LAMPIRAN A PERHITUNGAN STATISTIK UNTUK MENGETAHUI PERBEDAAN BERMAKNA ANTAR PERSAMAAN REGRESI
LAMPIRAN A
PERHITUNGAN STATISTIK UNTUK MENGETAHUI
PERBEDAAN BERMAKNA ANTAR PERSAMAAN REGRESI
Data kurva baku Atenolol dalam larutan dapar fosfat isotonis pH 6,8
pengujian 1
Konsentrasi
(µg/mL)
1,01
3,03
5,05
15,15
25,25
35,35
50,5
65,65
80,8
95,95
X2
Serapan (A)
0,029
0,031
0,045
0,104
0,159
0,191
0,266
0,35
0,424
0,485
1,0201
9,1809
25,5025
229,5225
637,5625
1249,6225
2550,25
4309,9225
6528,64
9206,4025
24747,626
Y2
0,0008
0,0010
0,0020
0,0108
0,0253
0,0365
0,0708
0,1225
0,1798
0,2352
0,6847
XY
0,0293
0,0939
0,2273
1,5756
4,0148
6,7519
13,4330
22,9775
34,2592
46,5358
129,8981
Data kurva baku Atenolol dalam larutan dapar fosfat isotonis pH 6,8
pengujian 2
Konsentrasi
(µg/mL)
1,01
3,03
5,05
15,15
25,25
35,35
50,5
65,65
80,8
95,95
Serapan (A)
0,017
0,021
0,024
0,077
0,128
0,176
0,252
0,321
0,391
0,462
X2
1,0201
9,1809
25,5025
229,5225
637,5625
1249,6225
2550,25
4309,9225
6528,64
9206,4025
24747,626
56
Y2
0,0003
0,0004
0,0006
0,0059
0,0164
0,0310
0,0635
0,1030
0,1529
0,2134
0,5875
XY
0,0172
0,0636
0,1212
1,1666
3,2320
6,2216
12,7260
21,0737
31,5928
44,3289
120,5435
Data kurva baku Atenolol dalam larutan dapar fosfat isotonis pH 6,8
pengujian 3
Konsentrasi
(µg/mL)
1,01
3,03
5,05
15,15
25,25
35,35
50,5
65,65
80,8
95,95
Regresi I
Regresi
II
Regresi
III
X2
Serapan (A)
0,024
0,034
0,051
0,089
0,142
0,191
0,258
0,338
0,41
0,482
1,0201
9,1809
25,5025
229,5225
637,5625
1249,6225
2550,25
4309,9225
6528,64
9206,4025
24747,626
Y2
0,0006
0,0012
0,0026
0,0079
0,0202
0,0365
0,0666
0,1142
0,1681
0,2323
0,6501
XY
0,0242
0,1030
0,2576
1,3484
3,5855
6,7519
13,0290
22,1897
33,1280
46,2479
126,6651
ΣX2
24747,626
ΣXY
129,8981
ΣY2
0,6847
N
10
SSi
0,6794
RDF
9
24747,626
120,5435
0,5875
10
0,5826
9
24747,626
126,6651
0,6501
10
0,6450
9
74242,878 377,1067
1,9223
SSc
=
[(
)/
]
= 1,9223 – [377,1067 / 74242,878]
= 1,9172
SSp
= SS1 + SS2 + SS3
= 0,6794 + 0,5826 + 0,6450
= 1,907
F
= (SSc SSp / k 1) / (SSp/27)
= ((1,9172 1,907) 3 1) / (1,907/27)
= 0,0722
Ftabel = 3,35
Fhitung (0,0722) < Ftabel (3,35)
57
1,9070
LAMPIRAN B
PERHITUNGAN AKURASI DAN PRESISI
Data Akurasi
Replikasi
1
2
3
Kadar
(%)
80
100
120
80
100
120
80
100
120
Serapan
(A)
0,083
0,102
0,121
0,084
0,104
0,124
0,083
0,105
0,124
Csampel
(ppm)
15,974
19,961
23,947
16,184
20,381
24,577
15,974
20,171
24,577
C teoritis
(ppm)
16,080
20,200
24,000
16,020
20,200
24,240
16,180
20,280
24,400
%Perolehan
kembali
99,34
98,82
99,78
101,03
100,89
101,39
98,73
99,46
100,72
Data Presisi
Konsentrasi
Replikasi
Serapan
(A)
C sampel
(ppm)
C teoritis
(ppm)
Kadar
100%
1
2
3
4
5
6
0,102
0,104
0,104
0,103
0,102
0,105
19,961
20,381
20,381
20,171
19,961
20,590
20,200
20,280
20,200
20,280
20,080
20,320
Rata-rata
SD
KV
58
%
perolehan
kembali
98,82
100,50
100,89
99,46
99,41
101,33
100,07
0,98
0,97
Contoh perhitungan :
Dari hasil serapan dimasukkan kedalam persamaan kurva baku
terpilih yaitu :
y = 0,0069 + 4,7662.10-3x
Dimana :
y = Serapan
x = Konsentrasi teramati
Kemudian hitung % perolehan kembali dengan rumus :
Misal : data replikasi 1
y = 0,0069 + 4,7662.10-3x
0,102 = 0,0069 + 4,7662.10-3x
x = 19,961
% perolehan kembali
= (19,961/20,200) x 100%
= 98,82
59
LAMPIRAN C
Perhitungan Hasil Uji Penetapan Kadar Film Atenolol
Formula
F1
F2
60
F3
F4
Replikasi
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
Serapan
(A)
0,105
0,104
0,107
0,105
0,101
0,104
0,102
0,104
0,105
0,101
0,104
0,104
C
(ppm)
20,590
20,381
21,010
20,590
19,751
20,381
19,961
20,381
20,590
19,751
20,381
20,381
C
(mg/cm²)
1,030
1,019
1,050
1,030
0,988
1,019
0,998
1,019
1,030
0,988
1,019
1,019
C
teoritis
1,002
0,998
0,995
1,004
0,995
0,997
1,002
0,996
1,000
0,999
1,002
0,998
C(ppm) = (Serapan – a) / b
= (0,105 – 0,006863439) / 0,00476615
= 20,590
Nilai a dan b berasal dari perhitungan regresi linear pada hari ke-2.
45
Kadar
(%)
102,797
102,084
105,583
102,573
99,257
102,195
99,655
102,307
102,909
98,823
101,750
102,084
Rata2
Kadar
SD
KV
103,488
1,849
1,787
101,342
1,816
1,792
101,624
1,732
1,704
100,885
1,794
1,778
Penimbangan
(mg)
91,7
91,4
91,1
91,9
91,1
91,3
91,7
91,2
91,6
91,5
91,7
91,4
Cteoritis = Penimbangan / Luas sediaan
= 91,7 / 91,5624
= 1,002
% Kadar = C(mg/cm2) / C teoritis x 100
= 1,030 / 1,002 x100
= 102,797 %
61
46
LAMPIRAN D
Perhitungan Hasil Uji Homogenitas Film Atenolol
F
F1
F2
62
F3
F4
R
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
Konsentrasi
(mg/cm2)
Absorbansi (A)
Titik
1
0,105
0,104
0,107
0,105
0,101
0,104
0,102
0,104
0,105
0,101
0,104
0,104
Titik
2
0,103
0,105
0,108
0,102
0,103
0,106
0,101
0,105
0,103
0,100
0,102
0,102
Titik
3
0,105
0,107
0,105
0,103
0,100
0,106
0,104
0,102
0,106
0,103
0,101
0,105
Titik
1
1,030
1,019
1,050
1,030
0,988
1,019
0,998
1,019
1,030
0,988
1,019
1,019
Titik
2
1,009
1,030
1,061
0,998
1,009
1,040
0,988
1,030
1,009
0,977
0,998
0,998
C
teoritis
Titik
3
1,030
1,050
1,030
1,009
0,977
1,040
1,019
0,998
1,040
1,009
0,988
1,030
1,002
0,998
0,995
1,004
0,995
0,997
1,002
0,996
1,000
0,999
1,002
0,998
Kadar (%)
Titik
1
102,797
102,084
105,583
102,573
99,257
102,195
99,655
102,307
102,909
98,823
101,750
102,084
Keterangan :
F = Formula
R = Replikasi
Titik 1,2 dan 3 = Pengambilan sediaan pada tiga titik/tempat yang berbeda
47
Titik
2
100,702
103,135
106,637
99,438
101,365
104,300
98,607
103,361
100,812
97,773
99,655
99,982
Titik
3
102,797
105,236
103,474
100,483
98,202
104,300
101,750
100,201
103,958
100,922
98,607
103,135
Kadar
ratarata
(%)
SD
KV
102,099
103,485
105,231
100,831
99,608
103,598
100,004
101,956
102,560
99,173
100,004
101,733
1,210
1,605
1,611
1,597
1,611
1,215
1,600
1,609
1,602
1,604
1,600
1,605
1,185
1,551
1,531
1,583
1,617
1,173
1,600
1,578
1,562
1,617
1,600
1,578
LAMPIRAN E
Perhitungan Hasil Uji Indeks Pengembangan
Formula 1
Replikasi
1
2
3
W1 (gram)
W2 (gram)
0,0583
0,1403
0,0571
0,1386
0,0580
0,1398
Rata-rata ± SD
Indeks
Pengembangan
1,406
1,427
1,410
1.415± 0.011
Formula 2
Replikasi
1
2
3
W1 (gram)
W2 (gram)
0,0805
0,2452
0,0958
0,2814
0,1009
0,2995
Rata-rata ± SD
Indeks
Pengembangan
2,046
1,914
1,968
1.976± 0.066
Formula 3
Replikasi
1
2
3
W1 (gram)
W2 (gram)
0,0530
0,1941
0,0802
0,2871
0,0688
0,2604
Rata-rata ± SD
Indeks
Pengembangan
2,662
2,579
2,785
2,675 ± 0,104
Formula 4
Replikasi
1
2
3
W1 (gram)
W2 (gram)
0,1172
0,4652
0,1069
0,4489
0,1093
0,4501
Rata-rata ± SD
Keterangan :
W1 = Berat awal sediaan film
W2 = Berat sediaan film setelah mengembang
63
Indeks
Pengembangan
1,271
1,166
1,369
3.096 ± 0.117
LAMPIRAN F
Perhitungan Hasil Uji Lama Merekat
Formula
F1
F2
F3
F4
1
110
179
239
250
Replikasi (menit)
2
105
169
230
261
64
Rata-rata ± SD
3
118
133
210
255
111,000 ± 6,557
173,667 ± 5,033
226,333 ± 14,844
255,333 ± 5,508
LAMPIRAN G
DATA HASIL UJI PELEPASAN ATENOLOL
PELEPASAN FORMULA 1
t
(jam)
Serapan (A)
65
0,083
0,167
0,250
0,333
0,417
0,500
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
Replika
si 1
0,028
0,035
0,036
0,034
0,06
0,065
0,102
0,170
0,189
0,195
0,229
0,232
Replika
si 2
0,025
0,031
0,026
0,054
0,056
0,074
0,094
0,158
0,174
0,189
0,211
0,224
Replika
si 3
0,021
0,03
0,029
0,047
0,065
0,061
0,101
0,154
0,180
0,191
0,218
0,229
Qt
= (65 x Cpengamatan) / 3,14
Konsentrasi Pengamatan
(ppm)
Replika Replika Replika
si 1
si 2
si 3
4,435
3,805
2,966
5,903
5,064
4,854
6,113
4,015
4,645
5,694
9,890
8,421
11,149
10,309
12,198
12,198
14,086
11,359
19,961
18,282
19,751
34,228
31,710
30,871
38,215
35,067
36,326
39,473
38,215
38,634
46,607
42,830
44,299
47,237
45,558
46,607
= (65 x 4,435) / 3,14
= 91,802
53
Qt (µg/cm2)
Replika
si 1
91,802
122,204
126,548
117,861
230,786
252,502
413,203
708,545
791,067
817,126
964,797
977,827
Replika
si 2
78,772
104,831
83,115
204,726
213,413
291,592
378,457
656,426
725,918
791,067
886,619
943,081
Replika
si 3
61,399
100,488
96,145
174,324
252,502
235,129
408,860
639,053
751,977
799,753
917,021
964,797
Qt ratarata
77,324
109,175
101,936
165,637
232,234
259,741
400,173
668,008
756,321
802,649
922,812
961,902
SD
15,253
11,491
22,288
44,079
19,585
28,919
18,932
36,165
32,791
13,269
39,410
17,553
Pelepasan Formula 2
Serapan (A)
66
t
(jam)
0,083
0,167
0,250
0,333
0,417
0,500
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
Replika
si 1
0,025
0,031
0,029
0,036
0,048
0,054
0,075
0,099
0,136
0,187
0,193
0,213
Replika
si 2
0,021
0,034
0,039
0,046
0,051
0,060
0,086
0,109
0,142
0,179
0,196
0,210
Replik
asi 3
0,023
0,029
0,027
0,038
0,054
0,059
0,081
0,105
0,152
0,176
0,189
0,203
Konsentrasi Pengamatan
(ppm)
Replika Replika Replika
si 1
si 2
si 3
3,805
2,966
3,386
5,064
5,694
4,645
4,645
6,743
4,225
6,113
8,211
6,533
8,631
9,260
9,890
9,890
11,149
10,939
14,296
16,604
15,555
19,331
21,430
20,590
27,095
28,353
30,452
37,795
36,116
35,487
39,054
39,683
38,215
43,250
42,621
41,152
54
Qt (µg/cm2)
Replika
si 1
78,772
104,831
96,145
126,548
178,667
204,726
295,935
400,173
560,874
782,380
808,440
895,305
Replika
si 2
61,399
117,861
139,577
169,980
191,697
230,786
343,711
443,606
586,933
747,634
821,470
882,275
Replika
si 3
70,085
96,145
87,458
135,234
204,726
226,443
321,994
426,233
630,366
734,604
791,067
851,872
Qt ratarata
SD
70,085
106,279
107,727
143,921
191,697
220,652
320,547
423,337
592,724
754,873
806,992
876,484
8,687
10,930
27,923
22,982
13,030
13,962
23,921
21,861
35,106
24,697
15,253
22,288
Pelepasan Formula 3
t
(jam)
67
0,083
0,167
0,250
0,333
0,417
0,500
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
Serapan (A)
Replika
si 1
0,023
0,021
0,038
0,036
0,039
0048
0,055
0,092
0,114
0,127
0,167
0,183
Replika
si 2
0,021
0,019
0,028
0,039
0,035
0,047
0,059
0,089
0,121
0,129
0,161
0,179
Replik
asi 3
0,019
0,024
0,046
0,045
0,048
0,054
0,061
0,084
0,118
0,133
0,159
0,178
Konsentrasi Pengamatan
(ppm)
Replik Replika Replika
asi 1
si 2
si 3
3,386
2,966
2,546
2,966
2,546
3,595
6,533
4,435
8,211
6,113
6,743
8,002
6,743
5,903
8,631
8,631
8,421
9,890
10,100
10,939
11,359
17,863
17,233
16,184
22,479
23,947
23,318
25,206
25,626
26,465
33,599
32,340
31,920
36,956
36,116
35,907
55
Qt (µg/cm2)
Replika
si 1
70,085
61,399
135,234
126,548
139,577
178,667
209,070
369,770
465,322
521,785
695,515
765,007
Replika
si 2
61,399
52,712
91,802
139,577
122,204
174,324
226,443
356,741
495,725
530,471
669,455
747,634
Replik
asi 3
52,712
74,429
169,980
165,637
178,667
204,726
235,129
335,024
482,695
547,844
660,769
743,291
Qt ratarata
SD
61,399
62,847
132,339
143,921
146,816
185,906
223,547
353,845
481,247
533,367
675,246
751,977
8,687
10,930
39,170
19,903
28,919
16,443
13,269
17,553
15,253
13,269
18,082
11,491
Pelepasan Formula 4
Serapan (A)
t (jam)
68
0,083
0,167
0,250
0,333
0,417
0,500
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
Replika
si 1
0,021
0,020
0,034
0,029
0,043
0,046
0,053
0,076
0,114
0,121
0,144
0,159
Replika
si 2
0,027
0,024
0,029
0,032
0,035
0,039
0,059
0,081
0,109
0,120
0,137
0,151
Replika
si 3
0,025
0,023
0,031
0,035
0,038
0,041
0,055
0,079
0,117
0,126
0,141
0,156
Konsentrasi Pengamatan
(ppm)
Replika Replika Replika
si 1
si 2
si 3
2,966
4,225
3,805
2,756
3,595
3,386
5,694
4,645
5,064
4,645
5,274
5,903
7,582
5,903
6,533
8,211
6,743
7,162
9,680
10,939
10,100
14,506
15,555
15,135
22,479
21,430
23,108
23,947
23,738
24,996
28,773
27,304
28,144
31,920
30,242
31,291
56
Qt (µg/cm2)
Replikas
i1
61,399
57,056
117,861
96,145
156,951
169,980
200,383
300,278
465,322
495,725
595,620
660,769
Replikas
i2
87,458
74,429
96,145
109,175
122,204
139,577
226,443
321,994
443,606
491,382
565,217
626,023
Replikas
i3
78,772
70,085
104,831
122,204
135,234
148,264
209,070
313,308
478,352
517,441
582,590
647,739
Qt ratarata
SD
75,876
67,190
106,279
109,175
138,130
152,607
211,965
311,860
462,427
501,516
581,142
644,844
13,269
9,041
10,930
13,030
17,553
15,660
13,269
10,930
17,553
13,962
15,253
17,553
LAMPIRAN H
HASIL UJI ANOVA INDEKS PENGEMBANGAN DENGAN DESIGN EXPERT®
69
Response 1 Indeks pengembangan
ANOVA for selected factorial model
Analysis of variance table [Partial sum of squares - Type III]
Sum of
Mean
Source
Squares
df
Square
Model
4.99
3
1.66
significant
A-Natrium Alginat
4.25
1
4.25
B-Gliserin
0.72
1
0.72
AB
0.015
1
0.015
Pure Error
0.058
8
7.220E-003
Cor Total
5.05
11
F
Value
230.25
p-value
Prob > F
< 0.0001
588.55
100.10
2.08
< 0.0001
< 0.0001
0.1868
The Model F-value of 230.25 implies the model is significant. There is only
a 0.01% chance that a "Model F-Value" this large could occur due to noise.
Values of "Prob > F" less than 0.0500 indicate model terms are significant.
In this case A, B are significant model terms.
Values greater than 0.1000 indicate the model terms are not significant.
If there are many insignificant model terms (not counting those required to support hierarchy),
model reduction may improve your model.
57
Std. Dev.
Mean2.29
C.V. %
PRESS
0.085
Adj R-Squared
3.71
0.13
R-Squared
0.9843
Pred R-Squared
Adeq Precision
0.9886
0.9742
34.265
The "Pred R-Squared" of 0.9742 is in reasonable agreement with the "Adj R-Squared" of 0.9843.
"Adeq Precision" measures the signal to noise ratio. A ratio greater than 4 is desirable. Your
ratio of 34.265 indicates an adequate signal. This model can be used to navigate the design space.
70
Coefficient
Factor
VIF
Intercept
A-Natrium Alginat
1.00
B-Gliserin
1.00
AB-0.035
Estimate
Standard
df
95% CI
Error
95% CI
Low
High
2.29
0.60
1
1
0.025
0.025
2.23
0.54
2.35
0.65
0.25
1
0.025
0.19
0.30
1
0.025
-0.092
0.021
1.00
58
Final Equation in Terms of Coded Factors:
Indeks Pengembangan
=
+2.29
+0.60
*A
+0.25
*B
-0.035
*A*B
Final Equation in Terms of Actual Factors:
Indeks Pengembangan
=
+2.29025
+0.59508
* Natrium Alginat
+0.24542
* Gliserin
-0.035417
* Natrium Alginat * Gliserin
71
The Diagnostics Case Statistics Report has been moved to the Diagnostics Node.
In the Diagnostics Node, Select Case Statistics from the View Menu.
Proceed to Diagnostic Plots (the next icon in progression). Be sure to look at the:
1) Normal probability plot of the studentized residuals to check for normality of residuals.
2) Studentized residuals versus predicted values to check for constant error.
3) Externally Studentized Residuals to look for outliers, i.e., influential values.
4) Box-Cox plot for power transformations.
If all the model statistics and diagnostic plots are OK, finish up with the Model Graphs icon.
59
LAMPIRAN I
Hasil Uji Anova Lama Merekat dengan Design expert®
72
Response 2 Lama merekat
ANOVA for selected factorial model
Analysis of variance table [Partial sum of squares - Type III]
Sum of
Mean F
Source
Squares
df
Square
Model
38092.25
3
12697.4257.78
A-Natrium Alginat
33180.08
1
33180.08
B-gliserin
4602.08
1
4602.0820.94
AB
310.08
1
310.08
Pure Error
1758.00
8
219.75
Cor Total
39850.25
11
p-value
Value
Prob > F
< 0.0001
significant
150.99
< 0.0001
0.0018
1.41
0.2689
The Model F-value of 57.78 implies the model is significant. There is only
a 0.01% chance that a "Model F-Value" this large could occur due to noise.
Values of "Prob > F" less than 0.0500 indicate model terms are significant.
In this case A, B are significant model terms.
Values greater than 0.1000 indicate the model terms are not significant.
If there are many insignificant model terms (not counting those required to support hierarchy),
model reduction may improve your model.
60
Std. Dev.
Mean188.25
C.V. %
PRESS
14.82
Adj R-Squared
7.87
3955.50
R-Squared
0.9393
Pred R-Squared
Adeq Precision
0.9559
0.9007
16.864
The "Pred R-Squared" of 0.9007 is in reasonable agreement with the "Adj R-Squared" of 0.9393.
"Adeq Precision" measures the signal to noise ratio. A ratio greater than 4 is desirable. Your
ratio of 16.864 indicates an adequate signal. This model can be used to navigate the design space.
73
Factor
Intercept
A-Natrium Alginat
B-gliserin
AB
Coefficient
Estimate
188.25
52.58
19.58
-5.08
df
1
1
1
1
Standard
Error
4.28
4.28
4.28
4.28
Final Equation in Terms of Coded Factors:
lama merekat
=
+188.25
+52.58
*A
+19.58
*B
-5.08
*A*B
61
95% CI
Low
178.38
42.72
9.72
-14.95
95% CI
High
198.12
62.45
29.45
4.78
VIF
1.00
1.00
1.00
Final Equation in Terms of Actual Factors:
lama merekat
+188.25000
+52.58333
+19.58333
-5.08333
=
* Natrium Alginat
* gliserin
* Natrium Alginat * gliserin
The Diagnostics Case Statistics Report has been moved to the Diagnostics Node. In the Diagnostics Node, Select Case
Statistics from the View Menu.
74
Proceed to Diagnostic Plots (the next icon in progression). Be sure to look at the:
1) Normal probability plot of the studentized residuals to check for normality of residuals.
2) Studentized residuals versus predicted values to check for constant error.
3) Externally Studentized Residuals to look for outliers, i.e., influential values.
4) Box-Cox plot for power transformations.
If all the model statistics and diagnostic plots are OK, finish up with the Model Graphs icon.
62
LAMPIRAN J
Hasil Uji Anova Pelepasan dengan Design expert®
75
Response 4 Pelepasan
ANOVA for selected factorial model
Analysis of variance table [Partial sum of squares - Type III]
Sum of
Mean
Source
Squares
df
Square
Model
5821.99
3
1940.66
A-Natrium Alginat
5121.20
1
5121.20
B-gliserin
697.69
1
697.69
AB
3.10
1
3.10
Pure Error
134.85
8
16.86
Cor Total
5956.84
11
F
Value
115.13
303.81
41.39
0.18
p-value
Prob > F
< 0.0001
< 0.0001
0.0002
0.6793
The Model F-value of 115.13 implies the model is significant. There is only
a 0.01% chance that a "Model F-Value" this large could occur due to noise.
Values of "Prob > F" less than 0.0500 indicate model terms are significant.
In this case A, B are significant model terms.
Values greater than 0.1000 indicate the model terms are not significant.
If there are many insignificant model terms (not counting those required to support hierarchy),
model reduction may improve your model.
63
significant
Std. Dev.
Mean127.58
C.V. %
PRESS
4.11
Adj R-Squared
3.22
303.42
R-Squared
0.9689
Pred R-Squared
Adeq Precision
0.9774
0.9491
23.864
The "Pred R-Squared" of 0.9491 is in reasonable agreement with the "Adj R-Squared" of 0.9689.
"Adeq Precision" measures the signal to noise ratio. A ratio greater than 4 is desirable. Your
ratio of 23.864 indicates an adequate signal. This model can be used to navigate the design space.
76
Factor
Intercept
A-Natrium Alginat
B-gliserin
AB
Coefficient
Estimate
127.58
-20.66
-7.63
0.51
Standard
Error
1.19
1.19
1.19
1.19
df
1
1
1
1
Final Equation in Terms of Coded Factors:
pelepasan
=
+127.58
-20.66
*A
-7.63
*B
+0.51
*A*B
64
95% CI
Low
124.84
-23.39
-10.36
-2.22
95% CI
High
130.31
-17.93
-4.89
3.24
VIF
1.00
1.00
1.00
Final Equation in Terms of Actual Factors:
pelepasan
=
+127.57500
-20.65833
* Natrium Alginat
-7.62500
* gliserin
+0.50833
* Natrium Alginat * gliserin
77
The Diagnostics Case Statistics Report has been moved to the Diagnostics Node.
In the Diagnostics Node, Select Case Statistics from the View Menu.
Proceed to Diagnostic Plots (the next icon in progression). Be sure to look at the:
1) Normal probability plot of the studentized residuals to check for normality of residuals.
2) Studentized residuals versus predicted values to check for constant error.
3) Externally Studentized Residuals to look for outliers, i.e., influential values.
4) Box-Cox plot for power transformations.
If all the model statistics and diagnostic plots are OK, finish up with the Model Graphs icon.
65
LAMPIRAN K
Formula Optimum Berdasarkan Metode Design expert®
Solutions
Number
78
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
Natrium
Alginat
-0,80
-0,69
-1,00
-0,63
-0,24
-0,32
-0,44
-0,65
-0,77
-0,95
-0,53
-0,51
-0,33
-0,74
-0,28
-0,87
-0,79
-0,90
-0,27
-0,36
-0,89
-0,16
-0,80
-0,24
Gliserin
-0,80
-0,86
1,00
0,72
-0,87
-0,53
-0,10
0,17
0,29
0,54
0,34
-0,06
-0,31
0,30
-0,51
-0,08
0,49
-0,75
-0,75
-0,87
0,15
-0,91
0,71
-0,60
Indeks
Pengembangan
1,59518
1,64455
1,976
2,1123
1,92659
1,96661
2,00317
1,94742
1,91081
1,87904
2,06626
1,97077
2,01434
1,93448
1,99397
1,75297
1,95416
1,54677
1,93609
1,84777
1,80039
1,96978
2,00722
1,99791
66
Lama
Merekat
127,263
131,838
160,333
171,887
157,546
160,435
163,008
157,813
154,548
151,776
168,094
160,089
164,327
156,611
162,865
140,805
158,278
122,808
158,124
150,364
144,911
161,568
162,861
163,399
Pelepasan
Desirability
150,527
148,787
140,1
134,728
139,267
138,218
137,419
139,714
141,172
142,709
135,783
138,587
136,799
140,36
137,301
146,113
139,961
152,232
139,054
141,925
144,813
137,785
138,454
137,087
1,000 Selected
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
-0,09
-0,86
-0,13
-0,51
-0,84
-0,37
-0,54
-0,27
-0,82
-0,57
-0,80
0,51
-0,79
-0,99
0,27
-0,15
0,53
-0,22
0,59
-0,20
2,0366
1,91638
2,01508
1,72737
1,8617
2,03333
2,10636
2,07283
1,9613
1,89514
167,362
155,003
165,401
139,611
150,261
165,751
171,45
169,385
158,894
153,532
79
67
135,615
141,327
136,344
145,867
142,853
136,324
134,642
134,883
139,867
141,03
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
LAMPIRAN L
Point Prediction dengan Design expert®
Factor
Name
A Natrium Alginat
B Gliserin
0.000
0.000
Level
-1.00
-1.00
ResponsePredictionStd DevSE Mean
80
IP
LM
P
2,29025 0,0849721 0,0245293
188,25
14,824
4,27931
127,575
4,10569
1,18521
Low Level
1.00
1.00
95%
CI low
2,23369
178,382
124,842
High Level Std. Dev.
0.000 Actual
0.000 Actual
95%
SE
95%
CI high
Pred
PI low
2,34681 0,0884417 2,0863
198,118
15,4293 152,67
130,308
4,27333 117,721
Keterangan :
IP
= Indeks Pengembangan
LM
= Lama Merekat
P
= Pelepasan
68
95%
PI high
2,4942
223,83
137,429
Coding
99% ofPopulation
95%
95%
TI low
TI high
1,87014
2,71036
114,959
261,541
107,276
147,874
LAMPIRAN M
Tabel Uji r
Dikutip dari: Soedigdo & Soedigdo (1977)
81
LAMPIRAN N
Tabel Uji F
Tabel Distribusi F
Denomins
for Degrees
ofFreedo rn
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
. 10
II
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
40
60
120
00
Numerator Degrees of Freedolll
1
161.4
lUI
10.73
7.71
6.61
5.99
5.59
5,32
5.12
4.96
4.84
4.75
4.67
4.60
4.54
4,49
4,45
4,41
4,38
4.35
4.32
4.30
4.28
4.26
4.24
4.23
4.21
4.20
4.18
4.17
4.08
4.00
3.92
384
2
199.5
19.00
9.55
6.94
5.79
5.14
4.74
4.46
4.26
4.10
3.98
3.89
3.81
3.74
3.68
3.63
3.59
3.55
3.52
3.49
3.47
3.44
3.42
3.40
3.39
337
3,35
334
3.33
332
3.23
315
3.07
3.00
3
215.7
19.16
9.28
6.59
5.41
4.76
4.35
4.07
3.86
3.71
3.59
3.49
3.41
3.34
329
3.24
3.20
3.16
113
3.10
3.07
3.05
3.03
3.01
2.99
2.98
2.96
2.95
2.93
2.92
2.84
2.76
2.68
2.60
4
224.6
19.25
9.12
6.39
5.19
4.53
4.12
3.84
3.63
3.48
3.36
3.26
3. 18
3.11
3.06
301
2.96
2.93
2.90
2.87
2.84
2.82
2.80
2.78
2.76
2.74
2.73
2.71
2.70
2.69
2.61
2.53
2.45
2.37
(Sumber: John E, 1992)
82
5
230.2
19,30
9.01
6.26
5.05
4,39
3.97
3.69
3.'18
3.33
3.20
3.11
303
2.96
2.90
2.85
2.81
2.77
2.74
2.71
2.68
2.66
2.64
2.62
2.60
2.59
2.57
2.56
2.55
2.53
2.45
2.37
2.29
2.2 1
6
234.0
19.33
8.94
6.16
4.95
4.28
3.87
3.58
7
8
236.8 238.9
19,35
19.37
8.89
8.85
609
6.04
4.88
4.82
421
4.15
3.J9
3.71
3.50
3.44
),37
3.29
3.23
3.22
3.14
3.07
309
3.0 I 1 2.95
3.00
2.91
2.85
2.92
2.83
2.77
2.85
2.76
2.70
2.79
2.71
2.64
2.74
2.66
2.59
2.70
2.61
2.55
2.66
2.58
2.51
2.63
2.54
2,48
2.60
2.51
2.45
2.57
2,49
2.42
2.55
2.46
2.40
2.53
2,44
2.37
2.51
2,42
2,36
2.49
2.40
2.34
2.47
2.39
2.32
2,46 .37~
2.31
2.45
2.36
2.29
2,43
2.35
2.28
2.~
2.33
2.27
2.34
2.25
2.18
2.25
2.17
2.10
2. I7
209
2.02
2.1 0
2.01
1.94
I
9
240.5
19.38
8.81
6.00
4.77
4.10
3.68
3.39
3. 18
302
2.90
280
2.71
2.65
2.59
2.54
2,49
2,46
2.42
2.39
2.37
2,34
2.32
2,30.
2.28
2.27
2.25
2.24
2.22
2.21
2.12
2.04
1.96
1.88
I
LAMPIRAN O
Hasil Uji Anova Penetapan Kadar
Anova : Single Factor
SUMMARY
Groups
Count
Sum
Average
Variance
Column 1
3
310.4637
103.4879
3.419211
Column 2
3
304.0254
101.3418
3.296778
Column 3
3
304.8715
101.6238
2.998791
Column 4
3
302.6559
100.8853
3.218669
ANOVA
Source of
Variation
SS
Df
MS
11.76536
3
3.921786
25.8669
8
3.233362
37.63226
11
F
P-value
F crit
1.212913
0.365909
4.066181
Between
Groups
Within
Groups
Total
83
LAMPIRAN P
Sertifikat Analisis Atenolol
calao
Certificate of Analysis
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A"i'FNJi.
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-
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-;
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czrlf, •
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"'Of ,...~
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84
PERHITUNGAN STATISTIK UNTUK MENGETAHUI
PERBEDAAN BERMAKNA ANTAR PERSAMAAN REGRESI
Data kurva baku Atenolol dalam larutan dapar fosfat isotonis pH 6,8
pengujian 1
Konsentrasi
(µg/mL)
1,01
3,03
5,05
15,15
25,25
35,35
50,5
65,65
80,8
95,95
X2
Serapan (A)
0,029
0,031
0,045
0,104
0,159
0,191
0,266
0,35
0,424
0,485
1,0201
9,1809
25,5025
229,5225
637,5625
1249,6225
2550,25
4309,9225
6528,64
9206,4025
24747,626
Y2
0,0008
0,0010
0,0020
0,0108
0,0253
0,0365
0,0708
0,1225
0,1798
0,2352
0,6847
XY
0,0293
0,0939
0,2273
1,5756
4,0148
6,7519
13,4330
22,9775
34,2592
46,5358
129,8981
Data kurva baku Atenolol dalam larutan dapar fosfat isotonis pH 6,8
pengujian 2
Konsentrasi
(µg/mL)
1,01
3,03
5,05
15,15
25,25
35,35
50,5
65,65
80,8
95,95
Serapan (A)
0,017
0,021
0,024
0,077
0,128
0,176
0,252
0,321
0,391
0,462
X2
1,0201
9,1809
25,5025
229,5225
637,5625
1249,6225
2550,25
4309,9225
6528,64
9206,4025
24747,626
56
Y2
0,0003
0,0004
0,0006
0,0059
0,0164
0,0310
0,0635
0,1030
0,1529
0,2134
0,5875
XY
0,0172
0,0636
0,1212
1,1666
3,2320
6,2216
12,7260
21,0737
31,5928
44,3289
120,5435
Data kurva baku Atenolol dalam larutan dapar fosfat isotonis pH 6,8
pengujian 3
Konsentrasi
(µg/mL)
1,01
3,03
5,05
15,15
25,25
35,35
50,5
65,65
80,8
95,95
Regresi I
Regresi
II
Regresi
III
X2
Serapan (A)
0,024
0,034
0,051
0,089
0,142
0,191
0,258
0,338
0,41
0,482
1,0201
9,1809
25,5025
229,5225
637,5625
1249,6225
2550,25
4309,9225
6528,64
9206,4025
24747,626
Y2
0,0006
0,0012
0,0026
0,0079
0,0202
0,0365
0,0666
0,1142
0,1681
0,2323
0,6501
XY
0,0242
0,1030
0,2576
1,3484
3,5855
6,7519
13,0290
22,1897
33,1280
46,2479
126,6651
ΣX2
24747,626
ΣXY
129,8981
ΣY2
0,6847
N
10
SSi
0,6794
RDF
9
24747,626
120,5435
0,5875
10
0,5826
9
24747,626
126,6651
0,6501
10
0,6450
9
74242,878 377,1067
1,9223
SSc
=
[(
)/
]
= 1,9223 – [377,1067 / 74242,878]
= 1,9172
SSp
= SS1 + SS2 + SS3
= 0,6794 + 0,5826 + 0,6450
= 1,907
F
= (SSc SSp / k 1) / (SSp/27)
= ((1,9172 1,907) 3 1) / (1,907/27)
= 0,0722
Ftabel = 3,35
Fhitung (0,0722) < Ftabel (3,35)
57
1,9070
LAMPIRAN B
PERHITUNGAN AKURASI DAN PRESISI
Data Akurasi
Replikasi
1
2
3
Kadar
(%)
80
100
120
80
100
120
80
100
120
Serapan
(A)
0,083
0,102
0,121
0,084
0,104
0,124
0,083
0,105
0,124
Csampel
(ppm)
15,974
19,961
23,947
16,184
20,381
24,577
15,974
20,171
24,577
C teoritis
(ppm)
16,080
20,200
24,000
16,020
20,200
24,240
16,180
20,280
24,400
%Perolehan
kembali
99,34
98,82
99,78
101,03
100,89
101,39
98,73
99,46
100,72
Data Presisi
Konsentrasi
Replikasi
Serapan
(A)
C sampel
(ppm)
C teoritis
(ppm)
Kadar
100%
1
2
3
4
5
6
0,102
0,104
0,104
0,103
0,102
0,105
19,961
20,381
20,381
20,171
19,961
20,590
20,200
20,280
20,200
20,280
20,080
20,320
Rata-rata
SD
KV
58
%
perolehan
kembali
98,82
100,50
100,89
99,46
99,41
101,33
100,07
0,98
0,97
Contoh perhitungan :
Dari hasil serapan dimasukkan kedalam persamaan kurva baku
terpilih yaitu :
y = 0,0069 + 4,7662.10-3x
Dimana :
y = Serapan
x = Konsentrasi teramati
Kemudian hitung % perolehan kembali dengan rumus :
Misal : data replikasi 1
y = 0,0069 + 4,7662.10-3x
0,102 = 0,0069 + 4,7662.10-3x
x = 19,961
% perolehan kembali
= (19,961/20,200) x 100%
= 98,82
59
LAMPIRAN C
Perhitungan Hasil Uji Penetapan Kadar Film Atenolol
Formula
F1
F2
60
F3
F4
Replikasi
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
Serapan
(A)
0,105
0,104
0,107
0,105
0,101
0,104
0,102
0,104
0,105
0,101
0,104
0,104
C
(ppm)
20,590
20,381
21,010
20,590
19,751
20,381
19,961
20,381
20,590
19,751
20,381
20,381
C
(mg/cm²)
1,030
1,019
1,050
1,030
0,988
1,019
0,998
1,019
1,030
0,988
1,019
1,019
C
teoritis
1,002
0,998
0,995
1,004
0,995
0,997
1,002
0,996
1,000
0,999
1,002
0,998
C(ppm) = (Serapan – a) / b
= (0,105 – 0,006863439) / 0,00476615
= 20,590
Nilai a dan b berasal dari perhitungan regresi linear pada hari ke-2.
45
Kadar
(%)
102,797
102,084
105,583
102,573
99,257
102,195
99,655
102,307
102,909
98,823
101,750
102,084
Rata2
Kadar
SD
KV
103,488
1,849
1,787
101,342
1,816
1,792
101,624
1,732
1,704
100,885
1,794
1,778
Penimbangan
(mg)
91,7
91,4
91,1
91,9
91,1
91,3
91,7
91,2
91,6
91,5
91,7
91,4
Cteoritis = Penimbangan / Luas sediaan
= 91,7 / 91,5624
= 1,002
% Kadar = C(mg/cm2) / C teoritis x 100
= 1,030 / 1,002 x100
= 102,797 %
61
46
LAMPIRAN D
Perhitungan Hasil Uji Homogenitas Film Atenolol
F
F1
F2
62
F3
F4
R
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
1
2
3
Konsentrasi
(mg/cm2)
Absorbansi (A)
Titik
1
0,105
0,104
0,107
0,105
0,101
0,104
0,102
0,104
0,105
0,101
0,104
0,104
Titik
2
0,103
0,105
0,108
0,102
0,103
0,106
0,101
0,105
0,103
0,100
0,102
0,102
Titik
3
0,105
0,107
0,105
0,103
0,100
0,106
0,104
0,102
0,106
0,103
0,101
0,105
Titik
1
1,030
1,019
1,050
1,030
0,988
1,019
0,998
1,019
1,030
0,988
1,019
1,019
Titik
2
1,009
1,030
1,061
0,998
1,009
1,040
0,988
1,030
1,009
0,977
0,998
0,998
C
teoritis
Titik
3
1,030
1,050
1,030
1,009
0,977
1,040
1,019
0,998
1,040
1,009
0,988
1,030
1,002
0,998
0,995
1,004
0,995
0,997
1,002
0,996
1,000
0,999
1,002
0,998
Kadar (%)
Titik
1
102,797
102,084
105,583
102,573
99,257
102,195
99,655
102,307
102,909
98,823
101,750
102,084
Keterangan :
F = Formula
R = Replikasi
Titik 1,2 dan 3 = Pengambilan sediaan pada tiga titik/tempat yang berbeda
47
Titik
2
100,702
103,135
106,637
99,438
101,365
104,300
98,607
103,361
100,812
97,773
99,655
99,982
Titik
3
102,797
105,236
103,474
100,483
98,202
104,300
101,750
100,201
103,958
100,922
98,607
103,135
Kadar
ratarata
(%)
SD
KV
102,099
103,485
105,231
100,831
99,608
103,598
100,004
101,956
102,560
99,173
100,004
101,733
1,210
1,605
1,611
1,597
1,611
1,215
1,600
1,609
1,602
1,604
1,600
1,605
1,185
1,551
1,531
1,583
1,617
1,173
1,600
1,578
1,562
1,617
1,600
1,578
LAMPIRAN E
Perhitungan Hasil Uji Indeks Pengembangan
Formula 1
Replikasi
1
2
3
W1 (gram)
W2 (gram)
0,0583
0,1403
0,0571
0,1386
0,0580
0,1398
Rata-rata ± SD
Indeks
Pengembangan
1,406
1,427
1,410
1.415± 0.011
Formula 2
Replikasi
1
2
3
W1 (gram)
W2 (gram)
0,0805
0,2452
0,0958
0,2814
0,1009
0,2995
Rata-rata ± SD
Indeks
Pengembangan
2,046
1,914
1,968
1.976± 0.066
Formula 3
Replikasi
1
2
3
W1 (gram)
W2 (gram)
0,0530
0,1941
0,0802
0,2871
0,0688
0,2604
Rata-rata ± SD
Indeks
Pengembangan
2,662
2,579
2,785
2,675 ± 0,104
Formula 4
Replikasi
1
2
3
W1 (gram)
W2 (gram)
0,1172
0,4652
0,1069
0,4489
0,1093
0,4501
Rata-rata ± SD
Keterangan :
W1 = Berat awal sediaan film
W2 = Berat sediaan film setelah mengembang
63
Indeks
Pengembangan
1,271
1,166
1,369
3.096 ± 0.117
LAMPIRAN F
Perhitungan Hasil Uji Lama Merekat
Formula
F1
F2
F3
F4
1
110
179
239
250
Replikasi (menit)
2
105
169
230
261
64
Rata-rata ± SD
3
118
133
210
255
111,000 ± 6,557
173,667 ± 5,033
226,333 ± 14,844
255,333 ± 5,508
LAMPIRAN G
DATA HASIL UJI PELEPASAN ATENOLOL
PELEPASAN FORMULA 1
t
(jam)
Serapan (A)
65
0,083
0,167
0,250
0,333
0,417
0,500
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
Replika
si 1
0,028
0,035
0,036
0,034
0,06
0,065
0,102
0,170
0,189
0,195
0,229
0,232
Replika
si 2
0,025
0,031
0,026
0,054
0,056
0,074
0,094
0,158
0,174
0,189
0,211
0,224
Replika
si 3
0,021
0,03
0,029
0,047
0,065
0,061
0,101
0,154
0,180
0,191
0,218
0,229
Qt
= (65 x Cpengamatan) / 3,14
Konsentrasi Pengamatan
(ppm)
Replika Replika Replika
si 1
si 2
si 3
4,435
3,805
2,966
5,903
5,064
4,854
6,113
4,015
4,645
5,694
9,890
8,421
11,149
10,309
12,198
12,198
14,086
11,359
19,961
18,282
19,751
34,228
31,710
30,871
38,215
35,067
36,326
39,473
38,215
38,634
46,607
42,830
44,299
47,237
45,558
46,607
= (65 x 4,435) / 3,14
= 91,802
53
Qt (µg/cm2)
Replika
si 1
91,802
122,204
126,548
117,861
230,786
252,502
413,203
708,545
791,067
817,126
964,797
977,827
Replika
si 2
78,772
104,831
83,115
204,726
213,413
291,592
378,457
656,426
725,918
791,067
886,619
943,081
Replika
si 3
61,399
100,488
96,145
174,324
252,502
235,129
408,860
639,053
751,977
799,753
917,021
964,797
Qt ratarata
77,324
109,175
101,936
165,637
232,234
259,741
400,173
668,008
756,321
802,649
922,812
961,902
SD
15,253
11,491
22,288
44,079
19,585
28,919
18,932
36,165
32,791
13,269
39,410
17,553
Pelepasan Formula 2
Serapan (A)
66
t
(jam)
0,083
0,167
0,250
0,333
0,417
0,500
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
Replika
si 1
0,025
0,031
0,029
0,036
0,048
0,054
0,075
0,099
0,136
0,187
0,193
0,213
Replika
si 2
0,021
0,034
0,039
0,046
0,051
0,060
0,086
0,109
0,142
0,179
0,196
0,210
Replik
asi 3
0,023
0,029
0,027
0,038
0,054
0,059
0,081
0,105
0,152
0,176
0,189
0,203
Konsentrasi Pengamatan
(ppm)
Replika Replika Replika
si 1
si 2
si 3
3,805
2,966
3,386
5,064
5,694
4,645
4,645
6,743
4,225
6,113
8,211
6,533
8,631
9,260
9,890
9,890
11,149
10,939
14,296
16,604
15,555
19,331
21,430
20,590
27,095
28,353
30,452
37,795
36,116
35,487
39,054
39,683
38,215
43,250
42,621
41,152
54
Qt (µg/cm2)
Replika
si 1
78,772
104,831
96,145
126,548
178,667
204,726
295,935
400,173
560,874
782,380
808,440
895,305
Replika
si 2
61,399
117,861
139,577
169,980
191,697
230,786
343,711
443,606
586,933
747,634
821,470
882,275
Replika
si 3
70,085
96,145
87,458
135,234
204,726
226,443
321,994
426,233
630,366
734,604
791,067
851,872
Qt ratarata
SD
70,085
106,279
107,727
143,921
191,697
220,652
320,547
423,337
592,724
754,873
806,992
876,484
8,687
10,930
27,923
22,982
13,030
13,962
23,921
21,861
35,106
24,697
15,253
22,288
Pelepasan Formula 3
t
(jam)
67
0,083
0,167
0,250
0,333
0,417
0,500
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
Serapan (A)
Replika
si 1
0,023
0,021
0,038
0,036
0,039
0048
0,055
0,092
0,114
0,127
0,167
0,183
Replika
si 2
0,021
0,019
0,028
0,039
0,035
0,047
0,059
0,089
0,121
0,129
0,161
0,179
Replik
asi 3
0,019
0,024
0,046
0,045
0,048
0,054
0,061
0,084
0,118
0,133
0,159
0,178
Konsentrasi Pengamatan
(ppm)
Replik Replika Replika
asi 1
si 2
si 3
3,386
2,966
2,546
2,966
2,546
3,595
6,533
4,435
8,211
6,113
6,743
8,002
6,743
5,903
8,631
8,631
8,421
9,890
10,100
10,939
11,359
17,863
17,233
16,184
22,479
23,947
23,318
25,206
25,626
26,465
33,599
32,340
31,920
36,956
36,116
35,907
55
Qt (µg/cm2)
Replika
si 1
70,085
61,399
135,234
126,548
139,577
178,667
209,070
369,770
465,322
521,785
695,515
765,007
Replika
si 2
61,399
52,712
91,802
139,577
122,204
174,324
226,443
356,741
495,725
530,471
669,455
747,634
Replik
asi 3
52,712
74,429
169,980
165,637
178,667
204,726
235,129
335,024
482,695
547,844
660,769
743,291
Qt ratarata
SD
61,399
62,847
132,339
143,921
146,816
185,906
223,547
353,845
481,247
533,367
675,246
751,977
8,687
10,930
39,170
19,903
28,919
16,443
13,269
17,553
15,253
13,269
18,082
11,491
Pelepasan Formula 4
Serapan (A)
t (jam)
68
0,083
0,167
0,250
0,333
0,417
0,500
1,000
2,000
3,000
4,000
5,000
6,000
Replika
si 1
0,021
0,020
0,034
0,029
0,043
0,046
0,053
0,076
0,114
0,121
0,144
0,159
Replika
si 2
0,027
0,024
0,029
0,032
0,035
0,039
0,059
0,081
0,109
0,120
0,137
0,151
Replika
si 3
0,025
0,023
0,031
0,035
0,038
0,041
0,055
0,079
0,117
0,126
0,141
0,156
Konsentrasi Pengamatan
(ppm)
Replika Replika Replika
si 1
si 2
si 3
2,966
4,225
3,805
2,756
3,595
3,386
5,694
4,645
5,064
4,645
5,274
5,903
7,582
5,903
6,533
8,211
6,743
7,162
9,680
10,939
10,100
14,506
15,555
15,135
22,479
21,430
23,108
23,947
23,738
24,996
28,773
27,304
28,144
31,920
30,242
31,291
56
Qt (µg/cm2)
Replikas
i1
61,399
57,056
117,861
96,145
156,951
169,980
200,383
300,278
465,322
495,725
595,620
660,769
Replikas
i2
87,458
74,429
96,145
109,175
122,204
139,577
226,443
321,994
443,606
491,382
565,217
626,023
Replikas
i3
78,772
70,085
104,831
122,204
135,234
148,264
209,070
313,308
478,352
517,441
582,590
647,739
Qt ratarata
SD
75,876
67,190
106,279
109,175
138,130
152,607
211,965
311,860
462,427
501,516
581,142
644,844
13,269
9,041
10,930
13,030
17,553
15,660
13,269
10,930
17,553
13,962
15,253
17,553
LAMPIRAN H
HASIL UJI ANOVA INDEKS PENGEMBANGAN DENGAN DESIGN EXPERT®
69
Response 1 Indeks pengembangan
ANOVA for selected factorial model
Analysis of variance table [Partial sum of squares - Type III]
Sum of
Mean
Source
Squares
df
Square
Model
4.99
3
1.66
significant
A-Natrium Alginat
4.25
1
4.25
B-Gliserin
0.72
1
0.72
AB
0.015
1
0.015
Pure Error
0.058
8
7.220E-003
Cor Total
5.05
11
F
Value
230.25
p-value
Prob > F
< 0.0001
588.55
100.10
2.08
< 0.0001
< 0.0001
0.1868
The Model F-value of 230.25 implies the model is significant. There is only
a 0.01% chance that a "Model F-Value" this large could occur due to noise.
Values of "Prob > F" less than 0.0500 indicate model terms are significant.
In this case A, B are significant model terms.
Values greater than 0.1000 indicate the model terms are not significant.
If there are many insignificant model terms (not counting those required to support hierarchy),
model reduction may improve your model.
57
Std. Dev.
Mean2.29
C.V. %
PRESS
0.085
Adj R-Squared
3.71
0.13
R-Squared
0.9843
Pred R-Squared
Adeq Precision
0.9886
0.9742
34.265
The "Pred R-Squared" of 0.9742 is in reasonable agreement with the "Adj R-Squared" of 0.9843.
"Adeq Precision" measures the signal to noise ratio. A ratio greater than 4 is desirable. Your
ratio of 34.265 indicates an adequate signal. This model can be used to navigate the design space.
70
Coefficient
Factor
VIF
Intercept
A-Natrium Alginat
1.00
B-Gliserin
1.00
AB-0.035
Estimate
Standard
df
95% CI
Error
95% CI
Low
High
2.29
0.60
1
1
0.025
0.025
2.23
0.54
2.35
0.65
0.25
1
0.025
0.19
0.30
1
0.025
-0.092
0.021
1.00
58
Final Equation in Terms of Coded Factors:
Indeks Pengembangan
=
+2.29
+0.60
*A
+0.25
*B
-0.035
*A*B
Final Equation in Terms of Actual Factors:
Indeks Pengembangan
=
+2.29025
+0.59508
* Natrium Alginat
+0.24542
* Gliserin
-0.035417
* Natrium Alginat * Gliserin
71
The Diagnostics Case Statistics Report has been moved to the Diagnostics Node.
In the Diagnostics Node, Select Case Statistics from the View Menu.
Proceed to Diagnostic Plots (the next icon in progression). Be sure to look at the:
1) Normal probability plot of the studentized residuals to check for normality of residuals.
2) Studentized residuals versus predicted values to check for constant error.
3) Externally Studentized Residuals to look for outliers, i.e., influential values.
4) Box-Cox plot for power transformations.
If all the model statistics and diagnostic plots are OK, finish up with the Model Graphs icon.
59
LAMPIRAN I
Hasil Uji Anova Lama Merekat dengan Design expert®
72
Response 2 Lama merekat
ANOVA for selected factorial model
Analysis of variance table [Partial sum of squares - Type III]
Sum of
Mean F
Source
Squares
df
Square
Model
38092.25
3
12697.4257.78
A-Natrium Alginat
33180.08
1
33180.08
B-gliserin
4602.08
1
4602.0820.94
AB
310.08
1
310.08
Pure Error
1758.00
8
219.75
Cor Total
39850.25
11
p-value
Value
Prob > F
< 0.0001
significant
150.99
< 0.0001
0.0018
1.41
0.2689
The Model F-value of 57.78 implies the model is significant. There is only
a 0.01% chance that a "Model F-Value" this large could occur due to noise.
Values of "Prob > F" less than 0.0500 indicate model terms are significant.
In this case A, B are significant model terms.
Values greater than 0.1000 indicate the model terms are not significant.
If there are many insignificant model terms (not counting those required to support hierarchy),
model reduction may improve your model.
60
Std. Dev.
Mean188.25
C.V. %
PRESS
14.82
Adj R-Squared
7.87
3955.50
R-Squared
0.9393
Pred R-Squared
Adeq Precision
0.9559
0.9007
16.864
The "Pred R-Squared" of 0.9007 is in reasonable agreement with the "Adj R-Squared" of 0.9393.
"Adeq Precision" measures the signal to noise ratio. A ratio greater than 4 is desirable. Your
ratio of 16.864 indicates an adequate signal. This model can be used to navigate the design space.
73
Factor
Intercept
A-Natrium Alginat
B-gliserin
AB
Coefficient
Estimate
188.25
52.58
19.58
-5.08
df
1
1
1
1
Standard
Error
4.28
4.28
4.28
4.28
Final Equation in Terms of Coded Factors:
lama merekat
=
+188.25
+52.58
*A
+19.58
*B
-5.08
*A*B
61
95% CI
Low
178.38
42.72
9.72
-14.95
95% CI
High
198.12
62.45
29.45
4.78
VIF
1.00
1.00
1.00
Final Equation in Terms of Actual Factors:
lama merekat
+188.25000
+52.58333
+19.58333
-5.08333
=
* Natrium Alginat
* gliserin
* Natrium Alginat * gliserin
The Diagnostics Case Statistics Report has been moved to the Diagnostics Node. In the Diagnostics Node, Select Case
Statistics from the View Menu.
74
Proceed to Diagnostic Plots (the next icon in progression). Be sure to look at the:
1) Normal probability plot of the studentized residuals to check for normality of residuals.
2) Studentized residuals versus predicted values to check for constant error.
3) Externally Studentized Residuals to look for outliers, i.e., influential values.
4) Box-Cox plot for power transformations.
If all the model statistics and diagnostic plots are OK, finish up with the Model Graphs icon.
62
LAMPIRAN J
Hasil Uji Anova Pelepasan dengan Design expert®
75
Response 4 Pelepasan
ANOVA for selected factorial model
Analysis of variance table [Partial sum of squares - Type III]
Sum of
Mean
Source
Squares
df
Square
Model
5821.99
3
1940.66
A-Natrium Alginat
5121.20
1
5121.20
B-gliserin
697.69
1
697.69
AB
3.10
1
3.10
Pure Error
134.85
8
16.86
Cor Total
5956.84
11
F
Value
115.13
303.81
41.39
0.18
p-value
Prob > F
< 0.0001
< 0.0001
0.0002
0.6793
The Model F-value of 115.13 implies the model is significant. There is only
a 0.01% chance that a "Model F-Value" this large could occur due to noise.
Values of "Prob > F" less than 0.0500 indicate model terms are significant.
In this case A, B are significant model terms.
Values greater than 0.1000 indicate the model terms are not significant.
If there are many insignificant model terms (not counting those required to support hierarchy),
model reduction may improve your model.
63
significant
Std. Dev.
Mean127.58
C.V. %
PRESS
4.11
Adj R-Squared
3.22
303.42
R-Squared
0.9689
Pred R-Squared
Adeq Precision
0.9774
0.9491
23.864
The "Pred R-Squared" of 0.9491 is in reasonable agreement with the "Adj R-Squared" of 0.9689.
"Adeq Precision" measures the signal to noise ratio. A ratio greater than 4 is desirable. Your
ratio of 23.864 indicates an adequate signal. This model can be used to navigate the design space.
76
Factor
Intercept
A-Natrium Alginat
B-gliserin
AB
Coefficient
Estimate
127.58
-20.66
-7.63
0.51
Standard
Error
1.19
1.19
1.19
1.19
df
1
1
1
1
Final Equation in Terms of Coded Factors:
pelepasan
=
+127.58
-20.66
*A
-7.63
*B
+0.51
*A*B
64
95% CI
Low
124.84
-23.39
-10.36
-2.22
95% CI
High
130.31
-17.93
-4.89
3.24
VIF
1.00
1.00
1.00
Final Equation in Terms of Actual Factors:
pelepasan
=
+127.57500
-20.65833
* Natrium Alginat
-7.62500
* gliserin
+0.50833
* Natrium Alginat * gliserin
77
The Diagnostics Case Statistics Report has been moved to the Diagnostics Node.
In the Diagnostics Node, Select Case Statistics from the View Menu.
Proceed to Diagnostic Plots (the next icon in progression). Be sure to look at the:
1) Normal probability plot of the studentized residuals to check for normality of residuals.
2) Studentized residuals versus predicted values to check for constant error.
3) Externally Studentized Residuals to look for outliers, i.e., influential values.
4) Box-Cox plot for power transformations.
If all the model statistics and diagnostic plots are OK, finish up with the Model Graphs icon.
65
LAMPIRAN K
Formula Optimum Berdasarkan Metode Design expert®
Solutions
Number
78
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
Natrium
Alginat
-0,80
-0,69
-1,00
-0,63
-0,24
-0,32
-0,44
-0,65
-0,77
-0,95
-0,53
-0,51
-0,33
-0,74
-0,28
-0,87
-0,79
-0,90
-0,27
-0,36
-0,89
-0,16
-0,80
-0,24
Gliserin
-0,80
-0,86
1,00
0,72
-0,87
-0,53
-0,10
0,17
0,29
0,54
0,34
-0,06
-0,31
0,30
-0,51
-0,08
0,49
-0,75
-0,75
-0,87
0,15
-0,91
0,71
-0,60
Indeks
Pengembangan
1,59518
1,64455
1,976
2,1123
1,92659
1,96661
2,00317
1,94742
1,91081
1,87904
2,06626
1,97077
2,01434
1,93448
1,99397
1,75297
1,95416
1,54677
1,93609
1,84777
1,80039
1,96978
2,00722
1,99791
66
Lama
Merekat
127,263
131,838
160,333
171,887
157,546
160,435
163,008
157,813
154,548
151,776
168,094
160,089
164,327
156,611
162,865
140,805
158,278
122,808
158,124
150,364
144,911
161,568
162,861
163,399
Pelepasan
Desirability
150,527
148,787
140,1
134,728
139,267
138,218
137,419
139,714
141,172
142,709
135,783
138,587
136,799
140,36
137,301
146,113
139,961
152,232
139,054
141,925
144,813
137,785
138,454
137,087
1,000 Selected
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
-0,09
-0,86
-0,13
-0,51
-0,84
-0,37
-0,54
-0,27
-0,82
-0,57
-0,80
0,51
-0,79
-0,99
0,27
-0,15
0,53
-0,22
0,59
-0,20
2,0366
1,91638
2,01508
1,72737
1,8617
2,03333
2,10636
2,07283
1,9613
1,89514
167,362
155,003
165,401
139,611
150,261
165,751
171,45
169,385
158,894
153,532
79
67
135,615
141,327
136,344
145,867
142,853
136,324
134,642
134,883
139,867
141,03
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
1,000
LAMPIRAN L
Point Prediction dengan Design expert®
Factor
Name
A Natrium Alginat
B Gliserin
0.000
0.000
Level
-1.00
-1.00
ResponsePredictionStd DevSE Mean
80
IP
LM
P
2,29025 0,0849721 0,0245293
188,25
14,824
4,27931
127,575
4,10569
1,18521
Low Level
1.00
1.00
95%
CI low
2,23369
178,382
124,842
High Level Std. Dev.
0.000 Actual
0.000 Actual
95%
SE
95%
CI high
Pred
PI low
2,34681 0,0884417 2,0863
198,118
15,4293 152,67
130,308
4,27333 117,721
Keterangan :
IP
= Indeks Pengembangan
LM
= Lama Merekat
P
= Pelepasan
68
95%
PI high
2,4942
223,83
137,429
Coding
99% ofPopulation
95%
95%
TI low
TI high
1,87014
2,71036
114,959
261,541
107,276
147,874
LAMPIRAN M
Tabel Uji r
Dikutip dari: Soedigdo & Soedigdo (1977)
81
LAMPIRAN N
Tabel Uji F
Tabel Distribusi F
Denomins
for Degrees
ofFreedo rn
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
. 10
II
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
40
60
120
00
Numerator Degrees of Freedolll
1
161.4
lUI
10.73
7.71
6.61
5.99
5.59
5,32
5.12
4.96
4.84
4.75
4.67
4.60
4.54
4,49
4,45
4,41
4,38
4.35
4.32
4.30
4.28
4.26
4.24
4.23
4.21
4.20
4.18
4.17
4.08
4.00
3.92
384
2
199.5
19.00
9.55
6.94
5.79
5.14
4.74
4.46
4.26
4.10
3.98
3.89
3.81
3.74
3.68
3.63
3.59
3.55
3.52
3.49
3.47
3.44
3.42
3.40
3.39
337
3,35
334
3.33
332
3.23
315
3.07
3.00
3
215.7
19.16
9.28
6.59
5.41
4.76
4.35
4.07
3.86
3.71
3.59
3.49
3.41
3.34
329
3.24
3.20
3.16
113
3.10
3.07
3.05
3.03
3.01
2.99
2.98
2.96
2.95
2.93
2.92
2.84
2.76
2.68
2.60
4
224.6
19.25
9.12
6.39
5.19
4.53
4.12
3.84
3.63
3.48
3.36
3.26
3. 18
3.11
3.06
301
2.96
2.93
2.90
2.87
2.84
2.82
2.80
2.78
2.76
2.74
2.73
2.71
2.70
2.69
2.61
2.53
2.45
2.37
(Sumber: John E, 1992)
82
5
230.2
19,30
9.01
6.26
5.05
4,39
3.97
3.69
3.'18
3.33
3.20
3.11
303
2.96
2.90
2.85
2.81
2.77
2.74
2.71
2.68
2.66
2.64
2.62
2.60
2.59
2.57
2.56
2.55
2.53
2.45
2.37
2.29
2.2 1
6
234.0
19.33
8.94
6.16
4.95
4.28
3.87
3.58
7
8
236.8 238.9
19,35
19.37
8.89
8.85
609
6.04
4.88
4.82
421
4.15
3.J9
3.71
3.50
3.44
),37
3.29
3.23
3.22
3.14
3.07
309
3.0 I 1 2.95
3.00
2.91
2.85
2.92
2.83
2.77
2.85
2.76
2.70
2.79
2.71
2.64
2.74
2.66
2.59
2.70
2.61
2.55
2.66
2.58
2.51
2.63
2.54
2,48
2.60
2.51
2.45
2.57
2,49
2.42
2.55
2.46
2.40
2.53
2,44
2.37
2.51
2,42
2,36
2.49
2.40
2.34
2.47
2.39
2.32
2,46 .37~
2.31
2.45
2.36
2.29
2,43
2.35
2.28
2.~
2.33
2.27
2.34
2.25
2.18
2.25
2.17
2.10
2. I7
209
2.02
2.1 0
2.01
1.94
I
9
240.5
19.38
8.81
6.00
4.77
4.10
3.68
3.39
3. 18
302
2.90
280
2.71
2.65
2.59
2.54
2,49
2,46
2.42
2.39
2.37
2,34
2.32
2,30.
2.28
2.27
2.25
2.24
2.22
2.21
2.12
2.04
1.96
1.88
I
LAMPIRAN O
Hasil Uji Anova Penetapan Kadar
Anova : Single Factor
SUMMARY
Groups
Count
Sum
Average
Variance
Column 1
3
310.4637
103.4879
3.419211
Column 2
3
304.0254
101.3418
3.296778
Column 3
3
304.8715
101.6238
2.998791
Column 4
3
302.6559
100.8853
3.218669
ANOVA
Source of
Variation
SS
Df
MS
11.76536
3
3.921786
25.8669
8
3.233362
37.63226
11
F
P-value
F crit
1.212913
0.365909
4.066181
Between
Groups
Within
Groups
Total
83
LAMPIRAN P
Sertifikat Analisis Atenolol
calao
Certificate of Analysis
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84