Yr 11 Semester 1 Examination 2013 2
St Ignatius’ College
Yr. 11 Semester 1 Examination 2013 ~ BIOLOGY
STUDENT NUMBER
Year 11 Biology
2013
Semester One Examination
This paper MUST NOT be removed from the examination room.
Total marks – 70
Attempt ALL questions
This paper has two parts, Part A and Part B
General Instructions
• Reading Time – 5 minutes
• Working Time – 1 ½ hours
• Write using blue or black pen
Part A
Total Marks – 20
Attempt questions 1 – 20
Allow about 20 minutes for this part
• Write your student number and/or name at
the top of every page
• Draw diagrams using pencil
Part B
Total Marks – 50
Attempt questions 21 – 32
Allow about 1 hour 10 minutes for this part
• Board approved calculators may be used
• Multiple choice sheet is on the last page
1
St Ignatius’ College
Yr. 11 Semester 1 Examination 2013 ~ BIOLOGY
STUDENT NUMBER
1. In using the “capture-recapture” method which of the following is not an assumption?
(A) Marking makes the animal more susceptible to predation
(B) All individuals have the same probability of being captured and recaptured
(C) There is little movement of the target species in and out of the area
(D) The marked animals will survive long enough to be recaptured
2. Mutualism and commensalism are similar in that both members of the relationship
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
Gain benefit
Are harmed
Are not harmed
Can survive independently
3. In a given community, sharks could be considered predators, and mackerel and
jewfish the prey. Which of the following factors might not affect the size of the
population of mackerel?
(A) An increase in the population of sharks.
(B) A decrease in the population of decomposer microorganisms.
(C) An increase in the population of jewfish.
(D) A decrease in the population of sharks.
4. A typical ecosystem is maintained by:
(A)Recycling matter and recycling energy
(B) Recycling matter and the input and output of energy
(C) Input and output of both matter and energy
(D)Input and output of matter and recycling energy
5. Living on land or in water presents different problems to the organisms that exist in
different environments. In comparing problems of living on land to living in water,
which of the following is correct?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
More oxygen is available to organisms that live in water
Water offers more support than air to aquatic animals
Light penetrates water so plants can survive in deep water
There is a greater risk of desiccation in aquatic environments
St Ignatius’ College
Yr. 11 Semester 1 Examination 2013 ~ BIOLOGY
STUDENT NUMBER
6. Read the following descriptions of relationships between organisms
Relationship 1:
Some species of wasp lay their eggs in the body of caterpillars and when they
hatch the wasp larvae feed on the caterpillars.
Relationship 2:
The wild turnip (Brassica tournefortii) produces chemicals that inhibit the growth
of wheat.
Relationship 3:
Many Eucalyptus species form root partnerships with soil fungi. The fungal
hyphae collect water and minerals, effectively increasing the root area of the
eucalyptus in exchange for organic matter produced by the tree.
Which row in the table below correctly identifies the above relationships?
(A)
Relationship 1
Mutualism
Relationship 2
Allelopathy
Relationship 3
Commensalism
(B)
Commensalism
Parasitism
Mutualism
(C)
Parasitism
Commensalism
Allelopathy
(D)
Parasitism
Allelopathy
Mutualism
7. An ecological study of a particular area of a forest produced the following biomass
figures (in kg) for certain organisms (E to M):
E = 5000 kg
F = 18 kg
G = 1 kg
H = 600 kg
J = 10,000 kg
K = 50 kg
L = 500 kg
M = 5 kg
A possible food chain for the community would be:
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
E
M
J
E
è
è
è
è
G
K
L
H
è
è
è
è
H
L
M
K
è
è
è
è
M
E
H
M
St Ignatius’ College
Yr. 11 Semester 1 Examination 2013 ~ BIOLOGY
STUDENT NUMBER
8. The wood of a fallen tree is often eaten and tunnelled by wood boring insects. This
opens up access for water, bacteria, fungi and small animals. The activities of these
organisms soften the wood so that the wood-boring insects can no longer live there.
This is an example of:
(A)Symbiosis
(B) Ecological succession
(C) Parasitism
(D)A food chain
9. Which of the following equations best describes the process of aerobic respiration?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
glucose + energy → oxygen + carbon dioxide + water
glucose + carbon dioxide → energy + oxygen + water
glucose + water → energy + oxygen + carbon dioxide
glucose + oxygen → energy + carbon dioxide + water
10. The food web below shows the feeding relationships in a Blue Mountains forest.
peregrine
falcon
grey
thrush
rainbow
bee-‐eater
spider
Yellow-‐tailed
black
cockatoo
scale
insect
native
bee
blue
gum
Which pair of organisms are competitors?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
blue gum and scale insect
scale insect and native bee
native bee and yellow-tailed cockatoo
yellow tailed cockatoo and rainbow bee-eater
wattle
St Ignatius’ College
Yr. 11 Semester 1 Examination 2013 ~ BIOLOGY
STUDENT NUMBER
11. In general, within an ecosystem, the energy transformed through the process of
respiration is:
(A) Eventually converted to other forms of energy by the organism in the process
of living.
(B) Made available to the other organisms further down the food chain.
(C) Released by decomposers, so it is cycled through the ecosystem.
(D) Stored in the form of starch
12. During your Biology course you had to plan first-hand investigations that allow valid
and reliable data and information to be collected. In this case, what does the term
‘reliable’ mean?
(A) The data collected is accurate.
(B) The instruments used to collect the data were calibrated correctly.
(C) The investigation can be repeated and the same results are obtained.
(D) The investigation is testing what the hypothesis wants it to.
13. The map below shows the distribution of snow gums in an alpine meadow.
Four quadrats have been randomly placed in the meadow. Each represents an area of
100m2 (10m X 10m)
Using these quadrats, the population density of the snow gums would be:
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
2 trees / 100m2
4 trees / 100m2
8 trees / 100m2
48 trees / 100m2
St Ignatius’ College
Yr. 11 Semester 1 Examination 2013 ~ BIOLOGY
STUDENT NUMBER
14. The name of the super continent that contained all the land masses, that formed
about 260 million years ago, is:
(A) Pangaea
(B) Laurasia
(C) Gondwana
(D) Antarctica
15. In some Western and Central Australian gecko populations, females reproduce
without a male. This method of reproduction is:
(A) Advantageous because it increases diversity in the population
(B) Advantageous because it decreases diversity in the population
(C) Disadvantageous because it decreases diversity in the population
(D) Disadvantageous because it increases diversity in the population
16. The picture below is that of a dandelion.
Identify the most likely type of seed dispersal used by the dandelion.
(A) Water
(B) Eaten and excreted by animals
(C) Attached to the fur or wool of an animal
(D) Wind
17. The protection of genetic variation and maintaining a variety of species within
environments is an example of maintaining:
(A) Evolution.
(B) Ecosystems.
(C) An ecosystem.
(D) Biodiversity.
St Ignatius’ College
Yr. 11 Semester 1 Examination 2013 ~ BIOLOGY
STUDENT NUMBER
18. Which of the following statements about internal fertilization is correct?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
Internal fertilization occurs when mating takes place under cover
Internal fertilization only occurs in mammals
Internal fertilization does not require male and female organisms
Offspring resulting from internal fertilization are provided with greater
parental care
19. Which of the following reasons best identifies why Australia has such a unique range
of fauna?
(A) It is an arid continent
(B) It has been geographically isolated
(C) Our soils have been leached of most of their minerals
(D) Humans have only been in Australia for approximately 40,000 years
20. Changes in Australian fauna and flora is thought to be due to:
(A) Climate change
(B) Continental drift
(C) Human intervention
(D) All of the above
St Ignatius’ College
Yr. 11 Semester 1 Examination 2013 ~ BIOLOGY
STUDENT NUMBER
Part B:
Answer questions 21-35 in the space provided.
Question 21: (5 marks)
Use the diagrams below to answer this question.
(a)
(a) Outline what information is conveyed in diagram 1 and not by diagram 2.
1
(b) Outline what information is conveyed in diagram 2 and not in diagram 1.
1
(c) What do the arrows in diagram 2 represent?
1
(d) Neither of these diagrams indicates decomposers. Describe, including an example, the
role of decomposers in an ecosystem.
2
St Ignatius’ College
Yr. 11 Semester 1 Examination 2013 ~ BIOLOGY
STUDENT NUMBER
Question 22: (3 marks)
Read the following extract.
A case study in species conservation: the African Elephant
The main herds of non-domesticated elephants are found in Africa (Loxodonta Africana
africana (bush elephant) and L. Africana cyclotis (forest elephant)). They have no serious
natural predators, yet their numbers are in decline, dropping from 1.2 million in 1981 to 623
000 in 1989. Humans are the main threat to the elephant’s survival. They compete with the
elephant for land for forestry, agriculture and settlement, destroying their habitat. They kill
elephants that threaten crops or property and, above all, kill elephants for their ivory.
...Since 1989 the African Elephant has been protected by a total ban on ivory sales under the
international legislation known as CITES... Sustainably managed herds generate income from
the sale of ivory, meat and hides, and at the same time encourage tourism. Elephants are
regarded as a valuable resource, generating jobs and income that is used for development
projects. Local support for maintenance of elephant herds is therefore strong and poaching is
considered antisocial.
From Taylor, D.J (1997) Biological Sciences 1 and 2 edn, Cambridge University Press. Pp 342-343.
Describe how the strategy of ‘sustainable managed herds’ is used to balance human activities
and needs with the maintenance and protection of the environment.
3
Question 23: (3 marks)
The emu and cassowary of Australia, the ostrich of Africa, the rhea of South America and the
extinct moa of New Zealand are all ratites (large flightless birds).
How does the distribution of these closely related flightless birds provide support for the
assertion that the Southern continents were once all joined together as Gondwana?
3
St Ignatius’ College
Yr. 11 Semester 1 Examination 2013 ~ BIOLOGY
STUDENT NUMBER
Question 24: (3 marks)
For one named Australian animal describe a mechanism to ensure fertilisation and explain
how that mechanism is an advantage.
3
Question 25: (4 marks)
Name two significant Australian fossil finds and explain how these finds assist in our
understanding of the evolution of Australian biota.
4
St Ignatius’ College
Yr. 11 Semester 1 Examination 2013 ~ BIOLOGY
STUDENT NUMBER
Question 26: (5 marks)
The diagram below shows the distribution of plants along a transect taken in an estuary in the
Sydney region.
Grey mangrove
Sarcocornia
Juncus
HT
High tide level
LT
Low tide level
HT
LT
(a) Describe the distribution of plants shown in this transect.
2
(b) For one of the species depicted here, explain how a named abiotic feature could be
responsible for its distribution.
3
St Ignatius’ College
Yr. 11 Semester 1 Examination 2013 ~ BIOLOGY
STUDENT NUMBER
Question 27: (6 marks)
A group of students conducted a field study along a creek downstream from the outflow of a
manufacturing company. They specifically wanted to study the effect that the water from the
outflow was having on the stream’s ecology. To do this the students investigated the
abundance of a species of midge larva that lives in slow-running streams in the area. The
average temperature of the water entering the factory was measured at 12.0°C. Their results
are in the table below.
Distance
from
Water
temperature
Numbers
of
midge
larvae
outflow
(m)
(oC)
per
m2
(a)
10
28.0
2
20
24.0
5
30
21.5
6
40
16.0
12
50
13.5
8
60
12.5
5
70
12.0
4
Using the data above, construct a graph to show the relative numbers of midge
larvae at different distances downstream from the factory outflow.
5
(b) Describe the relationship between water temperature and the abundance of the midge
larvae.
1
St Ignatius’ College
Yr. 11 Semester 1 Examination 2013 ~ BIOLOGY
STUDENT NUMBER
Question 28: (3 marks)
During your preliminary studies you carried out an investigation to gather information about
variation within a species.
(a) Name the species studied and outline the particular feature/s you examined.
1
(b) Describe evidence of variation between members of the species you studied.
2
Question 29: (3 Marks)
Construct a table to compare two features of internal and external fertilisation.
3
St Ignatius’ College
Yr. 11 Semester 1 Examination 2013 ~ BIOLOGY
STUDENT NUMBER
Question 30: (4 marks)
Explain how the idea of scientists have changed or developed over the last 200 years as new
information and technologies have become available in relation to the platypus.
4
Question 31: (4 Marks)
Distinguish between the following terms, using examples in your answer.
(a) Populations and communities.
2
(b) Biotic factors and abiotic factors.
2
St Ignatius’ College
Yr. 11 Semester 1 Examination 2013 ~ BIOLOGY
STUDENT NUMBER
Question 32: (7 marks)
“No man is an island, entire of itself; every man is a piece of the continent, a part of the main;
if a clog be washed away by the sea, Europe is the less…any man’s death diminishes me,
because I am involved in mankind…” John Donne, poet (1572-1631)
This quotation could be rewritten in terms of the organisms within an ecosystem. An
ecosystem consists of producers, consumers and decomposers. The activities of organisms at
each of the different trophic levels have impacts at other levels.
(a) Suggest two things that could happen in an ecosystem if the major producer organism is
removed.
2
(b) In an ecosystem that includes, grass, rabbits, feral cats and wedge-tail eagles, what might
happen if the top predator (the eagle) is removed? (Note that the eagle eats feral cats and
rabbits)
2
(c) In agricultural areas of Australia suggest three major changes that have been bought about
since European settlement.
THIS IS THE END OF THE EXAM
3
St Ignatius’ College
Yr. 11 Semester 1 Examination 2013 ~ BIOLOGY
STUDENT NUMBER
Multiple Choice Answer Sheet:
(Circle or shade the best answer – if you make a mistake, ensure
your correct answer is clearly marked)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
Yr. 11 Semester 1 Examination 2013 ~ BIOLOGY
STUDENT NUMBER
Year 11 Biology
2013
Semester One Examination
This paper MUST NOT be removed from the examination room.
Total marks – 70
Attempt ALL questions
This paper has two parts, Part A and Part B
General Instructions
• Reading Time – 5 minutes
• Working Time – 1 ½ hours
• Write using blue or black pen
Part A
Total Marks – 20
Attempt questions 1 – 20
Allow about 20 minutes for this part
• Write your student number and/or name at
the top of every page
• Draw diagrams using pencil
Part B
Total Marks – 50
Attempt questions 21 – 32
Allow about 1 hour 10 minutes for this part
• Board approved calculators may be used
• Multiple choice sheet is on the last page
1
St Ignatius’ College
Yr. 11 Semester 1 Examination 2013 ~ BIOLOGY
STUDENT NUMBER
1. In using the “capture-recapture” method which of the following is not an assumption?
(A) Marking makes the animal more susceptible to predation
(B) All individuals have the same probability of being captured and recaptured
(C) There is little movement of the target species in and out of the area
(D) The marked animals will survive long enough to be recaptured
2. Mutualism and commensalism are similar in that both members of the relationship
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
Gain benefit
Are harmed
Are not harmed
Can survive independently
3. In a given community, sharks could be considered predators, and mackerel and
jewfish the prey. Which of the following factors might not affect the size of the
population of mackerel?
(A) An increase in the population of sharks.
(B) A decrease in the population of decomposer microorganisms.
(C) An increase in the population of jewfish.
(D) A decrease in the population of sharks.
4. A typical ecosystem is maintained by:
(A)Recycling matter and recycling energy
(B) Recycling matter and the input and output of energy
(C) Input and output of both matter and energy
(D)Input and output of matter and recycling energy
5. Living on land or in water presents different problems to the organisms that exist in
different environments. In comparing problems of living on land to living in water,
which of the following is correct?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
More oxygen is available to organisms that live in water
Water offers more support than air to aquatic animals
Light penetrates water so plants can survive in deep water
There is a greater risk of desiccation in aquatic environments
St Ignatius’ College
Yr. 11 Semester 1 Examination 2013 ~ BIOLOGY
STUDENT NUMBER
6. Read the following descriptions of relationships between organisms
Relationship 1:
Some species of wasp lay their eggs in the body of caterpillars and when they
hatch the wasp larvae feed on the caterpillars.
Relationship 2:
The wild turnip (Brassica tournefortii) produces chemicals that inhibit the growth
of wheat.
Relationship 3:
Many Eucalyptus species form root partnerships with soil fungi. The fungal
hyphae collect water and minerals, effectively increasing the root area of the
eucalyptus in exchange for organic matter produced by the tree.
Which row in the table below correctly identifies the above relationships?
(A)
Relationship 1
Mutualism
Relationship 2
Allelopathy
Relationship 3
Commensalism
(B)
Commensalism
Parasitism
Mutualism
(C)
Parasitism
Commensalism
Allelopathy
(D)
Parasitism
Allelopathy
Mutualism
7. An ecological study of a particular area of a forest produced the following biomass
figures (in kg) for certain organisms (E to M):
E = 5000 kg
F = 18 kg
G = 1 kg
H = 600 kg
J = 10,000 kg
K = 50 kg
L = 500 kg
M = 5 kg
A possible food chain for the community would be:
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
E
M
J
E
è
è
è
è
G
K
L
H
è
è
è
è
H
L
M
K
è
è
è
è
M
E
H
M
St Ignatius’ College
Yr. 11 Semester 1 Examination 2013 ~ BIOLOGY
STUDENT NUMBER
8. The wood of a fallen tree is often eaten and tunnelled by wood boring insects. This
opens up access for water, bacteria, fungi and small animals. The activities of these
organisms soften the wood so that the wood-boring insects can no longer live there.
This is an example of:
(A)Symbiosis
(B) Ecological succession
(C) Parasitism
(D)A food chain
9. Which of the following equations best describes the process of aerobic respiration?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
glucose + energy → oxygen + carbon dioxide + water
glucose + carbon dioxide → energy + oxygen + water
glucose + water → energy + oxygen + carbon dioxide
glucose + oxygen → energy + carbon dioxide + water
10. The food web below shows the feeding relationships in a Blue Mountains forest.
peregrine
falcon
grey
thrush
rainbow
bee-‐eater
spider
Yellow-‐tailed
black
cockatoo
scale
insect
native
bee
blue
gum
Which pair of organisms are competitors?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
blue gum and scale insect
scale insect and native bee
native bee and yellow-tailed cockatoo
yellow tailed cockatoo and rainbow bee-eater
wattle
St Ignatius’ College
Yr. 11 Semester 1 Examination 2013 ~ BIOLOGY
STUDENT NUMBER
11. In general, within an ecosystem, the energy transformed through the process of
respiration is:
(A) Eventually converted to other forms of energy by the organism in the process
of living.
(B) Made available to the other organisms further down the food chain.
(C) Released by decomposers, so it is cycled through the ecosystem.
(D) Stored in the form of starch
12. During your Biology course you had to plan first-hand investigations that allow valid
and reliable data and information to be collected. In this case, what does the term
‘reliable’ mean?
(A) The data collected is accurate.
(B) The instruments used to collect the data were calibrated correctly.
(C) The investigation can be repeated and the same results are obtained.
(D) The investigation is testing what the hypothesis wants it to.
13. The map below shows the distribution of snow gums in an alpine meadow.
Four quadrats have been randomly placed in the meadow. Each represents an area of
100m2 (10m X 10m)
Using these quadrats, the population density of the snow gums would be:
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
2 trees / 100m2
4 trees / 100m2
8 trees / 100m2
48 trees / 100m2
St Ignatius’ College
Yr. 11 Semester 1 Examination 2013 ~ BIOLOGY
STUDENT NUMBER
14. The name of the super continent that contained all the land masses, that formed
about 260 million years ago, is:
(A) Pangaea
(B) Laurasia
(C) Gondwana
(D) Antarctica
15. In some Western and Central Australian gecko populations, females reproduce
without a male. This method of reproduction is:
(A) Advantageous because it increases diversity in the population
(B) Advantageous because it decreases diversity in the population
(C) Disadvantageous because it decreases diversity in the population
(D) Disadvantageous because it increases diversity in the population
16. The picture below is that of a dandelion.
Identify the most likely type of seed dispersal used by the dandelion.
(A) Water
(B) Eaten and excreted by animals
(C) Attached to the fur or wool of an animal
(D) Wind
17. The protection of genetic variation and maintaining a variety of species within
environments is an example of maintaining:
(A) Evolution.
(B) Ecosystems.
(C) An ecosystem.
(D) Biodiversity.
St Ignatius’ College
Yr. 11 Semester 1 Examination 2013 ~ BIOLOGY
STUDENT NUMBER
18. Which of the following statements about internal fertilization is correct?
(A)
(B)
(C)
(D)
Internal fertilization occurs when mating takes place under cover
Internal fertilization only occurs in mammals
Internal fertilization does not require male and female organisms
Offspring resulting from internal fertilization are provided with greater
parental care
19. Which of the following reasons best identifies why Australia has such a unique range
of fauna?
(A) It is an arid continent
(B) It has been geographically isolated
(C) Our soils have been leached of most of their minerals
(D) Humans have only been in Australia for approximately 40,000 years
20. Changes in Australian fauna and flora is thought to be due to:
(A) Climate change
(B) Continental drift
(C) Human intervention
(D) All of the above
St Ignatius’ College
Yr. 11 Semester 1 Examination 2013 ~ BIOLOGY
STUDENT NUMBER
Part B:
Answer questions 21-35 in the space provided.
Question 21: (5 marks)
Use the diagrams below to answer this question.
(a)
(a) Outline what information is conveyed in diagram 1 and not by diagram 2.
1
(b) Outline what information is conveyed in diagram 2 and not in diagram 1.
1
(c) What do the arrows in diagram 2 represent?
1
(d) Neither of these diagrams indicates decomposers. Describe, including an example, the
role of decomposers in an ecosystem.
2
St Ignatius’ College
Yr. 11 Semester 1 Examination 2013 ~ BIOLOGY
STUDENT NUMBER
Question 22: (3 marks)
Read the following extract.
A case study in species conservation: the African Elephant
The main herds of non-domesticated elephants are found in Africa (Loxodonta Africana
africana (bush elephant) and L. Africana cyclotis (forest elephant)). They have no serious
natural predators, yet their numbers are in decline, dropping from 1.2 million in 1981 to 623
000 in 1989. Humans are the main threat to the elephant’s survival. They compete with the
elephant for land for forestry, agriculture and settlement, destroying their habitat. They kill
elephants that threaten crops or property and, above all, kill elephants for their ivory.
...Since 1989 the African Elephant has been protected by a total ban on ivory sales under the
international legislation known as CITES... Sustainably managed herds generate income from
the sale of ivory, meat and hides, and at the same time encourage tourism. Elephants are
regarded as a valuable resource, generating jobs and income that is used for development
projects. Local support for maintenance of elephant herds is therefore strong and poaching is
considered antisocial.
From Taylor, D.J (1997) Biological Sciences 1 and 2 edn, Cambridge University Press. Pp 342-343.
Describe how the strategy of ‘sustainable managed herds’ is used to balance human activities
and needs with the maintenance and protection of the environment.
3
Question 23: (3 marks)
The emu and cassowary of Australia, the ostrich of Africa, the rhea of South America and the
extinct moa of New Zealand are all ratites (large flightless birds).
How does the distribution of these closely related flightless birds provide support for the
assertion that the Southern continents were once all joined together as Gondwana?
3
St Ignatius’ College
Yr. 11 Semester 1 Examination 2013 ~ BIOLOGY
STUDENT NUMBER
Question 24: (3 marks)
For one named Australian animal describe a mechanism to ensure fertilisation and explain
how that mechanism is an advantage.
3
Question 25: (4 marks)
Name two significant Australian fossil finds and explain how these finds assist in our
understanding of the evolution of Australian biota.
4
St Ignatius’ College
Yr. 11 Semester 1 Examination 2013 ~ BIOLOGY
STUDENT NUMBER
Question 26: (5 marks)
The diagram below shows the distribution of plants along a transect taken in an estuary in the
Sydney region.
Grey mangrove
Sarcocornia
Juncus
HT
High tide level
LT
Low tide level
HT
LT
(a) Describe the distribution of plants shown in this transect.
2
(b) For one of the species depicted here, explain how a named abiotic feature could be
responsible for its distribution.
3
St Ignatius’ College
Yr. 11 Semester 1 Examination 2013 ~ BIOLOGY
STUDENT NUMBER
Question 27: (6 marks)
A group of students conducted a field study along a creek downstream from the outflow of a
manufacturing company. They specifically wanted to study the effect that the water from the
outflow was having on the stream’s ecology. To do this the students investigated the
abundance of a species of midge larva that lives in slow-running streams in the area. The
average temperature of the water entering the factory was measured at 12.0°C. Their results
are in the table below.
Distance
from
Water
temperature
Numbers
of
midge
larvae
outflow
(m)
(oC)
per
m2
(a)
10
28.0
2
20
24.0
5
30
21.5
6
40
16.0
12
50
13.5
8
60
12.5
5
70
12.0
4
Using the data above, construct a graph to show the relative numbers of midge
larvae at different distances downstream from the factory outflow.
5
(b) Describe the relationship between water temperature and the abundance of the midge
larvae.
1
St Ignatius’ College
Yr. 11 Semester 1 Examination 2013 ~ BIOLOGY
STUDENT NUMBER
Question 28: (3 marks)
During your preliminary studies you carried out an investigation to gather information about
variation within a species.
(a) Name the species studied and outline the particular feature/s you examined.
1
(b) Describe evidence of variation between members of the species you studied.
2
Question 29: (3 Marks)
Construct a table to compare two features of internal and external fertilisation.
3
St Ignatius’ College
Yr. 11 Semester 1 Examination 2013 ~ BIOLOGY
STUDENT NUMBER
Question 30: (4 marks)
Explain how the idea of scientists have changed or developed over the last 200 years as new
information and technologies have become available in relation to the platypus.
4
Question 31: (4 Marks)
Distinguish between the following terms, using examples in your answer.
(a) Populations and communities.
2
(b) Biotic factors and abiotic factors.
2
St Ignatius’ College
Yr. 11 Semester 1 Examination 2013 ~ BIOLOGY
STUDENT NUMBER
Question 32: (7 marks)
“No man is an island, entire of itself; every man is a piece of the continent, a part of the main;
if a clog be washed away by the sea, Europe is the less…any man’s death diminishes me,
because I am involved in mankind…” John Donne, poet (1572-1631)
This quotation could be rewritten in terms of the organisms within an ecosystem. An
ecosystem consists of producers, consumers and decomposers. The activities of organisms at
each of the different trophic levels have impacts at other levels.
(a) Suggest two things that could happen in an ecosystem if the major producer organism is
removed.
2
(b) In an ecosystem that includes, grass, rabbits, feral cats and wedge-tail eagles, what might
happen if the top predator (the eagle) is removed? (Note that the eagle eats feral cats and
rabbits)
2
(c) In agricultural areas of Australia suggest three major changes that have been bought about
since European settlement.
THIS IS THE END OF THE EXAM
3
St Ignatius’ College
Yr. 11 Semester 1 Examination 2013 ~ BIOLOGY
STUDENT NUMBER
Multiple Choice Answer Sheet:
(Circle or shade the best answer – if you make a mistake, ensure
your correct answer is clearly marked)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
B
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
C
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D
D