Hubungan Gangguan Fungsi Hormon Tiroid Dengan Derajat Keparahan Pada Anak Penderita Infeksi Susunan Saraf Pusat
Daftar Pustaka
1. Tauber MG, dan Schaad BU. Bacterial infections of the nervous system.
Dalam: Swaiman KF, Ashwal S, Ferriero DM, peyunting. Pediatric
neurology principles and practice. Edisi ke-5. Mosby: Elsevier. 2007;
h.1571-94
2. Saharso D, Hidayati SN. Infeksi susunan saraf pusat. Dalam:
Soetomenggolo TS, Ismael S, penyunting. Buku ajar neurologi anak.
Jakarta: Ikatan dokter anak Indonesia. 1999. h. 339-52
3. Scheld WM, Koedel U, Nathan B, Pfister HW. Pathophysiology of bacterial
meningitis: mechanism(s) of neuronal injury. The journal of infectious
diseases. 2002;186:225-33
4. Tunkel AR, Glaser CA, Bloch KC, Sejvar JJ, Marra CM, Roos KL, et al.
The management of encephalitis: clinical practice guidelines by the
infectious disease society of America. Clinical infectious Disease.
2008;47:303-27
5. Bale JF. Meningitis and encephalitis. Dalam: Maria BL, penyunting.
Current management in child neurology. Edisi ke-3. South Carolina: BC
decker Inc. 2005;h.509-14
6. Jiao F, Zhang X, dan Bai T. Clinical evaluation of the function of
hypothalamo-pituitary-thyroid axis in children with central nervous system
infection. Italian journal of pediatrics. 2011;37:11-17
7. Brinker M, Joosten KFM, Visser TJ, Hop WC, Rijke YB, Hazelzet JA, et al.
Euthyroid sick syndrome in meningococcal sepsis: the impact of
peripheral thyroid hormon metabolism binding proteins. J Clin Endocrinol
Metab. 2005;90:5613-20
8. Kogai T, dan Brent GA. Thyroid hormones. Dalam: Melmed S, Conn PM,
penyunting. Endocrinology: Basic and Clinical Principles. Edisi ke-2. New
Jersey: Humana Press. 2009;h.267-81
9. Alayo EC, Villena J, Evans AT, dan Zimic M. Thyroid hormone levels
improve the prediction of mortality among patients admitted to the
intensive care unit. Int Care Med. 2005;31:1356-61
10. Ladenson PW. Greenspans's Basic and Clinical Endocrinology.
Dalam:Gardner GB, Shoback D, penyunting. The thyroid gland. Edisi ke-8.
California: McGraw-Hill. 2007;h.1-33
53
Universitas Sumatera Utara
11. Brown RS. The thyroid gland. Dalam: Brook CGD, Hindmarsh PC,
penyunting. Clinical pediatric endocrinology. Edisi ke-4. London: Blackwell
science. 2005;h.288-06
12. Plikat Km Langgartner J, Bueliner R, et al. Frequency and outcome of
patients with nonthyroidal illness syndrome in a medical intensive care
unit. Metabolism. 2007;56:239-44
13. Mikati MA, Tarabay H, Khalil A, Rahi AC, dan Najjar S. Risk Factors for
Development of Subclinical Hypothyroidism during Valproic Acid Therapy.
J pediatr. 2007;2:178-81
14. Tetlow LJ, dan Clayton PE. Test and normal value in endocrinology.
Dalam: Brook CG, Clayton PE, Brown RS, penyunting. Clinical pediatric
endocrinology. Edisi ke-5. UK: Blackwell publishing. 2005;h.550-93
15. Strolin B, Whomsley R, Baltes E, Tonner F. Alteration of thyroid hormone
homeostasis by antiepileptic drugs in humans: involvement of
glucuronyltransferase induction. Eur J Clin pharmacol. 2005;61:863-72
16. Fisher DA. The thyroid. Dalam: Rudolph CD, Rudolph AM, Hostetter MK,
Lister G, Siegel NJ, penyunting. Rudolph's Text Book of Pediatric. Edisi
ke-21. USA: McGraw-Hill. 2003;h.2059-66
17. Guyton AC, dan Hall JE. Hormon metabolic tiroid. Dalam : Guyton AC,
Hall JE, Penyunting. Buku ajar fisiologi kedokteran, Edisi 9. Jakarta: EGC.
2010;h.1188-1201
18. Susanto R, dan Julia M. Gangguan kelenjar tiroid. Buku ajar
endokrinologi. Ikatan Dokter Anak Indonesia, Jakarta. 2010;h.214-19
19. Brown RS, Huang S. The Thyroid and Its Disorders. Dalam: Brook CG,
Clayton PE, Brown RS, penyunting. Clinical Pediatric Endocrinology. Edisi
ke-5. United Kingdom: Blackwell publishing. 2005;h.218-51
20. Brown RS, Huang S. The Thyroid Gland. Dalam: Brook CG, Clayton PE,
Brown RS, penyunting. Handbook of Clinical Pediatric Endocrinology.
Edisi ke-5. United Kingdom: Blackwell publishing. 2008;h.84-98.
21. Das BK, Agarwal JK, Agarwal PA, dan Mishra OP. Serum cortisol and
thyroid hormone levels in neonates with sepsis. Indian J Pediatr.
2002;69:663-75
22. Haentjens P, Meerhaeghe AV, dan Velkeniers B. Subclinical thyroid
dysfucntion and mortality: an estimate of relative and absolute excess all
cause mortality based on time to event data from cohort studies.
European J Endocrin. 2008;159:329-41
54
Universitas Sumatera Utara
23. McIver B, dan Gorman CA. Euthyroid Sick Syndrome: an overview.
Thyroid. Minnesota. 1997;7:125-32
24. Rothwell PM, Udwadia ZF, dan Lawler PG. Thyrotropin concentration
predicts outcome in criticall illness. Anaesthesia. 1993;48:372-79
25. Peeters RP, Wouters PJ, Van Toor H, Kaptein E, Visser TJ, Van den
Berghe G Serum 3,3’,5’-triiodothyronine (rT3) and 3,5,3’ triiodothyronine
/rT3 are prognostic markers in critically ill patients and are associated with
postmortem tissue deiodinase activities. J Clin Endocrinol Metab.
2005;90:4559-65
26. Alder SM, dan Wartofsky L. The nonthyroidal illness syndrome. Endocrinol
Metab Clin North Arn. 2007;36:36:657-62
27. Kelly GS. Peripheral metabolism of thyroid hormones: a review. Altern
Med Rev. 2000;5:306-33
28. Chopra IJ. Euthyroid sick syndrome: is it a misnomer?. J Clin Endocrinol
Metab. Clinical Review. California. 1997;82:329-34
29. De Groot LJ: Non-thyroidal illness syndrome is a manifestation of
hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction, and in view of current evidence, should
be treated with appropriate replacement therapies. Crit Care Clin. 2006;
22:57-86
30. Matsumoto M, Ishiguro H, Tomita Y, Inoue H, Yasuda Y, Shimizu T, et al :
Changes in thyroid function after bone marrow transplant in young
patients. Pediatr Int. 2004;46:291-95
31. Yildizdas D, Onenli-Mungan N, Yapicioglu H, Topaloglu AK, Sert-demir Y,
Yuksel B: Thyroid hormone levels and their relationship to survival in
children with bacterial sepsis and septic shock. J Pediatr Endocrinol
Metab. 2004;17:1435-42
32. Ray DC, Macduff A, Drummond GB, Wilkinson E, Adams B, Beckett GJ:
Endocrine measurements in survivors and non-survivors from critical
illness. Intensive Care Med. 2002;28:1301-08
33. Madiyono B, Sastroasmoro S, Moeslichan S, Budiman I, Purwanto SH.
Perkiraan besar sampel. Dalam: Sastroasmoro S, Ismael S, penyunting.
Dasar-Dasar Metodologi Penelitian Klinis. Edisi ke-2. Jakarta: CV Sagung
Seto. 2002.h.259-86
34. Heyderman RS, Lambert HP, O’Sullivan I, Stuart JM, Taylor BL, Wall RA.
Early management of suspected bacterial meningitis and meningococcal
septicaemia in adults. Journal of Infection. 2003; 46:75-85
55
Universitas Sumatera Utara
35. William J, Lye DCB, Umapathi T. Diagnostic lumbar puncture: minimizing
complication. Internal Medicine Journal. 2008:587-91
36. Zargar AH, Ganie MA, Masoodi SR, Laway BA, Bashir MI, Wani AI, dkk.
Prevalence and pattern of sick euthyroid syndrome in acute and chronic
non-thyroidal illness: its relationship with severity and outcome of the
disorder. J Assoc Physicians India. 2004;52: 27-31
37. Miguel Bayarri V, Borras Palle S, Murcia Llacer B, Sancho Chinesta S,
Malaga Lopez A, Sola Izquierdo E, Perez Bermudez B, Hernandez
Mijares A: Prevalence and prognosis significance of euthyroid sick
syndrome in critical illness. Rev Clin Esp. 2001; 201: 572-4
38. Matsumoto M, Ishiguro H, Tomita Y, Inoue H, Yasuda Y, Shimizu T, dkk.
Changes in thyroid function after bone marrow transplant in young
patients. Pediatr Int. 2004;46: 291-5
39. Yildizdas D, Onenli-Mungan N, Yapicioglu H, Topaloglu AK, Sert-demir Y,
Yuksel B. Thyroid hormone levels and their relationship to survival in
children with bacterial sepsis and septic shock. J Pediatr Endocrinol
Metab. 2004;17: 1435-42
40. Kelly GS. Peripheral metabolism of thyroid hormones: a review. Altern
Med Rev. 2000;5: 306-33
41. Ray DC, Macduff A, Drummond GB, Wilkinson E, Adams B, Beckett GJ.
Endocrine measurements in survivors and non-survivors from critical
illness. Intensive Care Med. 2002;28: 1301-8
42. Peeters RP, Wouters PJ, van Toor H, Kaptein E, Visser TJ, Vanden BG.
Serum 3,3’,5’-triiodothyronine (rT3) and 3,5,3’-triiodothyronine/rT3 are
prognostic markers in critically ill patients and are associated with
postmortem tissue deiodi-nase activities. J Clin Endocrinol Metab.
2005;90: 4559-65
56
Universitas Sumatera Utara
1. Tauber MG, dan Schaad BU. Bacterial infections of the nervous system.
Dalam: Swaiman KF, Ashwal S, Ferriero DM, peyunting. Pediatric
neurology principles and practice. Edisi ke-5. Mosby: Elsevier. 2007;
h.1571-94
2. Saharso D, Hidayati SN. Infeksi susunan saraf pusat. Dalam:
Soetomenggolo TS, Ismael S, penyunting. Buku ajar neurologi anak.
Jakarta: Ikatan dokter anak Indonesia. 1999. h. 339-52
3. Scheld WM, Koedel U, Nathan B, Pfister HW. Pathophysiology of bacterial
meningitis: mechanism(s) of neuronal injury. The journal of infectious
diseases. 2002;186:225-33
4. Tunkel AR, Glaser CA, Bloch KC, Sejvar JJ, Marra CM, Roos KL, et al.
The management of encephalitis: clinical practice guidelines by the
infectious disease society of America. Clinical infectious Disease.
2008;47:303-27
5. Bale JF. Meningitis and encephalitis. Dalam: Maria BL, penyunting.
Current management in child neurology. Edisi ke-3. South Carolina: BC
decker Inc. 2005;h.509-14
6. Jiao F, Zhang X, dan Bai T. Clinical evaluation of the function of
hypothalamo-pituitary-thyroid axis in children with central nervous system
infection. Italian journal of pediatrics. 2011;37:11-17
7. Brinker M, Joosten KFM, Visser TJ, Hop WC, Rijke YB, Hazelzet JA, et al.
Euthyroid sick syndrome in meningococcal sepsis: the impact of
peripheral thyroid hormon metabolism binding proteins. J Clin Endocrinol
Metab. 2005;90:5613-20
8. Kogai T, dan Brent GA. Thyroid hormones. Dalam: Melmed S, Conn PM,
penyunting. Endocrinology: Basic and Clinical Principles. Edisi ke-2. New
Jersey: Humana Press. 2009;h.267-81
9. Alayo EC, Villena J, Evans AT, dan Zimic M. Thyroid hormone levels
improve the prediction of mortality among patients admitted to the
intensive care unit. Int Care Med. 2005;31:1356-61
10. Ladenson PW. Greenspans's Basic and Clinical Endocrinology.
Dalam:Gardner GB, Shoback D, penyunting. The thyroid gland. Edisi ke-8.
California: McGraw-Hill. 2007;h.1-33
53
Universitas Sumatera Utara
11. Brown RS. The thyroid gland. Dalam: Brook CGD, Hindmarsh PC,
penyunting. Clinical pediatric endocrinology. Edisi ke-4. London: Blackwell
science. 2005;h.288-06
12. Plikat Km Langgartner J, Bueliner R, et al. Frequency and outcome of
patients with nonthyroidal illness syndrome in a medical intensive care
unit. Metabolism. 2007;56:239-44
13. Mikati MA, Tarabay H, Khalil A, Rahi AC, dan Najjar S. Risk Factors for
Development of Subclinical Hypothyroidism during Valproic Acid Therapy.
J pediatr. 2007;2:178-81
14. Tetlow LJ, dan Clayton PE. Test and normal value in endocrinology.
Dalam: Brook CG, Clayton PE, Brown RS, penyunting. Clinical pediatric
endocrinology. Edisi ke-5. UK: Blackwell publishing. 2005;h.550-93
15. Strolin B, Whomsley R, Baltes E, Tonner F. Alteration of thyroid hormone
homeostasis by antiepileptic drugs in humans: involvement of
glucuronyltransferase induction. Eur J Clin pharmacol. 2005;61:863-72
16. Fisher DA. The thyroid. Dalam: Rudolph CD, Rudolph AM, Hostetter MK,
Lister G, Siegel NJ, penyunting. Rudolph's Text Book of Pediatric. Edisi
ke-21. USA: McGraw-Hill. 2003;h.2059-66
17. Guyton AC, dan Hall JE. Hormon metabolic tiroid. Dalam : Guyton AC,
Hall JE, Penyunting. Buku ajar fisiologi kedokteran, Edisi 9. Jakarta: EGC.
2010;h.1188-1201
18. Susanto R, dan Julia M. Gangguan kelenjar tiroid. Buku ajar
endokrinologi. Ikatan Dokter Anak Indonesia, Jakarta. 2010;h.214-19
19. Brown RS, Huang S. The Thyroid and Its Disorders. Dalam: Brook CG,
Clayton PE, Brown RS, penyunting. Clinical Pediatric Endocrinology. Edisi
ke-5. United Kingdom: Blackwell publishing. 2005;h.218-51
20. Brown RS, Huang S. The Thyroid Gland. Dalam: Brook CG, Clayton PE,
Brown RS, penyunting. Handbook of Clinical Pediatric Endocrinology.
Edisi ke-5. United Kingdom: Blackwell publishing. 2008;h.84-98.
21. Das BK, Agarwal JK, Agarwal PA, dan Mishra OP. Serum cortisol and
thyroid hormone levels in neonates with sepsis. Indian J Pediatr.
2002;69:663-75
22. Haentjens P, Meerhaeghe AV, dan Velkeniers B. Subclinical thyroid
dysfucntion and mortality: an estimate of relative and absolute excess all
cause mortality based on time to event data from cohort studies.
European J Endocrin. 2008;159:329-41
54
Universitas Sumatera Utara
23. McIver B, dan Gorman CA. Euthyroid Sick Syndrome: an overview.
Thyroid. Minnesota. 1997;7:125-32
24. Rothwell PM, Udwadia ZF, dan Lawler PG. Thyrotropin concentration
predicts outcome in criticall illness. Anaesthesia. 1993;48:372-79
25. Peeters RP, Wouters PJ, Van Toor H, Kaptein E, Visser TJ, Van den
Berghe G Serum 3,3’,5’-triiodothyronine (rT3) and 3,5,3’ triiodothyronine
/rT3 are prognostic markers in critically ill patients and are associated with
postmortem tissue deiodinase activities. J Clin Endocrinol Metab.
2005;90:4559-65
26. Alder SM, dan Wartofsky L. The nonthyroidal illness syndrome. Endocrinol
Metab Clin North Arn. 2007;36:36:657-62
27. Kelly GS. Peripheral metabolism of thyroid hormones: a review. Altern
Med Rev. 2000;5:306-33
28. Chopra IJ. Euthyroid sick syndrome: is it a misnomer?. J Clin Endocrinol
Metab. Clinical Review. California. 1997;82:329-34
29. De Groot LJ: Non-thyroidal illness syndrome is a manifestation of
hypothalamic-pituitary dysfunction, and in view of current evidence, should
be treated with appropriate replacement therapies. Crit Care Clin. 2006;
22:57-86
30. Matsumoto M, Ishiguro H, Tomita Y, Inoue H, Yasuda Y, Shimizu T, et al :
Changes in thyroid function after bone marrow transplant in young
patients. Pediatr Int. 2004;46:291-95
31. Yildizdas D, Onenli-Mungan N, Yapicioglu H, Topaloglu AK, Sert-demir Y,
Yuksel B: Thyroid hormone levels and their relationship to survival in
children with bacterial sepsis and septic shock. J Pediatr Endocrinol
Metab. 2004;17:1435-42
32. Ray DC, Macduff A, Drummond GB, Wilkinson E, Adams B, Beckett GJ:
Endocrine measurements in survivors and non-survivors from critical
illness. Intensive Care Med. 2002;28:1301-08
33. Madiyono B, Sastroasmoro S, Moeslichan S, Budiman I, Purwanto SH.
Perkiraan besar sampel. Dalam: Sastroasmoro S, Ismael S, penyunting.
Dasar-Dasar Metodologi Penelitian Klinis. Edisi ke-2. Jakarta: CV Sagung
Seto. 2002.h.259-86
34. Heyderman RS, Lambert HP, O’Sullivan I, Stuart JM, Taylor BL, Wall RA.
Early management of suspected bacterial meningitis and meningococcal
septicaemia in adults. Journal of Infection. 2003; 46:75-85
55
Universitas Sumatera Utara
35. William J, Lye DCB, Umapathi T. Diagnostic lumbar puncture: minimizing
complication. Internal Medicine Journal. 2008:587-91
36. Zargar AH, Ganie MA, Masoodi SR, Laway BA, Bashir MI, Wani AI, dkk.
Prevalence and pattern of sick euthyroid syndrome in acute and chronic
non-thyroidal illness: its relationship with severity and outcome of the
disorder. J Assoc Physicians India. 2004;52: 27-31
37. Miguel Bayarri V, Borras Palle S, Murcia Llacer B, Sancho Chinesta S,
Malaga Lopez A, Sola Izquierdo E, Perez Bermudez B, Hernandez
Mijares A: Prevalence and prognosis significance of euthyroid sick
syndrome in critical illness. Rev Clin Esp. 2001; 201: 572-4
38. Matsumoto M, Ishiguro H, Tomita Y, Inoue H, Yasuda Y, Shimizu T, dkk.
Changes in thyroid function after bone marrow transplant in young
patients. Pediatr Int. 2004;46: 291-5
39. Yildizdas D, Onenli-Mungan N, Yapicioglu H, Topaloglu AK, Sert-demir Y,
Yuksel B. Thyroid hormone levels and their relationship to survival in
children with bacterial sepsis and septic shock. J Pediatr Endocrinol
Metab. 2004;17: 1435-42
40. Kelly GS. Peripheral metabolism of thyroid hormones: a review. Altern
Med Rev. 2000;5: 306-33
41. Ray DC, Macduff A, Drummond GB, Wilkinson E, Adams B, Beckett GJ.
Endocrine measurements in survivors and non-survivors from critical
illness. Intensive Care Med. 2002;28: 1301-8
42. Peeters RP, Wouters PJ, van Toor H, Kaptein E, Visser TJ, Vanden BG.
Serum 3,3’,5’-triiodothyronine (rT3) and 3,5,3’-triiodothyronine/rT3 are
prognostic markers in critically ill patients and are associated with
postmortem tissue deiodi-nase activities. J Clin Endocrinol Metab.
2005;90: 4559-65
56
Universitas Sumatera Utara