Analisa dan Perencanaan Balok Tinggi dengan Variasi Perletakan Menggunakan Metode Strut and Tie
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
Hardjasaputra, Harianto. Steffie Tumilar. Model Penunjang dan Pengikat (Strutand-Tie Model) Pada Perancangan Struktur Beton. Universitas Pelita
Harapan: Jakarta. Juli, 2002
G.Nawy, Edward. Beton Bertulang-Suatu Pendekatan Dasar. PT Rafika Aditama;
Bandung. November 2008
L.Schodek, Daniel. Struktur. PT Rafika Aditama; Bandung. 1998.
Marlon Marpaung. Johannes Tarigan. Jurnal: Analisa Balok Tinggi Berlubang
Dengan Metode Strut And Tie. Jurnal Teknik Sipil F.T USU.
Liang-Jenq Leu, Chang-Wei Huang, Chuin-Shan Chen, M.ASCE and Ying-Po
Liao. Journal: Strut-and-Tie Design Methodology for Three-Dimensional
Reinforced Concrete Structures. Journal of Structural Engineering ASCE,
June 2006.
Tavio. F. Hartoyo. Jurnal : Deflection Prediction Using Strut-And-Tie Model with
An Effective Cross-Sectional Area Approach. Jurnal Teknik Sipil FT ITS,
Mei 2012.
ACI Building Code 318-2002 “Building Code Requirements for Structural
Concrete (ACI 318-02) and Commentary (318R-02)”, American Concrete
Institute, Farmington Hills, Mich., 2005, 430 pp.
Vis, W.C. Dasar-Dasar Perencanaan Beton Bertulang. Erlangga. Jakarta:1997.
B. Singh, S.K. Kaushik, K.F. Naveen and S. Sharma.Journal: Design of a
Continous Deep Beam Using The Strut and Tie Method. Asian Journal of
114
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Civil Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering, I.I.T. Roorkee,
Roorkee-247 677, India. 2006.
Wight, James K. Gustavo J. Parra-Montesinos. Journal : Strut and Tie Model for
Deep Beam Design (A Practical Exercise using Appendix A of the 2002
ACI Building Code). Mei, 2003.
Mc. Cormac, Jack. C. Desain Beton Bertulang, Edisi 5 Jilid 1. Erlangga. Jakarta :
2003.
Mc. Cormac, Jack. C. Desain Beton Bertulang, Edisi 5 Jilid 2. Erlangga. Jakarta :
2003.
H.Nilson, Arthur. David Darwin. Charles W.Dolan. Design of Concrete Structures
13th edition.Mc. Graw Hill. Singapore : 2003.
115
Universitas Sumatera Utara
LAMPIRAN
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Tabel Faktor Reduksi Kekuatan berdasarkan peraturan ACI.
Strength Condition
Strength Reduction Factor (ɸ)
Tension-controlled sections
0.90
Compression-controlled sections
Member with spiral reinforcement
0.70
Other reinforced members
0.65
Shear and torsion
0.75
Bearing on concrete
0.65
Post-tensioned anchorage zones
0.85
Strut-and-tie models
0.75
Sumber: Design of Concrete Structure oleh Arthur H.Nilson, David Darwin dan Charles W.
Dolan.
Tabel Nilai �� untuk kuat nodal.
��
Nodal Zone Condition
Classification
Bounded by strut or bearing area
C-C-C
1.0
Anchoring one tie
C-C-T
0.8
Anchoring two or more ties
C-T-T or T-T-T
0.6
Sumber: Design of Concrete Structure oleh Arthur H.Nilson, David Darwin dan Charles W.
Dolan.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Tabel tulangan standar ASTM.
Bar size, no.
Nominal diameter,
Nominal area,
Nominal weight,
in.
in.2
lb/ft
3
0.375
0.11
0.376
4
0.500
0.20
0.668
5
0.625
0.31
1.043
6
0.750
0.44
1.502
7
0.875
0.60
2.044
8
1.000
0.79
2.670
9
1.128
1.00
3.400
10
1.270
1.27
4.303
11
1.410
1.56
5.313
14
1.693
2.25
7.650
18
2.257
4.00
13.600
Tabel Panjang tulangan ld tarik yang disederhanakan dalam diameter tulangan ld/db untuk
tulangan tanpa lapisan dan beton normal.
No. 6 (No. 19) and Smallera
No. 7 (No. 22) and Larger
f’c psi
f’c psi
fy ksi
4000
5000
6000
4000
5000
6000
Spacing, cover and
40
25
23
21
32
28
26
ties as per Case a
50
32
28
26
40
35
32
or b
60
38
34
31
47
42
39
40
38
34
31
47
42
39
50
47
42
39
59
53
48
60
57
51
46
71
64
58
Spacing, cover and
40
33
29
27
41
37
34
ties as per Case a
50
41
37
34
51
46
42
(1) Bottom Bars
Other cases
(2) Top Bars
Universitas Sumatera Utara
or b
Other cases
60
49
44
40
62
55
50
40
49
44
40
62
55
50
50
62
55
50
77
69
63
60
74
66
60
92
83
76
Case a: Clear Spacing of bars being develop or spliced ≥ db, clear cover ≥ db and stirrups or
ties throughout ld not less than the Code minimum.
Case b: Clear spacing of bars being develop or spliced ≥ 2 db, and clear cover not less than db
a
ACI Committee 408 recommends that the values indicated for bar sizes No. 7 (No.22) and
larger be used for all bar sizes.
Sumber: Design of Concrete Structure oleh Arthur H.Nilson, David Darwin dan Charles W.
Dolan.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Hardjasaputra, Harianto. Steffie Tumilar. Model Penunjang dan Pengikat (Strutand-Tie Model) Pada Perancangan Struktur Beton. Universitas Pelita
Harapan: Jakarta. Juli, 2002
G.Nawy, Edward. Beton Bertulang-Suatu Pendekatan Dasar. PT Rafika Aditama;
Bandung. November 2008
L.Schodek, Daniel. Struktur. PT Rafika Aditama; Bandung. 1998.
Marlon Marpaung. Johannes Tarigan. Jurnal: Analisa Balok Tinggi Berlubang
Dengan Metode Strut And Tie. Jurnal Teknik Sipil F.T USU.
Liang-Jenq Leu, Chang-Wei Huang, Chuin-Shan Chen, M.ASCE and Ying-Po
Liao. Journal: Strut-and-Tie Design Methodology for Three-Dimensional
Reinforced Concrete Structures. Journal of Structural Engineering ASCE,
June 2006.
Tavio. F. Hartoyo. Jurnal : Deflection Prediction Using Strut-And-Tie Model with
An Effective Cross-Sectional Area Approach. Jurnal Teknik Sipil FT ITS,
Mei 2012.
ACI Building Code 318-2002 “Building Code Requirements for Structural
Concrete (ACI 318-02) and Commentary (318R-02)”, American Concrete
Institute, Farmington Hills, Mich., 2005, 430 pp.
Vis, W.C. Dasar-Dasar Perencanaan Beton Bertulang. Erlangga. Jakarta:1997.
B. Singh, S.K. Kaushik, K.F. Naveen and S. Sharma.Journal: Design of a
Continous Deep Beam Using The Strut and Tie Method. Asian Journal of
114
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Civil Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering, I.I.T. Roorkee,
Roorkee-247 677, India. 2006.
Wight, James K. Gustavo J. Parra-Montesinos. Journal : Strut and Tie Model for
Deep Beam Design (A Practical Exercise using Appendix A of the 2002
ACI Building Code). Mei, 2003.
Mc. Cormac, Jack. C. Desain Beton Bertulang, Edisi 5 Jilid 1. Erlangga. Jakarta :
2003.
Mc. Cormac, Jack. C. Desain Beton Bertulang, Edisi 5 Jilid 2. Erlangga. Jakarta :
2003.
H.Nilson, Arthur. David Darwin. Charles W.Dolan. Design of Concrete Structures
13th edition.Mc. Graw Hill. Singapore : 2003.
115
Universitas Sumatera Utara
LAMPIRAN
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Tabel Faktor Reduksi Kekuatan berdasarkan peraturan ACI.
Strength Condition
Strength Reduction Factor (ɸ)
Tension-controlled sections
0.90
Compression-controlled sections
Member with spiral reinforcement
0.70
Other reinforced members
0.65
Shear and torsion
0.75
Bearing on concrete
0.65
Post-tensioned anchorage zones
0.85
Strut-and-tie models
0.75
Sumber: Design of Concrete Structure oleh Arthur H.Nilson, David Darwin dan Charles W.
Dolan.
Tabel Nilai �� untuk kuat nodal.
��
Nodal Zone Condition
Classification
Bounded by strut or bearing area
C-C-C
1.0
Anchoring one tie
C-C-T
0.8
Anchoring two or more ties
C-T-T or T-T-T
0.6
Sumber: Design of Concrete Structure oleh Arthur H.Nilson, David Darwin dan Charles W.
Dolan.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Tabel tulangan standar ASTM.
Bar size, no.
Nominal diameter,
Nominal area,
Nominal weight,
in.
in.2
lb/ft
3
0.375
0.11
0.376
4
0.500
0.20
0.668
5
0.625
0.31
1.043
6
0.750
0.44
1.502
7
0.875
0.60
2.044
8
1.000
0.79
2.670
9
1.128
1.00
3.400
10
1.270
1.27
4.303
11
1.410
1.56
5.313
14
1.693
2.25
7.650
18
2.257
4.00
13.600
Tabel Panjang tulangan ld tarik yang disederhanakan dalam diameter tulangan ld/db untuk
tulangan tanpa lapisan dan beton normal.
No. 6 (No. 19) and Smallera
No. 7 (No. 22) and Larger
f’c psi
f’c psi
fy ksi
4000
5000
6000
4000
5000
6000
Spacing, cover and
40
25
23
21
32
28
26
ties as per Case a
50
32
28
26
40
35
32
or b
60
38
34
31
47
42
39
40
38
34
31
47
42
39
50
47
42
39
59
53
48
60
57
51
46
71
64
58
Spacing, cover and
40
33
29
27
41
37
34
ties as per Case a
50
41
37
34
51
46
42
(1) Bottom Bars
Other cases
(2) Top Bars
Universitas Sumatera Utara
or b
Other cases
60
49
44
40
62
55
50
40
49
44
40
62
55
50
50
62
55
50
77
69
63
60
74
66
60
92
83
76
Case a: Clear Spacing of bars being develop or spliced ≥ db, clear cover ≥ db and stirrups or
ties throughout ld not less than the Code minimum.
Case b: Clear spacing of bars being develop or spliced ≥ 2 db, and clear cover not less than db
a
ACI Committee 408 recommends that the values indicated for bar sizes No. 7 (No.22) and
larger be used for all bar sizes.
Sumber: Design of Concrete Structure oleh Arthur H.Nilson, David Darwin dan Charles W.
Dolan.
Universitas Sumatera Utara