Pengaruh Pola Makan terhadap Kejadian Anemia pada Remaja Putri di SMA Dharma Pancasila Medan Tahun 2013
PEMINATAN KESEHATAN REPRODUKSI PROGRAM STUDI ILMU KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA
PERNYATAAN KESEDIAAN MENJADI RESPONDEN
(INFORMED CONSENT)
Yang bertandatangan dibawah ini: Nama : Alamat : Setelah mendapatkan penjelasan tentang penelitian ini, maka sayamenyatakan bersedia berpartisipasi menjadi subjek dalam penelitian yang akan
dilakukan oleh saudari leny Valentina, mmengenai “ Pengaruh Pola Makan Terhadap
Kejadian Anemia Pada Remaja Putri Di SMA DHARMA PANCASILA Medan “ .Saya menyadari sepenuhnya bahwa penelitian ini sangat bermanfaat
untuk kepentingan ilmiah. Identitas responden digunakan hanya untuk keperluan
penelitian dan akan dijaga kerahasiaannya. Demikian pernyataan ini dibuat dengan
sukarela tanpa ada paksaan dari pihak manapun agar dapat digunakan sesuai
keperluan.Medan, 2013
PROGRAM STUDI S2 ILMU KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT
FAKULTAS KESEHATAN MASYARAKAT
UNIVERSITAS SUMATERA UTARA
PENGARUH POLA MAKAN TERHADAP KEJADIAN ANEMIA PADA
REMAJA PUTRI DI SMU NEGERI 17 MEDAN
TAHUN 2013 Nomor Kuesioner :I. IDENTITAS RESPONDEN
1 Nama
2 Umur
3 Alamat
4 Kadar Hb gr %
Pertanyaan untuk konsumsi minum teh
1. Apakah anda minum teh?
a. Ya
b. Tidak
2. Kapan anda minum teh?
Sarapan pagi Makan siang Makan malam
a.≥ 1 jam Sebelum makan b. Pada saat makan c.
≤ 1 jam Sebelum dan sesudah makan d.
≥ 1 jam Sesudah makan a.
≥ 1 jam Sebelum makan
b. Pada saat makan
c.≤ 1 jam Sebelum dan
sesudah makan
d.≥ 1 jam Sesudah makan a.
≥ 1 jam Sebelum makan b. Pada saat makan c.
≤ 1 jam Sebelum dan sesudah makan d.
≥ 1 jam Sesudah makan Pertanyaan – pertanyaan yang berhubungan dengan pola makan remaja putri sehari- hari :
1. Apakah setiap pagi sebelum berangkat sekolah anda sarapan ? …………………………………………………………………
2. Apakah anda membatasi makan ? ………………………………………………………………....
3. Apa tujuan anda membatasi konsumsi makan ? …………………………………………………………………
4. Apakah anda membatasi konsumsi makan karena ingin menurunkan berat badan ? …………………………………………………………………
5. Mengapa anda ingin menurunkan berat badan? …………………………………………………………………
6. Apakah ada makanan yang tidak suka anda makan ? …………………………………………………………………
7. Dimana dan kapan anda suka minum teh/ kopi ? …………………………………………………………………
8. Mengapa anda suka minum the/ kopi ? …………………………………………………………………
FORMULIR
FOOD RECALL24 JAM Hari/ Tanggal : ...............................................
Waktu Nama Masakan Bahan Makanan Banyaknya Jenis URT Gr Pagi/jam
Siang/jam Malam/Jam Keterangan:
URT : Ukuran Rumah Tangga, misalnya : piring, sendok, mangkok, gelas dan lain-lain. FORMULIR METODE FREKUENSI MAKANAN NO. RESPONDEN : Nama Bahan Frekuensi Konsumsi Makanan
> 1x/hari 1x/ hari 4-6x/ minggu 1-3x/ minggu
1. Makanan Pokok a.
b..
2. Lauk Hewani
a. Telur
b. Daging Sapi c.
3. Lauk Nabati
a. Tempe
b. Tahu
4. Sayur-sayuran a.........................
5. Buah-buahan a..........................
b.........................
6. Makanan Lain a.........................
Angka Kecukupan Protein, Fe (zat besi), Asam Folat dan Vitamin C pada Wanita Usia 14-18 tahun. Golongan umur AKP (gr) AKB (mg) AKF (µg) AKC (mg) 14 tahun
57 26 400
65 15 tahun 57 26 400
65 16 tahun 55 26 400
75 17 tahun 55 26 400
75 18 tahun 55 26 400
75 Sumber : Widyakarya Nasional Pangan dan Gizi, 2004
Umur Katagori
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid
14
2
2.0
2.0
2.0
15
40
40.0
40.0
42.0
16
47
47.0
47.0
89.0
17
10
10.0
10.0
99.0
18
1
1.0 1.0 100.0 Total 100 100.0 100.0
Sarapan
Cumulative Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid ya
53
53.0
53.0
53.0 kadang-kadang
24
24.0
24.0
77.0 tidak
23
23.0 23.0 100.0 Total 100 100.0 100.0
Makanan pokok
Cumulative Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid Sering
83
83.0
83.0
83.0 Jarang
17
17.0 17.0 100.0 Total 100 100.0 100.0
Lauk Hewani
Cumulative Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid Sering
88
88.0
88.0
88.0 Jarang
12
12.0 12.0 100.0 Total 100 100.0 100.0
Lauk Nabati
Cumulative Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid Sering
51
51.0
51.0
51.0 Jarang
49
49.0 49.0 100.0 Total 100 100.0 100.0
Sayuran
Cumulative Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid Sering
43
43.0
43.0
43.0 Jarang
57
57.0 57.0 100.0 Total 100 100.0 100.0
Buah-buahan
Cumulative Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid Sering
53
53.0
53.0
53.0 Jarang
47
47.0 47.0 100.0 Total 100 100.0 100.0
Asupan Protein
Cumulative Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid cukup
56
56.0
56.0
56.0 tidak cukup
44
44.0 44.0 100.0 Total 100 100.0 100.0
Asupan Zat Besi
Cumulative Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid cukup
22
22.0
22.0
22.0 tidak cukup
78
78.0 78.0 100.0 Total 100 100.0 100.0
Asupan Folat
Cumulative Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid cukup
5
5.0
5.0
5.0 tidak cukup
95
95.0 95.0 100.0 Total 100 100.0 100.0
Asupan vitamin C
Cumulative Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid cukup
15
15.0
15.0
15.0 tidak cukup
85
85.0 85.0 100.0 Total 100 100.0 100.0
Konsumsi The
Cumulative Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid baik
75
75.0
75.0
75.0 tidak baik
25
25.0 25.0 100.0 Total 100 100.0 100.0
Konsumsi Kopi
Cumulative Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid baik
93
93.0
93.0
93.0 tidak baik
7
7.0 7.0 100.0 Total 100 100.0 100.0
Output Aupan Protein
Cumulative Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid 15.0-24.9
3
3.0
3.0
3.0 25,0-34,9
12
12.0
12.0
15.0 35,0-44,9
9
9.0
9.0
24.0 45,0-54,9
20
20.0
20.0
44.0 55,0-64,9
21
21.0
21.0
65.0 65,0-74,9
19
19.0
19.0
84.0 75,0-84,9
16
16.0 16.0 100.0 Total 100 100.0 100.0
Asupan Zat Besi
Cumulative Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid 1,0-5,9
6
6.0
6.0
6.0 6,0-10,9
39
39.0
39.0
45.0 11,0-15,9
24
24.0
24.0
69.0 16,0-20,9
7
7.0
7.0
76.0 21,0-25,9
2
2.0
2.0
78.0 26,0-30,9
18
18.0
18.0
96.0 31,0-35,9
2
2.0
2.0
98.0 46,0-50,9
2
2.0 2.0 100.0 Total 100 100.0 100.0
Asumsi Folat
Cumulative Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid 0,0-99,9
37
37.0
37.0
37.0 100,0-199,9
43
43.0
43.0
80.0 200,0-299,9
15
15.0
15.0
95.0 300,0-399,9
3
3.0
3.0
98.0 400,0-499,9
1
1.0
1.0
99.0 500,0-599,9
1
1.0 1.0 100.0 Total 100 100.0 100.0
ASC
Cumulative Frequency Percent Valid Percent Percent
Valid 5,0-19,9
19
19.0
19.0
19.0 20,0-34,9
23
23.0
23.0
42.0 35,0-49,9
25
25.0
25.0
67.0 50,0-64,9
18
18.0
18.0
85.0 65,0-79,9
4
4.0
4.0
89.0 80,0-94,9
10
10.0
10.0
99.0 >=100,0
1
1.0 1.0 100.0 Total 100 100.0 100.0
Crosstabs Asupan Protein * Anemia Crosstab
Exact Sig. (2- sided) Exact Sig. (1- sided)
100 a. 0 cells (.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 10.12.
b
.802 1 .371 N of Valid Cases
.474 .254 Linear-by-Linear Association
.436 1 .509 Likelihood Ratio .805 1 .369 Fisher's Exact Test
b
1 .368 Continuity Correction
a
Pearson Chi-Square .810
Value df Asymp. Sig. (2- sided)
Anemia Total tidak ya
Chi-Square Tests
77 23 100 % within Asupan Protein 77.0% 23.0% 100.0% % within Anemia 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% % of Total 77.0% 23.0% 100.0%
Total Count
44 % within Asupan Protein 72.7% 27.3% 100.0% % within Anemia 41.6% 52.2% 44.0% % of Total 32.0% 12.0% 44.0%
12
32
56 % within Asupan Protein 80.4% 19.6% 100.0% % within Anemia 58.4% 47.8% 56.0% % of Total 45.0% 11.0% 56.0% tidak cukup Count
11
45
Asupan Protein cukup Count
b. Computed only for a 2x2 table
Asupan vitamin C * Anemia
Crosstab
b
23.0 23.0 100.0 Total 100 100.0 100.0
23
77.0 ya
77.0
77.0
77
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent Valid tidak
Anemia
100 a. 1 cells (25.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 3.45.
b
1.053 1 .305 N of Valid Cases
.326 .236 Linear-by-Linear Association
.488 1 .485 Likelihood Ratio .991 1 .319 Fisher's Exact Test
1 .302 Continuity Correction
Anemia Total tidak ya
a
Pearson Chi-Square 1.064
Exact Sig. (2- sided) Exact Sig. (1- sided)
Value df Asymp. Sig. (2- sided)
Chi-Square Tests
77 23 100 % within Asupan vitamin C 77.0% 23.0% 100.0% % within Anemia 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% % of Total 77.0% 23.0% 100.0%
Total Count
85 % within Asupan vitamin C 78.8% 21.2% 100.0% % within Anemia 87.0% 78.3% 85.0% % of Total 67.0% 18.0% 85.0%
18
67
15 % within Asupan vitamin C 66.7% 33.3% 100.0% % within Anemia 13.0% 21.7% 15.0% % of Total 10.0% 5.0% 15.0% tidak cukup Count
5
10
Asupan vitamin C cukup Count
b. Computed only for a 2x2 table
Bivariat Protein dengan Anemia Crosstab
Value df Asymp. Sig. (2- sided)
100 a. 0 cells (.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 9.66.
b
.337 .188 Linear-by-Linear Association 1.257 1 .262 N of Valid Cases
.785 1 .376 Likelihood Ratio 1.257 1 .262 Fisher's Exact Test
b
1 .260 Continuity Correction
a
Pearson Chi-Square 1.269
Exact Sig. (2- sided) Exact Sig. (1- sided)
Chi-Square Tests
Anemia Total tidak ya
77 23 100 % within Asupan Protein 77.0% 23.0% 100.0% % within Anemia 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% % of Total 77.0% 23.0% 100.0%
Total Count
42 % within Asupan Protein 71.4% 28.6% 100.0% % within Anemia 39.0% 52.2% 42.0% % of Total 30.0% 12.0% 42.0%
12
30
58 % within Asupan Protein 81.0% 19.0% 100.0% % within Anemia 61.0% 47.8% 58.0% % of Total 47.0% 11.0% 58.0% tidak cukup Count
11
47
Asupan Protein cukup Count
b. Computed only for a 2x2 table
Asupan Besi * Anemia Crosstab
Value df Asymp. Sig. (2- sided)
100 a. 0 cells (.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 5.06.
b
.021 .014 Linear-by-Linear Association 5.370 1 .020 N of Valid Cases
4.170 1 .041 Likelihood Ratio 6.918 1 .009 Fisher's Exact Test
b
1 .020 Continuity Correction
a
Pearson Chi-Square 5.424
Exact Sig. (2- sided) Exact Sig. (1- sided)
Chi-Square Tests
Anemia Total tidak ya
77 23 100 % within Asupan Zat Besi 77.0% 23.0% 100.0% % within Anemia 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% % of Total 77.0% 23.0% 100.0%
Total Count
78 % within Asupan Zat Besi 71.8% 28.2% 100.0% % within Anemia 72.7% 95.7% 78.0% % of Total 56.0% 22.0% 78.0%
22
56
22 % within Asupan Zat Besi 95.5% 4.5% 100.0% % within Anemia 27.3% 4.3% 22.0% % of Total 21.0% 1.0% 22.0% tidak cukup Count
1
21
Asupan Zat Besi cukup Count
b. Computed only for a 2x2 table
Asupan Folat * Anemia Crosstab
Exact Sig. (2- sided) Exact Sig. (1- sided)
100 a. 2 cells (50.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 1.15.
b
.587 .262 Linear-by-Linear Association 1.556 1 .212 N of Valid Cases
.502 1 .479 Likelihood Ratio 2.691 1 .101 Fisher's Exact Test
b
1 .210 Continuity Correction
a
Pearson Chi-Square 1.572
Value df Asymp. Sig. (2- sided)
Anemia Total tidak ya
Chi-Square Tests
77 23 100 % within Asupan Folat 77.0% 23.0% 100.0% % within Anemia 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% % of Total 77.0% 23.0% 100.0%
Total Count
95 % within Asupan Folat 75.8% 24.2% 100.0% % within Anemia 93.5% 100.0% 95.0% % of Total 72.0% 23.0% 95.0%
23
72
5 % within Asupan Folat 100.0% .0% 100.0% % within Anemia 6.5% .0% 5.0% % of Total 5.0% .0% 5.0% tidak cukup Count
5
Asupan Folat Cukup Count
b. Computed only for a 2x2 table
Asupan vitamin C * Anemia
Crosstab
Value df Asymp. Sig. (2- sided)
100 a. 1 cells (25.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 3.22.
b
.732 .407 Linear-by-Linear Association .282 1 .595 N of Valid Cases
.037 1 .848 Likelihood Ratio .273 1 .601 Fisher's Exact Test
b
1 .593 Continuity Correction
a
Pearson Chi-Square .285
Exact Sig. (2- sided) Exact Sig. (1- sided)
Chi-Square Tests
Anemia Total tidak ya
77 23 100 % within Asupan vitamin C 77.0% 23.0% 100.0% % within Anemia 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% % of Total 77.0% 23.0% 100.0%
Total Count
86 % within Asupan vitamin C 77.9% 22.1% 100.0% % within Anemia 87.0% 82.6% 86.0% % of Total 67.0% 19.0% 86.0%
19
67
14 % within Asupan vitamin C 71.4% 28.6% 100.0% % within Anemia 13.0% 17.4% 14.0% % of Total 10.0% 4.0% 14.0% tidak cukup Count
4
10
Asupan vitamin C Cukup Count
b. Computed only for a 2x2 table
Konsumsi Teh * Anemia Crosstab
Value df Asymp. Sig. (2- sided)
100 a. 0 cells (.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 5.75.
b
.273 .168 Linear-by-Linear Association 1.509 1 .219 N of Valid Cases
.922 1 .337 Likelihood Ratio 1.451 1 .228 Fisher's Exact Test
b
1 .217 Continuity Correction
a
Pearson Chi-Square 1.525
Exact Sig. (2- sided) Exact Sig. (1- sided)
Chi-Square Tests
Anemia Total tidak ya
77 23 100 % within Konsumsi Teh 77.0% 23.0% 100.0% % within Anemia 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% % of Total 77.0% 23.0% 100.0%
Total Count
25 % within Konsumsi Teh 68.0% 32.0% 100.0% % within Anemia 22.1% 34.8% 25.0% % of Total 17.0% 8.0% 25.0%
8
17
75 % within Konsumsi Teh 80.0% 20.0% 100.0% % within Anemia 77.9% 65.2% 75.0% % of Total 60.0% 15.0% 75.0% tidak baik Count
15
60
Konsumsi Teh Baik Count
b. Computed only for a 2x2 table
Konsumsi Kopi * Anemia Crosstab
Exact Sig. (2- sided) Exact Sig. (1- sided)
100 a. 1 cells (25.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 1.61.
b
.347 .150 Linear-by-Linear Association 2.226 1 .136 N of Valid Cases
1.069 1 .301 Likelihood Ratio 3.814 1 .051 Fisher's Exact Test
b
1 .134 Continuity Correction
a
Pearson Chi-Square 2.248
Value df Asymp. Sig. (2- sided)
Anemia Total tidak ya
Chi-Square Tests
77 23 100 % within Konsumsi Kopi 77.0% 23.0% 100.0% % within Anemia 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% % of Total 77.0% 23.0% 100.0%
Total Count
7 % within Konsumsi Kopi 100.0% .0% 100.0% % within Anemia 9.1% .0% 7.0% % of Total 7.0% .0% 7.0%
7
93 % within Konsumsi Kopi 75.3% 24.7% 100.0% % within Anemia 90.9% 100.0% 93.0% % of Total 70.0% 23.0% 93.0% tidak baik Count
23
70
Konsumsi Kopi Baik Count
b. Computed only for a 2x2 table
Logistic Regression Case Processing Summary a
Unweighted Cases N Percent Selected Cases Included in Analysis 100 100.0
Missing Cases .0 Total 100 100.0
Unselected Cases .0
Total 100 100.0
a. If weight is in effect, see classification table for the total number of cases.
Dependent Variable Encoding
Original Value Internal Value tidak ya
1 Block 0: Beginning Block
a,b
Classification TablePredicted Anemia
Observed tidak ya Percentage Correct Step 0 Anemia Tidak 77 100.0
Ya 23 .0 Overall Percentage
77.0 a. Constant is included in the model.
b. The cut value is .500
Variables in the Equation
B S.E. Wald df Sig. Exp(B) Step 0 Constant -1.208 .238 25.857 1 .000 .299
Variables not in the Equation Score df Sig.
Step 0 Variables FEkat 5.424 1 .020 Fkat 1.572 1 .210 Teh 1.525 1 .217 Kopi 2.248 1 .134
Overall Statistics 8.548 4 .073
Block 1: Method = Backward Stepwise (Wald) Omnibus Tests of Model Coefficients Chi-square df Sig.
Step 1 Step 12.537 4 .014 Block 12.537 4 .014 Model 12.537 4 .014
a
Step 2 Step -.953 1 .329 Block 11.584 3 .009 Model 11.584 3 .009
a
Step 3 Step -2.526 1 .112 Block 9.058 2 .011 Model 9.058 2 .011
a
Step 4 Step -2.140 1 .143 Block 6.918 1 .009 Model 6.918 1 .009
a. A negative Chi-squares value indicates that the Chi-squares value has decreased from the previous step.
Model Summary
Cox & Snell R Nagelkerke R Step -2 Log likelihood Square Square
a
1 95.319 .118 .179
a
2 96.271 .109 .166
b
3 98.797 .087 .131
b
4 100.937 .067 .101
a. Estimation terminated at iteration number 20 because maximum iterations has been reached. Final solution cannot be found.
b. Estimation terminated at iteration number 6 because parameter estimates changed by less than .001.
a
Classification TablePredicted Anemia
Observed tidak ya Percentage Correct Step 1 Anemia Tidak 77 100.0
Ya 23 .0 Overall Percentage
77.0 Step 2 Anemia Tidak 77 100.0 Ya 23 .0
Overall Percentage
77.0 Step 3 Anemia Tidak 77 100.0 Ya 23 .0
Overall Percentage
77.0 Step 4 Anemia Tidak 77 100.0 Ya 23 .0
Overall Percentage
77.0
a. The cut value is .500
Variables in the Equation
B S.E. Wald df Sig. Exp(B)
a
Step 1 FEkat 1.988 1.075 3.418 1 .065 7.301 Fkat 18.823 1.642E4 .000 1 .999 1.495E8 The .681 .548 1.545 1 .214 1.975 Kopi -19.545 1.416E4 .000 1 .999 .000 Constant -21.835 1.642E4 .000 1 .999 .000
a
Step 2 FEkat 2.155 1.070 4.057 1 .044 8.628 The .705 .547 1.661 1 .197 2.024 Kopi -19.570 1.439E4 .000 1 .999 .000 Constant -3.204 1.069 8.973 1 .003 .041
a
Step 3 FEkat 2.226 1.064 4.373 1 .037 9.263 The .807 .545 2.191 1 .139 2.241 Constant -3.369 1.062 10.074 1 .002 .034
a
Step 4 FEkat 2.110 1.054 4.008 1 .045 8.250 Constant -3.045 1.024 8.848 1 .003 .048 a. Variable(s) entered on step 1: FEkat, Fkat, Teh, Kopi.
Variables not in the Equation Score df Sig.
Step 2
a
Variables Fkat .549 1 .459 Overall Statistics .549 1 .459
Step 3
b
Variables Fkat .542 1 .462 Kopi 1.486 1 .223
Overall Statistics 2.022 2 .364 Step 4
c
Variables Fkat .629 1 .428 Teh 2.254 1 .133 Kopi 1.815 1 .178
Overall Statistics 4.059 3 .255 a. Variable(s) removed on step 2: Fkat.
b. Variable(s) removed on step 3: Kopi.
c. Variable(s) removed on step 4: Teh.