APPROVAL STRUGGLE OF SPARTAN TO MAINTAIN THEIR INDEPENDENCE IN 300 MOVIE BY ZACK NYDER (2007): A MARXIST APROACH.
APPROVAL
STRUGGLE OF SPARTAN TO MAINTAIN THEIR INDEPENDENCE IN
300 MOVIE BY ZACK NYDER (2007):
A MARXIST APROACH
by
BAYU SASONGKO
A 320 060 382
Approved to be Examined
by Consultant Team
Consultant I
Consultant II
(Dr. Phil. Dewi Candraningrum, M.Ed.)
ii
(Nur Hidayat, S.pd)
ACCEPTANCE
STRUGGLE OF SPARTAN TO MAINTAIN THEIR INDEPENDENCE IN
300 MOVIE BY ZACK SNYDER (2007):
A MARXIST APPROACH
by
BAYU SASONGKO
A 320 060 382
Accepted and Approved By the Board of Examiners
School of Teacher Training and Education
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta
2011
Team of Examiners:
1. Dr. Phil. Dewi Candraningrum, M. Ed.
(
)
(
)
(
)
( Examiner I)
2. Nur Hidayat, S.pd
( Examiners II)
3. Drs. Abdilah Nugroho, M. Hum
(Examiner III)
Dean,
Drs. H Sofyan Anif, M. Si
NIK. 547
iii
TESTIMONY
On this occasion, the writer asserts that there is no plagiarism in this
research paper. There is no other works contained in this research to get Bachelor
Degree in a certain University and as far as the writer concerned there is no
opinion that has been written or published before, except the written references
which are referred in this paper and mentioned in the bibliography.
If it is proven that there are some mistakes in this testimony, the writer
will be fully responsible.
Surakarta,
March 2011
BAYU SASONGKO
A 320 060 382
iv
MOTTO
Watch and learn
Be the simplest as possible and down to earth
Within great power come responsibility
(The writer)
v
DEDICATION
For:
Allah SWT and Muhammad SAW
My Beloved Parents
My little brothers and little sister
My love and her families
My Life and My Future
vi
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Assalamu’alaikum Wr. Wb
In the name of Allah, the merciful and compassionate, who has the
glorious and holy of Qur’an, Lord of the Universe. Alhamdulillahi Robbil’alamin
the researcher wants to say the thankful to Allah SWT because the researcher is
able to finish his research paper as the partial fulfillment of the requirement to get
the graduate Degree of Bachelor in education. Thus the researcher able to finish
his work which entitled STRUGGLE OF SPARTAN TO MAINTAIN THEIR
INDEPENDENCE IN 300 MOVIE BY ZACK SNYDER (2007):
A MARXIST APPROACH.
The researcher would like to express his gratitude, and appreciation to the
people who given their support, inspiration, suggestion, motivation, and
information in writing this research paper. Hence the researcher is able to finish
this paper until in a good way. In this occasion the researcher wants to say him
thankful to:
1. Dr. Phil. Dewi Candraningrum, S.Pd, M.Ed., the first consultant who
patiently has given his a very helpful guidance, a greatest spare time to
give advice in completing this research paper.
2. Nur Hidyat, S.pd, the second consultant for giving his time to examine
and correcting this research paper, thus this research is appropriate and
qualified to be accepted.
vii
3. Mr. Titis Setyabudi, S.S as the inspiring person who gave
recommendation, and advice to choose this theory as his object of study.
Create
4. Azhari, S.S, the academic consultant for having his guidance, approving
the title, and correcting his fault especially in Seminar on Literature.
5. Drs. H Sofyan Anif, M.Si as the Dean of Teacher Training and Education
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
6. His Moms worship who takes him care till him grow in adult age, without
her what my life would be
7. His Father who always shows him the best chosen in life, and teach me to
become glorious boy.
8. His little brothers and little sister, Dammar. D Sasongko, Galuh. T
Sasongko, Warih. A Sasongko, Luqman. A Sasongko and Paramitha
Candra Pratiwi who always makes crowded condition of home in the
best comfort in our residence.
9. His new families, hopefully, “Eronika Prima Budiwati” and her families
(Ibu Sri Sukatni and Pak Priyadi Hartoyo, Mas Yocki and Dewi) for
the affection, advice, support and everlasting love.
10. His friends in his childhood town, “Ambon, Ujang, Jambez”, for
available the place and equipments to complete this paper.
11. All peoples in “Griya Mendungan” and “Londree-Q Mendungan”,
(Mas Dayat, Pak Udin, Mbah Imam, Mokee & Mbak Unik, Didik,
Aan, Fajar), for the support and togetherness.
viii
12. His friends in Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta, (Hangga, Adam,
Henry, Asa, Cipley, Putri, Sindi, Big Dyah, Khotim, Nur, Didik,
Widya, Jabluk, Cuncun, Uzik, Gawok) and the other great person that
he cannot mention one by one, for becoming his friends.
13. His friends whom he loves and those who loves him.
Finally, the researcher want to say thankfully to all of the readers,
especially they are who interested and enthusiastic of this research paper and
the theory related to this thesis. Their suggestion and critics are important
related this research paper in order to make this thesis is useful and becomes
better both form of title and the content of the research paper. Hopefully, this
research paper would give advantage and benefit to prospective readers.
Wassalamu’alaikum Wr.Wb
Surakarta,
March 2011
The Researcher
Bayu Sasongko
ix
ABSTRACT
BAYU SASONGKO. A320 060 382. STRUGGLE OF SPARTAN TO MAINTAIN
THEIR INDEPENDENCE IN 300 MOVIE BY ZACK SNYDER (2007): A
MARXIST
APPROACH.
RESEARCH
PAPER.
MUHAMMADIYAH
UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA. 2011
The research is proposed to analyze a struggle for slavery and colonization in a
movie with the title 300 with Marxist Approach. There are two objectives: the first is to
analyze the movie in term of structural elements, and the second is to analyze the movie
based on Marxist Approach.
This Research is a descriptive qualitative study, using the movie of Zack
Snyder’s 300 as the object of analysis of the style study. There are two kinds of data
sources to be analyzed, namely primary and secondary. The primary data are the movie
and script of the movie itself and the secondary data sources are some books, internet and
articles related to the subject. The technique of data collection in this research is library
research by summarizing, paraphrasing and documenting the data. In analyzing the data,
the writer employs descriptive qualitative analysis
Based on the analysis, the researcher draws two conclusions: The first is based on
the structural analysis. The movie of Zack Snyder’s 300 (2007) has interrelated structural
elements which are related one another and also has solid unity. The Second is based on
the Marxist analysis. Zack Snyder wants to reflect that freedom is the right of every
human being. So, every people is entitled to get the same treatment in any forms.
Key words: Zack Snyder, Struggle, Marxist Approach
Consultant I
Consultant II
Dr. Phil. Dewi Candraningrum, S.Pd, M.Ed.
Nur Hidayat,S. pd
NIK: 772
NIK: 771
Dean
Drs. H. Sofyan Anif, M. Si
NIK: 547
x
TABLE OF CONTENT
TITLE ........................................................................................................ i
APPROVAL .............................................................................................. ii
ACCEPTANCE ......................................................................................... iii
TETIMONY .............................................................................................. iv
MOTTO ..................................................................................................... v
DEDICATION ........................................................................................... vi
ACKNOWLEDGMENT .......................................................................... vii
ABSTRACT ............................................................................................... x
TABLE OF CONTENT ............................................................................ xi
LIST OF FIGURE .................................................................................... xv
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
A. Background of the Study................................................................. 1
B. Literature Review ............................................................................ 7
C. Problem Statement .......................................................................... 8
D. Limitation of Study ......................................................................... 8
E. Objective of Study .......................................................................... 8
F. Benefit of Study .............................................................................. 9
1. Theoretical Benefit ..................................................................... 9
xi
2. Practical Benefit ......................................................................... 9
G. Research Method............................................................................. 9
1. Objects of the Study .................................................................. 9
2. Type of the Data and the Data Source ...................................... 9
3. Technique of the data collection ............................................... 9
4. Type of the Study............................................................................. 9
H. Research Paper Organization ......................................................... 11
CHAPTER II UNDERLYING THEORY
A. Notion of Marxist ............................................................................ 13
B. Principles of Marxist ....................................................................... 13
1. Dialectical Materialism ............................................................. 14
2. Historical Materialism............................................................... 15
3. Class Struggle ........................................................................... 15
4. Revolution ................................................................................. 16
5. Alienation .................................................................................. 16
C. Structural Element of the Movie ..................................................... 16
1. Narrative Elements .................................................................... 16
a) Character and Characterization ............................................ 16
b) Setting ................................................................................... 17
c) Plot ........................................................................................ 17
d) Point of View ........................................................................ 17
e) Style ...................................................................................... 18
xii
f) Theme .................................................................................. 18
2. Technical Element .................................................................... 19
a) Mise-en-Scene ....................................................................... 19
1) Set Dressing and Props ................................................... 19
2) Costume and Make-Up ................................................... 19
3) Lighting .......................................................................... 19
4) Figurative Expression and Movement (Acting) ............. 19
b) Cinematography.................................................................... 20
c) Sound ................................................................................... 22
d) Editing .................................................................................. 23
D. Theoretical Application................................................................... 24
CHAPTER III SOCIAL BACK GROUND OF THE SPARTAN
1. Social Aspect ............................................................................ 26
2. Economic Aspect ..................................................................... 27
3. Political Aspect ......................................................................... 28
4. Cultural Aspect ......................................................................... 32
5. Religious Aspect ...................................................................... 35
CHAPTER IV STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS
A. Narrative Elements .......................................................................... 38
1. Character and Characterization ................................................. 38
2. Settings ...................................................................................... 41
3. Plot ............................................................................................ 45
4. Point of View ............................................................................ 47
xiii
5. Theme ........................................................................................ 48
6. Style and Tone .......................................................................... 49
B. Technical Elements ........................................................................ 52
1. Mise–en-Scene .......................................................................... 52
2. Cinematography ........................................................................ 55
3. Sound ........................................................................................ 57
4. Editing ....................................................................................... 58
C. Discussion ....................................................................................... 59
CHAPTER V MARXIST ANALYSIS OF THE MOVIE
A. Marxist Analysis ............................................................................ 62
1. Dialectical Materialism ............................................................. 62
2. Historical Materialism............................................................... 63
3. Alienation .................................................................................. 64
4. Class Struggle ........................................................................... 65
5. Revolution ................................................................................. 65
B. Discussion ....................................................................................... 66
CHAPTER VI CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
A. Conclusion ...................................................................................... 68
B. Suggestion ....................................................................................... 69
BIBLIOGRAPHY
APPENDIX
xiv
LIST OF FIGURE
1. King Leonidas’s profile ...................................................................... 47
2. Queen Gorgo’s Profile ........................................................................ 49
3. Captain Artemis’s Profile ................................................................... 50
4. Loyalist’s Profile ................................................................................. 51
5. Daxos’s Profile ..................................................................................... 51
6. Dilios’s Profile...................................................................................... 52
7. Stelios’s Profile .................................................................................... 53
8. Arthemis’s Profil ................................................................................. 53
9. Pleistarchos’s Profile........................................................................... 54
10. King Xerxes’s Profil ............................................................................ 54
11. Theron’s Profile................................................................................... 55
12. Ephilates’s Profile ............................................................................... 56
13. Persian Messenger’s Profile ............................................................... 56
14. The Agoge Process .............................................................................. 57
15. Negotiation in Sparta .......................................................................... 58
16. House of Sparta ................................................................................... 58
17. Ephors Temple .................................................................................... 59
18. Persian Empire .................................................................................... 59
19. Hot Gates ............................................................................................. 59
20. Consultant Room................................................................................. 60
21. Spartan’s Costume .............................................................................. 65
22. King Xerses Kingkom ......................................................................... 65
23. King Leonidas’s Costume ................................................................... 66
24. King Leonidas when climb to Ephors place ..................................... 68
25. Hot Gates ............................................................................................. 68
26. Epilathes and King Leonidas ............................................................. 69
27. Persian Ships ....................................................................................... 69
28. Dead of King Leonidas ....................................................................... 70
xv
29. Arrows in Battlefield ........................................................................... 71
30. King Leonidas’s Attack ...................................................................... 73
31. King Xerses hurt by spear .................................................................. 73
32. King Leonidas’s attack ....................................................................... 73
33. Persian soldiers fall from hill ............................................................. 74
34. . King Leonidas .................................................................................... 75
35. Kig Leonidas Climb the hill ............................................................... 75
36. Dead of King Leonidas ....................................................................... 75
37. King Leonidas and Dillios .................................................................. 76
38. King Leonidas at battlefield ............................................................... 76
39. King Leonidas’s face (close up).......................................................... 77
40. . King Leonidas’s face (extreme close up) ......................................... 77
41. Ephors meeting .................................................................................... 78
42. Negoisation in battlefield .................................................................... 79
43. Spartan march to battlefield .............................................................. 79
44. Persian messenger arrive at Sparta ................................................... 85
45. King Leonidas’s resistance ................................................................. 86
46. Stelios’s resistance ............................................................................... 86
47. King Leonidas with his 300 soldiers go to Hot Gates....................... 87
48. King Leonidas with his 300 soldiers go to Hot Gates....................... 87
49. Gold from King Xerses to bribing Ephor and Theron .................... 89
50. Gold from King Xerses to bribing Ephor and Theron .................... 89
51. Theron as traitor ................................................................................. 89
52. King Xerses bribing to Ephilates ....................................................... 89
53. King Leonidas when bribed by King Xerses .................................... 90
54. Theron treat queen Gorgo .................................................................. 92
55. King Leonidas reject Ephilates as a soldier ...................................... 93
56. Dilios talk about king Leonidas’s message ....................................... 96
57. Dilios narration before battle with Persia......................................... 97
58. Dilios narration before battle with Persia......................................... 97
xvi
STRUGGLE OF SPARTAN TO MAINTAIN THEIR INDEPENDENCE IN
300 MOVIE BY ZACK NYDER (2007):
A MARXIST APROACH
by
BAYU SASONGKO
A 320 060 382
Approved to be Examined
by Consultant Team
Consultant I
Consultant II
(Dr. Phil. Dewi Candraningrum, M.Ed.)
ii
(Nur Hidayat, S.pd)
ACCEPTANCE
STRUGGLE OF SPARTAN TO MAINTAIN THEIR INDEPENDENCE IN
300 MOVIE BY ZACK SNYDER (2007):
A MARXIST APPROACH
by
BAYU SASONGKO
A 320 060 382
Accepted and Approved By the Board of Examiners
School of Teacher Training and Education
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta
2011
Team of Examiners:
1. Dr. Phil. Dewi Candraningrum, M. Ed.
(
)
(
)
(
)
( Examiner I)
2. Nur Hidayat, S.pd
( Examiners II)
3. Drs. Abdilah Nugroho, M. Hum
(Examiner III)
Dean,
Drs. H Sofyan Anif, M. Si
NIK. 547
iii
TESTIMONY
On this occasion, the writer asserts that there is no plagiarism in this
research paper. There is no other works contained in this research to get Bachelor
Degree in a certain University and as far as the writer concerned there is no
opinion that has been written or published before, except the written references
which are referred in this paper and mentioned in the bibliography.
If it is proven that there are some mistakes in this testimony, the writer
will be fully responsible.
Surakarta,
March 2011
BAYU SASONGKO
A 320 060 382
iv
MOTTO
Watch and learn
Be the simplest as possible and down to earth
Within great power come responsibility
(The writer)
v
DEDICATION
For:
Allah SWT and Muhammad SAW
My Beloved Parents
My little brothers and little sister
My love and her families
My Life and My Future
vi
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Assalamu’alaikum Wr. Wb
In the name of Allah, the merciful and compassionate, who has the
glorious and holy of Qur’an, Lord of the Universe. Alhamdulillahi Robbil’alamin
the researcher wants to say the thankful to Allah SWT because the researcher is
able to finish his research paper as the partial fulfillment of the requirement to get
the graduate Degree of Bachelor in education. Thus the researcher able to finish
his work which entitled STRUGGLE OF SPARTAN TO MAINTAIN THEIR
INDEPENDENCE IN 300 MOVIE BY ZACK SNYDER (2007):
A MARXIST APPROACH.
The researcher would like to express his gratitude, and appreciation to the
people who given their support, inspiration, suggestion, motivation, and
information in writing this research paper. Hence the researcher is able to finish
this paper until in a good way. In this occasion the researcher wants to say him
thankful to:
1. Dr. Phil. Dewi Candraningrum, S.Pd, M.Ed., the first consultant who
patiently has given his a very helpful guidance, a greatest spare time to
give advice in completing this research paper.
2. Nur Hidyat, S.pd, the second consultant for giving his time to examine
and correcting this research paper, thus this research is appropriate and
qualified to be accepted.
vii
3. Mr. Titis Setyabudi, S.S as the inspiring person who gave
recommendation, and advice to choose this theory as his object of study.
Create
4. Azhari, S.S, the academic consultant for having his guidance, approving
the title, and correcting his fault especially in Seminar on Literature.
5. Drs. H Sofyan Anif, M.Si as the Dean of Teacher Training and Education
Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta.
6. His Moms worship who takes him care till him grow in adult age, without
her what my life would be
7. His Father who always shows him the best chosen in life, and teach me to
become glorious boy.
8. His little brothers and little sister, Dammar. D Sasongko, Galuh. T
Sasongko, Warih. A Sasongko, Luqman. A Sasongko and Paramitha
Candra Pratiwi who always makes crowded condition of home in the
best comfort in our residence.
9. His new families, hopefully, “Eronika Prima Budiwati” and her families
(Ibu Sri Sukatni and Pak Priyadi Hartoyo, Mas Yocki and Dewi) for
the affection, advice, support and everlasting love.
10. His friends in his childhood town, “Ambon, Ujang, Jambez”, for
available the place and equipments to complete this paper.
11. All peoples in “Griya Mendungan” and “Londree-Q Mendungan”,
(Mas Dayat, Pak Udin, Mbah Imam, Mokee & Mbak Unik, Didik,
Aan, Fajar), for the support and togetherness.
viii
12. His friends in Muhammadiyah University of Surakarta, (Hangga, Adam,
Henry, Asa, Cipley, Putri, Sindi, Big Dyah, Khotim, Nur, Didik,
Widya, Jabluk, Cuncun, Uzik, Gawok) and the other great person that
he cannot mention one by one, for becoming his friends.
13. His friends whom he loves and those who loves him.
Finally, the researcher want to say thankfully to all of the readers,
especially they are who interested and enthusiastic of this research paper and
the theory related to this thesis. Their suggestion and critics are important
related this research paper in order to make this thesis is useful and becomes
better both form of title and the content of the research paper. Hopefully, this
research paper would give advantage and benefit to prospective readers.
Wassalamu’alaikum Wr.Wb
Surakarta,
March 2011
The Researcher
Bayu Sasongko
ix
ABSTRACT
BAYU SASONGKO. A320 060 382. STRUGGLE OF SPARTAN TO MAINTAIN
THEIR INDEPENDENCE IN 300 MOVIE BY ZACK SNYDER (2007): A
MARXIST
APPROACH.
RESEARCH
PAPER.
MUHAMMADIYAH
UNIVERSITY OF SURAKARTA. 2011
The research is proposed to analyze a struggle for slavery and colonization in a
movie with the title 300 with Marxist Approach. There are two objectives: the first is to
analyze the movie in term of structural elements, and the second is to analyze the movie
based on Marxist Approach.
This Research is a descriptive qualitative study, using the movie of Zack
Snyder’s 300 as the object of analysis of the style study. There are two kinds of data
sources to be analyzed, namely primary and secondary. The primary data are the movie
and script of the movie itself and the secondary data sources are some books, internet and
articles related to the subject. The technique of data collection in this research is library
research by summarizing, paraphrasing and documenting the data. In analyzing the data,
the writer employs descriptive qualitative analysis
Based on the analysis, the researcher draws two conclusions: The first is based on
the structural analysis. The movie of Zack Snyder’s 300 (2007) has interrelated structural
elements which are related one another and also has solid unity. The Second is based on
the Marxist analysis. Zack Snyder wants to reflect that freedom is the right of every
human being. So, every people is entitled to get the same treatment in any forms.
Key words: Zack Snyder, Struggle, Marxist Approach
Consultant I
Consultant II
Dr. Phil. Dewi Candraningrum, S.Pd, M.Ed.
Nur Hidayat,S. pd
NIK: 772
NIK: 771
Dean
Drs. H. Sofyan Anif, M. Si
NIK: 547
x
TABLE OF CONTENT
TITLE ........................................................................................................ i
APPROVAL .............................................................................................. ii
ACCEPTANCE ......................................................................................... iii
TETIMONY .............................................................................................. iv
MOTTO ..................................................................................................... v
DEDICATION ........................................................................................... vi
ACKNOWLEDGMENT .......................................................................... vii
ABSTRACT ............................................................................................... x
TABLE OF CONTENT ............................................................................ xi
LIST OF FIGURE .................................................................................... xv
CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION
A. Background of the Study................................................................. 1
B. Literature Review ............................................................................ 7
C. Problem Statement .......................................................................... 8
D. Limitation of Study ......................................................................... 8
E. Objective of Study .......................................................................... 8
F. Benefit of Study .............................................................................. 9
1. Theoretical Benefit ..................................................................... 9
xi
2. Practical Benefit ......................................................................... 9
G. Research Method............................................................................. 9
1. Objects of the Study .................................................................. 9
2. Type of the Data and the Data Source ...................................... 9
3. Technique of the data collection ............................................... 9
4. Type of the Study............................................................................. 9
H. Research Paper Organization ......................................................... 11
CHAPTER II UNDERLYING THEORY
A. Notion of Marxist ............................................................................ 13
B. Principles of Marxist ....................................................................... 13
1. Dialectical Materialism ............................................................. 14
2. Historical Materialism............................................................... 15
3. Class Struggle ........................................................................... 15
4. Revolution ................................................................................. 16
5. Alienation .................................................................................. 16
C. Structural Element of the Movie ..................................................... 16
1. Narrative Elements .................................................................... 16
a) Character and Characterization ............................................ 16
b) Setting ................................................................................... 17
c) Plot ........................................................................................ 17
d) Point of View ........................................................................ 17
e) Style ...................................................................................... 18
xii
f) Theme .................................................................................. 18
2. Technical Element .................................................................... 19
a) Mise-en-Scene ....................................................................... 19
1) Set Dressing and Props ................................................... 19
2) Costume and Make-Up ................................................... 19
3) Lighting .......................................................................... 19
4) Figurative Expression and Movement (Acting) ............. 19
b) Cinematography.................................................................... 20
c) Sound ................................................................................... 22
d) Editing .................................................................................. 23
D. Theoretical Application................................................................... 24
CHAPTER III SOCIAL BACK GROUND OF THE SPARTAN
1. Social Aspect ............................................................................ 26
2. Economic Aspect ..................................................................... 27
3. Political Aspect ......................................................................... 28
4. Cultural Aspect ......................................................................... 32
5. Religious Aspect ...................................................................... 35
CHAPTER IV STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS
A. Narrative Elements .......................................................................... 38
1. Character and Characterization ................................................. 38
2. Settings ...................................................................................... 41
3. Plot ............................................................................................ 45
4. Point of View ............................................................................ 47
xiii
5. Theme ........................................................................................ 48
6. Style and Tone .......................................................................... 49
B. Technical Elements ........................................................................ 52
1. Mise–en-Scene .......................................................................... 52
2. Cinematography ........................................................................ 55
3. Sound ........................................................................................ 57
4. Editing ....................................................................................... 58
C. Discussion ....................................................................................... 59
CHAPTER V MARXIST ANALYSIS OF THE MOVIE
A. Marxist Analysis ............................................................................ 62
1. Dialectical Materialism ............................................................. 62
2. Historical Materialism............................................................... 63
3. Alienation .................................................................................. 64
4. Class Struggle ........................................................................... 65
5. Revolution ................................................................................. 65
B. Discussion ....................................................................................... 66
CHAPTER VI CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
A. Conclusion ...................................................................................... 68
B. Suggestion ....................................................................................... 69
BIBLIOGRAPHY
APPENDIX
xiv
LIST OF FIGURE
1. King Leonidas’s profile ...................................................................... 47
2. Queen Gorgo’s Profile ........................................................................ 49
3. Captain Artemis’s Profile ................................................................... 50
4. Loyalist’s Profile ................................................................................. 51
5. Daxos’s Profile ..................................................................................... 51
6. Dilios’s Profile...................................................................................... 52
7. Stelios’s Profile .................................................................................... 53
8. Arthemis’s Profil ................................................................................. 53
9. Pleistarchos’s Profile........................................................................... 54
10. King Xerxes’s Profil ............................................................................ 54
11. Theron’s Profile................................................................................... 55
12. Ephilates’s Profile ............................................................................... 56
13. Persian Messenger’s Profile ............................................................... 56
14. The Agoge Process .............................................................................. 57
15. Negotiation in Sparta .......................................................................... 58
16. House of Sparta ................................................................................... 58
17. Ephors Temple .................................................................................... 59
18. Persian Empire .................................................................................... 59
19. Hot Gates ............................................................................................. 59
20. Consultant Room................................................................................. 60
21. Spartan’s Costume .............................................................................. 65
22. King Xerses Kingkom ......................................................................... 65
23. King Leonidas’s Costume ................................................................... 66
24. King Leonidas when climb to Ephors place ..................................... 68
25. Hot Gates ............................................................................................. 68
26. Epilathes and King Leonidas ............................................................. 69
27. Persian Ships ....................................................................................... 69
28. Dead of King Leonidas ....................................................................... 70
xv
29. Arrows in Battlefield ........................................................................... 71
30. King Leonidas’s Attack ...................................................................... 73
31. King Xerses hurt by spear .................................................................. 73
32. King Leonidas’s attack ....................................................................... 73
33. Persian soldiers fall from hill ............................................................. 74
34. . King Leonidas .................................................................................... 75
35. Kig Leonidas Climb the hill ............................................................... 75
36. Dead of King Leonidas ....................................................................... 75
37. King Leonidas and Dillios .................................................................. 76
38. King Leonidas at battlefield ............................................................... 76
39. King Leonidas’s face (close up).......................................................... 77
40. . King Leonidas’s face (extreme close up) ......................................... 77
41. Ephors meeting .................................................................................... 78
42. Negoisation in battlefield .................................................................... 79
43. Spartan march to battlefield .............................................................. 79
44. Persian messenger arrive at Sparta ................................................... 85
45. King Leonidas’s resistance ................................................................. 86
46. Stelios’s resistance ............................................................................... 86
47. King Leonidas with his 300 soldiers go to Hot Gates....................... 87
48. King Leonidas with his 300 soldiers go to Hot Gates....................... 87
49. Gold from King Xerses to bribing Ephor and Theron .................... 89
50. Gold from King Xerses to bribing Ephor and Theron .................... 89
51. Theron as traitor ................................................................................. 89
52. King Xerses bribing to Ephilates ....................................................... 89
53. King Leonidas when bribed by King Xerses .................................... 90
54. Theron treat queen Gorgo .................................................................. 92
55. King Leonidas reject Ephilates as a soldier ...................................... 93
56. Dilios talk about king Leonidas’s message ....................................... 96
57. Dilios narration before battle with Persia......................................... 97
58. Dilios narration before battle with Persia......................................... 97
xvi