Module 7 – Buying and Selling

  The Indonesian Way Module 7 – Buying and Selling

  George Quinn & Uli Kozok

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  “The Indonesian Way” by George Quinn and Uli Kozok is licensed under a Creative Commons “Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)” license. Under the license you are free to: ● Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format ● Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material Under the following terms:

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  Date of Last Revision: 13 February 2015

  The development of “The Indonesian Way” was sponsored by grant P017A090375-10 from the US Department of Education, International Research and Studies Program. The development of the print version was made possible by a grant received from the University of Tasmania.

  Module 7 Buying and Selling

  The basic aim of Module 7 is to provide you with the vocabulary, grammatical resources and model sentences that will enable you to go shopping and conduct business. Emphasis is on shopping for clothes, but you will also learn how to buy and sell real estate.

  There is further study of the passive forms of verbs, with emphasis on the so-called “class II” passives involving first person and second person agents. You will learn the terms for various ba- sic items of clothing and get more practice with the nominalising function of yang. There is a com- plete (simplified) short story by Indonesian author Mochtar Lubis, and you will consolidate your knowledge of Indonesian houses, including the form of a traditional Javanese house.

  In the culminating role play you will take part in a sales pitch in which a real estate agent tries to sell a house to a prospective customer.

  Pakaian Barat dan Pakaian Indonesia Aims • To introduce the main terms for items of clothing.

  Here are some of the frequent words used in this lesson that have ap- peared in previous lessons. Make sure that you remember their meanings. baju shirt, clothes murah cheap berwarna be coloured... musim season buah fruit olahraga sport dipakai be worn, used panjang long harga price pesta fest, party ingin desire, wish, want pakaian shirt, clothes katanya people say sepatu shoes mencari to look for, seek toko a shop

  “What Kind Of…?”

  There are three main ways you can ask the question “What kind of…?” in Indonesian. In the first place you can simply place apa (what) behind the noun you are asking about.

  Mobil itu mobil apa?

  What kind of car is that?

  Bapak suka buah apa?

  What kind of fruit do you like, Sir?

  You practised this use of apa in Lesson 28 (Module 2). Go back that lesson and review the ma- terial there. You can also use the phrase seperti apa or the slightly more colloquial macam apa (what kind/sort), placing it after the noun you are asking about.

  Untuk Anda, olahraga seperti apa yang paling menyenangkan?

  For you, what kind of sport is the most enjoyable?

  Anda mencari pakaian macam apa? Pakaian musim panas atau musim dingin?

  What kind of clothes are you looking for? Summer clothes or winter? Anak-anak Berpakaian Barat © Eric La fforgue

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Vocabulary Review

  and macam apa, this phrase also appears after the noun you are asking about.

  Masakan yang bagaimana yang dijual di warung ini?

  What kind of food is sold in this eatery?

  Anda paling suka pakaian yang bagaimana?

  What kind of clothes do you like best?

  In the exercises that follow in this lesson there will be some practice with macam apa, seperti apa and yang bagaimana.

How to Shop for Clothes: The Basics A conversation in the clothing section of a department store might go something like this

  Listen to Sound File 088-01 carefully and try to memorise the dialogue as good as you can. You may also read the transcription if this helps you to memorise the dialogue better. Then cover the transcription, and try to perform the dialogue without any help. If you get stuck, look at the terjemahan (translation). Look at the transcription only as a last resort. You should be able to perform the dialogue without looking at the Indonesian text at all.

  Penjual Pembeli Selamat pagi. Cari apa, Bu? Saya mencari kemeja untuk suami saya.

  Apakah ada yang ukuran besar?

  Bu Bu Gah Nurida Ada. Kemeja ini bagus sekali, buatan luar Saya cari yang biru.

  negeri. Ibu mau warna apa? O maaf yang biru habis. Itu, apa itu yang di sana? Di mana? O... di sana. Itu blus. Coba lihat blusnya. Ada warna apa saja? Warnanya merah dan kuning. Hmmm, lumayan juga blus-blus itu.

  Memang. Ibu mau blus yang Saya paling suka blus lengan panjang. bagaimana? Dan Ibu suka warna apa? Saya paling suka warna kuning.

  Nah, ini. Blus kuning yang cocok untuk Memang, cocok sekali. Saya minta dua. Ibu.

  Terjemahan

  Penjual Pembeli Good morning, madam. What are you I’m looking for a shirt for my husband. looking for? Do you have a large one?

  Bu Bu Gah Yes, we do. This is a really nice shirt I am looking for a blue one.

  Nurida

  made overseas. What colour do you want? Sorry, we’re out of the blue ones. What’s that? Over there. Where? Oh, over there. Those are Let me see. What colours are the blouses. blouses?

  They are red and yellow. Hmmm, those blouses are not bad. You’re right. What style of blouse do you want?

  I really like long sleeve blouses. And what colour do you like? My favourite colour is yellow. Well, here we are. A yellow blouse that is just right for you.

  You’re right, it’s really perfect. I’ll take two. Check your understanding of this dialogue by doing Latihan 2–3. When you encounter any di

  ffi- cult word, consult the vocabulary list or the translation.

  Substitution Tables

  The dialogue can be fleshed out and varied using the following substitution tables. Practise generating a variety of questions and answers from the tables, if possible with a partner. Where you can, and where you are confident that you are correct, add more items to the columns in the tables. As you say each sentence, always try to imagine an actual situation in which you might use it.

  

  Nyonya Ibu mencari apa? Bapak Tuan merah. celana dalam berwarna putih. baju tidur -------------- -------------- kaus murah.

  Saya sepatu yang bagus. Kami mencari jas hujan besar. jaket -------------- -------------- sapu tangan dibuat di Indonesia. kemeja buatan luar negeri.

  ‚

  kuning celana dalam berwarna hitam baju tidur ----------------------------- kaus murah

  (Apakah) Ada sepatu yang bagus ? jas hujan besar jaket ----------------------------- sapu tangan dibuat di Indonesia kemeja buatan luar negeri celana dalam baju tidur kaus

  Ada. Ada juga sepatu jas hujan yang ...................... jaket sapu tangan kemeja celana dalam baju tidur kaus

  Maaf, tidak ada. Tetapi ada sepatu jas hujan yang ................... jaket sapu tangan kemeja

  ƒ

  Ini apa? Itu baju hangat.

  Itu kemeja batik. Ini celana pendek. rok hitam.

  „

  topi baju sepatu

  Apa warna kemeja ini blus itu ? rok celana

  Warnanya hitam / merah / putih / kuning / biru / hijau

  …

  Bapak dasi Tuan rok macam apa ? Ibu mau sepatu yang bagaimana? Nyonya kaus celana biru. besar. rok murah. mau dasi batik. Saya paling suka blus yang kuning. mencari celana untuk pesta.

• sepatu itu. kaus seperti ini.

  yang di sana.

  †

  Bapak Ibu suka warna apa? Nyonya hitam. biru. putih. Saya suka warna hijau. coklat. biru. merah.

  ‡

  Baju Anda. Sepatu saya. Kemeja ini cocok (sekali) untuk Ibu. Blus Bapak. Topi Nyonya. Celana satu.

  Memang, cocok sekali. Saya minta dua. tiga.

  Cara Indonesia: Clothes

  Indonesia is a status society and status is to a large extent reflected in the clothes and accessories a person wears. It is therefore not surprising that Indonesians put a lot of emphasis on what they wear. Especially at o

  fficial events such as celebrations and festivities, visiting an o ffice, but also at more familiar events such as attending a party or visiting friends and family, Indonesians will always try to dress as good as they can, and it is considered o

  ffensive to wear shabby clothes, slippers (flip-flops), a t-shirt, or shorts at any even slightly o fficial event.

  Latihan 88-01

  Look back at the transcription of the above dialogue. Taking it as your beginning point, and drawing on the substitution tables, rewrite the dialogue so that it is similar in form but completely di

  fferent in content. Make some changes in the order of components, and completely change the actors, merchandise, colours and other “content” components of the dialogue.

Latihan 88-02

  You have just been on a shopping spree in Toko Matahari, a clothing store in Jalan Siliwangi, Kupang. Fill out the sales docket in Indonesian. In the left-hand column write the quantity (ba- merchandise (nama barang) you bought, to the right of this write the price per unit (harga satuan) of each item (inserting a realistic price in Indonesian rupiah), and in the right-hand column write the totals (jumlah). Don’t forget that when you write numbers in Indonesian you put a dot, not a comma, to mark o

  ff every group of three digits (the thousands). So, for example, to write lima pu-

  luh lima ribu rupiah in figures you write Rp. 55.000.

  Latihan 88-03

  In this exercise you will find a series of answers. Write an appropriate question to go with each answer. The question should ask “what kind of” using apa, macam apa, seperti apa or yang ba-

  gaimana

  . Before you start the exercise review substitution tables, specifically on Number 5 and Number 6, and study the example below. Note that there are many possible correct questions that may go with each answer.

  Example:

  Pertanyaan: You write Bapak suka kemeja yang bagaimana? Jawaban: Saya suka kemeja buatan Italia.

  2. Saya mau ukuran sedang.

  3. Saya paling suka yang kuning.

  4. Saya ingin yang untuk musim dingin.

  5. Saya mencari yang murah saja. Ada?

  6. Hmmm, katanya batik Solo yang paling bagus. Ada batik Danar Hadi? 7. Yang berwarna merah.

  8. Yang seperti itu… yang di sana.

  9. Wah! Saya tidak tahu! Apakah saya boleh melihat semua? 10. Saya mencari yang bisa dipakai ke pesta.

Latihan 88-04

  Here is the laundry list from the Hotel Marcopolo in the Cikini area of central Jakarta. The names of garments are given in English and Indonesian. Some of the English terms have been erased. Write the appropriate English term in the blank space beside its Indonesian equivalent. Note that the Indonesian spelling is not al- ways correct.

  Latihan 1 Jodohkanlah kata di kolom kiri dengan ter- jemahan di kolom kanan.

  berwarna to look for mencari inexpensive murah to want to ... panjang ____ coloured dipakai long ingin to be used katanya fruit buah store pesta party toko people say pakaian size ukuran clothes

  Latihan 2—Pemahaman

Read the above conversation between the shop assistant (pelayan toko) and Ibu Dewi.

  Answer the following questions.

  1. Ibu Dewi sedang ada di mana?

  A. di toko buku

  B. di toko pakaian

  C. di rumah makan

  D. di rumah

  2. Apakah toko itu punya kemeja yang dicari oleh Ibu Dewi? A. Iya, toko itu punya kemeja yang dicari oleh Ibu Dewi.

  B. Tidak, toko itu tidak punya kemeja yang dicari oleh Ibu Dewi.

  3. Ibu Dewi sangat suka warna apa?

  A. Biru

  B. Kuning

  C. Merah

  4. Akhirnya Ibu Dewi membeli apa?

  A. Kemeja

  B. Blus lengan panjang

  C. Blus lengan pendek

  5. Apakah Ibu Dewi sudah kawin?

  A. Sudah

  B. Belum

  6. Apakah Ibu Dewi suka pada blus-blus di toko itu? A. Tidak, dia tidak suka.

  B. Dia tidak begitu suka.

  C. Dia cukup suka.

  Latihan 3—Isian Lengkapi teks berikut dengan memilih kata yang tepat: apa—bagaimana—buatan—cari—

  cocok—kemeja—kuning—lengan—lumayan—minta—paling—saja—suami—warna—yang Selamat pagi. Cari __________, Bu? Saya mencari kemeja untuk __________ saya. Apakah ada yang ukuran besar? Ada. __________ ini bagus sekali, __________ luar negeri. Ibu mau warna apa Saya __________ yang biru.

  O maaf __________ biru habis.

  Itu, apa itu yang di sana? Di mana? O... di sana. Itu blus.

  Coba lihat blusnya. Ada warna apa __________? Warnanya merah dan __________.

  Hmmm, __________ juga blus-blus itu. Memang. Ibu mau blus yang __________? Saya paling suka blus __________ panjang.

  Dan Ibu suka __________ apa? Saya __________ suka warna kuning.

  Nah, ini. Blus kuning yang __________ untuk Ibu. Memang, cocok sekali. Saya __________ dua.

  Latihan 4—Menyimak Listen to Sound File 088-02. You will hear seven questions. For each of the seven questions, an answer is provided in the right column of the following table. Write the

order of the answers as they appear in the sound file into the left column.

  a. Saya mau yang berwarna biru.

  b. Saya suka kemeja buatan Italia.

  c. Apa ada kaus yang warna hijau? d. Ada. Di sini memang khusus menjual pakaian batik.

  e. Saya suka blus lengan panjang.

  f. O ada. Kami menjual bermacam-macam baju tidur.

  g. Tidak ada. Yang ada ukuran kecil.

  Latihan 5—Menjodohkan Jodohkanlah kata di kolom kiri dengan artinya di kolom kanan.

  celana pendek hat, cap baju blouse cucian skirt baju hangat underpants jaket shorts kemeja sweater kaus t-shirt, undershirt blus pants, trousers topi shoes celana clothes (in general) rok coat celana dalam pajamas sepatu laundry baju tidur shirt

  Latihan 6—Rangkai Kata Urutkan kata-kata di bawah ini menjadi kalimat yang baik sesuai arti di bawah ini:

  1. “People say, Batik from Solo is the best.” Katanya—paling—batik Solo—yang—bagus. 2. “Do you have large size?”

  Apakah—yang—ukuran—ada—besar? 3. “Let me see the blouse. What colour do you have?”

  Coba—Ada—warna—blusnya.—lihat—apa—saja? 4. “I like long-sleeved blouses the most.” Saya—lengan—blus—paling—suka—panjang.

  5. “What kind of clothes do you like best?” Anda—suka—yang—paling—pakaian—bagaimana?

  6. “What colour do you want?” Anda—mau—warna—apa? Aims

• To introduce vocabulary related to clothing
• The noun forming prefixes pe- and peN-

  Vocabulary Review

  Here are some of the frequent words used in this lesson that have appeared in previous les- sons. Make sure that you remember their meanings. dasi necktie nggak no, not (coll.) hampir almost pakai with, by harus have to, must rasa feel, think jangan don’t sampai to arrive, arrived kok you know! (showing dis- lho what! (exclamation showing agreement) surprise) kurang less, not enough sepatu a shoe, shoes segala great, cool (coll.) sip and all, the whole shabang mandi to have a bath termasuk to be included memang indeed wah! exclamation of surprise

  Pak Bei

  As the speaker (pembicara ) of an (unspecified) event, Pak Bei dresses up wearing a white shirt

  (baju putih) with a neck tie (dasi), a formal suit jacket (jas), and the national headdress known as

  peci or kopiah

  made popular by Indonesia’s first president Sukarno. The peci is worn at formal situations such as wedding feasts, funerals or festive occasions such as the Muslim Eid ul-Fitr and Eid al-Adha. As the peci is, in combination with a sarong (sarung) worn by male mosque go- ers, it is often associated with Islam, but in fact it is also worn by many Christians.

  The plot of this cartoon is simple. Pak Bei dresses up for an event where he is the speaker. He confirms with his wife that they have nothing forgotten. They have the driver license and the regis- tration paper for the motor bike with them, and they are wearing a helmet. These three items are prescribed by the Indonesian police. He also confirms with his wife that he is properly dressed. He wears a tie, a suit jacket, and formal shoes. But somehow he has the feeling that he has for- gotten something. sibility of losing face —something Indonesians will do anything to avoid. The concept of losing face is circumscribed with the term malu, which also means “embarrassed” and “ashamed”.

  Pak Bei Menjadi Pembicara

  Pak Bei Bu Bei Aku mandi dulu sementara kau siap-si- ap, Bu.

  Ya, jangan lama-lama agar nggak telat. Lho, pakai dasi toh?

  Iya! Resmi kok! Wah! Pakai jas segala?

  Harus. Aku ini kan termasuk pembicara nanti. SIM sudah. STNK sudah. Helm sudah. Sip. Dasi sudah. Jas sudah. Sepatu juga su- dah.

  Hampir sampai. Diingat-ingat, siapa tahu ada yang kelupaan. Memang. Rasanya kok ada yang masih kurang. Apa, ya, Bu?

  Terjemahan

  Pak Bei Bu Bei I will take a shower while you prepare. Yes, keep it short, so we won’t be late.

  What, you are wearing a tie? Sure, it’s a formal (event)

  Wow, suit jacket and everything? Sure, I’m one of the speakers, you know.

  Got the driver license. Got the registra- tion papers. And the helmet. Got a neck tie. Got a suit jacket. Got my shoes.

  Almost there. Try to remember, who knows you forgot something. Indeed. It feels as something is missing. What could it be?

When you have finished, do Latihan 2–3 to check your understanding of this dialogue.

  Noun Forming affixes

  Nouns formed with the prefix peN- were already discussed in Lesson 73. They are based on verbal roots and indicate the doer of the action. They are hence similar to -er nouns in English: to read

  → reader to write → writer membaca

  → pembaca menulis → penulis way is a famous writer), or to an object that is used to perform the action (a type writer).

  In Indonesian, most peN- nouns refer to the person who performs the action: Root verbal form

  PeN- noun

  tonton menonton to watch penonton watcher, viewer beli membeli to buy pembeli buyer kirim mengirim to send pengirim sender bantu membantu to help pembantu helper, assistant pegang memegang to hold pemegang holder urus mengurus to take care of pengurus care taker didik mendidik to educate pendidik educator

  Some words indicate the object that performs the action: Root verbal form

  PeN- noun

  buka membuka pembuka opener panas memanaskan pemanas heater potong memotong pemotong cutter

  Most peN- nouns are based on meN- verbs and they are prenasalised in exactly the same way as meN- verbs:

  1. If the word begins with the letters

  l, r, w, y, m, n, ng, ny no prenasalisation occurs:

  Lari → pelari

  Renang → perenang

  Wawancara → pewawancara

  Yoga → peyoga

  Makan → pemakan

  Nikmat → penikmat Ngamen → pengamen Nyanyi → penyanyi

  2. Initial

  b, f, p & v becomes pem-

  Buka → pembuka Fitnah

  → pemfitnah Pukul → pemukul (p is dropped) Vonis

  → pemvonis

  a, e, i, o, u, g, h & k becomes peng-

  Ambil → pengambil

  Elak → pengelak

  Injak → penginjak

  Olah → pengolah

  Urut → pengurut

  Ganggu → pengganggu

  Hibur → penghibur

  Kirim → pengirim (k is dropped)

  4. Initial

  c, d, j, t → becomes pen-

  Cetak → pencetak

  Dorong → pendorong

  Jahat → penjahat

  Tarik → penarik (t is dropped)

  5. Initial s becomes peny- penyita (s is dropped) Sita →

  Pe- Nouns & Ber- Verbs

  In the preceding lessons we have learned a fairly large number of verbs. The prefix pe- can be added to a small group of ber- verbs we have learned so far. These ber- verbs refer to work that is regularly performed or, in some cases, done for a living. The derived pe- nouns then indicate the person who carries out the profession: belajar to study pelajar learner, student bekerja to work pekerja worker berenang to swim perenang (professional) swimmer bertenis to play tennis petenis (professional) tennis player berdagang to trade pedagang trader bertinju petinju to box boxer berwawancara to interview pewawancara interviewer bertanding to contest petanding contestant berjudi to gamble pejudi gambler

  A much larger group of ber- verbs that we have learned so far have the general meaning “to have, own [base]”. These include: berasal to have one’s origin berbeda to be di

  fferent berguna useful berumur to be of such and such age berlibur to have holidays bermasalah to be di

  fficult, problematic berangin windy (lit. ‘having wind’) berawan cloudy bersejarah historical (lit. ‘having history’)

  None of these ber- verbs can derive a corresponding pe- noun.

  PeN- nouns and MeN- verbs

  The prefix peN-can be attached to a large group of transitive meN- verbs that we have learned so far (intransitive verbs, such as

  masuk, meninggal, tidur, tinggal, tahu, menikah, and meletus,

  cannot usually derive peN- nouns). Note that you are not expected to memorise the following items. They are for your reference only! mengenalkan pengenal identification (card) minum peminum drunkard suka penyuka a fan of, a lover of membantu pembantu servant mencari pencari seeker, finder menolong penolong helper memanggil pemanggil summoner meminta peminta petitioner melakukan pelaku actor, doer, performer membaca pembaca reader membersihkan pembersih cleaner mencuci pencuci washer mendengarkan pendengar audience, listener menonton penonton audience, viewer, spectator menulis penulis writer mengirimkan pengirim sender menyapu penyapu sweeper, wiper mengambil pengambil taker menggosok penggosok polisher memberikan pemberi giver membuat pembuat maker menyanyi penyanyi singer menjual penjual seller mengajar pengajar teacher menunggu penunggu watchman, guardian spirit membayar pembayar payer mencium pencium kisser memilih pemilih voter membawa pembawa bringer, messenger memimpin pemimpin leader mengucapkan pengucap speaker menangkap penangkap catcher merusak perusak destroyer membunuh pembunuh murderer merompak perompak pirate memukul pemukul hammer, club menerima penerima receiver menghitung penghitung counter, numerator mengatur pengatur regulator, controller menyimpan penyimpan keeper menutup penutup cover, lid mengantar pengantar escort, courier menanam penanam cultivator, investor mengubah pengubah transformer memotong pemotong cutter melukis pelukis painter mengurus pengurus administrator membangun pembangun founder, constructor, builder melatih pelatih trainer, coach merokok perokok smoker melamar pelamar applicant memasang pemasang installer, fitter mengendarai pengendara driver membandingkan pembanding weigher, comparer melayani pelayan servant menjawab penjawab respondent, answerer mengaduk pengaduk shaker, stirrer merebus perebus boiler mengoleskan pengoles pastry brush menyajikan penyaji server, presenter memakai pemakai user

  As we have seen above, a large number of verbs can take the prefix pe- or peN- although in some cases these words are rarely used or highly specialised such as pengucap which is almost entirely restricted to the phrase alat pengucap ‘organ of speech’, and pemanggil, which is largely limited to the phrase

  pemanggil arwah ‘shaman, medium’. Dulu & Sementara In Lesson 43 we have encountered dulu in the meaning ‘in former times, a long time ago’.

  From earlier lessons, we know already that dulu also has the meaning ‘first’ (before anything else), e.g.

  Indonesian must be a pretty cool language, or Indonesians are pretty cool people. How else can it be explained that Indonesian has so many different words to express that something or someone is ‘cool’.? If someone or something is fashionably cool, it’s keren.

  Shall we dine at Genki Sushi tomorrow? Sip.

  Bagaimana kalau besok kita makan di Genki Sushi?

  is mainly used as a single utterance expressing agreement and appreciation: “okay, wow, cool, fine, great, no problem with me, I totally agree, let’s do it.”

  Sip

  Cool. Next month I am going to Bali. The fourth word that means ‘cool’ is sip. Sip is used in situations where you are in agreement.

  Cool! His shop sells one thousand computers every day. Someone or something is asyik because it creates excitement: Asyik. Bulan depan saya ke Bali.

  Smoking women are perceived as cool. Someone or something is hebat because of physical excellence: Hebat! Tokonya menjual seribu komputer setiap hari.

  Perempuan merokok dianggap keren.

  What a cool car that Ferrari is.

  Keren sekali Ferrari itu.

  So Cool

  Saya mau makan dulu.

  used. As short as they are, these two words are linguistically very complex, and can have a vari- ety of di fferent meanings. A more ‘uncomplicated’ word is the colloquialism sip ‘cool’.

  

wah, lho, toh, and kok. Especially lho and kok, which both express surprise, are very frequently

  Colloquial Indonesian is spiced with a large number of exclamations and particles such as

  Colloquialisms

  You go ahead and eat, while I do the laundry.

  Kamu makan dulu sementara saya mencuci pakaian.

  Dulu is often paired with sementara ‘while’ (at the same time) in sentences where you say: I do this, while you do something else.

  do it before I do anything else!

  Dulu in this sentence does not mean that I eat before someone else, but it simply means that I

  I want to eat first.

  Great.

  Sip! Sepeda motor pakai “airbag”.

  Coolest thing. A motor bike with airbag. The following is taken from news reports about Honda motorbikes equipped with airbags:

  Hebat. Semua motor Honda bakal dilengkapi “airbag” Cool. All Honda motorbikes will be equipped with airbags. Keren, Honda CB 750 pakai “airbag” .

  Cool. A Honda CB 750 with airbag. Don’ t expect asyik here, as airbags, as cool as they may be, rarely excite people.

  Agar & Supaya Agar and supaya

  (which you will encounter in Lesson 103) are synonyms and as such 100% in- terchangeable. They introduce a clause of purpose “that, so that, in order that”. Agar/supaya clauses usually have a subject: Dia ingin supaya kita menolong dia.

  He wants that we help him. When the subject of the agar/supaya clause is identical with the subject of the main clause, it is almost always elipted:

  Dia membaca banyak buku agar cepat pintar.

  She reads a lot of book so that she becomes quickly smart. When Pak Bei tells Bu Bei that he’s going to have a shower while his wife dresses up, Bu Bei replies Jangan lama-lama agar nggak telat. This sentence consists of two parts: The main clause jangan lama-lama (“not long”) and the subordinate clause agar nggak telat (“so that not late”). Auspiciously, none of the clauses contains a subject. As we have seen above, when the subject of the agar/supaya clause is identical with the subject of the main clause, it is almost al- ways elipted. But here, even the main clause does not contain a subject.

  This is clearly no oversight, but done purposely. In Indonesia, it is very common that the sub- ject is implied rather than explicitly mentioned. The implied subject of jangan lama-lama (don’t take long) may be either “you” or “we”. By omitting the subject, the statement becomes more general and is hence less likely to be interpreted as an attempt to criticise, warn, or even o

  ffend the other. The subject is also elipted in the subordinate agar-clause, but here we can assume that it is “we” rather than “you”. The translation of Jangan lama-lama agar nggak telat remains open. It could be interpreted as “You’d better hurry up so that you won’t be late” but it could also mean “Let’s hurry up so that we won’t be late.”

Latihan 1—Kosa Kata Lalu Jodohkan kata-kata di sebelah kiri dengan terjemahannya di sebelah kanan

  dasi almost nggak shoes harus necktie pakai including hampir how come? why? rasa all jangan to take a bath sampai no (informal) kok indeed segala to arrive mandi have to, must sepatu to feel, think memang don’t termasuk to use, wear

  Latihan 2—Pemahaman Dengarkanlah Rekaman 089-02 . Kemudian, jawablah pertanyaan sesuai dengan rekaman untuk nomor 1-8. Untuk nomor 9, isilah dengan jawaban yang tepat (there is a lacuna of 10 seconds between each question).

  1. What does Pak Bei do before going to the event?

  A. He brushes his teeth

  B. He changes clothes

  C. He takes a shower 2. What is the word Bu Bei uses for “late”? ....................................................................

  3. Why is Pak Bei wearing a tie? A.

  Because he is going to meet his superior

  B. Because he is going to his office C.

  Because he has to attend an official event 4. What colloquialism uses Bu Bei to express her surprise? ...........................................

  5. What piece of clothe is Pak Bei wearing that surprises Bu Bei?

  A. kopiah

  B. suit jacket

  C. shirt

  D. necktie 6. Why is Pak Bei wearing formal attire? A.

  Because he has to greet his superior

  B. Because he acts as the MC C.

  Because he has to speak in front of a large audience 7. Pak Bei mentions several items he brought or wore. One of the following items is NOT mentioned. Which one is it? A. registration paper (STNK)

  B. neck tie (dasi) C. driving licence (SIM)

  D. socks (kaos kaki)

  E. helmet (helem)

  F. suit jacket (jas)

  G. shoes (sepatu) 8. Ibu Bei says: “We’re almost there. Try to remember. Who knows we may have forgotten something.” Hampir sampai, diingat-ingat. ________ tahu ada yang kelupaan.

  9.

  (Indeed)! Rasanya masih ada yang kurang. Apa ya, Bu? Translate the word “indeed” into Indonesian. ...............................................................

  Latihan 3—Isian Dengarkanlah Rekaman 089-01 . Lengkapi teks di bawah sesuai dengan rekaman tersebut. Gunakan kata-kata berikut: dasi—harus—jangan—jas—kok—memang—

  pembicara—sampai—sementara—sepatu—sip Pak Bei

  Bu Bei Aku mandi dulu _________ kau siap-siap, Bu. Ya, _________ lama-lama agar nggak telat. Lho, pakai _________ toh?

  Iya! Resmi _________! Wah! Pakai _________ segala?

  _________. Aku ini kan termasuk _________ nanti. SIM sudah. STNK sudah. Helm sudah.

  _________. Dasi sudah. Jas sudah. _________ juga sudah.

  Hampir _________. Diingat-ingat, siapa tahu ada yang kelupaan. _________. Rasanya kok ada yang masih kurang. Apa, ya, Bu?

  Latihan 4 —The Prefix PeN- Add the peN- prefix to the following root words. The pronunciation of pengganggu should

be easy. The ng sound is followed by a clearly audible g: ngg. This is NOT the case with

pengurut which is pronounced peng-urut and not peng-gurut! The same is true for pengirim, pengambil, pengelak, penginjak, and pengolah!

  makan

  pemakan

  sita kirim buka hibur pukul ganggu fitnah urut tarik ambil jahat elak cetak injak dorong olah

  Latihan 5—Rangkai Kata Urutkan kata-kata di bawah ini menjadi kalimat yang benar sesuai dengan arti:

  1. “Cool! He writes four books in a year.” Hebat!—empat—dalam—Ia—menulis—buku—setahun. 2. “While I cook, you prepare the plates.” Sementara—menyiapkan—kamu—saya—memasak,—piring-piring.

  3.

  “I want to eat first before I go to the library”.

  Saya—lalu—pergi—ke—dulu—makan—mau—perpustakaan. 4. “Wow, it’s already afternoon apparently.”

  Wah,—sudah—ternyata—sore!

  Latihan 6—Pilihan Ganda Choose the correct pe- or peN- prefix.

  1. Film Harry Potter menarik banyak sekali ...

  A. petonton

  B. pemonton

  C. penonton 2. Siapa ... buku dan baju ini? Saya suka sekali!

  A. pekirim

  B. pemirim

  C. pengirim 3. Michael Phelps seorang ... yang cepat sekali.

  A. perenang

  B. penenang

  C. pemenang 4. Siapa yang tidak tahu Lady Gaga? Dia ... yang sangat terkenal.

  A. pemenyayi

  B. penyanyi

  C. pengnyanyi 5. Siapa yang akan menjadi ... besok?

  A. pebicara

  B. penbicara

  C. pembicara

  6. Apakah Anda punya ... di rumah?

  A. pemantu

  B. pembantu

  C. pengbantu

  Saya butuh ... untuk membuka kotak ini.

  A. penotong

  B. pemotong

  C. pempotong

  8. Dia tidak pernah makan sayuran. Dia betul-betul ... daging!

  A. pepakan

  B. penakan

  C. pemakan

  Latihan 7—Pilihan Ganda : Hebat, Asyik, dan Keren Choose between the three words that all mean “cool”: asyik (exciting), hebat (spectacular), and keren (fashionable).

  1.

  _______! Uang Apple lebih banyak dari pemerintah Amerika Serikat.

  2. Foto yang dia ambil ________ sekali! Saya suka!

  3. Dia bisa membangun rumah dalam sehari. ______ sekali! 4.

  Pesta ini tidak _______ tanpa kamu! 5. Dia merasa _______ sekali karena ayahnya seorang dokter.

  6. Saya tidak yakin saya mau datang ke acara itu. Tahun lalu nggak _______! 7.

  Baju Jennifer Lopez sangat _______. Siapa yang membuatnya? 8. Dia sedang _______ belajar matematika.

  9.

  _______! Besok saya akan menonton film bersama teman-teman saya.

  10. Dia penulis yang .... Buku-bukunya banyak dibaca orang.

  Latihan 8—Teka Teki Silang (TTS)

  Mendatar: 1. helmet 5. you know, of course 7. too late 10. while 11. lacking 12. so that 15. it seems to me 16. driver’s licence 17. to remember Menurun: 2. exclamation to express something unexpected

  3. all and everything, the whole shabang 4. motor vehicle registration certificate 6. a colloquial derived from bukan 8. forgotten 9. suit jacket 13. formal 14. you (intimate) 18. right? Aims

• To introduce the main terms for items of clothing
• To practise some of the sentences that can be used in shopping for clothes.

  Vocabulary Review

  Here are some of the fre- quent words used in this lesson that have appeared in previous lessons. Make sure that you re- member their meanings.

  Berpakaian Islam © Eric La fforgue

  adat custom lengan sleeve berwarna having a certain color menarik attractive buatan made in melihat to look at cantik pretty, lovely panjang long indah beautiful rok skirt jas suit jacket sederhana simple kepala head sepatu shoes keren cool, nice

Pakaian Adat

  In addition to knowing the words for “western” style garments you also need to know the words for the basic items of indigenous Indonesian dress. Indigenous dress (in Indonesian often called pakaian adat, especially when it is being worn in a formal or ceremonial context) is still the normal style of everyday dress in many parts of the country. This is especially the case in remote areas, in the countryside, and among women and older people. Pakaian adat varies a lot from re-

  (although the precise style of the garment referred to will vary).

  Study this picture and memorise the terms. The term sarung is usually used for the skirt-like garment that is sewn down its length into cylindrical form. Kain is used for a length of cloth that is not sewn into a cyl- inder, but wrapped around the body and tucked or tied in place. Kain and sarung can be worn by men and women, though most often it is men who wear a sarung and women who wear a kain.

  Role Play—A Fashion Parade

  If you had the job of providing a commentary at a fashion parade you might say something like the narrat- ive provided in Sound File 090-01. Listen to the sound file without looking at the pictures of the models. Imagine in your mind’s eye what each of the models looks like. Take some colour pencils and draw a picture of all four models. Only then should you proceed reading the following tran- scription of the sound file. Compare the written text with your drawings. Are they still accurate, or do you need to make changes?

  

Peragaan Busana

elamat malam Bapak-Bapak dan Ibu-Ibu. Selamat datang di acara Peragaan Busana ini.

  Hari ini kami mengajak Anda melihat pakaian dari Barat dan dari Indonesia. Mari kita S mulai.

  

Susan memakai blus indah berwarna kuning dengan lengan pendek. Dia juga memakai rok

yang menarik sekali. Sepatunya sederhana.

Sarah kelihatan cantik sekali. Ia memakai celana panjang keren yang berwarna cokelat. Ia

juga memakai blus berwarna hijau dengan lengan agak panjang.

Nursyamsu memakai pakaian Islam yang indah. Ia memakai celana panjang dan kebaya

dengan lengan panjang. Nursyamsu juga memakai jilbab berwarna ungu.

Widyastuti memakai pakaian Jawa yang indah. Ia memakai kebaya tradisional dengan le-

ngan panjang. Ia juga memakai kain batik panjang berwarna cokelat. Sepatunya sepatu ba-

gus buatan Italia.

  Now that you have a visual picture of the four models, compare your drawings with our illus- trator’s images. Are they similar? Did you get all the colours right?

  Susan Nursyamsu Widyastuti Sarah

  After you have read through these examples of commentary at a fashion parade cover up the pictures and read the Indonesian aloud, imagining in your mind’s eye what each of the models looks like.

  Then cover the Indonesian text. Looking in turn at each picture give a brief commentary on them in Indonesian using your recollection of the models above, but adding a correct sentence or two of your own.

Mari Kita Bermain

  Using simple descriptions like the one’s above, put on a “fashion parade” in your classroom, or with your tutor or some Indonesian-speaking friends. Members of the class (male as well as fe- male) should parade in turn in front of the class while other members of the class provide a com- mentary in Indonesian on their clothes. Make your comments enthusiastically admiring. If the “model” is wearing glasses or a watch, or carrying a bag, don’t forget to comment on these as well.

  The important thing is to instantly and accurately produce the Indonesian terms for items of apparel and to make some comments about them. These comments can be about the cut or size of the garment, for example besar, kecil, pan- jang, pendek. They can also about the colour of the garment, for example putih, hitam, merah, kuning, hijau, biru. them with adjectives like indah, keren, bagus, cantik, ganteng and menarik.

  Using the word buatan (made in, made by, product of) mention where the items of apparel are made, or by whom they are made, for example buatan Italia, buatan Cina, buatan Pekalongan, bu-

  atan Armani, buatan Danar Hadi and so on.

  Remember, it doesn’t matter if the “fashions” are everyday attire and it doesn’t matter if there is a certain amount of repetition as di fferent people parade the same kinds of clothes. Keep the atmosphere relaxed and humorous and make only positive comments about the clothes on show.

Latihan 1—Kosa Kata Lalu Jodohkan kata-kata di sebelah kiri dengan terjemahannya di sebelah kanan

  berwarna beautiful sepatu a blouse rok tradition, customs sarung hijab cantik simple ikat kepala shoes indah fashionable, cool blus a piece of cloth keren of ..... colour kain a head cloth menarik cheap, inexpensive buatan suit jacket melihat skirt jas a traditional blouse murah to look at jilbab sleeve adat interesting kebaya made in sederhana pretty, lovely lengan a cloth with ends sewn together

  Latihan 2—Menjodohkan: Pertanyaan dan Jawaban Listen to Sound File 090-02.

  You will hear five questions. For each of the five questions, an answer is provided in the right column of the following table. Write the order of the answers as they appear in the sound file into the left column.

  a. Tidak, dia lebih suka yang pendek.

  b. Tidak selalu. Biasanya dia memakainya pada siang hari.

  c. Ya, ia memakai jilbab.

  d. Ia memakai kebaya biru dan celana panjang hitam.

  e. Oh, tidak. Dia memakainya kemarin.

  Latihan 3—Pemahaman Bacalah sekali lagi teks “Peragaan Busana” di atas dan jawab pertanyaan berikut: 1. Hanya ada pakaian tradisional Indonesia di acara peragaan busana malam itu.

  A. Benar

  B. Salah 2. Rok yang dipakai Susan kurang bagus.

  A. Benar

  B. Salah 3. Sepatu Susan sangat mewah.

  A. Benar

  B. Salah 4.

Celana panjang Sarah bagus sekali

  A. Benar

  B. Salah 5. Lengan baju Sarah terlalu pendek.

  A. Benar

  B. Salah 6. Nursyamsu memakai celana pendek dan baju lengan pendek.

  A. Benar

  B. Salah 7. Widyastuti memakai pakaian barat.

  A. Benar

  B. Salah 8. Beberapa orang memakai pakaian barat di peragaan busana itu.

  A. Benar

  B. Salah

  Latihan 4—Isian Lengkapi teks berikut dengan memilih kata yang tepat: batik—blus—buatan—jilbab—kebaya