants of Gaul Bareng Bule
program on Trans TV program during October 2012. It will describe the
5
components of language in code switching and those that are most dominantly
used.
E. The Significance of The Study
Findings of the study are expected to be useful and relevant theoretically and
pratically.
1. Theoretically, the findings of this research is expected to discover the
application of the theory of code switching on television program.
2. Practically, the findings of this study is expected to be useful for the
lecturers as reference material in the instructional process. In addition,
teachers are expected to be careful in selecting the language used as inputs
in language teaching and for students it is valuable in enriching their
knowledge about code switching and for other researchers to use the
findings for references in conducting their researches. And to the
researcher, the research findings will certainly increase his knowledge and
horizon on how code switching is being use in a certain performance.
Thus, this overall will enrich his scope on the understanding of the use of
code switching.
CHAPTER V
CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS
A. Conclusions
Based on the data analysis which is presented in the previous chapter, the
conclusions are drawn as following.
1. The components of language which used code switching in Gaul Bareng
Bule on Trans TV Program were word, phrase, clause and sentence.
2. There are 112 utterances of code switching found in Gaul Bareng Bule on
Trans TV Program. The data were analyzed based on components of
language and the result of the percentages of code switching in sentence
82,14 %, in word 14,28%, in phrase and in clause 1,78%. The components
of language was dominantly occured in sentence.
B.
Suggestions
Based on the conclusions above, the writer would like to present some
suggestions as follows.
1. The researcher suggests another researchers, who concern to this study, to
conduct depth research and to make a detailed analysis of code switching
in other object.
2. Students, who want to improve their ability in speaking and writing,
should know the using of components of language to do code switching in
order to make a good communication.
39
40
3. Teachers and lecturers to be careful in using and selecting the language
used as inputs in language teaching.
REFERENCES
Awita & Thamrin. 2007. Metode Penelitian Kualitatif. Edisi Ketiga.
Yogyakarta: Rakesarasin.
Beardsmore, B. 1982. Bilingualism. Basic principles. Clevedon: Wheeler.
Biber, D. 2002. Variation Across Speech and Writing. Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press.
Bonvillan. 1993. Social Meaning in Linguistics Structure: Code Switching.
Journal Linguistics Structure, II (3) 15-20.
Cakrawati, D.A. 2008. Analysis of Code Switching in The Teenlit Canting Cantiq.
Medan: State University of Medan. (unplished)
Cenoz, J & Genesee, F. (Eds). 1998. Beyond Bilingualism (Multilingualism and
Mulitilingualism Education). Great Britain:Cromwell press.
Cook, V. (1991). Second Languge Learning and Language Teaching. Edward
Arnold/Hodder Headline Group:Melbourne.
Hoffman, Ch. 1991. An Introduction to Bilingualism. Harlow: Longman.
Holmes, J. 2001. An Introduction to Sociolingustic: London And New York:
Longman.
Katamba, F. 1993. Modern linguistics:Morphology. Journal Linguistics, II (1) 1320.
Miller, J. 2002. An Introduction to English Syntax. Journal Language, II (2) 2028.
Musysken. P. 2000. Bilingual Speech. A Typology of Code Mixing. Cambridge
University. Cambridge University Press.
Nababan, P.W.J. 1993. Sosiolinguistics ‘Sebuah Pengantar’. Jakarta: Gramedia pustaka.
Nawawi, H. 1991. Metode Penelitian Bidang Sosial. Yogyakarta: Gadjah Mada
University Press.
Siregar, B. U. 2002. Code Alternation in Bilingual Speech Behaviour. Medan:
Universitas Sumatra Utara Press.
41
Suhardi, B & B Cornelius Sembiring. 2005. “Aspek Sosial Bahasa”, dalam
Kushartanti.,Yuwono, Untung., Lauder, Multamia RMT. Pesona Bahasa
Langkah Awal Memahami Linguistik. Jakarta: PT. Gramedia Pustaka Utama.
Wardhaugh, R. 1993. An introduction to Sociolinguistics. Mouton: New York.
Zyegintsev, A. 1976. Components of Language. Colombia: Hornbeam Press.
42
ON TRANS TV PROGRAM
A THESIS
Submitted to Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements
for the Degree of Sarjana Sastra
By:
ANDIKA GAUTAMA DAMANIK
Registration Number: 209520002
ENGLISH AND LITERATURE DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF LANGUAGES AND ARTS
STATE UNIVERSITY OF MEDAN
2013
CODE SWITCHING IN GAUL BARENG BULE
ON TRANS TV PROGRAM
A THESIS
Submitted to Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements
for the Degree of Sarjana Sastra
By:
ANDIKA GAUTAMA DAMANIK
Registration Number: 209520002
ENGLISH AND LITERATURE DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF LANGUAGES AND ARTS
STATE UNIVERSITY OF MEDAN
2013
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Praise be to Allah SWT for the blessings and protections that the writer has been
granted and he finally could complete this writing which is aimed at fulfilling one of
the requirements for the Degree of Sarjana Sastra, English Department, Faculty of
Languages and Arts, State University of Medan.
During the process of completing this thesis, the writer has worked with a closely
number of people, through their guidance, suggestions, comments and criticism for
which he would like to extend his great appreciation and words of thankfullness to
•
Prof. Dr. Ibnu Hajar Damanik, M.Si., the Rector of State University of
Medan.
•
Dr. Isda Pramuniati, M.Hum., the Dean of Faculty of Language and Arts,
Vice Dean I, II, and III, and all the administrative staff.
•
Prof. Dr. Hj. Sumarsih, M.Pd., and Rika, S.Pd. M.Hum., the Head and
Secretary of the English Department, and Dra. Meisuri, M.A., the Head of
English Literature Department and Drs. Masitowarni Siregar, M.Ed., the
Head of English Education Department.
•
Special honor and deepest appreciation is dedicated to the writer’s thesis
advisor and academic advisor, Prof. Tina Mariany Arifin, M.A.Ph.D., who
also acts as a Mother in giving the writer support, suggestions, advice and
guidance so that he can got greatly improvement in his thesis writing. And all
the lectures he can frame up throughout his ideas and opinions in academic
ii
years at the State University of Medan who have shared their knowledge to
him.
•
A deepest love, appreciation and gratitude is addressed to the writer’s beloved
parents, Abdul Gani Damanik and Mega Wati Sinaga for their everlasting
love and prayer in his life, moreover for financial support.
•
The same thankfullness is also adressed to his beloved brothers Takdirullah
Damanik and Zulkarnain Damanik and his sister Zuliani Damanik for the
endless love and prayers.
•
Thanks is also given to all his classmates in Applied Linguistics 2009 class
A/B And thank for my friends in Students Counsil of English and Literature
Department (Himpunan Mahasiswa Jurusan) that shared every tears, laughter,
and joy together And those whose names can not be mentioned here one by
one. Thank you all.
Medan, September 2013
Andika Gautama Damanik
Registration Number: 209520002
iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
ABSTRACT .................................................................................................................. i
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT .......................................................................................... ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS............................................................................................iv
LIST OF TABLES .....................................................................................................vi
LIST OF APPENDICES ..........................................................................................vii
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION................................................................... 1
A.The Background of the Study................................................ 1
B. The Problems of the Study.................................................... 4
C. The Objectives of the Study.................................................. 4
D. The Scope of the Study ............................................................. 4
E. The Significance of the Study ............................................... 5
CHAPTER II
REVIEW OF LITERATURE ................................................ 6
A. Sociolinguistics .................................................................... 6
B. Bilingualism ......................................................................... 6
C. Multilingualism .................................................................... 8
D. Code Switching .......................................................................... 8
1. The Concept of Code Switching ...................................... 9
2. The Factors of Code Switching ...................................... 11
3. Types of Code Switching ............................................... 12
E. The Components of Language ............................................ 13
1. Word ............................................................................... 13
2. Phrase .............................................................................. 14
3. Clause ............................................................................. 14
4. Sentence .......................................................................... 15
F. Television in Indonesia ............................................................ 16
1. Trans TV ............................................................................... 17
a. Program on Trans TV ..................................................... 18
1) Gaul Bareng Bule ......................................................... 20
CHAPTER III
RESEARCH METHOD ......................................................... 21
A. Research Design .................................................................. 21
B. Source of Data ..................................................................... 21
C. Technique of Data Collection............................................... 21
D. Technique of Data Analysis ................................................ 22
iv
CHAPTER IV
DATA ANALYSIS, RESEARCH FINDINGS
AND DISCUSSION.............................................................. 23
A. Data Analysis .................................................................... 23
B. Research Findings ............................................................. 36
C. Discussion ......................................................................... 37
CHAPTER V
CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS ............................ 39
A. Conclusions ....................................................................... 39
B. Suggestions........................................................................ 39
REFERENCES.......................................................................................................... 41
APPENDICES ........................................................................................................... 43
v
LIST OF TABLES
Page
TABLE
4.1
Code Switching in Episode 1 ............................................................................ 23
4.2
Code Switching in Episode 2...................................................................... 26
4.3
Code Switching in Episode 3 ..................................................................... 26
4.4
Code Switching in Episode 4 ..................................................................... 28
4.5
Code Switching in Episode 5 ...................................................................... 28
4.6
Code Switching in Episode 6 ..................................................................... 32
4.7
Code Switching in Episode 7 ..................................................................... 32
4.8
Code Switching in Episode 8 ..................................................................... 36
vi
LIST OF APPENDICES
Page
APPENDICES
A.
Gaul Bareng Bule Bersama Winxs ........................................................ 43
B.
Gaul Bareng Bule Special Ulang Tahun Shireen ................................. 49
C.
Video Kompilasi Gaul Bareng Bule ...................................................... 52
D.
Gaul Bareng Bule Bersama Tasya ......................................................... 66
vii
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
A.
The Background of The Study
Communication in a very broad term is one of those human activities that
everyone recognizes but few can define it satisfactorily. Indeed it can be seen in
such a well-integrated part of human’s day to day existence that has the tendency
to take it for granted rarely trying to consider what it involves or just how
important to consider what it involves or just how important it is to us. It is used
for social interaction either spoken or written form.
In the process of communication, a language and body language are used to
clarify messages. It plays a very significant role not only in conveying information
but also a relationship and such an ingrained part of our everyday life.
A context (language use) is notion used in the language sciences (linguistics,
sociolinguistics, discourse analysis, pragmatics, etc) into different ways namely
verbal context and social context. Language use refers to the reasons why people
communicate. In addition, it refers to how people both understand and choose
from among alternative linguistics forms in order to reach the goals.
A study on language use is very interesting because it interrelates with real
life and experiences of people in a variety of settings. Thus a discussion of
language use would be unrealistic in the extreme to attempt covering its entirety.
In a certain group of society people at least master two languages, for example
Indonesian and English. It is a fact that English is a global language and people in
1
2
every walk of life especially in this decade, have mastered it.
The practice of communication in a peer group has a tedency to use two
languages and they can be said as bilinguals. Bilingualism is a much more
common social phenomenon than people generally realize it. There is a complex
web of social status which influences language that is spoken in what
circumstances and with whom.
It is of vital important to analyse the setting of communication in general and
the practice of bilingualism in particular.The context where the language being
used is in the area of language sciences, such as sosiolinguistics and pragmatics. It
refers to how people both understand each other and choose from among the
alternative linguistics form in order to reach the goals and should be able to
determine the variation of the code according to the situation.
Language use is complicated because there is more than one language used
by the public. The complexity of this is because they have to determine what
language should they communicate with each other. Besides that, speakers should
also be able to determine the variation of the code which is according to the
situation. Thus, each community bilingual or multilingual must choose one
language or variation code used in a speech event.
As a result of the bilingual situation of migrants in the speech of participants
in Gaul Bareng Bule a program on Trans Television (Trans TV), observations
show that there are determinants in making decision in a speech. In addition to the
presence of language contact on television, there are also symptoms of code
switching and code mixing in speakers. Both of these linguistic phenomenon,
3
code switching and code mixing refer to events which at the time of speaking, a
speaker incorporate elements of another language into a language that is being
used. This phenomenon can occur in any place, at home, public places, and others.
The symptoms of code switching and code mixing among speakers of a
speech community can be viewed based on the linguistic phenomenon in which
code switching and code mixing refer to clients at the time and location of
speaking. It usually happens when a speaker incorperate elements of another
language into the language that is being used.
The switch of language use from one language to another is popularly known
in linguistics term as code switching. It refers to the switch or at least two
languages which portray the varieties. Bilinguals, who can speak at least two
languages have the competence to use important elements of both languages when
conversing with one another.
Language is divided into two parts namely spoken language and written
language. Zyegintsev (1976) states a machine that process of natural language
must first be able to categorize, the wide variety of language components, which
are morpheme or word, phrase, clause and sentence.
In view of the fact that most people are bilingual, the researcher is very much
interested in conducting an in-depth study on language and its variations used in a
speech community. The components of language in code switching are very
challenging to be analyzed. And one of the programs on Trans TV on the
occurrence of code switching is called Gaul Bareng Bule . The analysis focuses
on the components of a language in code switching.
4
B. The Problems of The Study
Based on the background of the study, the problems are formulated as the
following:
1. What are the components of language in code switching used by the
participants in Gaul Bareng Bule?
2. What are the components of language of code switching dominantly used by
the participants in Gaul Bareng Bule?
C. The Objectives of The Study
In line with the problems of the study, the objectives are:
1. to analyse the components of code switching used by the participants in
Gaul Bareng Bule and
2. to discover the components of language of code switching which are
dominantly used by the participants in Gaul Bareng Bule.
D. The Scope of The Study
There are many interesting programs to be watched by the viewers on Trans
TV such as Ceriwis, Super Trap, Mr.Bean, Gaul Bareng Bule, Ranking 1, etc. It
would be impossible to analyse all. Thus this research limits the study on the use
of code switching in Gaul Bareng Bule on Trans TV. The analyses are focused on
the use of code switching that is used by the participants of Gaul Bareng Bule
program on Trans TV program during October 2012. It will describe the
5
components of language in code switching and those that are most dominantly
used.
E. The Significance of The Study
Findings of the study are expected to be useful and relevant theoretically and
pratically.
1. Theoretically, the findings of this research is expected to discover the
application of the theory of code switching on television program.
2. Practically, the findings of this study is expected to be useful for the
lecturers as reference material in the instructional process. In addition,
teachers are expected to be careful in selecting the language used as inputs
in language teaching and for students it is valuable in enriching their
knowledge about code switching and for other researchers to use the
findings for references in conducting their researches. And to the
researcher, the research findings will certainly increase his knowledge and
horizon on how code switching is being use in a certain performance.
Thus, this overall will enrich his scope on the understanding of the use of
code switching.
CHAPTER V
CONCLUSIONS AND SUGGESTIONS
A. Conclusions
Based on the data analysis which is presented in the previous chapter, the
conclusions are drawn as following.
1. The components of language which used code switching in Gaul Bareng
Bule on Trans TV Program were word, phrase, clause and sentence.
2. There are 112 utterances of code switching found in Gaul Bareng Bule on
Trans TV Program. The data were analyzed based on components of
language and the result of the percentages of code switching in sentence
82,14 %, in word 14,28%, in phrase and in clause 1,78%. The components
of language was dominantly occured in sentence.
B.
Suggestions
Based on the conclusions above, the writer would like to present some
suggestions as follows.
1. The researcher suggests another researchers, who concern to this study, to
conduct depth research and to make a detailed analysis of code switching
in other object.
2. Students, who want to improve their ability in speaking and writing,
should know the using of components of language to do code switching in
order to make a good communication.
39
40
3. Teachers and lecturers to be careful in using and selecting the language
used as inputs in language teaching.
REFERENCES
Awita & Thamrin. 2007. Metode Penelitian Kualitatif. Edisi Ketiga.
Yogyakarta: Rakesarasin.
Beardsmore, B. 1982. Bilingualism. Basic principles. Clevedon: Wheeler.
Biber, D. 2002. Variation Across Speech and Writing. Cambridge: Cambridge
University Press.
Bonvillan. 1993. Social Meaning in Linguistics Structure: Code Switching.
Journal Linguistics Structure, II (3) 15-20.
Cakrawati, D.A. 2008. Analysis of Code Switching in The Teenlit Canting Cantiq.
Medan: State University of Medan. (unplished)
Cenoz, J & Genesee, F. (Eds). 1998. Beyond Bilingualism (Multilingualism and
Mulitilingualism Education). Great Britain:Cromwell press.
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