PSYCHOANALYSIS OF LORI’S CHARACTER IN CHASING MONTANA BY LORI SODERLIND.

PSYCHOANALYSIS OF LORI’S CHARACTER IN CHASING MONTANA BY LORI SODERLIND

A THESIS

Submitted as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Sarjana Degree of English Department Faculty of Letters and Humanities State Islamic University

Sunan Ampel Surabaya.

By:

Farah Adnia Zisykien Nim : A03211012

ENGLISH DEPARTMENT

FACULTY OF LETTERS AND HUMANITIES

STATE ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY SUNAN AMPEL SURABAYA

2016

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DECLARATION

This thesis contains materials which have been accepted for the award of Sarjana degree of English Department Faculty of Letters and Humanity State Islamic University Sunan Ampel Surabaya, and to the best of my knowledge and belief, it contains no material

previously published or written by other person except where due reference is made in the

text of the thesis.

Farah Adnia Zisykien NIM. A03211012

APPROVAL SHEET

Approved to be examined Surabaya, januari I th 2016

Approved by The Advisor

4JJMt-Wahju Kusumajanti, M.Hum

NIP.l97002051999032002

Acknowledged by

The Head of English Department

Dr.Mohammad Kurjum, M, Ag

NIP. 196909251994031002

ENGLISH DEPARTMENT

FACULTY OF LETTERS AND HUMANITIES

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STATE ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY SUN AN

ａｾＱｐｅｌ＠

SURABA Y A

2016

This thesis has been approved and accepted by the bead of English Department faculty of Letters and Humanities, UIN Sunan Ampel Surabaya

On February 2"d 2016

The Board of Examiners:

Examiner I Examiner IV

ｾｾｾｴｾｾｾｊｉ＠

Himmatul Khoiroh, S.Ag, 1\I.Pd. NIP.197002051999032002 NIP.197612222007012021

rll Examiner III

NIP.197604122011012003 NJP.196906152007011051

Vll

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ABSTRACT

Zisykien, Farah Adnia. 2016. Psychoanalysis of Main Character in Chasing Montana novel. English Department, Faculty of Humanities. State Islamic University of Sunan Ampel Surabaya.

The advisor : Wahju kusumajanti, M. Hum

This research is aimed to find the main character especially woman character in

Chasing Montana Novel. This analysis is viewed from the psychoanalysis point of view. Journey of life from a woman who wants to conduct her journey in Montana, her name is Lori Soderlind, She is described as a baby boomer. That is a group of people in America who were born after the Second World War, She decides to resign from her job as a reporter just for start her journey to go to Montana. The writer uses Psychoanalysis theory from Sigmund Freud as a theory to analyze this novel. In analyzing this novel, the writer tries to use New Criticism as supporting theory that focuses on characterization. This idea is described by woman character, Lori Soderlind. The writer finds that Lori Soderlind wants to prove to everyone that what she hears about Montana is true thing. Therefore, she goes to Montana to prove that Montana is exist and beautiful place, though she has to resign from her job as a reporter. In fact, her journey is useless because Montana is not a beautiful place but it is a dusty place, ranching place, not exist, unknown, and remained distant.

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INTISARI

Zisykien, Farah Adnia. 2016. Psychoanalysis of Main Character in Chasing Montana novel. Skripsi. Sastra Inggris, Fakultas Sastra, Universitas Islam Negeri Sunan Ampel Surabaya.

Dosen Pembimbing: Wahju kusumajanti, M. Hum

Di dalam analisa ini, penelitian menganalisa peran utama pada cerita ini yaitu peran

seorang wanita dalam novel chasing montan. Analisa ini dapat di lihatdari sudut pandang

psychoanalysis. Perjalanan hidup seorang wanita yang bernama Lori Soderlind Lori

Soderlind yang di gambarkan sebagai sebagai baby boomer. Itu adalah sekelompok orang di Amerika yang lahir setelah Perang Dunia Kedua. Dia memutuskan untuk berhenti dari pekerjaannya sebagai reporter hanya untuk memulai perjalanannya menuju Montana. Penulis menggunakan teori psychoanalysis dari Sigmund Freud sebagai teori untuk menganalisis novel ini. Dalam menganalisis novel ini, penulis mencoba untuk menggunkan new criticism sebagai teori pendukung yang fokus pada karakterisasi. Ide ini di gambarkan oleh karakter wanita, Lori Soderlind. Penulis menemukan bahwa Lori Soderlind ingin membuktikan kepada semua orang bahwa yang dia dengar tentang montana benar adanya novel ini, peneliti mencoba mengexplorasi menggunakan New Criticism yang fokus pada characterization sebagai teori pendukung. Ide ini digambarkan oleh karakter perempuan yaitu Lori Soderlind. Peneliti menemukan bahwa Lori Soderlin ingin membuktikan kepada semua orang bahwa apa yang dia dengar tentang keberadaan Montana itu benar adanya. Oleh karena itu, dia menuju Montana untuk membuktikan bahwa Montana itu ada dan indah walaupun dia harus meninggalkan pekerjaannya sebagai reporter. Faktanya, perjalanannya adalah sia-sia karena Montana bukan tempat yang indah tetapi tempat yang berdebu, tidak pernah ada, yang tak dikenal, dan sangat jauh.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

Inside cover . ... i

Inside tittle . ... ii

Declaration . ... iii

Dedication . ... iv

Motto . ... v

Advisor’s Approval . ... vi

Examiner’s Approval . ... vii

Acknowledgments.. ... viii

Table of Contents. ... x

Abstract . ... xii

CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION ... 1

1.1 Background of the Study . ... 1

1.2 Statement of the Problem . ... 3

1.3 Objective of the Study . ... 4

1.4 Scope and Limitation . ... 4

1.5 Significance of the Study ... 4

1.6 Method of the Study . ... 5

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CHAPTER II LITERARY REVIEW . ... 7

2.1 Literary Framework . ... 7

2.1.1. Character . ... 8

2.1.2. Characterization . ... 9

2.1.3. Psychoanalysis . ... 10

2.1.3.1. Id . ... 12

2.1.3.2. Ego . ... 13

2.1.3.3. Superego . ... 14

CHAPTER III ANALYSIS . ... 16

CHAPTER VI CONCLUSION . ... 50

REFERENCES . ... 53

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CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background of Study

Literature is an expression of human in writing form. Wellek (1956) says that literature is a work of art or art activity that related to imaginative of creative writing. As long as the writing form has unique things, it can be called literature. the unique thing its mean in sense, position, chemical combination cannot be duplicated exacly. Morever, all words in every literary work of art are, by their

very nature, “general” and not particulars. In other hand, literature is different

from emotional language. Literature contains thought, meanwhile emotional language is by no means confined to literature: witness a lovers' conversation or an ordinary argument. It means that literature has expressive function and it can influence the readers. So, literature is imaginative of art (Wellek, 1956).

Meanwhile, Eagleton says that,” literature is definable not according to

whether it is fictional or imaginative but it uses language in peculiar ways”, Literature transforms and intensifies ordinary language, deviates systematically from everyday speech. It cause the texture, rhythm and resonance words are in excess of their abstractable meaning - or, as the linguists might more technically put it, there is a disproportion between the signifiers and the signifieds. (Eaglaton 2). It means that literature does not depend on fictional or imaginative things but it depends on their characterization. In fact, every person has imaginative thought in

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their minds. Those are something unreal and real things in this world. Therefore, every person has authorship to express her/his feeling.

In literature we find three forms, One of them is often classified into some other forms, such as romance, short story, biography and novel. In present study, the writer uses a novel to analyze her study.

Novel has many definitions. According to Holman novel is a writing that used in its broadest sense to designate any extended fictional prose narrative or a narrative text then often presented by some organizing principles, theme, plot and

idea (Holman 298). Whereas, Clara Reeve as quoted in Wellek, “novel is a picture

of real life and manners, and of the time in which it is written. The romance, in lofty and elevated language, describes what never happened nor is likely to

happen” (Wellek 223). From the two definitions of the novel before, I prefer to

use Wellek definition.

Novel is divided into two types, they are fiction and nonfiction. Holman explains that, fiction is a creative writing containing story which is made based on imagination or the writer fantasy. The term is most frequently associated with novel and short stories. Sometimes, author uses imaginative elaboration of incidents and qualities of real person in biography, resulting in a type of writing popular in recent years, the fictional biography (Holman 202). Non-fiction includes all of things biographies, histories, and memoirs. Narrative non-fiction relates story that really happened but in a way draws just like fiction

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A novel places its major emphasis upon the representation and development of character rather than upon exciting episode, as in the novel of incident, or upon unity of plot or structure. See novel, characterization (Holman 303). Bennett Andrew and Nicholas R say characters are the life of literature. Character is the objects of our curiosity and fascination, affection and dislike, admiration and condemnation. Through the power of identification, through sympathy and antipathy, they can become part of how we conceive ourselves, a part of who we are (Bennett A and Nicholas R 60).

One of the example of literary work of creative nonfiction is novel

Chasing Montana by Lori Soderlind from America Wisconsin. Chasing Montana

is first novel by Lori Soderlind. Chasing Montana tells about a reality, the relationship between love and pain and struggle of some characters for their life. She is a child of the Seventies who feels misled by the rebellious "boomer" generation and disappointed with life in 1980s New Jersey. Spurred by the tale of her pioneering grandparents, who immigrated to Montana, and following her friend Madeleine, who has all the answers, Lori quits her job, loosens her ties, and sets off into a wild frontier.

Lori Soderlind is the main character and Madeleine is the supporting character. Firstly, they are partner in place of their work and they are good partners. Lori Soderlind was thirty years old when she starts her journey, it looks like something impossible when she decides to resign from her job, just for her journey. Lori Soderlind as the main character appears in the process of searching

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Based on these explanations above the writer chooses the Chasing Montana

novel to analyze because of some reasons. The first reason is as a subject to represent the problem that the writer analyzes in the content of psychoanalysis

theory. Second reason is Chasing Montana novel is an interesting work of

creative non-fiction, when Lori believe that Montana is the real place and she want to go to there althouth she ever know that the place is never exists.

1.2Statement of problem

Based on the background of study the writer tries to identify the problem by the following question:

1. How is Lori characterized in Chasing Montana novel?

2. How does Lori conduct her journey in Montana?

1.3Objective of study

The object researches are intended to:

1. To describe Lori as a main character and characterization in that

novel.

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1.4Scope and limitation

To avoid a broader analysis, in this study the writer focuses on main

character (Lori) in Chasing Montana novel. The analysis of characterization

applies the idea for further writer in psychoanalysis theory by Sigmund Freud.

1.5Significance of study

By this study, it is purposed for giving theoretical and practical contribution. Theoretically, the results of the study are expected to give contribution in

developing the study and analysis on literary study that related with the study of

psychoanalysis on Lori Soderlind in a novel entitled “Chasing Montana” by Lori

Soderlind. The writer expects to give more knowledge about how Lori struggles for her life as a woman.

Practically, the writer also expects this study gives an inspiration for other studies especially in English Letters Department of UIN SunanAmpel Surabaya. Thus, this study can help the readers to study more about this novel and analyzing another aspect of Chasing Montana in different area.

1.6 Method of study

This part the writer discusses about how the research is conducted. It brings four main sub parts. Those are research design, source of data, technique of data collection, and data analysis.

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1.6.1 Research design

Based on statement of problem and significance of the study above, the writer applied descriptive qualitative method, where the writer described and analyzed the study taken from library (Books, internet and etc.).

1.6.2 Source of data

The writer took the data from the novel Chasing Montana by Lori

Soderlind. Besides that, the writer used secondary sources. Those are library research and online sources. The purpose is to get more information in doing analysis.

1.6.3 Procedure of Data Collection

Data is important part for managing a research, so data must be

collected effectively and completely as the writer needs as much as possible. In collecting data for the research are based on library research or qualitative research method. The steps of colecting data are as follow:

1.6.3.1 Reading Chasing Montana novel many times to get well

understanding about the novel.

1.6.3.2 Collecting the data from the novel which are suitable with the problem of the study

1.6.3.3 Reading and selecting the references which is related with or support the data collection.

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1.6.4 Procedure of data analysis

The data which has been collected which is using literary theory. In this research, the writer used descriptive analytical method. The following are the steps of procedure of data analysis:

1.6.4.1. Describing a main character and characterization in that novel.

1.6.4.2. Explaning how Lori conduct her journey in Montana.

1.7Definition of Key Term

Personality : A pattern of relatively permanent trait and unique

characteristics that give both consistency and individuality

to a person’s behavior. (Feist4)

Struggle : try hard to do something or move somewhere when it is

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CHAPTER II LITERARY REVIEW

This part is centered on discussing some theories which are going to be used as a guide of conducting this research. The theories are characterization and psychoanalysis theory. Characterization theory is used to help in finding out how other character in the story is characterized. Meanwhile, psychoanalysis theory is

used to analyze women’s character, especially in this research.

2.1New critism theory

New Criticism occupies an unusual position, both in this textbook and in the field of literary studies today. On the other hand, New Criticism, which dominated literary studies from the 1940s through the 1960s, has left a lasting imprint on the way we read and write about literature. Some of its most important

concepts concerning the nature and importance of textual evidence—the use of

concrete, specific examples from the text itself to validate our interpretations— have been incorporated into the way most literary critics today, regardless of their theoretical persuasion, support their readings of literature. The New Critical effort to focus our attention on the literary work as the sole source of evidence for interpreting it. The life and times of the author and the spirit of the age in which he or she lived are certainly of interest to the literary historian, New Critics argued, but they do not provide the literary critic with information that can be used to analyze the text itself (Tyson 135). Although the author’s intention or the

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reader’s response is sometimes mentioned in New Critical readings of literary texts, neither one is the focus of analysis. we can know if a given author’s

intention or a given reader’s interpretation actually represents the text’s meaning

is to carefully examine, or “closely read,” all the evidence provided by the

language of the text itself: its images, symbols, metaphors, rhyme, meter, point of view, setting, characterization, plot, and so forth, which, because they form, or shape, the literary work are called its formal elements (Tyson 137).

2.1.1 Character

Since novel as a literary work is inseparable with human’s life as a

representations where the author tries to serve some of human phenomena in the world through the written words. It is known that sometimes an author writes a story based on the true story (Holman 299). So the character which is appearing in the story is a shadow from a real person who lives in the real world.

Character has important role in a story, besides as a means of story that makes the story alive, character also represents a person becomes something interested in the story. Characters in fiction can be conveniently classified as major and minor static and dynamic (Diyani Robert 54). Bennet and Royle say characters are considered as the life of literature: Characters become the objects of

the readers’ curiosity and fascination, affection and dislike, admiration and

condemnation. Indeed, our intense relationship with literary characters makes them to be more than becoming simply objects because in which through the

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power of identification, through sympathy and antipathy, they can become part of how we conceive ourselves, a part of who we are (Bennet A and Nicholas R 60)

Talking about character means that we refer to a person in a fictional story. Characters are the people who appear and experience life stories in fictional works. It can be simply said that characters are people who are included in the story. Character is a brief descriptive sketch of a personage who typifies some definite quality (Holman 74). Just like us in the real world, characters act, speak, think, also face some problems, and so on. Besides, they can be characterized as good, bad, kind, generous and any other types of human quality.

2.1.2 Characterization

Character only is not enough to build a story. It must be clear how the author imagine the character in order to be more alive in a story that is what is called as characterization. Holman says that characterization is the author show the character of imaginary person. Characterization is an essential component in writing a good fiction because characterization have ability to characterize the people of one's imagination successfully is a primary attribute of a good novelist, dramatist, or short-story writer.(75)

There are three fundamental methods of characterization in fiction: (1) the explicit presentation by the author of character through direct exposition, either in an introductory block or more often piecemeal throughout the work, illustrated by action.(2) the presentation of the character in action, with little or no explicit comment by the author, in the expectation that the reader will be able to deduce

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the attributes of the actor from the action; (3) the representation from within a character, without comment on the character by the author, of the impact of

actions and emotions upon the character’s inner self, with the expectation that the

rider will come to clear understanding the attributes of the character.

2.2 Psychoanalysis

Psychoanalysis is both a theory of personality and a method of therapy. Freud tried to explain how we get the way we are (that is, how our personalities are formed), and he also formulated techniques to use in treating neuroses. He did not develop first one aspect of psychoanalysis and then the other; explanation and treatment developed hand in hand. As mentioned previously, early in his career Freud began to suspect that unconscious sexual conflicts were at the root of psychological problems. This was the start of the theory of psychoanalysis and provided Freud with a stepping-stone to further theoretical developments, which occurred as he continued to treat neurotic persons and to engage in self-analysis. There was interplay between his theoretical formulations and his analytic

observations, each influencing the other. We will now consider some of the most salient features of psychoanalysis as a theory of personality (often called

psychoanalytic theory), and then we will briefly discuss psychoanalysis as a method of therapy (Nye 10). Freud divided the main or level mental into two, consciousness and unconsciousness the conscious, in turn has two different levels, the unconscious proper and the preconscious (Feist 23). In Freudian the three

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levels of mental life are used to designate both a process and a location. The following are three levels of these:

2.2.1 Unconscious

The unconscious all those drives, urges, or instinct that are beyond our awareness but that nevertheless motivate most of our word, feelings, and action. Although we may be conscious of our overt behaviors, we often are not aware of the mental processes that lie behind them. For example, a man may know that he is attracted to woman but may not fully understand all the reason for the

attraction, some of which may even seem irrational.

2.2.2 Preconscious

The preconscious levels of mind contain all those element that are not conscious but can become conscious either quite readily or with some difficulty (Freud, 1933/1964).

The content of the preconscious come from two sources, the first of which is conscious perception. The second source of preconscious images is the

unconscious. Freud believed that the ideas can slip past the vigilant censor and enter into the preconscious in a disguised form.

2.2.3 Conscious

Consciousness, which plays a relatively minor role in psychoanalytic, can be defined as those mental elements in awareness at any given point in time (Feist 23).

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Freud says that there are three provinces of the mind; id, ego and

superego. These province or regions have no territorial existence, of course, but are merely hypnotically constructs. They interact with the three levels of mental life so that the ego cuts across the various topographic levels and has conscious, preconscious and unconscious components, whereas the superego is both preconscious And unconscious and the id is completely unconscious (Feist 27 ). The three provinces as below:

3.1 Id

The id according to Freud is core of personality and completely unconscious is the psychical region called id, It has no contact with reality, but it strives

constantly to reduce tension by satisfying basic desires (Feist27). Otherwise is only function is to seek pleasure. We say that the id serves the pleasure principle. The id is the most primitive part of the personality. It is the original system with which the newborn infant comes equipped. The id does not know right from wrong has no perspective on the possibilities and impossibilities of the real world, and has no inhibitions. (Freud1923: 11). Besides being unrealistic and pleasure seeking, the id is illogical and can simultaneously entertain incompatible ideas. For example, a woman may show conscious love for her mother while

unconsciously wishing to destroy her. These opposing desire are possible because the id has no morality. That is, it cannot make value judgments or distinguish between good and evil. However, the id is not immoral, merely amoral. All of the

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id’s energy is spent for one purpose-to seek pleasure without regard for what is

proper or just (Feist 28).

In review, the id is primitive, chaotic, and inaccessible to consciousness, unchangeable, amoral, illogical, unorganized, and filled energy received from basic drives and discharged for the satisfaction of the pleasure principle. As the region that houses basic drives (primary motivates), the id operates through the primary process. Because it blindly seeks to satisfy the pleasure principle, its survival is dependent on the development of a secondary process to bring it into contact with the external world (Feist 29).

3.2 Ego

Ego is only region of the mind in contact with reality (Feist 29). Its gowns

out of the id during and youth become a person’s sole source of communication

with the external world. It is determined by the reality principle of the id, which it tries to substitute for the pleasure principle of the id. Because of ego is reality principle based, the fulfillment is through secondary process (Feist 29). It means that the fulfillment is done by realistic thinking. The process is about testing the action is possible to do. In ego need a consideration whether the action will be done or not. According to Freud the ego becomes differentiated from the id when infants learn to distinguish themselves from the outer world. While the id remains

unchanged, the ego continues to develop strategies for handling the id’s

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As children begin to experience parental rewards and punishments, they learn what to do in order to gain pleasure and avoid pain. At this young age pleasure and pain are ego functions because children have not yet developed a conscience and ego-ideal. That is, super ego. As children reach the age of 5 or 6 years, they identify with their parents and begin to learn what they should and should not do.

3.3 Superego

In Freudian psychology, the superego represents the moral and ideal aspects of personality and is guided by the moralistic and idealistic principles as opposed to the pleasure principle of the ego. The superego grows out of the ego, and like the ego, it has no energy of its own. However, the superego differs from the ego, in one important respect. It has no contact with the outside world and therefore is unrealistic in its demands for perfection. It means that the ideal figure which is purposed is not realistic. When it is not realistic for fulfilling desire or drives, superego is not realistic in fulfilling the ideal figure or perfection.

Superego has two subsystems. They are the conscience and ego-ideal. Freud did not clearly distinguish between these two function, but, in general, the conscience result from experiences with punishment for improper behavior and tell us what we should not do, whereas the ego-ideal develops from experience with reward for proper behavior and tell us what we should not do (Feist 30).

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The superego strives for perfection and is seldom satisfied with less. It is, like the id, unrealistic. If it becomes too powerful (gains too much of the psychic energy that runs the personality), it will exert almost complete domination over the id and the ego, creating intense guilt as well as inhibiting the id's instincts and immobilizing the ego's attempts to achieve satisfaction in the real world. The number and intensity of do's and don'ts may be so great that the ego, figuratively, has nowhere to turn and shrinks into a corner of the personality, unresponsive to the cries for gratification emitted by the id and ineffective in the face of reality's demands (Freud 18).

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CHAPTER III ANALYSIS

Lori’s Characters and her journey to Montana

In this chapter, the writer would like to discuss the analysis chronologically based on the statement of problem. The first analysis is the Lori characterized in

Chasing Montana novel as the basic description about the character. Then the next analysis is to answerthe second statement of the problem. How does Lori conduct her journey in Montana, the statements analyze how Lori convince the other people that Montana is exist by way of invite her friend and publish her article about it.

A. Character and characteristics of Lori 1. Character of Lori

The writer divides this chapter into two parts. First, the writer analyzes the

character and characteristics of main character in the novel Chasing Montana.

Second, the writer analyzes how the main character convinces the others that Montana is exist.

In this novel, Lori Soderlind is a main or major character. According to Holman, Character is a brief descriptive sketch of a personage who typifies some definite quality (74). Character is important thing in a novel because it represents a person becomes something interested in the story.

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In the novel tells about Lori Soderlind’s life since she was a child until

mature. It will be explained in the next point to get more understanding, here are some characteristics.

2. Characteristics of Lori Soderlind 2.1 Ambitious

Lori is an ambitious girl and hard worker. Lori has ambition to create her dream a pretty wonderful life at her childhood. She is type of girl who has enthusiasm and never give up to attain her dream with becomes hard worker. So that she decides to go the wild Montana. We can see the quotation below:

I had imagined a pretty wonderful life for myself as a child.

In 1988 I was twenty-four years old, working as a reporter at a small daily newspaper in Elizabeth, New Jersey. Madeleine was a

photographer there. I felt lucky to know her, because she seemed to see the world like I did, and so I felt a little less alone. The job in Elizabeth was her first, and my second; I changed jobs a few times in my first years working, hoping I could find something better

(Soderlind 6).

Every child has a dream belongs to Lori. She hopes to get a wonderful life. She wants to create her dream, so she must be a hard worker. In twenty four years old, she was working as a reporter in a small daily newspaper in Elizabeth, New Jersey. It is her second work and she hopes to find something better than before.

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Something more than trying to get rich, and sleeping, and staying well fed until I grew old and died; I wanted something freer than that, more creative (Soderlind 7).

Based on quotation above, she wants to be a rich person so that she can do anything as the others.

Another Lori’s ambitious character is when her friend, Madeleine, tells

about Montana to her and invites her to go to Montana. We can see the quotation below:

When I was about the same age William was when he left for the West, I wanted to move to Montana, but not because of my family ties. I decided to go with a woman named Madeleine; she was the only

person I’d ever known besides my father who had actually been to Montana, and she was the first to take me there.

By seeing the quotation above, she says that when her age same like William, he goes to west and wants to go to Montana. It is not because of her family but because her friend, Madeleine, that is, she is the only person knows about Montana and ever go there.

She has ambitions to go to Montana because she quits from her job .We can see the dialog between Madeleine with Lori below:

Madeleine said, “Hey, you quit your job? Wow. That’s exciting. That means you gotta go out there and stay on the road just as long as you

can,” and she started planning. Maybe she’d get the summer off. I said, “Maybe you could quit your job, too.” That’s what I wanted. I felt as if I’d figured out the secret to finding a real life, the best kind of life—just leave the junk behind! Forget it!—and surely if I felt it then she felt it too: when I thought of Montana, she was always there.

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ones I had seen in Life magazine as a child, but Life was over, and so I settled on the modest ambition of covering the school board without getting fired (Soderlind 11).

By seeing the quotation above, it is so clearly that she has ambition to get everything what she wants. She is a strong woman, not easy to give up and wants to prove to everyone that she has same happiness in her life, Somehow the way. She never feels enough for what she got, that is why she wants to go to Montana with her friend. The point is, she has heavy ambitious to get something and a value satisfaction of her life.

2.2 Friendly

The other characteristic of Lori Soderlind is friendly. We can see when Lori meets some people and becomes their friend. She meets them in her journey when she goes to Montana. We can see the quotation of below:

On Madeleine’s first visit, she and I took over the communal kitchen

to make a meal. It was the nerve center of that house: a clut-tered box full of doors, ringed with unruly cupboards. The room was equipped both for cooking and doing laundry, with a washing machine that doubled as a counter top. Madeleine put a cutting board across the washing machine and chopped broccoli; I boiled cavatelli and sautéed onions on the brown stove, moving its one re-maining knob around to work all the burners. Beneath fluorescent lights in a water-stained drop ceiling, we cooked dinner together. It was a ritual

Madeleine said she thought all women should share, if they planned to be friends, because making food is a nourishing and

The West made me feel as if it was okay to be fast friends with a person I liked, when I found one; maybe that was why Madeleine, who had lived in Montana for years, always seemed able to be friends with anyone. I smiled at Bill, and then I looked at Madeleine.

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From the quotation above, it is proved that Madeleine is a friendly woman as when she had been lived in Montana for many years and she was able to be friends with anyone.

2.3 Adventurous

In the novel that is very clearly that Lori Soderlind is an adventurer. Her

journey is so far from New Jersey, it’s about a week. Actually, this is not her

hobbies; she just wants to look for something different in her life. See the quotation below:

My own tumbleweed: I would keep it in my yard, at home, if I ever went home, and I would have it for a pet. On bad days I could look outside and watch this evidence roll around between the fences, and then I would remember how it felt to be in a different place, unwritten

on, and to be happy, seeing myself as a tumblin’ tumbleweed and my life as an adventure in a world of endless possibility (Soderlind 96).

The other quotations support:

There were so many beautiful places in Montana, so many

possibilities and so many people to see, and we talked about them, and about the days ahead of us, as we drove away from the rushing river and the dead fish and the rocky creek bed. We pointed ourselves toward our next adventure, and after that, we never talked about going camping again (Soderlind 116).

Madeleine said, “You stay on the road as long as you can, don’t rush.

This is your adventure, right? Just stay until the money runs

out.”(Soderlind 139).

I needed to wander just enough to make myself a convincing road warrior, in case anyone at home might wonder. I felt lonely and aimless, but I wanted to be able to say I’d had adventures and not that

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There are many beautiful places in Montana, of course, many people want to see it. she wants to show to them that she goes to there not to avoid the

problem, but she just wants to refresh her brain with to go to Montana and looks for experience with the new world. They are so enjoy with their journey.

It was terrifying. I had to stop returning his calls; even though I did like adventures, even though I did like Europe, even though I wanted to be wild, no one else was wild, no one else could have fun and then just let go; life-altering mistakes lay around me like quicksand (Soderlind 170).

It wasn’t long before I was making the journey to Newark every

weekend. I drove out of Morristown, through Chatham, past perfectly kept Victorian houses lurching up from great lawns. Children riding little bikes stopped to watch my car fly by and I flew, mostly on Saturday nights at first but then earlier and earlier; so early at last that I started showing up at her door in the morning, still sleepy, drinking strong coffee.

Based on quotation above, we can see that Lori is like an adventure even it is not her hobbies. We can see that Lori very enjoyed with all the process as long as her adventure.

2.4 Independent

Independent is someone or something that is free from the influence or control of another. Not relying on others; no need to work for a living (dictionary). Lori Soderlind becomes a woman who does not depend on her family especially in case. Even though she can ask money to her parent to satisfy her needs, but she does not do it. We can see quotation below:

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Something more than trying to get rich, and sleeping, and staying well fed until I grew old and died; I wanted something free than that, more creative(Soderlind 7).

I quit my job at the Daily Journal about a year after I started and went to work for a slightly larger dying paper a few dead cities to the north.

She wants to create her dream or hopes with her work. She wants to became rich, can do anything like she wants until she old and died. So that, finally she quits from her job and to go to north just to fulfill her needs.

Madeleine said, “Hey, you quit your job?Wow. That’s exciting. That

means you gotta go out there and stay on the road just as long as you

can,” and she started planning. Maybe she’d get the summer off. I said, “Maybe you could quit your job, too.” That’s what I wanted. I felt as if I’d figured out the secret to finding a real life, the best kind of life—just leave the junk behind! Forget it!—and surely if I felt it then she felt it too: when I thought of Montana, she was always there.

Based on the quotation above, it is clear that she is an independent person so that, she resigns from her job just for seeks her satisfactions.

2.5 Confident

Confident is having a feeling or belief that you can do something well or succed at something: having confident. It show when Lori decide to resign from her job and go to Montana. we can see the quotation below :

Two days later I gave two-weeks notice. “I’m going to Montana,” I

told Walter, and then, everyone.“You’re . . . what?” they invariably answered.“I’m quitting,” I said. “I’m going to find America.”

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The quotation above tell that Lori confident when she do anything so that she can decide to resign from her job just for go to Montana that even she do not know how place of Montana, the condition ect, she just know the story from Madeleine.

B. Lori conducts her journey in Montana.

Based on the discussion of Lori’s characterization, it is founded that Lori

feels depressed of his life. It can be seen from the story, that is her depressed is developed by her mental. Her dream when she was a childhood brings out her to be a strong girl, never give up creating her dreams in her life. So that, in middle of her journey, she decides to go to Montana. It is purposed to get satisfaction of herself. The phenomena are explained by Sigmund Freud of psychoanalysis theory. Sigmund Freud of psychology is most commonly depicted as a three levels of mental life are used designated both a process and location. The existence as a specific location of course, is merely hypnotically and has no real existence within the body. Yet, Freud of the unconscious as well as unconscious process (Feist 24).

The main idea is that each level of unconscious level of Freud, The unconscious is the storehouse of those painful experiences and emotions, those wounds, fears, guilty desires, and unresolved conflicts. The unconscious comes into being when we are very young through the repression, the expunging from consciousness, of these unhappy psychological events. However, repression does not eliminate our painful experiences and emotions (Tyson 12). In this analysis,

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and behavior of unconscious level. In psychoanalysis theory, Freud divided into three kinds of psychology; id, ego and superego.

1. There are two manners when Lori conducts her journey in Montana. 1.1 Invite her friend to go to Montana

Lori is a hard worker woman who wants to change her life to be better than before. She always thinks how to be a rich woman and create her dream. So, she is very ambitious to reach her dream. One day when she meets a new friend where she gave a new expectation in her life, that is, she invites her to go to Montana. Montana is a place where her father and grandparent were born. They have been live there until were died. Formally, she is not really interested in Montana. Even, she does not care about it. But, after she met Madeleine and

Madeleine’s Montana, she feels curious about Montana. The condition of

Montana is not same with the condition in other place. Someday, she was

escaping from his family without giving any information and permission. It is the first time that she ever done in her life. So that, her parent is like feels loss her child, it causes of what she wants to do in her life. As the example, when she works in Elizabeth as reporter, but suddenly she resigns from her job because she wants to go to Montana with her friend, Madeleine. This case happen because just she knows about Montana and ever live there, she does not care even her friend say that her decide is foolishness and she still does not care about it. It looks like something impossible. We can see the quotation below:

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good; in New Jersey my parents might have wondered if they had lost another child, but they were kind enough not to say so(Soderlind62).

Below is the quotation when Lori quits from her job just for her journey.

Two days later I gave two-weeks notice. “I’m going to Montana,” I told Walter, and then, everyone.

“You’re . . . what?” they invariably answered.

“I’m quitting,” Isaid. “I’m going to find America (Soderlind 58).

The quotation below shows when Lori permits with her friend in place of work.

Others were dubious. When I told people at work that I was “going west,” they said this foolishness would ruin my life. “You’ll never get

another job,” some said. “You don’t just quit jobs, you don’t just get to pick up and go. You’ll be sorry.” But that didn’t make any sense to me at all. What was this obsession with having a job? If you didn’t

like your job very much and saw no future in it, then wasn’t staying wrong? Of course it was (Sodelind 59).

When she decides to resign from her job, there are many people, her friend exactly, says that she is foolish and getting regretted because she had leaft her job just for go to the west. But she does not care about them, and keep her decides to resign and to go to west.

Firstly, she visits her aunt in Milwaukee. She tells to her aunt that she wants to go to find America. Then, her aunt tells that she ever goes there and it is so awful for her. But she does not like to belief her aunt and still keep her decides. We can see the quotation below:

This expression and its variations seemed to annoy people. It particularly aggravated my aunt in Milwaukee, who I visited at the

start of my journey. “I’m going to find America,” I said. “I’m going to take my time.” She rolled her eyes. She’d looked once for America; she’d even joined the Peace Corps and gone to Thailand, looking for

the world, but then she found Milwaukee. She said, “Oh, please. The

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described her long painful crossing of the arid northern highway in Montana, driving the length of hellish Route 2 in a camper van with a new baby who cried and cried; her entire Montana experience was awful, but not as awful as when she almost died in the riptide off Thailand in the Peace Corps, 1965. Ghastly awful. But awful things

make good stories and she didn’t know the Montana I knew and

anyhow, I was going (Soderlind 59).

She is very enjoying her journey and see beautiful place, she feels that Montana is different with Wisconsin. She depicts Montana is landscape from sky looked so wide, it could not be the same sky like they knew in Wisconsin. The blue dome faded through four or five different shades until hit a faint line of mountains on the western horizon. We can see the quotation below:

Driving to Rapelje: not long ago, living in the soft pocket of their midwestern hometowns, could they ever have imagined what they saw now? The sun beat into the deep crags of wild earth, antelope

scattered before them. The Montana landscape exaggerates: the sky looked so wide, it could not be the same sky they knew in Wisconsin. The blue dome faded through four or five different shades until it hit a faint line of mountains on the western horizon (Soderlind 64).

From the quotation above, they are so enjoyed with their journey. In the middle of their journey, Madeleine says that Wisconsin is a beautiful place. In the first day of their journey they feel so happy and want to see everything in the lakes, all the rivers, all the towns and trees and statues of dead heroes. But when they near with Minneapolis, they have to continue their journey and not waste their hour. We can see the quotation below:

“Hey,” she said, “Wisconsin is really beautiful,” and I was pleased with her approval but who cared: we weren’t staying.We drove north

to Lake Superior, just because it was there, and then we zigzagged intoMinnesota, planned a crazy route or didn’t plan at all, really, for the first day of our drive, when being on the road was a new feeling for us both and we wanted to see everything: all the lakes, all the

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dropped down near Minneapolis and we could not bear to waste another hour (Soderlind 69).

When arrived in Minnesota, they cross Mississippi in lush bucolic idyllic Minnesota, where freckle-faced farm kids ride bikes and catch insect forever before school starts again in the fall and they drive, that summer, counting the colors of wildflowers that they see, and trees. Someday, in hot day they drive so far, they feel that everything around them have changed. Not only that but also they pass sea, the Badlands, North Dakota. We can see the quotation below:

Soon, all the world that had seemed so intense and important for so long was far behind as if it were nothing, and had been nothing all along. It was taken in what seemed like an instant, and only the wonderful earth remained; there weren’t even many cars around as we crossed the Mississippi in lush bucolic idyllic Minnesota, where freckle-faced farm kids ride bikes and catch bugs forever before school starts again in the fall and we drove, that summer, counting the colors of wildflowers we saw, and trees, as they thinned and gave way to brush and then disappeared altogether. In one long, hot day we drove so far that everything around us changed. Conifers parted to a sea of earth, the Badlands, North Dakota, all dirt and blue sky. And it was marvelous (Soderlind 68).

From the quotation above, they pass in utopia in their journey where in

Lori’s imagine utopia is a mountain, rising up steep and angular so far off on the

horizon, and the montaint full of fog, gauze the sky almost like clouds, that Mountain top. They imagine that utopia is very beautiful place, so that they called it by heaven. But after she sees utopia clearly, she awares that is Mount Rainer not Utopia . We can see the quotation below:

I imagined a mountain, rising up steep and angular so far off on the horizon that the snow on its shoulders looked pale white as ghosts, gauzelike against the sky almost like clouds, that mountaintop. Heaven. I imagined seekers of utopia streaming to the mountain like

pilgrims, some walking with shepherd’s crooks, with lambs. I thought

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the pilgrims were actually souls. Then I thought heaven might be the place souls go when bodies die, but enlightened souls could find it while they were still alive: peace on earth, wisdom, joy, bliss. Utopia. If we wanted, we could have all these things and life, too. Imagine.

Actually, this steep, snow-capped vision I had was Mount Rainier, viewed from Seattle. I didn’t realize it at the time, but now that I’ve seen Mount Rainier, I know that this utopia I imagined was something

I’d once seen on a postcard, stuck to a fridge, which my mind

borrowed when it pictured a place where bright souls lived freely, singing Van Morrison songs in harmony on sunny days, sharing food

off each other’s plates. It was a paradise to which I hoped I, too, was

going. Is it possible to cross this country and not believe in such a place, at least for a while?.

From the quotation above, the writer gets idea that in the middle of her way she drops in place near Sturgis sort of on the way to Mount Rushmore, and somewhere in the heat of South Dakota, midday. They share about their

expectation in her journey. Furthermore, they are ceasing in near Sturgis while

Madeleine says that it’s sort of on the way to Mount Rushmore. They pass a field

of sunflowers with their faces turned to the sun, but the field was behind us and there was nothing. Lori feels so happy because she finds something that so amazing. We can see the quotation below:

Madeleine was looking at a road map, this whole conversation having

apparently ended for her miles ago. “Let’s stop near Sturgis,” she said. “It’s sort of on the way to Mount Rushmore. There’s this big biker rally there. “Sure,” I said. And the extended finger that had

stood for Steve curled back with the others.

We passed a field of sunflowers with their faces turned to the sun, but then that field was behind us and there was nothing, once again. I held the steering wheel tightly and ripped down the highway. I was so afraid, just then, of Madeleine. She had become enormous to me, invested with importance she could not have understood. I rolled down my window. The air rushed in like a flood of invisible cotton,

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above the radio and the wind rushing in: “Madeleine, I want to be

free as wild horses, I want to live among the buffalo, I want to let my hair grow to my knees and swim naked in cold rivers. I want to live, to live, to live until I die and nothing can stop me now. I WANT TO BE

FREEEEEEE!”

When they pass of sunflowers, she fells be afraid to Madeleine, because she fells that she is not understand about Madeleine. After that, when she rolled down the window, suddenly the condition change become beautifull, so that she

says that she wants free, it’s meant she can do anything like she wants free.

In the middle of their journey, Madeleine tells that when she arrived in Montana she feels everything make sense and says to Lori that she will get the same feel. Then, Lori got the same feel is better in their journey. The first sign

that she says is “Rapelje” on it has in a small town, Columbus, at an intersection

not far off the big highway. Then they stop at a gas station where they buy eight gallons of gas and two six packs of Rainier beer for the cooler. After that they continue past blocks of cracked sidewalks and old houses with old cars and pickup trucks. We can see the quotation below:

She said, “When I was in Montana, everything just made sense to me. Maybe that will happen to you. Maybe you’ll find yourself there.” I said, “I guess,” but it bothered me that she seemed to think I needed

finding. I thought I’d managed to hide that, by being quiet. I wanted

just to seem world-weary, seeking a long-lost better life. But she knew there was more to it than that, and by knowing, it seemed her power grew.

made myself good and quiet for most of the rest of our ride. The first

sign I saw that said “Rapelje” on it was in a small town, Columbus, at

an intersection not far off the big highway.We stopped at a gas station where we bought eight gallons of gas and two sixpacks of Rainier beer for the cooler, a few postcards of mountains and flowers and some photographs of men and women from the old days, with their blank faces and long-dead eyes.The Rapelje sign was stuck into the dirt on

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the side of the road as if it were no big deal, just some town. The arrow pointed north, so we drove that way, past blocks of cracked sidewalks and old houses with old cars and pickup trucks in their drives.

Based on quotation above when they in Montana Madeleine says that everything can be happen. It means that there is no something imposibble in the world. You will fell it and you will find yourself there. She fells that is disturbed because Madeleine likes know her problems whereas she tries more calm.

In long Lori’s journeys, she does not find anything. As like as there is no

life there. The road dipped and rose. Northern Stillwater County: blank flat

land, five mountain ranges rising like a ring of blue shark’s teeth at the edge of

the world, as far away as eyes could see. In New Jersey Wisconsin, in Rapelje she cannot find anything, it is third or four day of their journey. We can see the quotation below:

I could not recall ever having gone ten miles up a road without seeing any passing thing, not a car, not a person, not even a cow. It seemed

as if it couldn’t be right. There was nothing. The road dipped and

rose. Northern Stillwater County: blank flat land, then five mountain

ranges rising like a ring of blue shark’s teeth at the edge of the world,

as far away as eyes could see.

It was late in the afternoon on our third or fourth day of driving.

After three or four days of their journey, they find Rapalje. They are ceased to look at Rapalje. They see a silo floated in the yellow space ahead, surrounded by unbroken grassland.

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I said. We pulled over to look upon Rapelje. The wind continued even when the car stopped, but no other sound rose. A silo floated in the yellow space ahead, surrounded by unbroken grassland. There it was, a colorless Oz(Soderlind 78).

When they arrive in Rapalje, she feels different thing there. It likes there is no life there. There is no something move accept their car, they see old houses and the gravel scrawl became the main street of Rapelje. There are some houses, abandoned houses scattered about, make of white pine planks, with peeling green or black trim around the windows, and front porches broken down into dirt, empty of people, just rubble of plaster and appliances piled inside the missing front

doors. Even the houses aren’t falling down are empty.

We can see the quotation below to proof the explanation above:

It seemed as if I could blink and be back in New Jersey, asking my father about this unreal place, or sitting in the air-conditioned sports bar with three TVs, just laughing about it over a beer while Madeleine and I sounded out the crazy name: Rapelje. No one ever comes here, I thought, yet there it was; there it had been all this time. We drove closer. The haze cleared at last into small structures, old houses. The gravel scrawl became the main street of Rapelje, where a smaller road crossed it to mark the spot with an X. Our car was the only thing moving anywhere.

I said, “Wow.” We parked off to the side of the road, got out and looked

around. Wind blew with nothing to stop it. There were a few, maybe eight, abandoned houses scattered about, made of white pine planks or shingles, with peeling green or black trim around the windows, and front porches broken down into dirt, empty of people, just a rubble of plaster and appliances piled inside the missing front doors. Even the houses that

weren’t falling down were empty.

There is no one there, just there are eight empathies house old quiet, and dirty. They walk around Rapalje and find the crossroad and look for people every road is dotted with wooden carcasses, empty homes and shops in a cluster.

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Madeleine begins take a picture with say that is wild. Then Lori says that she wants to be squatter and lives in Rapalje use the house without occupant. Heard Lori says that Madeleine remind her that it is not easy, need much money to live there. So, she thinks that most of her life is pure fantasy, it’s different with her live before. We can see the quotation below:

We walked toward them on the crossroad, looking for people.

Madeleine took out her camera and whispered, “This is wild.” She had

to whisper; we both did. The place didn’t seem to want to be roused. We walked. For a long time, nothing moved but us, The road was dotted with wooden carcasses, empty homes and shops in a cluster, trailing off into other structures in various stages of decay. It was evening, quiet anyway, but the place was thoroughly vacant; it was emptier, it seemed to me, for having been something once. I could feel everything that was missing, but I could only see what was there. Fifty yards away, a man emerged from a garage with a horse and walked the horse across the road. Both man and horse disappeared into a horse trailer and Rapelje was still again.

They walk to the crossroad and try to find people while Madeleine take a picture. In along day when they walk, they did not find anyone there, just wooden carcasses, empaty house and store in cluster. They walk until evening. She

imagines fifty years ago there is a man emerged from a garage with a horse and walked the horse across the road then disappear whereas Rapalje still exist.

Probably the taxes unpaid for years, and the bill probably not much anyway. So it was still possible to be a homesteader, after all. Pay off the taxes and take some place over, and the rest of your life is

all up to you. Wouldn’t need much money. I stuck a piece of grass

between my teeth and said to Madeleine, “I think I’m going to just stay here, live in that old house over there, fix it up, and write.” Too expensive,” she answered. “Think of all the money for repairs,

see that floor? Rotten. The electric hook up would need to be redone

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seriously? Good god, most of my life was pure fantasy. I just wanted to live with this idea, at least for the day. Here was what remained of the world my own family had been born out of, so remote from any life I had ever known.

When walking around in Rapalje, they saw Rapalje School empty for summer. They met someone who has blond hair and ruddy-faced he. They talk about Rapalje so much and ask some questions about the town. Then, some

quotations of the woman at the bar squinted and said there isn’t any jail, never.

Most of people do not really care of them and dislike strangers. We can see the quotation below:

Turns out it was neither. We found someone to talk to, a blond and ruddy-faced woman who was uncapping beer bottles in a bar inside a Quonset hut right in the center of Rapelje, where the east-west and north-south roads met. I had come to notice Quonset huts in tiny

towns all along our route, as if people weren’t interested in actually

building at the risk of losing anymore. Quonset huts, I supposed, could be dismantled and moved. This one, with a bar inside and a large open area that looked like the town meeting hall, echoed like a pail any time anything moved. We scraped stools up to the bar and

ordered two Rainiers and asked some questions about the town, about that old concrete thing, for instance: was it from a bank, or a jail? The

woman at the bar squinted and said there wasn’t any jail, never had

been. Another man sat there, ignoring us, which seemed crazy to me, in a place so small. It was not as if this bar was in a place where anyone might stop, normally; it was not as if they ever saw anyone beside themselves or that they could possibly be sick and tired of people coming around to ask questions about Rapelje. Maybe people in very small towns just don’t like strangers. But I was not a stranger; my family made this place.

She begins look for something that can remember about her grandparent. She finds a bar and a bank like her father said. Although it is not as like as before, just leaving quiet, old and finish. They find the place is so dirty and think of

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they are going to Columbus to drink birr, and go to Fishtail, where her (Lori)

father’s brother Paul and his family still live there and they stop for the night: to

first night in Montana.

When they arrived in her aunt’s home, they get good response from Lori’s

aunt and tell a story with hot croissants. She also meets with her cousin, bill, with his girlfriend. Bill works at the Chevron mine down the road. He tells to Lori as she eats, that is, he is come to live in Fishtail after years of wandering. When he is

younger, he took off to try something different. He’d worked for geologists,

searching for oil all over the country. Bill is six years older than Lori. He has wide-open blue eyes and a thin, red, whisker-spotted face and he have a deep voice. They spent their time to share about their expectation, joke and laugh. We can see the quotation below:

My aunt called two of my cousins who lived across the road and told

them I’d arrived, if they cared to come see me. A third cousin lived off

in another corner of the state and I would probably not get to see him

at all. My uncle was in Billings on business so I’d missed him too. But my cousin Bill arrived at the house pretty quickly, with his girlfriend Laurel. They shook my hand, firm and hardy, and they sat at the table and watched Madeleine and me eat. Aunt Jean dished out casserole and fresh corn and asked Bill and Laurel, “Do you want some?’’ but

they said no; they’d eaten hours earlier.

Bill worked at the Chevron mine down the road. He told me as I ate that he had come to live in Fishtail after years of wandering. When he was younger he took off to go try something different. He’d worked for geologists, searching for oil all over the country.

Bill was six years older than me. He had wide-open blue eyes and a thin, red, whisker-spotted face and he had a deep voice that said

things like, “that old geezer’s got a hitcin his gitalong,’’ instead of “the old man limps,’’ but he could turn that off any time, I knew,

because he looked right at me hard sometimes like any minute either one of us was going to burst out laughing at all this bullshit. He was

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He had been into the wild places. He might even have been afraid of

what he’d find if he went, but he went anyway. I said, “What do you do now?” “I work in the mine.” He reached for a croissant and tore a

piece off and chewed it. “Like every other son of a bitch from here to Absarokee, I work in the shit hole mine.” Then he said, “So, cousin, what do you do?” “Well,” I said, “not much. I quit my job.”

After she invites her aunt she leaves Fishtail, she continues her journey switchbacks out of Red Lodge that lead dizzily up to the Bear tooth pass. They pull over to stand in summer snow above the tree line, near the clouds, up as high as the earth grows, where the rocks look like the moon. We can see the quotation below:

Leaving Fishtail, we drove up the switchbacks out of Red Lodge that lead dizzily up to the Beartooth pass. We pulled over to stand in summer snow above the tree line, near the clouds, up as high as the earth grows, where the rocks look like the moon.

She still remembers about bill’s story. That is amazing expectation with

difficulty that he faces. This case makes her to go to camping in Montana without thinking again. She goes to camping alone because Madeleine has something that she has to do. She cannot join with Lori. It is make her so sad and cry. She does not receive her life, why she always alone. We can see the quotation below;

I picked up my pole and waded back into the water. I said, “I want to

go camping.” Silence. I knew I had stumped her. “I thought when we

said we were going to camp in Montana it meant we’d really camp, not just go sleeping in your friend’s yard. I want to camp. Tonight.” That’s when I started crying. Why was I always alone? And why was I always afraid? And why was I always making decisions that led me to

places I couldn’t handle like Livingston, or these mountains, or to life

in general? Where was Madeleine, and oh god, where are you, and where am I, and who will lead me out of this wilderness? I cried in shouts and convulsions, and my mind wandered among all the new

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friends I had left behind; they had such good lives, and such warm

souls, and I wanted to go back to them, but I couldn’t; they weren’t

mine now that Madeleine was gone; I grabbed my heaving sides. I had no one, no one in the world at all.

When Lori arrived in the mountain, she remember bill’s story when he goes

to adventure, that is, alone, she must be sleep in the tent in the mountains, waiting to drift away. She lies as the world grows dark, as dark as any darkness she ever sees. We can see the quotation below;

I arrived panting at my campsite and crawled directly into my tent. In this shelter I was determined to sleep the deep sleep of the wretched and just end this awful day. In that tent in the mountains, waiting to drift away, I lay still as the world grew dark, as dark as any darkness I had ever seen.

When she wakes up in the daylight, she feels nothing more than a dream. Then she packs up her tent, gears and starts her planning. She feels that world full of possibility, because she feels have much money. Because of her condition, she feels not believe with what she does, so that she says, what she really needs Montana? What she wants? Just the questions fill her brain, she wants to with her friend Madeleine. We can see the quotation below:

In the daylight when I woke again, the campsite seemed to have regained its innocence. The whole episode, my whole life even, in that moment, seemed to be nothing more than a dream, vaguely

remembered. I packed up my tent and my gear and started planning. I would begin with breakfast somewhere and then, who knew? I had a world full of possibility, with a car, some money, and no commitments. Maybe I could camp out for a month or two just like Bill had, or I could take a job on the road; I could have tried to find my checkbook, which I discovered much later had been hiding in the cracks of the car seat, and I could have wandered south to Mexico, or I could have started making beeswax candles and selling them out of my own yurt. But then, the wind blew. Really, what did I want? My best friend was

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wanted, not really. I just wanted to be with my friend Madeleine and to be happy. Did I really need Montana for that?

After she finished her camping, she thinks that she wants to back in New Jersey. But, it needs about four weeks. Then, she begins to think what her parent said. She will feel lonely without purpose and aim. But, she opposes that idea by saying that she has an adventure. After some days, she back to Rapalie, the dry earth and not more that. We can see the quotation below;

It took four weeks to get back to New Jersey. I needed to wander just enough to make myself a convincing road warrior, in case anyone at home

might wonder. I felt lonely and aimless, but I wanted to be able to say I’d had adventures and not that I’d just given up. Why not take in the sights? I

left the campsite in the Beartooth still feeling hungover and tired. I would be tired for days and days, but there was plenty of time to recover. I pointed myself right back out toward the flat eastern part of Montana, right straight toward the road that lead east to Rapelje. All around the land was dry and thirsty and aching but no one could ever make it more than that.

In the middle of Lori’s journey, she stops in South Dakota to take a rest in

motel. She really feels lonely without direction. Then, she continuous her journey to go to New Jersey. She thinks that it is better for her to stay in her place herself. See the quotation below:

September. I spent a night in a place of no consequence in centraln

SouthDakota, a little farther east, in a motel with the sounds of roadside sex pressing up against the walls. It was nicer outside: I sat in the painted aluminum rocking chair next to my motel room door; I watched over the parking lot and fields to where porch lights switched on, signals from other

people’s lives. I was lonely and being lonely scared me but I just sat there and felt it because that is how it really was to be there: lonely, without direction, without anything insisting I should be something more, or better, and there was peace in that.

As New Jersey grew nearer and more cars shared the road, I understood better that I had been to a place truly different: a place of less, of light,

where plain earth and sky dominate. Now I was returning, and I didn’t know

Z i s y k i e n | 39

Based on the quotation above, she awares that she have to go to truly different a place of less, of light, where plain earth and sky dominate.

When she arrived in New Jersey, she calls her father and she tells to him that Montana is wild. Then she meets Madeleine, she tells about her journey and she thinks of the motels in South Dakota and Minnesota, and the pool game she shoots with some guy in the North woods who has just let out on parole. How yellow, yellow was the flat state of Indiana, and she takes some pictures. We can see the quotation below:

I phoned my parents: “Well hello,” my father said. “What did you think of Rapelje?” “Dad, it was wild.” “See the old house?” “Burned down, Dad.” “Burned down?” he said. “Wasn’t worth the trip then.” “Not worth the

trip? Oh, it was worth it, Dad,” I said. “It was really wild there.” After about ten days, when my skin had faded back to its ordinary paste and everyone in the house had stopped acting surprised to see me as we crossed

on the stairs, Madeleine called. She said, “Hi. When did you get in?” Like, maybe that you haven’t visited or called.” She said, “And you think this has something to do with you? I have been busy.” Quiet. Was it

possible that Madeleine spent whole days not thinking about me? Why did

she sound like she hadn’t been there, before, with me in Montana? “Hey,” I said, “I just thought you should know how the trip turned out. That’s all.” “Yeah, you’re home so soon. What happened to your adventure?” “Well,” I

said, and I thought of the motels in South Dakota and Minnesota, and the pool game I shot with some guy in the Northwoods who was just let out on

parole and wouldn’t tell me his name or his crime, and how yellow, yellow was the flat state of Indiana. “Well, there was nothing to do, really. I drove

a lot. I took some pictures. You’ll see.”

Based on quotation above, when she was came back to New Jersey, directly she calls her father and tells about her journey. Then, she tells to Madeleine, she get bad response and it seem that she cannot go there. But when

Z i s y k i e n | 40

Lori says that she just wants to tell her story when Lori in Montana, she tells her experience in Montana to Madeleine.

After Lori follows Madeleine to go to Montana, she backs to New Jersey to follow her so that she decides to move to Newark with Madeleine. But after she talks to her parent, they are so angry because it is dangerous city. She thinks that there a new place to explore out in the universe of her life and she must go there, she must do anything and will be better. We can see the quotation below:

“Well, youare sort of following her,” he said and I told him he had it

wrong. I was a cosmic light ray landing here and there and Newark was like the frontier; it was a new planet to explore out in the universe of my life and I could go there, I could do anything.

I told my mother and father I had a new address. They said,

“Newark? Newark? Why would you do that?” How could I explain?

Newark has been called the most dangerous city in the world.

She is not seemed believe that her desire to live with Madeline is will be happened. She feels happy because she can spend her time a long day with her and able to closer with her.

When I moved in, we decided to redecorate. We thought we’d like to

make our place a home. But, what did that mean? Food cooking all the time and babies growing into happy children and paying the bills and planning vacation? A place with cool pictures on the walls and shelves full of stuff easily broken by children? A space shared by consent? Could Madeleine and I have a home just by living in that

place, together? I felt nervous about it. I wasn’t sure what to do. How

could we make a home together and still just be roommates? I had tried to learn not to want what I could not have but now I had what I

wanted, didn’t I? This place seemed almost like what I’d dreamed, or

Z i s y k i e n | 41

Lori is so happy because she moves in New York and lives with Madeleine. It likes a dream for her, she can live with Madeleine and become roommates. She fells not believe with it. She got what she wants.

Why was every door in Newark solid metal? Why not have a screen door like on the front porches in the Great Plains? What kept people from good lives? They simply lacked imagination.

Madeleine and I had an arrangement. When I left work each night

around eleven, I’d drive home in time to take her down the street to

the 11:42 Manhattan-bound train so that she could begin her

overnight shift; at 8:27 the next morning, a train would bring her back again.

From the quotation above, we can see that Lori just decide move to New York even her parent not give her permission. She does not care about it, she chooses to go to New York and stay with Madeleine. So that they arrangement Since Lori live with Madeleine, they have arrangement when Lori go home from her work at 11:42 so Madeleine can begin her works at 8:27.

When a war is start, Lori was picking up Madeleine, she looks so tired, she still thinks about Montana. So that, it makes her almost dazed, she shows her picture to Lori. The picture likes Montana in winter, but there is no one, no lover,

no parent, no soldier, no IRS lawyer, no nuclear bomb—no pain. Lori look at the

picture, it is like so far and strange.

I felt impossible and wrong. I picked Madeleine up at the train after the war started; she had worked a long double shift, she was tired, and she had been thinking of Montana. She was almost in a daze. She showed me a picture that had moved across the wire: a mountain view from somewhere. It looked like Montana in winter, a snow-packed hush so far away that maybe no one—no friend, no parent, no lover,

Z i s y k i e n | 42

be there and be happy. I gazed starry at the photo. It looked so remote

and strange. Somewhere out there, Madeleine’s friends were making

fires in their wood stoves and watching the northern lights.

She feels so tired with her lives, so they are thinking about Montana and decide to move and live there. She able to be herself, She can do everything what she wants, and feels free.

I tried not to. But I thought: “Montana, Montana! I’m saved!” Oh!

Montana is an unpicked flower, the ache in my heart the size of the deepest canyon and my longing echoes there, hangs in the air like a cloud in the big sky, drifting wind stretched toward an end of the earth I cannot see, an end I cannot even see! I long for this place, where I can be who I am, where I can be whoever I want to be, where I can be

free. Of course I would go. Let’s go! Let’s go! Our life together isn’t over, it’s just beginning and we’re saved.

When they decide to go to Montana, they have read a book about

Montana. They prepare all the things that they need. Such as: fishing rod and iron device. This case because they know that life in Montana is different from the place that they live.

It was while I was preparing to move to Montana that I learned what gaiters are and so I bought some; Madeleine already had hers. I bought lined all-weather boots that I could wear with the gaiters in the chest-high snow. To go to Montana, we would need things, and collecting these things made us feel closer to going. A collapsible fishing pole. Power tools. I didn’t want to wait to buy them; it was easier to shop for supplies in the East, where there was too much of everything, including shopping malls. In Montana life was different.

From the quotation above, Lori is more ready to go to Montana because it is her journey for second times. So, she knows what she needs when she goes to there. Not only that, she was bought a book about Montana and read the books.

There was no Ben and Jerry’s ice cream in Montana then, wasn’t even a McDonald’s in Bozeman, and there was certainly nothing like the

z i s y k i e n| 48

CHAPTER IV CONCLUSION

After presenting the result of analysis in the previous chapter finally, the

conclusion is taken in this part. The conclusion is drawn based on research

questions.

Lori is a girl who lives in New Jersey with her parents and her brother. She

was born in the last of baby boomer. She feels disappointed because her life is not

like the other people that can do anything like their want. Also, Lori as like as a

child who wants to say a freedom and it is so difficult. In twenty four years old

she works in newspaper Elizabeth in New Jersey. She hopes find something better

than before. Finally she meets Madeleine and they are become partner and

become a good friend. Ever since they are often together, sharing each other about

a story and finally Madeleine opens his mind to tell about her journey to go to

Montana. Actually she ever hears about Montana from her father, but it is not

really make her to interest. It is different from what Madeleine said about

Montana. It makes her so curious, although she was knew about Montana is a

place was deserted and dull, nice to look at, in a way and there is no something

that convince to people to stay live there. Lori stay to listen what Madeleine said

about Montana. She will stay to go there because she has conviction if Montana is

a beautiful and comfortable place.

Someday, Lori really decides to go to Montana and leave all of in New

z i s y k i e n| 49

and hopes when she go there, she finds something more better than before. So, she

begins her journey so far with Madeleine, when she arrived in Montana she feels

different with New Jersey. The sky so bright, place so wide, not just it they also

past sea, Badlands, North Dakota, Mount Rushmore and so on, it’s as one with

natural. She feels so happy there because she can became herself and can do

anything like she wants. Even, finally she feels disappointed when Madeleine

decides to New Jersey because she still has something that she has to do. So, she

camping alone, so she getting lonely and sadly. Then, it makes her to think what

purpose of her life actually? What is really making her happy to go to Montana or

she happier can together with Madeleine? She still confused. So that she decides

to back to New Jersey traveled about four day. Lori calls her father and share

about her story in Montana, and she also shares to Madeleine her story about

Montana.

When Lori decides back to New Jersey. She wants to do her duty likes

before. But after she was stay in New Jersey, she wants move to New York with

Madeleine although her parent not give her permission because the place so

dangerous she decide move to New York, she things if she move in new place

she can begin her new life more better. Finally she moves to New York happily,

because her dream can live with Madeleine happened.

As long as they are living together, they are so happy but they are not

really forget about Montana. They still remember about Montana and really miss

the place. So that, one day they intend to go to there and live there anymore. The

z i s y k i e n| 50

to Montana magazine. Then, after her article came out, many critical from the

readers even there is a letter for her because of their disagreement. Finally she

wants to make a new article about it and she decides to invite one of them to know

the reason or the story about her journey to go to Montana. So, from it she can

collect much information for the reader. After she have done she back to motel,

she feels so tired because in long her trip she still do not get the answer. She tries

to close her eyes and calm herself.

From the result of the data, the writer finds that Lori Soderlind’s

characterization based on analysis character and psychoanalysis theory are Lori is

a religious woman, an ambitious woman, a friendly woman and an independent

woman. Besides that, Lori is depicted as a hard worker, strong woman.

In psychoanalysis theory; id, ego and superego, the result of them are: first, Id; Id of Lori’s character is desire to get freedom, satisfying herself and her curiosity. It is caused of her life, which is, she wants to avoid her disappointed in

her life. Second, Ego; that is she desires to go to Montana with her friend,

Madeleine. So that, she prefer resigns to her job to go to Montana. Third,

superego; when she camping and aware that what she does is stupid think and

understand that happiness is grow up from ourselves.

From this research, the writer concludes that buffetings of Lori is useless

because most of people have read her article about Montana feel disappointed. It

is caused of them who ever go there and they are not feeling like Lori said. But, in

fact, Montana is an idea of a place. Not exist anymore. Montana is a dusty,

z i s y k i e n| 51

something different for her, she can do anything what she wants, freely. For her,

Montana is a beautiful place because she gathers with her friend, Madeleine and

someone that she loves. At last, she thinks that she finds nothing and nothing is

Zisykien 53

REFERENCES

Bennett Andrew and Nicholas Royle, literature criticism and theory

Third edition. 2004.

Barry Peter. Beginning theory, an introduction to literary and cultural theory

Second edition. 1995, 2002.

Blackwell, T. Eagleton, Literary Theory. An introduction. Second Edition. 1996.

Blackwell.

Holman, C Hugh. A handbook to literature fifth edition. 1986. The United States of America.

Macmillan publishing company, a division of Macmillan, Inc.

Lori Soderlind, Chasing Montana, 2006, the university of Wiscosin press.

Feist, Jest and Feist, J Gregory. Theories of personality sixth edition. 2006.

M cGraw-hill

M. Ryckman Richard, Theories of personality Tenth edition. 2013.2008 Wadsworth, Cengage

Learning

Nye Robert D. Three psychologies 6 edition. 2000.

Oxford. Learner’s pocket dictionary fouth edition.2008

Tyson, Lois. Critical Theory Today; a User-Friendly Guide, Second Edition. Taylor & Francis

Group: New York, 2006.

digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id digilib.uinsby.ac.id

Zisykien 54

Thesis ;

Febri Indah Sari, A Main Character Analysis Of My Sister’s Keeper Movie Using Hierarchy Of

Human Needa Of Abraham H. Maslow’s Theory. English Letter And Humanities State Islamic University Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta.

Web;

www.quora.com/what-is-the-difference-between-a-jurnalist-and-a-reporter

http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/baby-boom?q=+baby+boom