REKOMENDASI DEWAN KEAMANAN PBB DALAM PENERIMAAN KEANGGOTAAN BARU BERDASARKAN PASAL 4 PIAGAM PBB DIHUBUNGKAN DENGAN PRINSIP GOOD FAITH.
REKOMENDASI DEWAN KEAMANAN PBB DALAM PENERIMAAN
KEANGGOTAAN BARU BERDASARKAN PASAL 4 PIAGAM PBB
DIHUBUNGKAN DENGAN PRINSIP GOOD FAITH
Adnia Farawita
110110080396
Penerimaan anggota baru PBB diatur dalam Pasal 4 Piagam dimana
didalam Pasal 4 ayat (2) dinyatakan bahwa sebelum diputuskan oleh Majelis
Umum, penerimaan anggota baru PBB membutuhkan rekomendasi Dewan
Keamanan dan rekomendasi tersebut harus disetujui oleh kelima anggota
tetap Dewan Keamanan. Dalam prakteknya, Dewan Keamanan tidak selalu
memberikan rekomendasi karena alasan-alasan tertentu, salah satunya hak
veto dari negara anggota tetap Dewan Keamanan. Hak veto tersebut dapat
dipengaruhi oleh kepentingan politik negara anggota tertentu dan dapat
bertentangan dengan prinsip good faith yang terdapat Pasal 2 ayat (2)
Piagam PBB yang menyatakan bahwa seluruh anggota PBB harus
melaksanakan kewajibannya berdasarkan prinsip good faith. Hal ini
menimbulkan pertanyaan mengenai kesesuaian ketentuan Pasal 4 ayat (2)
Piagam PBB dengan prinsip good faith dan mengenai pemberian keputusan
oleh Majelis Umum untuk menerima anggota baru PBB tanpa adanya
rekomendasi Dewan Keamanan terlebih dahulu.
Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah
deskriptif-analitis, yaitu menguraikan hasil penelitian untuk kemudian
dilakukan analisis terhadap permasalahan sehubungan dengan objek
penulisan yang diteliti. Metode pendekatan yang digunakan adalah yuridisnormatif, yaitu pendekatan dengan cara mengkaji dan menganalisis
ketentuan hukum yang berkaitan dengan masalah yang diteliti, yaitu
konvensi internasional.
Analisis menunjukkan bahwa ketentuan dari Pasal 4 ayat (2) tidak
sesuai dengan prinsip good faith. Dewan Keamanan tidak dapat
memberikan rekomendasi menerima negara tersebut karena adanya hak
veto yang dipengaruhi oleh kepentingan politik negara anggota tetap tertentu
yang bertentangan dengan prinsip good faith. Kemudian, sesuai dengan
Advisory Opinion Mahkamah Internasional tentang Competence of the
General Assembly for the Admissions of a State, Majelis Umum tidak dapat
memberikan keputusan untuk menerima anggota baru PBB tanpa adanya
rekomendasi Dewan Keamanan terlebih dahulu. Hal ini dikarenakan akan
meniadakan sama sekali peranan Dewan Keamanan dalam melaksanakan
salah satu tugas pokok PBB dan akan menghilangkan makna dari Pasal 4
ayat (2).
iv
THE UNITED NATION SECURITY COUNCIL’S RECOMMENDATION IN
THE ADMISSIONS OF NEW MEMBER BASED ON CHARTER OF THE
UNITED NATIONS ARTICLE 4 IN CONNECTION WITH THE PRINCIPLE
OF GOOD FAITH
Adnia Farawita
110110080396
The admissions of United Nations’ new members regulated in Article 4
of the UN Charter which in Article 4 Paragraph (2) stated that before decided
by the General Assembly, the admissions of United Nations’ new member
requires the Security Council’s recommendation and the recommendation
must be approved by the five permanent members of Security Council. In
practice, the Security Council does not always provide recommendation due
to certain reasons, one of them is the veto rights of the permanent members
of the Security Council. The veto rights can be affected by the political
interests of certain member states and could be a contrary to the principle of
good faith contained in Article 2 Paragraph (2) of the UN Charter which
states that all members of the United Nations must fulfil their obligations
based on principle of good faith. This condition raises questions about the
compatibility of the provisions of Article 4 Paragraph (2) of the UN Charter
with the principle of good faith and the granting of a decision by the General
Assembly to accept the new members of the United Nations without the
Security Council’s recommendations beforehand.
This study use a descriptive-analysis research methods, which
describe the results of the research then making analysis of the problems
based on the object we have researched, and use the juridical-normative for
the approach methods, namely approach by reviewing and analyze the legal
provisions relating to the problems we have researched, i.e. International
Conventions.
As a result of the analysis, it can be concluded that the provisions of
Article 4 Paragraph (2) of the UN Charter is not in accordance with the
principle of good faith. The Security Council cannot provide
recommendations to accept a state because of the veto rights that is affected
by the political interests of certain member states which contrary to the
principle of good faith. Then, according to the ICJ Advisory Opinion on the
Competence of the General Assembly for the Admissions of a State, General
Assembly cannot grant a decision to accept the new members without the
Security Council’s recommendation beforehand. This is because it will
negate the Security Council’s role entirely in carrying out one of the principal
duty of the United Nations and will eliminate the meaning of the Article 4
paragraph (2).
v
KEANGGOTAAN BARU BERDASARKAN PASAL 4 PIAGAM PBB
DIHUBUNGKAN DENGAN PRINSIP GOOD FAITH
Adnia Farawita
110110080396
Penerimaan anggota baru PBB diatur dalam Pasal 4 Piagam dimana
didalam Pasal 4 ayat (2) dinyatakan bahwa sebelum diputuskan oleh Majelis
Umum, penerimaan anggota baru PBB membutuhkan rekomendasi Dewan
Keamanan dan rekomendasi tersebut harus disetujui oleh kelima anggota
tetap Dewan Keamanan. Dalam prakteknya, Dewan Keamanan tidak selalu
memberikan rekomendasi karena alasan-alasan tertentu, salah satunya hak
veto dari negara anggota tetap Dewan Keamanan. Hak veto tersebut dapat
dipengaruhi oleh kepentingan politik negara anggota tertentu dan dapat
bertentangan dengan prinsip good faith yang terdapat Pasal 2 ayat (2)
Piagam PBB yang menyatakan bahwa seluruh anggota PBB harus
melaksanakan kewajibannya berdasarkan prinsip good faith. Hal ini
menimbulkan pertanyaan mengenai kesesuaian ketentuan Pasal 4 ayat (2)
Piagam PBB dengan prinsip good faith dan mengenai pemberian keputusan
oleh Majelis Umum untuk menerima anggota baru PBB tanpa adanya
rekomendasi Dewan Keamanan terlebih dahulu.
Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah
deskriptif-analitis, yaitu menguraikan hasil penelitian untuk kemudian
dilakukan analisis terhadap permasalahan sehubungan dengan objek
penulisan yang diteliti. Metode pendekatan yang digunakan adalah yuridisnormatif, yaitu pendekatan dengan cara mengkaji dan menganalisis
ketentuan hukum yang berkaitan dengan masalah yang diteliti, yaitu
konvensi internasional.
Analisis menunjukkan bahwa ketentuan dari Pasal 4 ayat (2) tidak
sesuai dengan prinsip good faith. Dewan Keamanan tidak dapat
memberikan rekomendasi menerima negara tersebut karena adanya hak
veto yang dipengaruhi oleh kepentingan politik negara anggota tetap tertentu
yang bertentangan dengan prinsip good faith. Kemudian, sesuai dengan
Advisory Opinion Mahkamah Internasional tentang Competence of the
General Assembly for the Admissions of a State, Majelis Umum tidak dapat
memberikan keputusan untuk menerima anggota baru PBB tanpa adanya
rekomendasi Dewan Keamanan terlebih dahulu. Hal ini dikarenakan akan
meniadakan sama sekali peranan Dewan Keamanan dalam melaksanakan
salah satu tugas pokok PBB dan akan menghilangkan makna dari Pasal 4
ayat (2).
iv
THE UNITED NATION SECURITY COUNCIL’S RECOMMENDATION IN
THE ADMISSIONS OF NEW MEMBER BASED ON CHARTER OF THE
UNITED NATIONS ARTICLE 4 IN CONNECTION WITH THE PRINCIPLE
OF GOOD FAITH
Adnia Farawita
110110080396
The admissions of United Nations’ new members regulated in Article 4
of the UN Charter which in Article 4 Paragraph (2) stated that before decided
by the General Assembly, the admissions of United Nations’ new member
requires the Security Council’s recommendation and the recommendation
must be approved by the five permanent members of Security Council. In
practice, the Security Council does not always provide recommendation due
to certain reasons, one of them is the veto rights of the permanent members
of the Security Council. The veto rights can be affected by the political
interests of certain member states and could be a contrary to the principle of
good faith contained in Article 2 Paragraph (2) of the UN Charter which
states that all members of the United Nations must fulfil their obligations
based on principle of good faith. This condition raises questions about the
compatibility of the provisions of Article 4 Paragraph (2) of the UN Charter
with the principle of good faith and the granting of a decision by the General
Assembly to accept the new members of the United Nations without the
Security Council’s recommendations beforehand.
This study use a descriptive-analysis research methods, which
describe the results of the research then making analysis of the problems
based on the object we have researched, and use the juridical-normative for
the approach methods, namely approach by reviewing and analyze the legal
provisions relating to the problems we have researched, i.e. International
Conventions.
As a result of the analysis, it can be concluded that the provisions of
Article 4 Paragraph (2) of the UN Charter is not in accordance with the
principle of good faith. The Security Council cannot provide
recommendations to accept a state because of the veto rights that is affected
by the political interests of certain member states which contrary to the
principle of good faith. Then, according to the ICJ Advisory Opinion on the
Competence of the General Assembly for the Admissions of a State, General
Assembly cannot grant a decision to accept the new members without the
Security Council’s recommendation beforehand. This is because it will
negate the Security Council’s role entirely in carrying out one of the principal
duty of the United Nations and will eliminate the meaning of the Article 4
paragraph (2).
v