Isolasi Karagenan Dari Rumput Laut Merah (Kappaphycus alvarezii) dan Pemilihan Formulasi Sebagai Pelembab

Lampiran 1. Surat Hasil Identifikasi Tumbuhan

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Lampiran 2. Tumbuhan rumput laut merah Kappaphycus alvarezii

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Lampiran 3. Gambar Simplisia dan Serbuk Kasar Simplisia Rumput Laut
Merah Kappaphycus alvarezii

Simplisia Rumput Laut Merah Kappaphycus alvarezii

Serbuk Kasar Simplisia Rumput Laut Merah Kappaphycus alvarezii

Universitas Sumatera Utara

Lampiran 4. Hasil Pemeriksaan Mikroskopik Serbuk Simplisia Rumput
Laut Merah Kappaphycus alvarezii

keterangan:

1. Parenkim berisi pigmen merah
2. Parenkim bagian pinggir
3. Propagule

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Lampiran 5. Gambar Serbuk Karagenan

Lampiran 6. Gambar pembuatan sediaan krim

Lampiran 7. Uji Homogenitas

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Lampiran 8. Uji tipe emulsi

Lampiran 9. Uji stabilitas

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Gambar sediaan krim awal

Blanko

2,5

5%

7,5 %

10

Gliserin

Gambar sediaan krim setelah penyimpanan selama 12 minggu

Blanko

2,5 %


5%

7,5 %

10 %

Gliserin

Lampiran 10. Alat pH meter

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Lampiran 11. Gambar Skin Analyzer - Moisture Checker

Lampiran 12. Bagan Kerja Penelitian

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1. Bagan karakterisasi simplisia dari rumput laut merah Kappaphycus
alvarezii


2. Bagan isolasi karagenan rumput laut merah Kappaphycus alvarezii

Universitas Sumatera Utara

(Lanjutan)

Universitas Sumatera Utara

Lampiran 13. Perhitungan Pemeriksaan Karakteristik Serbuk Simplisia
Rumput laut merah Kappaphycus alvarezii

Universitas Sumatera Utara

1. Perhitungan Kadar Air Serbuk Simplisia Rumput laut merah
Kappaphycus alvarezii

% Kadar air simplisia =
No.
1.

2.
3.

volume

berat sampel

Berat sampel (g)
5,0920
5,1800
5,0860

1. Kadar air =

2. Kadar air =

3. Kadar air =

air (ml)


2,25 - 1,85

Volume awal (ml)
2,25
2,65
3,05

x 100%

= 7,85%

x 100%

= 7,72%

x 100%

= 7,86%

5,0920


2,65 - 2,25
5,1800

3,05 - 2,65
5,0860

% Rata-rata kadar air =

x 100%

(g)

7,85%  7,72%  7,86%

Volume akhir (ml)
1,85
2,25
2,65


= 7,81%

3

2. Perhitungan Kadar Sari Larut dalam Air
% Kadar Sari Larut dalam Air =
No.
1.
2.
3.

berat sari (g)
berat sampel

(g)



100
20


Berat Sampel (g)
5,021
5,035
5,031

1. Kadar Sari Larut dalam Air =

2. Kadar Sari Larut dalam Air =

 100 %

Berat Sari (g)
0,461
0,472
0,470
0,461
5,021

0,472

5,035



100



20

100
20

 100 %

 100 %

= 45,93%

= 46,87%


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3. Kadar Sari Larut dalam Air =

% Rata-rata Kadar Sari Larut Air =

0,470
5,031



 100 %

100
20

= 46,71%

45,93 %  46,87 %  46,71%
3

= 46,49%
3. Perhitungan Kadar Sari Simplisia Larut dalam Etanol

% Kadar Sari Larut dalam Etanol =

No.
1.
2.
3.

berat sari (g)
berat sampel

(g)

Berat Sampel (g)
5,046
5,043
5,044



100
20

 100 %

Berat Sari (g)
0,042
0,039
0,041

1. Kadar Sari Larut dalam Etanol =

2. Kadar Sari Larut dalam Etanol =

3. Kadar Sari Larut dalam Etanol =

% Rata-rata Kadar Sari Larut Etanol =

0,042
5,043

0,039
5,043

0,041
5,044



100
20



100



100

20

20

 100 %

= 4,16%

 100 %

 100 %

= 3,86%

= 4,06%

4 ,16 %  3 , 86 %  4 , 06 %
3

= 4,02%

4. Perhitungan Kadar Abu Total Simplisia

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% Kadar Abu Total =

No.
1.
2.
3.

berat abu (g)
berat sampel

(g)

 100 %

Berat Sampel (g)
2,025
2,010
2,025

1. Kadar Abu Total =

2. Kadar Abu Total =

3. Kadar Abu Total =

0,593
2,025

0,586
2,010

0,587
2,025

% Rata-rata Kadar Abu Total =

Berat Abu (g)
0,593
0,586
0,587

 100 %

= 29,28%

 100 %

= 29,15%

 100 %

= 28,98%

29 , 28 %  29 ,15 %  28 , 98 %

= 29,14%

3

5. Perhitungan Kadar Abu Simplisia Tidak Larut dalam Asam
% Kadar Abu Tidak Larut dalam Asam =

No.
1.
2.
3.

berat abu (g)
berat sampel

Berat Sampel (g)
2,025
2,010
2,025

1. Kadar Abu Tidak Larut dalam Asam =

(g)

 100 %

Berat Abu (g)
0,01
0,009
0,009

0,01
2,025

 100 %

= 0,49%

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2. Kadar Abu Tidak Larut dalam Asam =

3. Kadar Abu Tidak Larut dalam Asam =

% Rata-rata Kadar Abu Tidak Larut Asam

=

0,009
2,010

0,009
2,025

 100 %

= 0,45%

 100 %

= 0,44%

0 , 49 %  0 , 45 %  0 , 44 %
3

= 0,47%
Lampiran 14. Identifikasi Karagenan
1. Penetapan rendemen karagenan

x 100%

% Rendemen karagenan =

a. % Rendemen karagenan 1 =

x 100% = 31,02 %

b. % Rendemen karagenan 1 =

x 100% = 28,28 %

c. % Rendemen karagenan 1 =

x 100% = 29,64 %

d. % Rendemen karagenan 1 =

x 100% = 31,17 %

2. Perhitungan susut pengeringan karagenan
% Susut pengeringan =

x 100%

A = Berat sampel sebelum pengeringan
B = Berat sampel setelah pengeringan

No

A (g)

B (g)

1

0,200

0,181

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2

0,201

0,180

3

0,203

0,182

1. % susut pengeringan =

x 100% = 10,33%


2. % susut pengeringan =

x 100% = 9,84%
x 100% = 10,27%

3. % susut pengeringan =

% susut pengeringan rata-rata = 10,33% + 9,84%+ 10,27% = 10,14%

3. Perhitungan Kadar Abu Total Simplisia

% Kadar Abu Total =

No.
1.
2.
3.

berat abu (g)
berat

karagenan

(g)

 100 %

Berat karagenan (g)
2,0005
2,0001
2,0004

1. Kadar Abu Total =

2. Kadar Abu Total =

3. Kadar Abu Total =

0,3392
2,0005
0,3135
2,0001

0,3206
2,0004

% Rata-rata Kadar Abu Total =

Berat Abu (g)
0,3392
0,3135
0,3206

 100 %

= 16,64%

 100 %

= 15,67%

 100 %

= 16,03%

16 , 64 %  15 , 67 %  16 , 03 %
3

= 16,11%

4. Perhitungan Kadar Abu Simplisia Tidak Larut dalam Asam

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% Kadar Abu Tidak Larut dalam Asam =
No.
1.
2.
3.

berat abu (g)
berat

karagenan

Berat karagenan (g)
2,0001
2,0002
2,0004

 100 %

Berat Abu (g)
0,0261
0,0290
0,0249

1. Kadar Abu Tidak Larut dalam Asam =

2. Kadar Abu Tidak Larut dalam Asam =

3. Kadar Abu Tidak Larut dalam Asam =

% Rata-rata Kadar Abu Tidak Larut Asam

(g)

=

0,0261
2,0001

0,0290
2,0002

0,0249
2,0004

 100 %

= 1,30%

 100 %

= 1,45%

 100 %

= 1,24%

1 , 30 %  1 , 45 %  1 , 24 %
3

=1,33%
5. Viskositas karagenan
Faktor koreksi = 25
a. Viskositas 1 = Faktor koreksi x skala
= 25 x 0,3
= 7,5 cps
b. Viskositas 1 = Faktor koreksi x skala

= 25 x 0,3
= 7,5 cps

c. Viskositas 1 = Faktor koreksi x skala
= 25 x 0,3
= 7,5 cps

6. Hasil penetapan karagenan secara spektrofotometri inframerah FTIR

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Lampiran 15. Data hasil analisis statistik dengan SPSS

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Tests of Normality
a

Kolmogorov-Smirnov
Statistic

df

Shapiro-Wilk

Sig.

Statistic

df

Sig.

Minggu_Awal

.162

18

.200

*

.948

18

.392

Minggu_I

.214

18

.029

.802

18

.002

Minggu_II

.242

18

.007

.855

18

.010

Minggu_III

.235

18

.010

.856

18

.010

18

*

.925

18

.158

Minggu_IV

.153

.200

*. This is a lower bound of the true significance.
a. Lilliefors Significance Correction

Test of Homogeneity of Variances
Levene Statistic

df1

df2

Sig.

Minggu_Awal

1.238

5

12

.351

Minggu_I

3.583

5

12

.033

Minggu_II

6.808

5

12

.003

Minggu_III

5.292

5

12

.008

Minggu_IV

2.882

5

12

.062

Descriptives
Statistic
Mean

31.289

95% Confidence Interval for

Lower Bound

31.051

Mean

Upper Bound

31.526

5% Trimmed Mean

31.299

Median

31.200

Variance
Minggu_Awal

.1126

.228

Std. Deviation

.4776

Minimum

30.3

Maximum

32.1

Range

1.8

Interquartile Range

.7

Skewness
Kurtosis
Mean
Minggu_I

Std. Error

.059

.536

-.201

1.038

33.417

.5299

95% Confidence Interval for

Lower Bound

32.299

Mean

Upper Bound

34.535

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5% Trimmed Mean

33.213

Median

32.750

Variance

5.054

Std. Deviation

2.2482

Minimum

31.0

Maximum

39.5

Range

8.5

Interquartile Range

1.8

Skewness

1.777

.536

Kurtosis

3.041

1.038

36.094

.9315

Mean

Minggu_II

95% Confidence Interval for

Lower Bound

34.129

Mean

Upper Bound

38.060

5% Trimmed Mean

35.955

Median

34.750

Variance

15.619

Std. Deviation

3.9521

Minimum

31.2

Maximum

43.5

Range

12.3

Interquartile Range

6.3

Skewness
Kurtosis
Mean

Minggu_III

.536

-.622

1.038

38.078

1.3008

95% Confidence Interval for

Lower Bound

35.333

Mean

Upper Bound

40.822

5% Trimmed Mean

37.798

Median

35.750

Variance

30.457

Std. Deviation

5.5188

Minimum

31.3

Maximum

49.9

Range

18.6

Interquartile Range

5.8

Skewness
Kurtosis
Mean

Minggu_IV

.849

1.098

.536

.283

1.038

39.283

1.3202

95% Confidence Interval for

Lower Bound

36.498

Mean

Upper Bound

42.069

5% Trimmed Mean

39.059

Median

37.600

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Variance

31.373

Std. Deviation

5.6012

Minimum

31.7

Maximum

50.9

Range

19.2

Interquartile Range

6.2

Skewness

.766

.536

Kurtosis

.027

1.038

ANOVA
Sum of Squares
Between Groups
Minggu_Awal

Minggu_I

Minggu_III

Minggu_IV

Mean Square

.898

5

.180

Within Groups

2.980

12

.248

Total

3.878

17

Between Groups

70.758

5

14.152

Within Groups

15.167

12

1.264

Total

85.925

17

219.523

5

43.905

46.007

12

3.834

Total

265.529

17

Between Groups

467.618

5

93.524

50.153

12

4.179

Total

517.771

17

Between Groups

500.172

5

100.034

33.173

12

2.764

533.345

17

Between Groups
Minggu_II

df

Within Groups

Within Groups

Within Groups
Total

F

Sig.
.723

.619

11.197

.000

11.452

.000

22.377

.000

36.186

.000

Post Hoc Tests
Minggu_Awal

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Tukey HSD
Kelompok

N

Subset for
alpha = 0.05
1

Formula_A

3

31.000

Formula_C

3

31.100

Formula_F

3

31.233

Formula_D

3

31.233

Formula_E

3

31.567

Formula_B

3

31.600

Sig.

.685

Means for groups in homogeneous subsets
are displayed.
a. Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size =
3.000.

Minggu_I
Tukey HSD
Kelompok

N

Subset for alpha = 0.05
1

2

Formula_A

3

31.467

Formula_D

3

32.333

Formula_E

3

32.367

Formula_C

3

33.333

Formula_B

3

33.400

Formula_F

3

Sig.

37.600
.345

1.000

Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are
displayed.
a. Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 3.000.

Minggu_II
Tukey HSD
Kelompok

N

Subset for alpha = 0.05

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1

2

Formula_A

3

31.467

Formula_D

3

32.333

Formula_E

3

32.367

Formula_C

3

33.333

Formula_B

3

Formula_F

3

3

36.200
38.500

Sig.

.345

.235

1.000

Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are
displayed.
a. Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 3.000.

Minggu_III
Tukey HSD
Kelompok

N

Subset for alpha = 0.05
1

2

3

Formula_A

3

32.000

Formula_B

3

35.400

35.400

Formula_C

3

35.533

35.533

Formula_D

3

37.633

Formula_E

3

39.700

Formula_F

3

Sig.

48.200
.341

.177

1.000

Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed.
a. Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 3.000.

Minggu_IV
Tukey HSD

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Kelompok

N

Subset for alpha = 0.05
1

2

3

Formula_A

3

32.167

Formula_C

3

36.433

Formula_B

3

36.867

Formula_D

3

39.100

Formula_E

3

Formula_F

3

Sig.

4

36.433

39.100
42.167
48.967

.072

.413

.281

1.000

Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed.
a. Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 3.000.

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