MENULIS YANG BAIK WHU
MENULIS ARTIKEL JURNAL
INTERNASIONAL YANG BAIK
Wani Hadi Utomo
Mengapa dosen perlu menulis (Phylosophy)
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2.
3.
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5.
6.
Bagi dosen:
1. kenaikkan pangkat dan/atau memenuhi tugas
2. mendapt/menjadi Peer review
3 meningkatkan kemampuan akademis
3.
4. memperkenalkan kemampuan diri dan meningkatkan daya saing
5. Mempermudah mendapatkan dana penelitian
6. Kalau di LN: “Publish or perish” (survive)
Bagi mahasiswa Pascasarjana:
1. persyaratan ujian/lulus
2. memperkenalkan kkemampuannya
Bagi Universitas: untuk menjadi universitas berkualitas/dikenal dunia
Tuntutan globalisasi
Persaingan lulusan untuk kerja
Persaingan mendapatkan bantuan dana
Persaingan memperoleh mahasiswa
mahasiswa, baik secara regional
regional, nasional dan internasional ( pd
th 2003 3,1 jt mhsw Int, th 2010 diperkiranak 5,8 jt, 2/3 berasal dari asia).
Dana pemerintah utk pendidikan terbatas
Banyak negara yg mentargetkan mhsw internasional sebagai sumber dana potential
Menulis pd Jurnal internasional mudah :
• Kunci utama:
1. Kemauan
2 Kerja keras
2.
keras,kerja
kerja keras dan kerja keras
3. tidak mudah menyerah
4 Mengetahui
4.
M
t h i kke jjurnall mana artikel
tik l
ditujukan ( jurnal kelas 1, kelas 2 dan
kelas 3 )
5.Memahami dan mengikuti persyaratan
jurnal yang dituju
• Perbedaan menulis artikel untuk Jurnal
ilmiah dan laporan : tulisan harus ringkas,
padat tetapi tetap harus lengkap dan
padat,
jelas. Artinya pembaca mengerti apa yang
ditulis tanpa harus bertanya kepada
penulisnya, dan jika pembaca ingin
menguji/melakukan penelitian yang sama
sama,
dengan membaca artikel tersebut
pembaca telah dapat melakukannya
melakukannya.
•
1
1.
2.
3.
Agar tulisan diterima disuatu Jurnal :
Mengetahui ke Journal mana artikel dikirimkan
Sesuai dengan mandat Jurnal ybs.
Memahami dan mengikuti prasyarat penulisan.
- format
- teknik penyajian (hurup, spasi, tabel, satuan,
dan gambar, kepustakaan )
3. Keterbaruan (termasuk pustaka); sajikan
pustaka yang dapat ditelusuri
4. Kritis dan analitis (dalam hasil dan
pembahasan)
5. Kesinambungan antara judul-pendahuluan
hasil-kesimpulan.
• Mengapa perlu menulis yang baik
1. Penerbitan artikel di suatu Jurnal tdk berarti bhw
penulisnya
li
tlh b
berkualitas
k lit (b
(banyak
k artikel
tik l sampah)
h)
2. Untuk dosen UB: penentuan insentif, Utk mhsw
Pasca Sarjana: penentuan dpt tidaknya digunakan
sebagai syarat/pengganti ujian
y
y
3. Kualitas artikel ditentukan oleh banyaknya
pengguna artikel tersebut (Citation)
4. Banyak reviewer yang kurang kompeten
5. Banyak reviewer menggunakan standard ganda
6. Untuk kenaikan pangkat perlu artikel yang baik
(dampaknya bkn hanya pada ybs, tp pd Jurnal ybs)
7. Bagi UB, yang lebih penting adalah “citation”.
Sitasi bkn berdasarkan kualitas jurnal tetapi
kualitas artikel
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Sukoharsono, EG
Cendekia
Urutan 1 - 10 dari sekitar 16 hasil telusur. (0,10 dtk).
The Genesis of Accounting in Indonesia: The Dutch Colonialism in the Early 17th
Century
EG Sukoharsono… - The Indonesian Journal of Accounting and …, 1993
Dinyatakan dengan 8 - Artikel terkait
[PDF] Accounting in A Historical Transition: A Shifting Dominant belief from Hindu
to Islamic Administration in Indonesia
EG Sukoharsono - 2nd Asia-Pacific Interdisciplinary …, 1998 - commerce.adelaide.edu.au
Acknowledgements: I am grateful to Professor MJR Gaffikin for his helpful advice in
completing this paper. I also would like to thank the Malangkucecwara College of
Economics for the necessary
to conduct the research. ... *) This paper is prepared for theAsia-Pacific Interdisciplinary ...
Dinyatakan dengan 5 - Artikel terkait - Versi HTML - 4 versi
The Boom of Colonial Investment: Dutch Political Power in the History of Capital in
I d
Indonesia
i
EG Sukoharsono - 5th Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Accounting …, 1997
Dinyatakan dengan 2 - Artikel terkait - 2 versi
Accounting in the Coming of Islam: Early Ritual and Administrative Affairs in
Indonesia
EG Sukoharsono - New York Conference on Interdisciplinary Accounting …
Dinyatakan dengan 1 - Artikel terkait
EKO HANDAYANTO
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Cendekia Urutan 1 - 10 dari sekitar 447 hasil telusur. (0,09 dtk)
Tips: Telusuri laman berbahasa Bahasa Indonesia saja. Anda dapat menentukan bahasa
penelusuran di Preferensi Cendekia
Cendekia.
Nitrogen release from prunings of legume hedgerow trees in relation to quality of the
prunings and incubation method
E Handayanto, G Cadisch, KE Giller - Plant and Soil, 1994 - Springer
E. HANDAYANTO 1
1'2,
2, G. CADISCH 1 and KE GILLER 1 IDepartment of Biological Sciences,
Wye College, University of London, Wye, Ashford, Kent TN25 5AH UK and 2Fakultas
Pertanian, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, Indonesia ... Received 3 August 1993. ...
Dinyatakan dengan 113 - Artikel terkait - 5 versi
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Regulating N release from legume tree prunings by mixing residues of different quality
E Handayanto, KE Giller, G Cadisch - Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 1997 - Elsevier
In an attempt to regulate the rate of N mineralization from legume tree prunings by manipulating
the quality of the prunings, a low-quality legume tree pruning (Peltophorum dasyrrachis) was
mixed at various proportions with a high quality legume tree pruning (Gliricidia sepium). N .
Di
Dinyatakan
t k d
dengan 82 - Artikel
A tik l tterkait
k it - 5 versii
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Manipulation of quality and mineralization of tropical legume tree prunings by varying
nitrogen supply
E Handayanto,
Handayanto G Cadisch,
Cadisch KE Giller - Plant and Soil
Soil, 1995 - Springer
Plant and Soil 176: 149-160, 1995. (~) 1995 Kluwer Academic Publishers. Printed in the
Netherlands. ... Manipulation of quality and mineralization of tropical legume tree prunings by
varying nitrogen supply ... E. Handayanto 1'2, G. Cadisch 1 and KE Giller 1 l Department
Dinyatakan dengan 59 - Artikel terkait - 2 versi
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WARDANA
Google Scholar Results 1 - 9 of 9 for wardana ing author:i-wardana. (0.09
seconds)
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Velocity-temperature correlation in strongly heated channel flow
ING Wardana, T Ueda, M Mizomoto - Experiments in Fluids, 1995 - Springer
Abstract Velocity-temperature correlations in a strongly heated channel flow
were investigated
i
ti t d experimentally
i
t ll b
by a LDV and
d a resistance
i t
th
thermometer.
t Th
The wallll
heat flux is varied up to 50,000 W/m 2 with reference mean-velocity of 15 ...
Cited by 19 - Related articles - Web Search - BL Direct - All 4 versions
Structure of turbulent two-dimensional channel flow with strongly heated wall
ING Wardana,, T Ueda,, M Mizomoto - Experiments
p
in Fluids,, 1992 - Springer
p g
Abstract. A laser Doppler velocimeter and a resistance thermometer were used to
study velocity and temperature statistics in a strongly heated turbulent
two-dimensional channel flow, with the wall tem- perature up to 700 and a ...
Cited by 16 - Related articles - Web Search - All 3 versions
Effect of strong wall heating on turbulence statistics of a channel flow
ING Wardana, T Ueda, M Mizomoto - Experiments in Fluids, 1994 - Springer
Abstract Turbulence statistics of a channel flow with strong wall heating at
Reynolds number of 14, ooo were investigated experimentally. The statistical
quantities up to triple correlations were estimated, using data measured by ...
Cited by 13 - Related articles - Web Search - BL Direct - All 4 versions
Structure of grid turbulence through a heated screen
T UEDA, O HISAI, ING WARDANA, M MIZOMOTO - JSME international journal. Series 2,
Fluids engineering, …, 1992 - cat.inist.fr
Structure of grid turbulence through a heated screen. T UEDA, O HISAI,
ING WARDANA,
WARDANA M MIZOMOTO JSME international journal
journal. Series 2
2, Fluids
engineering, heat transfer, power, combustion, thermophysical ...
Cited by 5 - Related articles - Web Search - All 2 versions
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W.H. UTOMO
Cendekia Urutan 1 - 10 dari sekitar 1.020 hasil telusur. (0,07 dtk)
Tips: Telusuri laman berbahasa Bahasa Indonesia saja. Anda dapat menentukan bahasa
penelusuran
l
di Preferensi
P f
iC
Cendekia.
d ki
Soil friability
WH Utomo, AR Dexter - European Journal of Soil Science, 1981 - interscience.wiley.com
Summary Soil friability is defined and a method for its measurement is developed from the
theory of brittle fracture of soil aggregates
aggregates. The variation in friability with soil water content
is in good agreement with the results of tillage experiments done by earlier workers. It is
found that ...
Dinyatakan dengan 126 - Artikel terkait - 2 versi
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A comparison
i
off penetrometer
t
t pressures and
d the
th pressures exerted
t d by
b roots
t
GM Whiteley, WH Utomo, AR Dexter - Plant and Soil, 1981 - Springer
Previous work is reviewed in which the ratio of the pressures required for soil penetration
by roots and penetrometers are compared. It appears that this ratio can vary from about 2
to 8 depending
p
g on conditions. However, there is very
y little experimental
p
evidence and most
of the work ...
Dinyatakan dengan 67 - Artikel terkait - 3 versi
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Changes in soil aggregate water stability induced by wetting and drying cycles in
non-saturated soil
WH Utomo, AR Dexter - European Journal of Soil Science, 1982 - interscience.wiley.com
Wetting and drying of remoulded soil resulted in water stable aggregation. The greatest
proportions of water stable aggregates arose from wetting and drying in the - 1 to - 100
kPa range of matric water potential. The effect occurred with sterile and non-sterile soil.
b t the proportion ...
but
Dinyatakan dengan 63 - Artikel terkait
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Title: SOIL FRIABILITY
Author(s): UTOMO,
WH
Source: JOURNAL OF SOIL SCIENCE Volume: 32 Issue: 2 Pages: 203-213 Published: 1981
The above article has been cited by the articles listed below.
Note: The Times Cited count is calculated across all Web of Science editions. More information. Results: 100
Page of 10 Sort by:
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Subject Areas:
SOIL SCIENCE (82)AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING (6)AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
(6)GEOSCIENCES, MULTIDISCIPLINARY (5)AGRONOMY (4)
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1. Title: Impact of Soil Water Content and Core Sampler Diameter at Sampling for Dry Soil Fragment-Size
Distributions
Author(s): Diaz-Zorita M, Grove JH, Perfect ESource: COMMUNICATIONS IN SOIL SCIENCE AND PLANT
ANALYSIS Volume: 39 Issue: 17-18 Pages: 2752-2767 Published: 2008
Times Cited:
Cited 0
2. Title: Morphology, lacunarity and entropy of intra-aggregate pores: Aggregate size and soil management
effects
Author(s): Chun HC, Gimenez D, Yoon SWSource: GEODERMA Volume: 146 Issue: 1-2 Pages: 8393 Published: JUL 31 2008
Times Cited: 0
3. Title: Quantification of tensile strength and friability of an Oxisol (Acrudox) under no-tillage
Author(s): Tormena CA, Araujo MA, Fidalski J, et al.Source: REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE CIENCIA DO
SOLO Volume: 32 Issue: 3 Pages: 943-952 Published: MAY-JUN 2008
Times Cited: 0
4. Title: A simultaneous model for ultrasonic aggregate stability assessment
Author(s): Fristensky A, Grismer MESource: CATENA Volume: 74 Issue: 2 Pages: 153
153-164
164 Published:
JUL 15 2008
Times Cited: 0
5. Title: Tensile strength and friability of an oxisol under different land use systems
Author(s): Tormena CA, Fidalski J, Rossi WSource: REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE CIENCIA DO
SOLO Volume: 32 Issue: 1 Pages: 33-42 Published: JAN-FEB 2008
Times Cited: 0
Penulisan Artikel
1.
2.
3.
4
4.
5.
6.
7.
6.
Judul : menarik, berbeda dengan judul yang sudah banyak kalau perlu agak
bombastis.
Abstract: Merupakan bagian penting yg menentukan nilai jual artikel. Hrs
menggambarkan pentingnya artikel dan hasil yg penting
penting. Jangan memasukkan
pendahuluan dan metoda
Kata kunci: membantu/memperluas pengutipan, kdg-2 disarankan 3-4 kata di
luar judul
Pendah l an : Padat
Pendahuluan
Padat, lengkap , telah merangk
merangkum
m latar belakang
belakang,kepustakaan,
kep stakaan
dan tujuan penelitian
Metodologi : Padat tapi lengkap. Jika pembaca ingin melakukan
percobaan/pengukuran yang sama dapat melakukan tanpa harus tanya pada
penulis Metode analisis yang telah baku cukup ditulis metodenya saja
penulis.
saja, yang
belum baku ditulis agak rinci.
Hasil dan Pembahasan : Padat, kritis-analitis. Bukan hanya menyajikan hasil
tetapi juga membahas dan membandingkan dengan hasil peneliti/artikellain.
Jelas apa yang ingin ditonjolkan dalam tulisan tersebut
tersebut.
Kesimpulan/penutup. Padat, gayut dengan judul-pendahuluan, dan berasal dari
hasil yang telah dibahas sebelumnya (bab 4).
References: ikuti petunjuk/pedoman jurnal, keterbaruan, mudah ditelusuri
Abstract:
C
Concise,
i
explain
l i th
the objective
bj ti off th
the
research, short methodology, the important
result:
lt usually
ll 150 – 400 words
d ((according
di
to the Journal)
• Key words (aim): to broaden citation
citation, 5 – 7
words, not in the Topic
Introduction
1. Problem statement: the important of the
problem (support by data)
2. Theoritical consideration (support by
lit t )
literature)
3. Previous research (support by literature)
4. Novelty/originality/the objective of the
p
2 and 3))
research ((latest literature in point
• Materials and Methods
1 Valid and Reliable
1.
2. Clear but not too detailed: explained only
the principle; if the method is already
used as the standard method enough to
be shown the reference
3. Statistical analysis: Clear what the
analytical
l ti l tto b
be used
d
• Results and Discussion
1. Present in Table or Figure ?
2. In Figure, what the figures? histogram or
line? Do not duplicate Table and Figure
3 Explain the data in Table or Figure; clear
3.
enough but not too laborious
4 Discuss
4.
Di
th
the results
lt (b
(based
d on th
the
theoretical) and compare with the
other/previous
th /
i
works.
k
Kelemahan artikel
(penglmn sebagai penulis, editor, pembimbing dan reviewer)
Pendahuluan: Berisi pentingnya topik yang diteliti, pembuktian
b h
bahwa
masalah
l h yg dit
diteliti
liti memang masih
ih menjadi
j di
masalah, teori yang berhubungan dengan pasalah, hasil
penelitian/pengalaman terdahulu, keterbaruan apa yg
diteliti tujuan penelitian
diteliti,
Kelemahan
a. Perumusan masalah kurang tajam (tidak disertai
pendukung/literatur) kepentingan masalah kurang jelas
pendukung/literatur),
(tidak disertai pendukung/literatur)
b. Teori untuk menjelaskan penyebab/penyelesaian masalah
tidak ada/kurang relevant/kurang tajam/tidak ada
pendukung
c. Pengalaman/penelitian terdahulu tidak ada/kurang
relevant/keterbaruan/tidak ada pendukung
d. Keterbaruan atau sumbangan artikel/penelitian tidak
nampak
Effect of Different Cooling Method Due to the Width of
Reinforced Concrete Beam Burned in High Temperature
Many ttechniques
M
h i
f controlling
for
t lli or decreasing
d
i fire
fi iinfluence
fl
h d
has
developed
l
d llately.
t l Th
The development
d
l
t off this
thi
phenomena and dinamic of fire influence has carried out as on building protection and prediction of building
ability for holding fire. The existence of influence on heating and cooling process caused the concrete
structure will be wider crack for longer time and the concrete structure will be collapse by the end. Some
experiments had conducted with variety temperature and different watering process. It was intended to
observe how far their influence to crack width and in further it was known that the concrete structure can still
be used or not after burning process.
Concrete is a composite material and based on previous experiment presented that high temperature of
2000C did not decrease the srong pressure because there was fast treatment phenomena or accelerated
curing [1]. Hansen [2] described that there was some increasing on strong pressure of concrete if it was
heated in the temperature of 200-3000C, but it was more than 80% increasing of the first strong pressure if it
was heated until 4000C and 30% if it was heated until 7000C
7000C.
Partowiyatmo [1] had found a process to fix the breaking concrete caused by burning. He suggested process
of watering. This process intended to obtain the recovery of strong burning concrete so that the water
gathering in concrete and could be reacted to C2S and C3S on cement particle which was not reacted yet
eventhough with β C2S at cement because the concrete had been burned. Result of the reaction was SCH
) The watering
gp
proccess was satisfied due to the condition of concrete filling.
g There were some
and Ca ((OH)2.
methods of watering those were: 1) by using gunny sack that was putting concrete in water and then covering
in concrete column, 2) by interticing holes which could be obtained by water and then covering to the column,
and 3) by using sprinkler which was completed with controller of timer for efficiency. Partowiyatmo {1} also
presented after treatment process of watering, the recovery degree of concrete strength could reach 100%
compared to the concrete before burning. There are two main factors that was very influenced the recovery
process of concrete strength burning.
burning The first factor is concrete quality due to the compariosn of cooling
water and cement (ratio of water and cement: W/C), bigger W/C means as a value of cement which was
carried out yet in react by some manners and it was higher and faster on recovery degree of concrete. The
second factor was burning process of concrete. The longer time of concrete burning means longer and higher
neating and it needs lower recovery degree of concrete.
Bandingkan dengan:
The Characteristics of Rice Husk Biochar and Its Influence on the
Properties of Acid Sulfate Soils and Rice Growth in West Kalimantan
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1. Introduction
Increasing food production both to meet in-country requirements and to help the world overcome food
crises is one biochar, soil amendment, acid soils, rice straw, soil strength, CEC of the major issues facing
Indonesia today. However, good productive land is limited and has mostly been utilized either for food crop
production or other uses. The only available land for this purpose is that of acid sulfate soil, having a total
area of about 6.7 millions ha and is spread out in Sumatera, Kalimantan, and Papua (Widjaja-Adi et al.,
1992) These soils have a high iron sulfate mineral content of predominantly Pyrite
1992).
Pyrite, and when the soil is
drained it will release sulfuric acid, which in turn will release Fe, Al, and other heavy metals that are
dangerous for plants and other living organisms. When these soils are used for rice, Moore (1990) found
that the most important constraints were: (i) acidity (which includes the combined effects of pH, Al toxicity,
and P deficiency), and (ii) Fe stress (which is due to the combined effects of Fe toxicity and deficiencies of
other divalent cations such as Ca).
A common treatment to reduce the solubility of Al, Fe and other heavy metals in soil is to increase the soil
pH, which is mostly done by liming (Ahmad and Tan, 1982; Hakim et al., 1989; Haby, 2002). The ability of
liming to increase soil pH, decrease Al and Fe solubility, and increase crop yield is widely known
(Shamshuddin and Auxtero, 1991; Haby, 2002; Kadery, Brown et al., 2008). In Indonesia, the source of
lime materials exists mostly in Java, which is far from the location where the liming needs to be done.
Furthermore, liming only treats the symptoms of acid sulfate soils rather than the cause (Thomas et al.,
2003); therefore, the beneficial effects of liming are short lived, and it has to be done repeatedly
(Shamsuddin et al., 1998). This makes liming very expensive and it is often un-economic for small farmers
to obtain lime materials.
Lately, looking the recalcitrant C-organic in a black carbon material termed “biochar”, and lately many
scientists are interested in using this black carbon material as a soil amendment (Glasser et al., 2002;
T
Topolianz
li
ett al.,
l 2007
2007; W
Woolf,
lf 2008)
2008). Alth
Although
h th
there are still
till some objections
bj ti
(E
(Ernsting
ti and
d S
Smolker,
lk 2009
2009;
Senjen,2009), a lot of experimental results have indicated that biochar applications can improve soil
properties (Lehman et al., 2003; Liang et al., 2006; Chan et al., 2007) and increase crop yield (Yamato et
al., 2006; Chan et al., 2008 ). Chan et al. (2007) showed that biochar application had improved some
physical soil properties, such as increased soil aggregation, water holding capacity, and decreased soil
g An increase in saturated hydraulic
y
conductivity
y of upland
p
rice soil
strength.
The objective of the works reported here was to study the characteristics of biochar produced from rice
husk grown in acidic soil and its potential to improve the properties and productivity of acid sulfate soils
and the growth of lowland rice in West Kalimantan, Indonesia.
2. Bahan dan Metoda: harus jelas sehingga jika
orang lain akan melakukan penelitian
serupa bisa melakukannya tanp hrus
bertanya pd penulis (ttp jangan tll panjang)
Kelemahan:
a. Metodologi/Rancangan
M d l i/R
percobaan/
b
/ iinstrument
penelitian kurang jelas
b. Variabel yang diamati kurang relevan
pengamatan
g
kurang
g jjelas/tidak
c. Metoda p
valid/keterbaruan
d Analisis statistik kurang jelas/kurang tajam
d.
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Materials and Methods
The purpose of this study was to observe the effort to decrease concrete crack width
which was caused by normal temperature or high temperature on cooling condition
without and with watering in certaint time. The variety temperature was 200°C, 400°C,
600°C and observation was during 28 days.
The influence of temperature in concrete block
Riley, 1991 in Gani [3] said that crack would happen inside the mortar (pasta of
cement)
t) and
d around
d th
the agregate
t off particle
ti l att th
the ttemperature
t
b
between
t
300 tto 5000C
5000C,
while temperature of 300oC was as the limit of crack which happenned around the
agregate of particle.
Last report about test of building material after burning presented that the breaking
g results if there was
structure of concrete element would become worse after burning
apalling or getting peeled of concrete blanket. Concrete has increased the temperature
for heating, so water is contained in the holes and the concrete capilarry will be
stronger at temperature of 100oC for some water and calcium silicate (CaSi) as the
lack of water in cement pasta will disapear. It followed the lack of power. The increasing
on number of vapour
p
pressure in the holes caused explosive
p
p
spalling
p
g that is p
part of
concrete segment release from the surface and it happens at the temperature of 300 to
600oC. The next release will gradually be happened because there is formation of
concrete that will became weak and brittle at the temperature of 6000C.
Proof of strengthening concrete due to high temperature
Concrete was proved having ability for keeping its integrity and strength from time
to time [5]. At burning temperature, hot condition that was received by concrete in the
surface was different with in the middle one. So the breaking degree of concrete
sometimes only happens in the surface which is signed by hair crack. In this research,
the temperature of concrete will be homogen so the temperature in every concrete is so
good And the concrete will be through a process of heating and cooling one by one
good.
one.
Heat in the concrete will be directly accepted by concrete surface in every side, while
the temperature inside the concrete ( or middle) still be cool and it will cause damage in
concrete.
Bandingkan dengan:
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2. Materials and methods
2.1. Production and characterization of biochar
To ensure that the rice husk had come from the acid sulfate soil of West Kalimantan, Indonesia, we
h
harvested
t d it di
directly
tl th
the rice
i ffrom th
the fifield
ld and
d th
then b
brought
ht it ffor rice
i milling
illi tto gett th
the rice
i h
husk.
k Th
The rice
i
husk was then put in a piece of pyrolysis apparatus which consisted of a stainless reactor of 500mm
length with a 15cm inside diameter. The rice husk was then heated externally by an electric furnace
(5000 W) to a temperature of 600oC. The reactor for the biochar production is presented in Figure 1.The
Biochar was ground to pass through a 0.50 mm sieve……
2.2. Experimental setup
A glass house experiment was set up to study the effect of rice husk biochar on rice growth. The soil
used was collected from the experimental station of BPTP West Kalimantan in Sungai Kakap. Soil
samples were collected from depths of up to 20cm, and then dried, ground, and passed through a 2.0mm
sieve. 5kg of ground soil was then put in a plastic pot with an inside diameter of 30cm. The organic soil
amendments used were:
(1) No soil amendment, as the control (Co)
(2) Rice Straw (RS), 15 t/ha
(3) Rice husk (RH), 15 t/ha
(4) Rice husk ash (RHA), 10 t/ha
(5) Rice husk biochar (RHB)
(RHB), 10 t/ha
(6) Chromolaena odorata (Chr), 15 t/ha
These six treatments were arranged in Fully Randomized Design with 4 replications. The amount of soil
amendment applied was calculated based on the surface area of the plastic pot, and the amendments
were mixed to a 20cm depth, after which they were incubated at water content close to the field capacity
y
for 30 days.
2.3. Soil Analysis
Particle size analysis was performed by the pipette method (Soil Survey Laboratory Staff, 1992), and soil
bulk density was determined by the clod method as described by Blake and Harke (1986). Soil pH was
measured in 1:2.5 ratio soil solutions (with de-ionized water) with a pH meter (Jenway 3305). The
Walkley and Black wet oxidation method was used to determine organic C content (Soil Survey
L b t
Laboratory
St
Staff,
ff 1992.
1992 T
Total
t l N content
t t was measured
db
by th
the Kj
Kjeldhal
ldh l method
th d (B
(Bremner and
dM
Mulyaeny,
l
1982). Exchange Al3+ and Fe2+ were extracted with 1M KCl (Barnhisel and Bertsch, 1982). The CEC
was extracted with 1M NH4Oac (buffered at pH 7.0), and exchangeable base concentrations were
measured using AAS (Shimatzu).
The data was analusis …………………
3. Hasil dan Pembahasan: Ada narasi (penjelasan
dan interpretasi Tabel/Gb dan pembahasan: utj
membahas bisa dari hasil pengamatan/data
sendiri atau dari literatur)
Kelemahan:
a. Pemilihan
P ilih penyajian
ji (T
(Table,
bl G
Gambar,
b grafik,
fik
trend, histogram) kurang tepat
b. Gambar kurang jelas
c. Penjelasan hasil (Tabel/Gambar) kurang/tidak
ada/terlalu detail sehingga duplikasi dengan
Tabel/gambar
d. Pembahasan tidak ada/kurang
e. Wawasan kurang (pembandingan dgn penelitian
lain)
f. Satuan tidak mengikuti sistim yang dikehendaki
jurnal ybs
•
•
•
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Test of strength for concrete press
Concrete is tested by using compression testing machine, the test of
strong press in material test (cylinder) is carried out on the day of
7th, 14th day, 21th, and 28th and the results are presented as in
Table 1 until 4 below.
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Changing of physical concrete
Based on research result as shown in Table 1 intil 4 as above, it can be read globally
changing color which is happened in each material test in every temperature as
described in Table 5 below
below.
Table 5 changing colour in every temperature
Temperature
Changing colour
2000C
Grey to white
4000C
Grey to brown
6000C
Chocolate milk with dark red spots
Based on research result as above,
above damage on concrete in avery material test is
described as in Table 6 below.
Table 6 Damage on concrete
Manner of cooling
Temperature
Damage
General
2000C
Hair crack
4000C
Hair and big crack
6000C
Crack and peeling
watering
2000C
Hair crack
4000C
Hair and big
g crack
6000C
Peeling
Bandingkan dengan:
•
Results and Discussion
•
The effect of rice husk biochar and other soil amendments on the chemical properties of
acid sulfate soil in West Kalimantan is presented in Table 3. In general, application of
organic soil amendments significatly improved the chemical properties of acid sulfate soil.
There was an increase in soil organic matter content, soil pH, and CEC and a decrease in
exchangeable Al and soluble Fe. The results in Table 3 also show that application of
organic soil amendments increased the level of P, K and Ca, but did not significantly
influence the amount of Mg and Na.
•
Table 3
•
Rice husk ash and rice husk biochar had a high pH (Table 1); therefore, it is reasonable
that the soil treated with rice husk biochar and rice husk ash also had a high pH. This
results indicated that rice husk biochar could be used as a substitution for lime materials to
increase the pH of acidic soils. The increase in CEC of the soil with organic soil
amendments would p
probably
y be due to the negative
g
charge
g arising
g from the carboxyl
y
groups of the organic matter. The increase in CEC and soil pH with the addition of organic
matter has been shown elsewhere (see Bot and Benites, 2005). Biochar has a high CEC
(see Table 1), and with its high recalcitrance (Glaser et al., 2002), it is reasonable that soil
applied with biochar had the highest CEC. An increase in soil CEC with the application of
biochar has also been shown byy Chan et al. ((2007))
The increase in elemental plant nutrients P, K, and Ca is as a result of addition of plant
nutrients in the organic soil amendments as has been suggested by Ponamperuma (1982).
For the P nutrient, however, this increase could have also been as a result of increasing the
soil pH due to rice husk ash or rice husk biochar application. It is interesting to note that,
although the C-organic
C organic content in rice husk biochar is lower than that of rice straw or rice
husk, the highest level of soil organic matter was observed in rice husk biochar tretaed soil.
This phenomenon indicated the recalcitrance of C-organic in rice husk biochar as has been
suggested by many researchers (e.g. Glasser et al. 2002; Lehman et al., 2003; Rondon et
al., 2007)
•
•
Kesimpulan dan saran : harus gayut
dengan judul pendahuluan dan
menekankan hasil utama
• Kelemahan:
K l
h
a. Tidak gayut dengan judul dan pendahuluan
b. Terlalu singkat atau sebaliknya terlalu rinci
c Saran diambil bukan dari hasil dan
c.
pembahasan
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
CONCLUSION
Based on analysis as above, it is concluded that
Average of crack width on block concrete at variety temperature of
200°C, 400°C, and 600°C with normal cooling treatment are: at
temperature of 200°C is 0.22 mm, 400°C is 0.283 mm, an 600°C is
0 3267 mm
0.3267
mm.
The average of crack width of block concrete at vairety temperature
of 200°C, 400°C, and 600°C with cooling watering treatment are at
temperature of 200°C is 0.1767 mm, 400°C is 0.1967 mm, and
600°C is 0
0.283
283 mm
mm.
The process of concrete beams cooling (normal cooling and
watering cooling) indicated that cooling time and burning concrete
temperature is influence the crack width when burdening
Cooling treatment to the concrete with watering can increase the
concrete recovery degree that is about 0.195% at temperature of
200°C; 0.304% at temperature of 400°C and 0.135 at temperatue of
600
600°
Judul: Effect of Different Cooling Method Due to the Width of
Reinforced Concrete Beam Burned in High Temperature
Bandingkan dengan:
•
•
•
•
•
4. Conclusion
4
C
l i
The experimental results of biochar made from rice husk grown in acid
sulfate soil had a characteristics of ………..
Application of rice husk biochar and other organic soil amendment
applications improve some properties of the acid sulfate soil of West
Kalimantan, Indonesia, namely: decreasing soil bulk density, soil
strength, exchangeable Al, and soluble Fe, and increasing soil pH, soil
organic matter,
matter total P
P, CEC
CEC, exchangeable K
K, and exchangeable Ca
Ca.
The improvement of soil properties with organic soil amendment
applications resulted in an improvement of rice growth as shown by an
increase in plant height, number of tillers, and dry biomass. A significant
negative correlation occurred between dry biomass and exchangeable
Al, soluble Fe, and soil strength; and a significant positive correlation
occurred between dry biomass, soil organic matter, and total P.
Judul: The Characteristics of Rice Husk Biochar and Its Influence
on the
th Properties
P
ti off Acid
A id Sulfate
S lf t Soils
S il and
d Rice
Ri Growth
G
th in
i West
W t
Kalimantan
•
•
a.
b.
c.
d
d.
e.
References: Gunakan prinsip relevansi, keterbaruan,
artikel di Jurnal
Jurnal, dapat dilacak secara online
online, ikuti
pedoman jurnal ybs dan regerence yg ada di teks
harus sama dgn di daftar reference
K l
Kelemahan
h
References didalam teks tidak sama dengan di daftar
references
Kurang relevan/keterbaruan
Tidak dapat dilacak
M
Menggunakan
k references
f
yang tidak
tid k seharusnya
h
(diktat kuliah, pustaka dalam artikel penulis lain)
Penulisan tidak mengikuti format jurnal ybs
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
REFERENCES
P
Purtowiyatmo,
i
A
Amir.
i 2003
Hansen, T C. 1976, Text Book on Concrete Technology , Directorate
of Building Research, Bandung Indonesia
Gani M
Gani,
M.S.J.
S J 1997.
1997 Cement and Concrete,
Concrete Faculty of Engineering
Monash University, Clayton Victoria Australia.
Anonim. 1998. Laporan Akhir Pengujian Material Pasca bakar,
Laboratorium Managemen dan Rekayasa Konstruksi, ITB, Bandung.
S l d
Saelan
dan Wibi
Wibisono. 2005.
2005 Pengaruh
P
hK
Kadar
d S
Semen T
Terhadap
h d
Ketahanan Beton Terhadap Api, Jurnal TEKNIK SIPIL, Vol.3 ,No 2,
2005.
y, W.H & Bungey,
g y, J.H. 1989. Perencanaan Beton Bertulang,
g,
Mosley,
Edisi III,
Kelemahan ….. (lanjutan)
•
Abstrack: bukan ringkasan
ringkasan, memuat
tujuan penelitian, rancangan perc, hasil
yg penting
Kelemahan
a. Rancu
R
d
dengan ringkasan
i k
b. Terlalu singkat/terlalu rinci
c. Kurang penekanan pada hasil penelitian
d Terlalu banyak angka/tidak ada angka
d.
•
•
Abstract
Fire disaster on building structure at some big cities is still happened due to
that fire is one of high risk failure of structure. Fire can be as a burden
thermal which did not want and be hoped on structure buiding, and the
temperature has tendency so high and increasing in a short time. There is
influence of hot cycle and fast cooling will cause the concrete structure
crack and become wider until the concrete structure will be collapse at the
end. This study discussed about the power of concrete structure especially
the comparison of wide crack of reinforced concrete beam and natural
concrete beam due to higher temperature of fire with the difference cooling
process and
d watering.
t i
Th methodology
The
th d l
consisted
i t d off experiment
i
t using
i
cooling process as normal watering process (or cooling without watering)
and cooling by watering. This experiment was carried out by trial kinds
temperature of 200°C, 400°C, and 600°C with factor of cement water was
steady in 28 days and then carried out watering process after the concrete
was burned until 1000°C with dimension of 1m x 1m x 1m. The next step
was cooling without and with watering for the block with the dimension of 75
cm x 15 cm x 15 cm. Crack Detector Microscope was used to detect crack
width in every burden of LCD adding. Results showed that there was
significant
i ifi
t difference
diff
concrete
t crackk width
idth att every higher
hi h ttemperature.
t
Cooling process could recover the concrete beam.
Bandingkan dengan:
•
Abstract
•
The experiments
Th
i
t were carried
i d outt to
t study
t d the
th characteristics
h
t i ti off
biochar made from rice husk and its potential as a soil amendment in
acid soils. Biochar was produced by pyrolysis; after which it was
applied as a soil amendment. The soil was incubated for 30 days, and
th it was planted
then
l t d with
ith rice.
i
F
For comparison,
i
soilil was applied
li d with:
ith
rice straw, rice husk, rice husk ash, Chromolaena odorata biomass,
and no soil amendment. The experiment was caaried out in a green
house used Fully Rancomized Design with 3 replication. was The
characteristics
h
t i ti off bi
biochar
h were: water
t content
t t4
4.96%,
96% pH
H8
8.70,
70 C
18.72%, P 0.12%, CEC 17.57cmol kg-1, K 0.20%, Ca 0.41%, Mg
0.62%, and Na 1.40%. Application of biochar decreased soil bulk
density, soil strength, exchangeable Al, and soluble Fe and increased
porosity,
it available
il bl soilil water
t content,
t t C
C-organic,
i soilil pH,
H available
il bl P
P,
CEC, exchangeable K, and Ca. Out of these improvements, only soil
carbon, phosphorus, exchangeable Al, soluble Fe, and soil strength
significantly influenced rice biomass
Keywords: biochar, soil amendment, rice straw, soil strength, CEC
INTERNASIONAL YANG BAIK
Wani Hadi Utomo
Mengapa dosen perlu menulis (Phylosophy)
•
.
•
1.
2.
3.
4
4.
5.
6.
Bagi dosen:
1. kenaikkan pangkat dan/atau memenuhi tugas
2. mendapt/menjadi Peer review
3 meningkatkan kemampuan akademis
3.
4. memperkenalkan kemampuan diri dan meningkatkan daya saing
5. Mempermudah mendapatkan dana penelitian
6. Kalau di LN: “Publish or perish” (survive)
Bagi mahasiswa Pascasarjana:
1. persyaratan ujian/lulus
2. memperkenalkan kkemampuannya
Bagi Universitas: untuk menjadi universitas berkualitas/dikenal dunia
Tuntutan globalisasi
Persaingan lulusan untuk kerja
Persaingan mendapatkan bantuan dana
Persaingan memperoleh mahasiswa
mahasiswa, baik secara regional
regional, nasional dan internasional ( pd
th 2003 3,1 jt mhsw Int, th 2010 diperkiranak 5,8 jt, 2/3 berasal dari asia).
Dana pemerintah utk pendidikan terbatas
Banyak negara yg mentargetkan mhsw internasional sebagai sumber dana potential
Menulis pd Jurnal internasional mudah :
• Kunci utama:
1. Kemauan
2 Kerja keras
2.
keras,kerja
kerja keras dan kerja keras
3. tidak mudah menyerah
4 Mengetahui
4.
M
t h i kke jjurnall mana artikel
tik l
ditujukan ( jurnal kelas 1, kelas 2 dan
kelas 3 )
5.Memahami dan mengikuti persyaratan
jurnal yang dituju
• Perbedaan menulis artikel untuk Jurnal
ilmiah dan laporan : tulisan harus ringkas,
padat tetapi tetap harus lengkap dan
padat,
jelas. Artinya pembaca mengerti apa yang
ditulis tanpa harus bertanya kepada
penulisnya, dan jika pembaca ingin
menguji/melakukan penelitian yang sama
sama,
dengan membaca artikel tersebut
pembaca telah dapat melakukannya
melakukannya.
•
1
1.
2.
3.
Agar tulisan diterima disuatu Jurnal :
Mengetahui ke Journal mana artikel dikirimkan
Sesuai dengan mandat Jurnal ybs.
Memahami dan mengikuti prasyarat penulisan.
- format
- teknik penyajian (hurup, spasi, tabel, satuan,
dan gambar, kepustakaan )
3. Keterbaruan (termasuk pustaka); sajikan
pustaka yang dapat ditelusuri
4. Kritis dan analitis (dalam hasil dan
pembahasan)
5. Kesinambungan antara judul-pendahuluan
hasil-kesimpulan.
• Mengapa perlu menulis yang baik
1. Penerbitan artikel di suatu Jurnal tdk berarti bhw
penulisnya
li
tlh b
berkualitas
k lit (b
(banyak
k artikel
tik l sampah)
h)
2. Untuk dosen UB: penentuan insentif, Utk mhsw
Pasca Sarjana: penentuan dpt tidaknya digunakan
sebagai syarat/pengganti ujian
y
y
3. Kualitas artikel ditentukan oleh banyaknya
pengguna artikel tersebut (Citation)
4. Banyak reviewer yang kurang kompeten
5. Banyak reviewer menggunakan standard ganda
6. Untuk kenaikan pangkat perlu artikel yang baik
(dampaknya bkn hanya pada ybs, tp pd Jurnal ybs)
7. Bagi UB, yang lebih penting adalah “citation”.
Sitasi bkn berdasarkan kualitas jurnal tetapi
kualitas artikel
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Sukoharsono, EG
Cendekia
Urutan 1 - 10 dari sekitar 16 hasil telusur. (0,10 dtk).
The Genesis of Accounting in Indonesia: The Dutch Colonialism in the Early 17th
Century
EG Sukoharsono… - The Indonesian Journal of Accounting and …, 1993
Dinyatakan dengan 8 - Artikel terkait
[PDF] Accounting in A Historical Transition: A Shifting Dominant belief from Hindu
to Islamic Administration in Indonesia
EG Sukoharsono - 2nd Asia-Pacific Interdisciplinary …, 1998 - commerce.adelaide.edu.au
Acknowledgements: I am grateful to Professor MJR Gaffikin for his helpful advice in
completing this paper. I also would like to thank the Malangkucecwara College of
Economics for the necessary
to conduct the research. ... *) This paper is prepared for theAsia-Pacific Interdisciplinary ...
Dinyatakan dengan 5 - Artikel terkait - Versi HTML - 4 versi
The Boom of Colonial Investment: Dutch Political Power in the History of Capital in
I d
Indonesia
i
EG Sukoharsono - 5th Interdisciplinary Perspectives on Accounting …, 1997
Dinyatakan dengan 2 - Artikel terkait - 2 versi
Accounting in the Coming of Islam: Early Ritual and Administrative Affairs in
Indonesia
EG Sukoharsono - New York Conference on Interdisciplinary Accounting …
Dinyatakan dengan 1 - Artikel terkait
EKO HANDAYANTO
•
•
Cendekia Urutan 1 - 10 dari sekitar 447 hasil telusur. (0,09 dtk)
Tips: Telusuri laman berbahasa Bahasa Indonesia saja. Anda dapat menentukan bahasa
penelusuran di Preferensi Cendekia
Cendekia.
Nitrogen release from prunings of legume hedgerow trees in relation to quality of the
prunings and incubation method
E Handayanto, G Cadisch, KE Giller - Plant and Soil, 1994 - Springer
E. HANDAYANTO 1
1'2,
2, G. CADISCH 1 and KE GILLER 1 IDepartment of Biological Sciences,
Wye College, University of London, Wye, Ashford, Kent TN25 5AH UK and 2Fakultas
Pertanian, Universitas Brawijaya, Malang 65145, Indonesia ... Received 3 August 1993. ...
Dinyatakan dengan 113 - Artikel terkait - 5 versi
•
Regulating N release from legume tree prunings by mixing residues of different quality
E Handayanto, KE Giller, G Cadisch - Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 1997 - Elsevier
In an attempt to regulate the rate of N mineralization from legume tree prunings by manipulating
the quality of the prunings, a low-quality legume tree pruning (Peltophorum dasyrrachis) was
mixed at various proportions with a high quality legume tree pruning (Gliricidia sepium). N .
Di
Dinyatakan
t k d
dengan 82 - Artikel
A tik l tterkait
k it - 5 versii
•
Manipulation of quality and mineralization of tropical legume tree prunings by varying
nitrogen supply
E Handayanto,
Handayanto G Cadisch,
Cadisch KE Giller - Plant and Soil
Soil, 1995 - Springer
Plant and Soil 176: 149-160, 1995. (~) 1995 Kluwer Academic Publishers. Printed in the
Netherlands. ... Manipulation of quality and mineralization of tropical legume tree prunings by
varying nitrogen supply ... E. Handayanto 1'2, G. Cadisch 1 and KE Giller 1 l Department
Dinyatakan dengan 59 - Artikel terkait - 2 versi
•
•
WARDANA
Google Scholar Results 1 - 9 of 9 for wardana ing author:i-wardana. (0.09
seconds)
•
Velocity-temperature correlation in strongly heated channel flow
ING Wardana, T Ueda, M Mizomoto - Experiments in Fluids, 1995 - Springer
Abstract Velocity-temperature correlations in a strongly heated channel flow
were investigated
i
ti t d experimentally
i
t ll b
by a LDV and
d a resistance
i t
th
thermometer.
t Th
The wallll
heat flux is varied up to 50,000 W/m 2 with reference mean-velocity of 15 ...
Cited by 19 - Related articles - Web Search - BL Direct - All 4 versions
Structure of turbulent two-dimensional channel flow with strongly heated wall
ING Wardana,, T Ueda,, M Mizomoto - Experiments
p
in Fluids,, 1992 - Springer
p g
Abstract. A laser Doppler velocimeter and a resistance thermometer were used to
study velocity and temperature statistics in a strongly heated turbulent
two-dimensional channel flow, with the wall tem- perature up to 700 and a ...
Cited by 16 - Related articles - Web Search - All 3 versions
Effect of strong wall heating on turbulence statistics of a channel flow
ING Wardana, T Ueda, M Mizomoto - Experiments in Fluids, 1994 - Springer
Abstract Turbulence statistics of a channel flow with strong wall heating at
Reynolds number of 14, ooo were investigated experimentally. The statistical
quantities up to triple correlations were estimated, using data measured by ...
Cited by 13 - Related articles - Web Search - BL Direct - All 4 versions
Structure of grid turbulence through a heated screen
T UEDA, O HISAI, ING WARDANA, M MIZOMOTO - JSME international journal. Series 2,
Fluids engineering, …, 1992 - cat.inist.fr
Structure of grid turbulence through a heated screen. T UEDA, O HISAI,
ING WARDANA,
WARDANA M MIZOMOTO JSME international journal
journal. Series 2
2, Fluids
engineering, heat transfer, power, combustion, thermophysical ...
Cited by 5 - Related articles - Web Search - All 2 versions
•
•
•
•
•
•
W.H. UTOMO
Cendekia Urutan 1 - 10 dari sekitar 1.020 hasil telusur. (0,07 dtk)
Tips: Telusuri laman berbahasa Bahasa Indonesia saja. Anda dapat menentukan bahasa
penelusuran
l
di Preferensi
P f
iC
Cendekia.
d ki
Soil friability
WH Utomo, AR Dexter - European Journal of Soil Science, 1981 - interscience.wiley.com
Summary Soil friability is defined and a method for its measurement is developed from the
theory of brittle fracture of soil aggregates
aggregates. The variation in friability with soil water content
is in good agreement with the results of tillage experiments done by earlier workers. It is
found that ...
Dinyatakan dengan 126 - Artikel terkait - 2 versi
•
A comparison
i
off penetrometer
t
t pressures and
d the
th pressures exerted
t d by
b roots
t
GM Whiteley, WH Utomo, AR Dexter - Plant and Soil, 1981 - Springer
Previous work is reviewed in which the ratio of the pressures required for soil penetration
by roots and penetrometers are compared. It appears that this ratio can vary from about 2
to 8 depending
p
g on conditions. However, there is very
y little experimental
p
evidence and most
of the work ...
Dinyatakan dengan 67 - Artikel terkait - 3 versi
•
Changes in soil aggregate water stability induced by wetting and drying cycles in
non-saturated soil
WH Utomo, AR Dexter - European Journal of Soil Science, 1982 - interscience.wiley.com
Wetting and drying of remoulded soil resulted in water stable aggregation. The greatest
proportions of water stable aggregates arose from wetting and drying in the - 1 to - 100
kPa range of matric water potential. The effect occurred with sterile and non-sterile soil.
b t the proportion ...
but
Dinyatakan dengan 63 - Artikel terkait
•
•
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Title: SOIL FRIABILITY
Author(s): UTOMO,
WH
Source: JOURNAL OF SOIL SCIENCE Volume: 32 Issue: 2 Pages: 203-213 Published: 1981
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ANALYSIS Volume: 39 Issue: 17-18 Pages: 2752-2767 Published: 2008
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Penulisan Artikel
1.
2.
3.
4
4.
5.
6.
7.
6.
Judul : menarik, berbeda dengan judul yang sudah banyak kalau perlu agak
bombastis.
Abstract: Merupakan bagian penting yg menentukan nilai jual artikel. Hrs
menggambarkan pentingnya artikel dan hasil yg penting
penting. Jangan memasukkan
pendahuluan dan metoda
Kata kunci: membantu/memperluas pengutipan, kdg-2 disarankan 3-4 kata di
luar judul
Pendah l an : Padat
Pendahuluan
Padat, lengkap , telah merangk
merangkum
m latar belakang
belakang,kepustakaan,
kep stakaan
dan tujuan penelitian
Metodologi : Padat tapi lengkap. Jika pembaca ingin melakukan
percobaan/pengukuran yang sama dapat melakukan tanpa harus tanya pada
penulis Metode analisis yang telah baku cukup ditulis metodenya saja
penulis.
saja, yang
belum baku ditulis agak rinci.
Hasil dan Pembahasan : Padat, kritis-analitis. Bukan hanya menyajikan hasil
tetapi juga membahas dan membandingkan dengan hasil peneliti/artikellain.
Jelas apa yang ingin ditonjolkan dalam tulisan tersebut
tersebut.
Kesimpulan/penutup. Padat, gayut dengan judul-pendahuluan, dan berasal dari
hasil yang telah dibahas sebelumnya (bab 4).
References: ikuti petunjuk/pedoman jurnal, keterbaruan, mudah ditelusuri
Abstract:
C
Concise,
i
explain
l i th
the objective
bj ti off th
the
research, short methodology, the important
result:
lt usually
ll 150 – 400 words
d ((according
di
to the Journal)
• Key words (aim): to broaden citation
citation, 5 – 7
words, not in the Topic
Introduction
1. Problem statement: the important of the
problem (support by data)
2. Theoritical consideration (support by
lit t )
literature)
3. Previous research (support by literature)
4. Novelty/originality/the objective of the
p
2 and 3))
research ((latest literature in point
• Materials and Methods
1 Valid and Reliable
1.
2. Clear but not too detailed: explained only
the principle; if the method is already
used as the standard method enough to
be shown the reference
3. Statistical analysis: Clear what the
analytical
l ti l tto b
be used
d
• Results and Discussion
1. Present in Table or Figure ?
2. In Figure, what the figures? histogram or
line? Do not duplicate Table and Figure
3 Explain the data in Table or Figure; clear
3.
enough but not too laborious
4 Discuss
4.
Di
th
the results
lt (b
(based
d on th
the
theoretical) and compare with the
other/previous
th /
i
works.
k
Kelemahan artikel
(penglmn sebagai penulis, editor, pembimbing dan reviewer)
Pendahuluan: Berisi pentingnya topik yang diteliti, pembuktian
b h
bahwa
masalah
l h yg dit
diteliti
liti memang masih
ih menjadi
j di
masalah, teori yang berhubungan dengan pasalah, hasil
penelitian/pengalaman terdahulu, keterbaruan apa yg
diteliti tujuan penelitian
diteliti,
Kelemahan
a. Perumusan masalah kurang tajam (tidak disertai
pendukung/literatur) kepentingan masalah kurang jelas
pendukung/literatur),
(tidak disertai pendukung/literatur)
b. Teori untuk menjelaskan penyebab/penyelesaian masalah
tidak ada/kurang relevant/kurang tajam/tidak ada
pendukung
c. Pengalaman/penelitian terdahulu tidak ada/kurang
relevant/keterbaruan/tidak ada pendukung
d. Keterbaruan atau sumbangan artikel/penelitian tidak
nampak
Effect of Different Cooling Method Due to the Width of
Reinforced Concrete Beam Burned in High Temperature
Many ttechniques
M
h i
f controlling
for
t lli or decreasing
d
i fire
fi iinfluence
fl
h d
has
developed
l
d llately.
t l Th
The development
d
l
t off this
thi
phenomena and dinamic of fire influence has carried out as on building protection and prediction of building
ability for holding fire. The existence of influence on heating and cooling process caused the concrete
structure will be wider crack for longer time and the concrete structure will be collapse by the end. Some
experiments had conducted with variety temperature and different watering process. It was intended to
observe how far their influence to crack width and in further it was known that the concrete structure can still
be used or not after burning process.
Concrete is a composite material and based on previous experiment presented that high temperature of
2000C did not decrease the srong pressure because there was fast treatment phenomena or accelerated
curing [1]. Hansen [2] described that there was some increasing on strong pressure of concrete if it was
heated in the temperature of 200-3000C, but it was more than 80% increasing of the first strong pressure if it
was heated until 4000C and 30% if it was heated until 7000C
7000C.
Partowiyatmo [1] had found a process to fix the breaking concrete caused by burning. He suggested process
of watering. This process intended to obtain the recovery of strong burning concrete so that the water
gathering in concrete and could be reacted to C2S and C3S on cement particle which was not reacted yet
eventhough with β C2S at cement because the concrete had been burned. Result of the reaction was SCH
) The watering
gp
proccess was satisfied due to the condition of concrete filling.
g There were some
and Ca ((OH)2.
methods of watering those were: 1) by using gunny sack that was putting concrete in water and then covering
in concrete column, 2) by interticing holes which could be obtained by water and then covering to the column,
and 3) by using sprinkler which was completed with controller of timer for efficiency. Partowiyatmo {1} also
presented after treatment process of watering, the recovery degree of concrete strength could reach 100%
compared to the concrete before burning. There are two main factors that was very influenced the recovery
process of concrete strength burning.
burning The first factor is concrete quality due to the compariosn of cooling
water and cement (ratio of water and cement: W/C), bigger W/C means as a value of cement which was
carried out yet in react by some manners and it was higher and faster on recovery degree of concrete. The
second factor was burning process of concrete. The longer time of concrete burning means longer and higher
neating and it needs lower recovery degree of concrete.
Bandingkan dengan:
The Characteristics of Rice Husk Biochar and Its Influence on the
Properties of Acid Sulfate Soils and Rice Growth in West Kalimantan
•
•
•
•
•
1. Introduction
Increasing food production both to meet in-country requirements and to help the world overcome food
crises is one biochar, soil amendment, acid soils, rice straw, soil strength, CEC of the major issues facing
Indonesia today. However, good productive land is limited and has mostly been utilized either for food crop
production or other uses. The only available land for this purpose is that of acid sulfate soil, having a total
area of about 6.7 millions ha and is spread out in Sumatera, Kalimantan, and Papua (Widjaja-Adi et al.,
1992) These soils have a high iron sulfate mineral content of predominantly Pyrite
1992).
Pyrite, and when the soil is
drained it will release sulfuric acid, which in turn will release Fe, Al, and other heavy metals that are
dangerous for plants and other living organisms. When these soils are used for rice, Moore (1990) found
that the most important constraints were: (i) acidity (which includes the combined effects of pH, Al toxicity,
and P deficiency), and (ii) Fe stress (which is due to the combined effects of Fe toxicity and deficiencies of
other divalent cations such as Ca).
A common treatment to reduce the solubility of Al, Fe and other heavy metals in soil is to increase the soil
pH, which is mostly done by liming (Ahmad and Tan, 1982; Hakim et al., 1989; Haby, 2002). The ability of
liming to increase soil pH, decrease Al and Fe solubility, and increase crop yield is widely known
(Shamshuddin and Auxtero, 1991; Haby, 2002; Kadery, Brown et al., 2008). In Indonesia, the source of
lime materials exists mostly in Java, which is far from the location where the liming needs to be done.
Furthermore, liming only treats the symptoms of acid sulfate soils rather than the cause (Thomas et al.,
2003); therefore, the beneficial effects of liming are short lived, and it has to be done repeatedly
(Shamsuddin et al., 1998). This makes liming very expensive and it is often un-economic for small farmers
to obtain lime materials.
Lately, looking the recalcitrant C-organic in a black carbon material termed “biochar”, and lately many
scientists are interested in using this black carbon material as a soil amendment (Glasser et al., 2002;
T
Topolianz
li
ett al.,
l 2007
2007; W
Woolf,
lf 2008)
2008). Alth
Although
h th
there are still
till some objections
bj ti
(E
(Ernsting
ti and
d S
Smolker,
lk 2009
2009;
Senjen,2009), a lot of experimental results have indicated that biochar applications can improve soil
properties (Lehman et al., 2003; Liang et al., 2006; Chan et al., 2007) and increase crop yield (Yamato et
al., 2006; Chan et al., 2008 ). Chan et al. (2007) showed that biochar application had improved some
physical soil properties, such as increased soil aggregation, water holding capacity, and decreased soil
g An increase in saturated hydraulic
y
conductivity
y of upland
p
rice soil
strength.
The objective of the works reported here was to study the characteristics of biochar produced from rice
husk grown in acidic soil and its potential to improve the properties and productivity of acid sulfate soils
and the growth of lowland rice in West Kalimantan, Indonesia.
2. Bahan dan Metoda: harus jelas sehingga jika
orang lain akan melakukan penelitian
serupa bisa melakukannya tanp hrus
bertanya pd penulis (ttp jangan tll panjang)
Kelemahan:
a. Metodologi/Rancangan
M d l i/R
percobaan/
b
/ iinstrument
penelitian kurang jelas
b. Variabel yang diamati kurang relevan
pengamatan
g
kurang
g jjelas/tidak
c. Metoda p
valid/keterbaruan
d Analisis statistik kurang jelas/kurang tajam
d.
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Materials and Methods
The purpose of this study was to observe the effort to decrease concrete crack width
which was caused by normal temperature or high temperature on cooling condition
without and with watering in certaint time. The variety temperature was 200°C, 400°C,
600°C and observation was during 28 days.
The influence of temperature in concrete block
Riley, 1991 in Gani [3] said that crack would happen inside the mortar (pasta of
cement)
t) and
d around
d th
the agregate
t off particle
ti l att th
the ttemperature
t
b
between
t
300 tto 5000C
5000C,
while temperature of 300oC was as the limit of crack which happenned around the
agregate of particle.
Last report about test of building material after burning presented that the breaking
g results if there was
structure of concrete element would become worse after burning
apalling or getting peeled of concrete blanket. Concrete has increased the temperature
for heating, so water is contained in the holes and the concrete capilarry will be
stronger at temperature of 100oC for some water and calcium silicate (CaSi) as the
lack of water in cement pasta will disapear. It followed the lack of power. The increasing
on number of vapour
p
pressure in the holes caused explosive
p
p
spalling
p
g that is p
part of
concrete segment release from the surface and it happens at the temperature of 300 to
600oC. The next release will gradually be happened because there is formation of
concrete that will became weak and brittle at the temperature of 6000C.
Proof of strengthening concrete due to high temperature
Concrete was proved having ability for keeping its integrity and strength from time
to time [5]. At burning temperature, hot condition that was received by concrete in the
surface was different with in the middle one. So the breaking degree of concrete
sometimes only happens in the surface which is signed by hair crack. In this research,
the temperature of concrete will be homogen so the temperature in every concrete is so
good And the concrete will be through a process of heating and cooling one by one
good.
one.
Heat in the concrete will be directly accepted by concrete surface in every side, while
the temperature inside the concrete ( or middle) still be cool and it will cause damage in
concrete.
Bandingkan dengan:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
2. Materials and methods
2.1. Production and characterization of biochar
To ensure that the rice husk had come from the acid sulfate soil of West Kalimantan, Indonesia, we
h
harvested
t d it di
directly
tl th
the rice
i ffrom th
the fifield
ld and
d th
then b
brought
ht it ffor rice
i milling
illi tto gett th
the rice
i h
husk.
k Th
The rice
i
husk was then put in a piece of pyrolysis apparatus which consisted of a stainless reactor of 500mm
length with a 15cm inside diameter. The rice husk was then heated externally by an electric furnace
(5000 W) to a temperature of 600oC. The reactor for the biochar production is presented in Figure 1.The
Biochar was ground to pass through a 0.50 mm sieve……
2.2. Experimental setup
A glass house experiment was set up to study the effect of rice husk biochar on rice growth. The soil
used was collected from the experimental station of BPTP West Kalimantan in Sungai Kakap. Soil
samples were collected from depths of up to 20cm, and then dried, ground, and passed through a 2.0mm
sieve. 5kg of ground soil was then put in a plastic pot with an inside diameter of 30cm. The organic soil
amendments used were:
(1) No soil amendment, as the control (Co)
(2) Rice Straw (RS), 15 t/ha
(3) Rice husk (RH), 15 t/ha
(4) Rice husk ash (RHA), 10 t/ha
(5) Rice husk biochar (RHB)
(RHB), 10 t/ha
(6) Chromolaena odorata (Chr), 15 t/ha
These six treatments were arranged in Fully Randomized Design with 4 replications. The amount of soil
amendment applied was calculated based on the surface area of the plastic pot, and the amendments
were mixed to a 20cm depth, after which they were incubated at water content close to the field capacity
y
for 30 days.
2.3. Soil Analysis
Particle size analysis was performed by the pipette method (Soil Survey Laboratory Staff, 1992), and soil
bulk density was determined by the clod method as described by Blake and Harke (1986). Soil pH was
measured in 1:2.5 ratio soil solutions (with de-ionized water) with a pH meter (Jenway 3305). The
Walkley and Black wet oxidation method was used to determine organic C content (Soil Survey
L b t
Laboratory
St
Staff,
ff 1992.
1992 T
Total
t l N content
t t was measured
db
by th
the Kj
Kjeldhal
ldh l method
th d (B
(Bremner and
dM
Mulyaeny,
l
1982). Exchange Al3+ and Fe2+ were extracted with 1M KCl (Barnhisel and Bertsch, 1982). The CEC
was extracted with 1M NH4Oac (buffered at pH 7.0), and exchangeable base concentrations were
measured using AAS (Shimatzu).
The data was analusis …………………
3. Hasil dan Pembahasan: Ada narasi (penjelasan
dan interpretasi Tabel/Gb dan pembahasan: utj
membahas bisa dari hasil pengamatan/data
sendiri atau dari literatur)
Kelemahan:
a. Pemilihan
P ilih penyajian
ji (T
(Table,
bl G
Gambar,
b grafik,
fik
trend, histogram) kurang tepat
b. Gambar kurang jelas
c. Penjelasan hasil (Tabel/Gambar) kurang/tidak
ada/terlalu detail sehingga duplikasi dengan
Tabel/gambar
d. Pembahasan tidak ada/kurang
e. Wawasan kurang (pembandingan dgn penelitian
lain)
f. Satuan tidak mengikuti sistim yang dikehendaki
jurnal ybs
•
•
•
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Test of strength for concrete press
Concrete is tested by using compression testing machine, the test of
strong press in material test (cylinder) is carried out on the day of
7th, 14th day, 21th, and 28th and the results are presented as in
Table 1 until 4 below.
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Changing of physical concrete
Based on research result as shown in Table 1 intil 4 as above, it can be read globally
changing color which is happened in each material test in every temperature as
described in Table 5 below
below.
Table 5 changing colour in every temperature
Temperature
Changing colour
2000C
Grey to white
4000C
Grey to brown
6000C
Chocolate milk with dark red spots
Based on research result as above,
above damage on concrete in avery material test is
described as in Table 6 below.
Table 6 Damage on concrete
Manner of cooling
Temperature
Damage
General
2000C
Hair crack
4000C
Hair and big crack
6000C
Crack and peeling
watering
2000C
Hair crack
4000C
Hair and big
g crack
6000C
Peeling
Bandingkan dengan:
•
Results and Discussion
•
The effect of rice husk biochar and other soil amendments on the chemical properties of
acid sulfate soil in West Kalimantan is presented in Table 3. In general, application of
organic soil amendments significatly improved the chemical properties of acid sulfate soil.
There was an increase in soil organic matter content, soil pH, and CEC and a decrease in
exchangeable Al and soluble Fe. The results in Table 3 also show that application of
organic soil amendments increased the level of P, K and Ca, but did not significantly
influence the amount of Mg and Na.
•
Table 3
•
Rice husk ash and rice husk biochar had a high pH (Table 1); therefore, it is reasonable
that the soil treated with rice husk biochar and rice husk ash also had a high pH. This
results indicated that rice husk biochar could be used as a substitution for lime materials to
increase the pH of acidic soils. The increase in CEC of the soil with organic soil
amendments would p
probably
y be due to the negative
g
charge
g arising
g from the carboxyl
y
groups of the organic matter. The increase in CEC and soil pH with the addition of organic
matter has been shown elsewhere (see Bot and Benites, 2005). Biochar has a high CEC
(see Table 1), and with its high recalcitrance (Glaser et al., 2002), it is reasonable that soil
applied with biochar had the highest CEC. An increase in soil CEC with the application of
biochar has also been shown byy Chan et al. ((2007))
The increase in elemental plant nutrients P, K, and Ca is as a result of addition of plant
nutrients in the organic soil amendments as has been suggested by Ponamperuma (1982).
For the P nutrient, however, this increase could have also been as a result of increasing the
soil pH due to rice husk ash or rice husk biochar application. It is interesting to note that,
although the C-organic
C organic content in rice husk biochar is lower than that of rice straw or rice
husk, the highest level of soil organic matter was observed in rice husk biochar tretaed soil.
This phenomenon indicated the recalcitrance of C-organic in rice husk biochar as has been
suggested by many researchers (e.g. Glasser et al. 2002; Lehman et al., 2003; Rondon et
al., 2007)
•
•
Kesimpulan dan saran : harus gayut
dengan judul pendahuluan dan
menekankan hasil utama
• Kelemahan:
K l
h
a. Tidak gayut dengan judul dan pendahuluan
b. Terlalu singkat atau sebaliknya terlalu rinci
c Saran diambil bukan dari hasil dan
c.
pembahasan
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
CONCLUSION
Based on analysis as above, it is concluded that
Average of crack width on block concrete at variety temperature of
200°C, 400°C, and 600°C with normal cooling treatment are: at
temperature of 200°C is 0.22 mm, 400°C is 0.283 mm, an 600°C is
0 3267 mm
0.3267
mm.
The average of crack width of block concrete at vairety temperature
of 200°C, 400°C, and 600°C with cooling watering treatment are at
temperature of 200°C is 0.1767 mm, 400°C is 0.1967 mm, and
600°C is 0
0.283
283 mm
mm.
The process of concrete beams cooling (normal cooling and
watering cooling) indicated that cooling time and burning concrete
temperature is influence the crack width when burdening
Cooling treatment to the concrete with watering can increase the
concrete recovery degree that is about 0.195% at temperature of
200°C; 0.304% at temperature of 400°C and 0.135 at temperatue of
600
600°
Judul: Effect of Different Cooling Method Due to the Width of
Reinforced Concrete Beam Burned in High Temperature
Bandingkan dengan:
•
•
•
•
•
4. Conclusion
4
C
l i
The experimental results of biochar made from rice husk grown in acid
sulfate soil had a characteristics of ………..
Application of rice husk biochar and other organic soil amendment
applications improve some properties of the acid sulfate soil of West
Kalimantan, Indonesia, namely: decreasing soil bulk density, soil
strength, exchangeable Al, and soluble Fe, and increasing soil pH, soil
organic matter,
matter total P
P, CEC
CEC, exchangeable K
K, and exchangeable Ca
Ca.
The improvement of soil properties with organic soil amendment
applications resulted in an improvement of rice growth as shown by an
increase in plant height, number of tillers, and dry biomass. A significant
negative correlation occurred between dry biomass and exchangeable
Al, soluble Fe, and soil strength; and a significant positive correlation
occurred between dry biomass, soil organic matter, and total P.
Judul: The Characteristics of Rice Husk Biochar and Its Influence
on the
th Properties
P
ti off Acid
A id Sulfate
S lf t Soils
S il and
d Rice
Ri Growth
G
th in
i West
W t
Kalimantan
•
•
a.
b.
c.
d
d.
e.
References: Gunakan prinsip relevansi, keterbaruan,
artikel di Jurnal
Jurnal, dapat dilacak secara online
online, ikuti
pedoman jurnal ybs dan regerence yg ada di teks
harus sama dgn di daftar reference
K l
Kelemahan
h
References didalam teks tidak sama dengan di daftar
references
Kurang relevan/keterbaruan
Tidak dapat dilacak
M
Menggunakan
k references
f
yang tidak
tid k seharusnya
h
(diktat kuliah, pustaka dalam artikel penulis lain)
Penulisan tidak mengikuti format jurnal ybs
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
REFERENCES
P
Purtowiyatmo,
i
A
Amir.
i 2003
Hansen, T C. 1976, Text Book on Concrete Technology , Directorate
of Building Research, Bandung Indonesia
Gani M
Gani,
M.S.J.
S J 1997.
1997 Cement and Concrete,
Concrete Faculty of Engineering
Monash University, Clayton Victoria Australia.
Anonim. 1998. Laporan Akhir Pengujian Material Pasca bakar,
Laboratorium Managemen dan Rekayasa Konstruksi, ITB, Bandung.
S l d
Saelan
dan Wibi
Wibisono. 2005.
2005 Pengaruh
P
hK
Kadar
d S
Semen T
Terhadap
h d
Ketahanan Beton Terhadap Api, Jurnal TEKNIK SIPIL, Vol.3 ,No 2,
2005.
y, W.H & Bungey,
g y, J.H. 1989. Perencanaan Beton Bertulang,
g,
Mosley,
Edisi III,
Kelemahan ….. (lanjutan)
•
Abstrack: bukan ringkasan
ringkasan, memuat
tujuan penelitian, rancangan perc, hasil
yg penting
Kelemahan
a. Rancu
R
d
dengan ringkasan
i k
b. Terlalu singkat/terlalu rinci
c. Kurang penekanan pada hasil penelitian
d Terlalu banyak angka/tidak ada angka
d.
•
•
Abstract
Fire disaster on building structure at some big cities is still happened due to
that fire is one of high risk failure of structure. Fire can be as a burden
thermal which did not want and be hoped on structure buiding, and the
temperature has tendency so high and increasing in a short time. There is
influence of hot cycle and fast cooling will cause the concrete structure
crack and become wider until the concrete structure will be collapse at the
end. This study discussed about the power of concrete structure especially
the comparison of wide crack of reinforced concrete beam and natural
concrete beam due to higher temperature of fire with the difference cooling
process and
d watering.
t i
Th methodology
The
th d l
consisted
i t d off experiment
i
t using
i
cooling process as normal watering process (or cooling without watering)
and cooling by watering. This experiment was carried out by trial kinds
temperature of 200°C, 400°C, and 600°C with factor of cement water was
steady in 28 days and then carried out watering process after the concrete
was burned until 1000°C with dimension of 1m x 1m x 1m. The next step
was cooling without and with watering for the block with the dimension of 75
cm x 15 cm x 15 cm. Crack Detector Microscope was used to detect crack
width in every burden of LCD adding. Results showed that there was
significant
i ifi
t difference
diff
concrete
t crackk width
idth att every higher
hi h ttemperature.
t
Cooling process could recover the concrete beam.
Bandingkan dengan:
•
Abstract
•
The experiments
Th
i
t were carried
i d outt to
t study
t d the
th characteristics
h
t i ti off
biochar made from rice husk and its potential as a soil amendment in
acid soils. Biochar was produced by pyrolysis; after which it was
applied as a soil amendment. The soil was incubated for 30 days, and
th it was planted
then
l t d with
ith rice.
i
F
For comparison,
i
soilil was applied
li d with:
ith
rice straw, rice husk, rice husk ash, Chromolaena odorata biomass,
and no soil amendment. The experiment was caaried out in a green
house used Fully Rancomized Design with 3 replication. was The
characteristics
h
t i ti off bi
biochar
h were: water
t content
t t4
4.96%,
96% pH
H8
8.70,
70 C
18.72%, P 0.12%, CEC 17.57cmol kg-1, K 0.20%, Ca 0.41%, Mg
0.62%, and Na 1.40%. Application of biochar decreased soil bulk
density, soil strength, exchangeable Al, and soluble Fe and increased
porosity,
it available
il bl soilil water
t content,
t t C
C-organic,
i soilil pH,
H available
il bl P
P,
CEC, exchangeable K, and Ca. Out of these improvements, only soil
carbon, phosphorus, exchangeable Al, soluble Fe, and soil strength
significantly influenced rice biomass
Keywords: biochar, soil amendment, rice straw, soil strength, CEC