Analisis Kadar Gas Amonia (NH3) dan Hidrogen Sulfida (H2S) Serta Keluhan Kesehatan Pada Pekerja Pengelola Limbah di IPAL Departemen Utility PT X Kota Batam Tahun 2017
ABSTRAK
Industri oleokimia adalah industri antara yang berbasis minyak kelapa sawit
dan minyak inti sawit. PT. X Kota Batam merupakan salah satu industri oleokimia
terbesar di kepulauan riau. Dalam proses pengelolaan limbah cairnya industri
oleokimia dapat menimbulkan masalah terhadap lingkungan yaitu pencemaran udara
oleh gas ammonia (NH3) dan hidrogen sulfida (H2S).
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kadar gas Ammonia (NH3) dan
Hidrogen Sulfida (H2S) serta keluhan kesehatan pada pekerja pengelola limbah di
IPAL Departemen Utility PT. X Kota Batam tahun 2017.
Jenis penelitian ini adalah survai deskriptif. Populasi dari penelitian ini adalah
seluruh pekerja pengelola limbah di IPAL Departemen Utility PT. X Batam yang
berjumlah 45 orang. Sampel yang diambil adalah total populasi. Analisis data
dilakukan secara deskriptif.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kadar gas ammonia (NH3) dan hidrogen
sulfida (H2S) di PT.X Batam belum melebihi tingkat baku mutu. Titik tertinggi pada
pengukuran yang dilakukan berada di kolam Collecting Pit, yakni sebesar 0,44 ppm
untuk NH3 dan 0,012 ppm untuk H2S. Berdasarkan karakteristik pekerja responden
sebagian besar berusia 26-35 tahun sebanyak 23 orang (51,1%). Responden pada
umumnya memiliki masa kerja selama ≤ 5 tahun sebanyak 21 orang (46,7%) ,dan
responden pada umumnya bekerja selama 8 jam perhari sebanyak sebanyak 36 orang
(80,0%), dengan lama paparan terbanyak selama > 5 jam sebanyak 26 orang (57,8%).
Sebanyak 17 pekerja pengelola limbah (37,8%) yang mengalami keluhan gangguan
saluran pernafasan dan sebanyak 14 pekerja pengelola limbah (31,1%) yang
mengalami keluhan iritasi mata.
Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah kadar gas ammonia (NH3) dan hidrogen
sulfida (H2S) di IPAL Departemen Utility PT. X Batam belum melebihi batas baku
mutu. Disarankan kepada pekerja agar selalu menggunakan alat pelindung diri
khususnya masker dan kacamata sebagai upaya preventif.
Kata kunci: IPAL, Kadar NH3 dan H2S, Keluhan Kesehatan, Industri Oleokimia.
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ABSTRACT
The oleochemical industry is an intermediate industry based on palm oil
and palm kernel oil. PT. X Batam is one of the largest oleochemical industries in
Riau islands. In the waste water treatment process, oleochemical industry can cause
problems to the environment such as air pollution from ammonia gases (NH3) and
hydrogen sulphide (H2S).
The research is aimed to analyze that levels of Ammonia gases (NH3) and
Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) and health complaints to waste water treatment workers in
the Department of Utilities PT. X Batam City 2017.
This type of research is descriptive survey. The population of this research
was all waste management workers in IPAL Utility Department of PT. X Batam
which amounted to 45 people. The sample is total population. Data analysis is done
descriptively.
The results showed that the air quality of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide
gas levels in in WWTP of Department Utility of PT. X Batam not exceeded the level of
the quality standard specified. The highest point on range performed in the
Collecting Pit pond, they are 0,44 for NH3 and H2S to 0,012.
The results showed that the ammonia (NH3) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) gas
levels in PT.X Batam haven’t exceeded the standard levels of quality listed in
KepMenLH No.50 of 1996. The highest point on the measurements was in the
Collecting Pit pond, 0.44 ppm for NH3 and 0.012 ppm for H2S. Based on the
characteristics of the respondent workers, most of them are aged 26-35 years as
many as 23 people (51.1%). Respondents generally have a working period of ≤ 5
years as many as 21 people (46.7%), and respondents generally work for 8 hours per
day as many as 36 people (80.0%), with the longest exposure for> 5 hours as many
as 26 People (57.8%). A number of 17 waste water treatment workers (37,8%)who
have complaints of the respiratory tract disorders and as much as 14 waste water
treatment workers who have complaints of eye irritation.
The conclusion from this study is ammonia gases (NH3) and hydrogen sulfide
(H2S) concentration in WWTP of the Department Utility PT. X Batam haven’t
exceeded the quality standard. It is recommended for workers to always use personal
protective equipment, especially masks and glasses as a preventive effort.
Key words: WWTP, levels of NH3 and H2S, Health complaints, Oleochemical
Industry.
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Industri oleokimia adalah industri antara yang berbasis minyak kelapa sawit
dan minyak inti sawit. PT. X Kota Batam merupakan salah satu industri oleokimia
terbesar di kepulauan riau. Dalam proses pengelolaan limbah cairnya industri
oleokimia dapat menimbulkan masalah terhadap lingkungan yaitu pencemaran udara
oleh gas ammonia (NH3) dan hidrogen sulfida (H2S).
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kadar gas Ammonia (NH3) dan
Hidrogen Sulfida (H2S) serta keluhan kesehatan pada pekerja pengelola limbah di
IPAL Departemen Utility PT. X Kota Batam tahun 2017.
Jenis penelitian ini adalah survai deskriptif. Populasi dari penelitian ini adalah
seluruh pekerja pengelola limbah di IPAL Departemen Utility PT. X Batam yang
berjumlah 45 orang. Sampel yang diambil adalah total populasi. Analisis data
dilakukan secara deskriptif.
Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kadar gas ammonia (NH3) dan hidrogen
sulfida (H2S) di PT.X Batam belum melebihi tingkat baku mutu. Titik tertinggi pada
pengukuran yang dilakukan berada di kolam Collecting Pit, yakni sebesar 0,44 ppm
untuk NH3 dan 0,012 ppm untuk H2S. Berdasarkan karakteristik pekerja responden
sebagian besar berusia 26-35 tahun sebanyak 23 orang (51,1%). Responden pada
umumnya memiliki masa kerja selama ≤ 5 tahun sebanyak 21 orang (46,7%) ,dan
responden pada umumnya bekerja selama 8 jam perhari sebanyak sebanyak 36 orang
(80,0%), dengan lama paparan terbanyak selama > 5 jam sebanyak 26 orang (57,8%).
Sebanyak 17 pekerja pengelola limbah (37,8%) yang mengalami keluhan gangguan
saluran pernafasan dan sebanyak 14 pekerja pengelola limbah (31,1%) yang
mengalami keluhan iritasi mata.
Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah kadar gas ammonia (NH3) dan hidrogen
sulfida (H2S) di IPAL Departemen Utility PT. X Batam belum melebihi batas baku
mutu. Disarankan kepada pekerja agar selalu menggunakan alat pelindung diri
khususnya masker dan kacamata sebagai upaya preventif.
Kata kunci: IPAL, Kadar NH3 dan H2S, Keluhan Kesehatan, Industri Oleokimia.
iii
ABSTRACT
The oleochemical industry is an intermediate industry based on palm oil
and palm kernel oil. PT. X Batam is one of the largest oleochemical industries in
Riau islands. In the waste water treatment process, oleochemical industry can cause
problems to the environment such as air pollution from ammonia gases (NH3) and
hydrogen sulphide (H2S).
The research is aimed to analyze that levels of Ammonia gases (NH3) and
Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) and health complaints to waste water treatment workers in
the Department of Utilities PT. X Batam City 2017.
This type of research is descriptive survey. The population of this research
was all waste management workers in IPAL Utility Department of PT. X Batam
which amounted to 45 people. The sample is total population. Data analysis is done
descriptively.
The results showed that the air quality of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide
gas levels in in WWTP of Department Utility of PT. X Batam not exceeded the level of
the quality standard specified. The highest point on range performed in the
Collecting Pit pond, they are 0,44 for NH3 and H2S to 0,012.
The results showed that the ammonia (NH3) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) gas
levels in PT.X Batam haven’t exceeded the standard levels of quality listed in
KepMenLH No.50 of 1996. The highest point on the measurements was in the
Collecting Pit pond, 0.44 ppm for NH3 and 0.012 ppm for H2S. Based on the
characteristics of the respondent workers, most of them are aged 26-35 years as
many as 23 people (51.1%). Respondents generally have a working period of ≤ 5
years as many as 21 people (46.7%), and respondents generally work for 8 hours per
day as many as 36 people (80.0%), with the longest exposure for> 5 hours as many
as 26 People (57.8%). A number of 17 waste water treatment workers (37,8%)who
have complaints of the respiratory tract disorders and as much as 14 waste water
treatment workers who have complaints of eye irritation.
The conclusion from this study is ammonia gases (NH3) and hydrogen sulfide
(H2S) concentration in WWTP of the Department Utility PT. X Batam haven’t
exceeded the quality standard. It is recommended for workers to always use personal
protective equipment, especially masks and glasses as a preventive effort.
Key words: WWTP, levels of NH3 and H2S, Health complaints, Oleochemical
Industry.
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