Pembuatan Dan Karakterisasi Nanokomposit Karet Alam/Organobentonit Menggunakan Cetiltrimetilamonium Bromida, Polietilen Glikol Dan Sodium Dodesil Sulfat Sebagai Pemodifikasi Permukaan
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
Alexandre, M., Dubois, P. 2000.
Polymer-layered silicate nanocomposites:
preparation, properties and uses of a new class of materials. Laboratory of
Polymeric and Composite Materials, University of Mons-hainaut, Belgium
Alemdar, A., Oztekin, N., Erim, F.B., Gungor. 2005. Effects of Polyethyleneimine
Adsorption on Rheology of Bentonite Suspensions. Indian Academy of
Sciences. Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey Bull. Mater. Sci. Vol. 28(3): 287–291
Archer, B. L., Audley, B.G., Cockbain, E.G., McSweeny, G.P. 1963. The biosynthesis
of rubber – incorporation of mevalonate and isopentenyl pyrophosphate into
rubber by Hevea brasiliensis -latex fractions. Biochem J 89: 565–574
Ariyantoro, H. 2006. Budi Daya Tanaman Perkebunan. P.T. Citra Adi Pratama,
Yogyakarta: 3-4
Arroyo, M., Manchado, M.A.L., Herrero, B. 2003. Organo-montmorillonite as
substitute of Carbon Black in Natural Rubber Compounds. Institute of
Polymer and Technology. Polymer. 44: 2447-2453
Bandyopadhyay, Samar., Chakraborty, Sugata., Mukhopadhyay, Rabindra. 2011.
Automative Application of Rubber-Clay Nanocomposites. John
Wiley&Sons, Inc. Published : 525-553
Bergaya, F., Jaber, G., Lambert, J.F. 2011.
Wiley&Sons, Inc. Published: 3-20
Clays and Clay Mineral. John
Biswas, M., Sinha, Ray.S. 2001. Recent progress in synthesis and evaluation of
polymer–montmorillonite nanocomposites. Adv. Polym Sci . 1;155:167–221
Boyd, S.A., G. Sheng., B.J. Teppen., C.T. Johnston.2001. Mechanisms for the
adsorption of substituted nitrobenzene by smectite clays. Environ. Sci.
Technol. 35: 4227–4234.
Carli, L.N., Roncato, C.R., Zanchet, R.S., Mauler, R.S., Giovanela, Marcelo. 2011.
Characterization of
Natural Rubber Nanocomposites Filled with
Organoclay as a Substitute for Silica Obtained by The Conventional Two
Roll Mill Method. Applied Clay Science. Vol. 52: 56-61
Chena, D., Chenb, J., Ji, H., Xiaa, Z. 2011. Characterization of anion–cationic
surfactants modified montmorillonite and its application for the removal of
methyl orange. Chemical Engineering Journal 171 :1150– 1158
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Ciesielski, A. 1999. An Introduction to Rubber Technology. Rapra Technology Ltd:
11-113
Dang, J.C., Huang, J. T. 1999. Surface Modification of Clays and Clay-Rubber
Composit. Appl. Clay Sci.15:51
Das, A., Jurk, R., Jehnichen, D., Heinrich, G. 2011. A General Approach to RubberMontmorillonite Nanocomposites: Intercalation of Stearic Acid. Applied
Clay Science. 51:117-125
Datta, R.N. 2002. Rubber Curing Systems. Volume 12, Number 12, Rapra
Technology Limited, Shawbury, Shrewsbury, Shropshire SY4 4NR, United
Kingdom
Ding, C., Jia, D., He, H., Guo, B., Hong, H. 2005. How organo-montmorillonite truly
affects the structure and properties of polypropylene. Polymer Testing. 24:
94-100
Fatimah, I., Wijaya, K. 2006. Pengaruh Metode Preparasi Terhadap Karakter
Fisikokimiawi Montmorillonit Termodifikasi ZrO2. Akta Kimind: 87-92
Fatimah, I., Shukla, P.R., Kooli. 2009. Combined photocatalytic and fenton oxidation
of methyil orange dye using iron exchanged titanium pillared
montmorillonit. J. Applied Sci. 9: 3715-3722
Feeney, C.A.,Goldberg, H.A. 2011. Nonautomotive Applications of Rubber-Clay
Nanocomposites. John Wiley&Sons, Inc. Published:557-578
Fisli, A., Sumardjo., Mujinem. 2008. Isolasi dan Karakterisasi Montmorillonite dari
Bentonit Sukabumi (Indonesia). Indonesian Journal of Materials Science,
10(1) : 12 – 17
Fisli, A., Mujamilah., Sulungbudi, GraceTj. 2009. Sintesis dan Karakterisasi
nanokomposit Oksida Besi-bentonit. Indonesian Journal of Material Science.
Vol. 10 (2):164-169
Fisli, A., Yusuf, Saeful. 2010. Sintesis Nanokomposit Magnetik Berbasis Bahan Alam
untuk Adsorben Thorium. Indonesian Journal of Material science. Vol. 11(2)
: 93-98
Gatos, K.G., Karger-Kocsis , J. 2010. Rubber/Clay Nanocomposites: Preparation,
Properties and Applications. John Wiley & Sons
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Giannelis, E.P. 1998. Polymer-layered silicate nanocomposites: synthesis, properties
and applications. Appl Organomet Chem ,12:675–680
Gil, A., and Montes, M. 1994. Analysis of the microporosity in pillared clays.
Langmuir. 10: 291-297
Gilman, J.W., Jackson, C.L., Morgan, A.B., Harris, Jr. R., Manias,E., Giannelis, E.P.,
Wuthenow, M., D, Hilton., Phillips, S. H. 2000. Flammability properties of
polymer-layered silicate nanocomposites. Propylene and polystyrene
nanocomposites. Chem Mater , 12:1866–73
Galimberti, M. 2011. Rubber-Clay Nanocomposites. Science, Technology, and
Applications. John Wiley & Sons, Inc
Golebiewski J., Andrzej Galeski. 2007. Thermal stability of nanoclay polypropylene
composites by simultaneous DSC and TGA. Composites Science and
Technology. 3442–3447.
Hani. 2009. Komposisi Kimia Lateks Karet Alam. Balai Penelitian Teknologi Karet.
Bogor
http://sdbs.riodb.aist.go.jp/sdbs/cgi-bin/direct_frame_top.cgi diakses pada 6 Juni 2013
(http:/www.infometrik.com/2009/09/mengenal-uji-tarik-dan-sifat-sifatmekanik -logam)
Heathman, J.H. 1939. Bentonite in Wyoming. University of Wyoming: 3-5
Hrachova, J., Komadel, P., Chodak,I. 2009. Natural Rubber Nanocomposites with
Organo-modified Bentonite. Clays and Clay Minerals. Vol. 57.(4):444-451
Hower, W.F. 2006. Adsorption of Surfactant on Montmorillonite. Clays and Clay
Minerals, Vol. 18: 97-105
Jaruwong, P., Aumpush, J., Kiattikomol, R. 2005. Uptake of Cationic and Azo Dyes
by Montmorillonite in Batch and Coumn Systems. J. Sci. Tech., 10 (1): 4756.
Julinawati. 2013. Pengolahan dan Karakterisasi Bentonit Alam Aceh sebagai Pengisi
Nanokomposit Polipropilena-Montmorilonit. Disertasi. Program Doktor
Ilmu Kimia FMIPA. USU.
Johnstone, S.J. 1961. Minerals for Chemical and allied industries. John Wiley&
Sons inc: 69-71
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Kim, N., T, Hoang. 2006. Study on the Structure and Properties of Polypropylene/Clay
Nanocomposites. Advances in Natural Sciences. Vol. 7, No. 1&2: 49 – 55
Labaik, G. 2006. Kajian terhadap Bentonit di Kabupaten Tasikmalaya dan
Kemungkinannya Dijadikan Bahan Pembersih Minyak Sawit (CPO). Buletin
Sumber Daya Geologi. Vol. 1 (1)
Lagaly, G., Dau, Jorn. 1988. Surface Modification of Bentonites. II. Modification of
Montmorillonite with Cationic Poly(ethylene oxides) . Institut für
Anorganische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität, D-24098 Kiel,
Germany, (4) 983:1004
Lagaly, G., Permien, T.1995. The Rheological and Colloidal Properties of Bentonite
Dispersions in The Presence of Organic Compounds. V. Bentonite and
Sodium Montmorillinite and Surfactant. Clays and Clay Minerals, Vol. 43,
No. 2, 229-236. Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Kiel University,
Olshausenstral3e 40, D-24098 Kiel, Germany
Lalikova, S., Pajtasova, M., Chromcikova, M. 2011. Investigation of Natural Rubber
Composites with Addition of Montmorillonite Fillers using Thermal
Analysis. J. Therm Anal Calorim. Hungary
Law, J. P., Kunze, G. W. 1966. Reaction of Surfactants with Montmorillonite:
Adsorption Mechanisms. Soil Sci. Soc. Proc. 30: 321.
Leszczynska, A. 2007. Polymer/montmorillonite nanocomposites with improved
thermal properties. Part I. Factors influencing thermal stability and
mechanisms of thermal stability improvement, Review. Thermochimica
Acta. 453:75–96
Lubis, S. 2007. Preparasi Bentonit Terpilar Alumina dari Bentonit Alam dan
Pemanfaatannya sebagai Katalis pada Reaksi Dehidrasi Etanol, 1-Propanol
serta 2-Propanol. Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia dan Lingkungan. Vol. 6(2) : 77-81
Lopez-Manchado, M. A., Herrero, B., Arroyo, M. 2003. Preparation and
characterization of organoclay nanocomposites based on natural rubber.
Polymer International. 52:1070–1077
Lopez-Manchado, M. A., Valentin, J.L., Carretero, J., Barroso, F., Arroyo, M. 2007.
Rubber Network in Elastomer Nanocomposites. European Polymer Journal.
43:4143-4150
Madejova, J. 2003. ―FTIR Techniques in Clay Mineral Studies”. Vibrational
Spectroscopy . 31: 1-10
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Manchado, M.A.L., Herero, B. 2003. Organo-montmorillonite as Substitute of Carbon
Black in Natural Rubber Compoun., Polymer. Vol. 44: 2447-2453
Mao, H., B. Li., X. Li., L. Yue., Z. Liu., W. Ma. 2010. Novel one-step synthesis rout
to ordered mesopous silica-pillared clay using cationic-anionic mixedgallery templates. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 49:583–591
Messersmith, P.B., Giannelis, E.P. 1995. Synthesis and barrier properties of p oly(1
caprolactone)-layered silicate nanocomposites. J Polym Sci, Part A: Polym
Chem, 33:1047–57
Mohammad, A., Simon, G. P. 2006. Rubber Clay Nanocomposites. Monash
University, Australia. Woodhead Publishing Limited and CRC Press LLC:
297-325
Morgan, A.B. 2007. Polymer-Clay Nanocomposites. Design and Application of MultiFunctional Materials
Myers, Drew. 2006. Surfactant Science and Technology. A John Wiley & Son, Inc.
Publication.
Paiva, L.B., Morales, A.R., Diaz,F. 2008. Organoclays: Properties, Preparation and
Applications. Applied Clay Science, 42:8-24
Paul, D.R., Robeson, L.M.
2008.
Polymer, 49 : 3187–3204
Polymer nanotechnology. Nanocomposites
P. Maiti, K. Yamada, M. Okamoto, K. Ueda and K. Okamoto. 2002. New
Polyactide/Layered Silicate Nanocomposite: Role of Organoclays. Chemistry
of Materials, Vol. 14, No. 11: 4654-4661
Porta, C.D. 2011. Industrial Treatments and Modification of Clay Minerals. John
Wiley&Sons, Inc. Published: 87-99
Proyek Kerja Dinas Pertambangan Daerah Sumatera Utara. 1999. ―Pengukuran
Pencadangan Wilayah Pertambangan Bahan Galian Golongan C Komoditi
Bentonit di Desa Tapus Kecamatan Saipar Dolok Hole, Kabupaten Tapanuli
Selatan‖, Medan
Puslitbang Tekmira. (2005). Bentonit. http://www.tekmira.esdm.go.id/
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Ramli, M., Azmy, N., Lubis, S. 2003. Karakterisasi Bentonit Alam Kuala Dua Aceh
Utara dan Modifikasinya sebagai Bahan Dasar Pembuatan Katalis.
Laporan Penelitian. FMIPA Unsyiah.
Rao, C. N. R., A, Achim Müller,. Cheetham, K. 2004. The Chemistry of
Nanomaterials: Synthesis, Properties and Applications. Wiley-VCH,
Weinheim. Volume 1
Ray, S., Yamada, K., Okamoto, M., Ueda, K. 2002. New polylactide/layered silicate
nanocomposite: a novel biodegradable material. Nano Lett. 2:1093–6
Ray,S., Okamoto,M. 2003. Polymer/layered silicate nanocomposites: a review from
preparation to processing., Prog. Polym. Sci. (28) :1539–1641
Régis, Guégan . 2010. Intercalation of a Nonionic Surfactant (C10E3) bilayer into a
Na-Montmorillonite Clay. Institut des Sciences de la Terre d‘Orléans,
Orléans Cedex
Sekarini, N.W. 2005. Studi Interkalasi Lempung Bentonit dengan Garam Amonium
Kuarterner dan Pemanfaatannya sebagai Pengikat Ion Pb2+. Skripsi.
Jurusan Kimia FMIPA Universitas Udayana, Bukit Jimbaran
Sharma, S.K., Nayak, S.K. 2009. Surface modified clay/polypropylene (PP) nano
composites : Effect on physico-mechanical, thermal and morphological
properties. Polymer Degradation and Stability. 94 :132–138
Shen, Y.H. 2000. Preparation of Organobentonite Using Nonionic Surfactant.
Chemosphere. 44:989-995
Simpson, R,B. 2002. Rubber Basic. Rapra Technology Ltd: 77-136
Singla, Pankil., Mehta, Rajeev., Upadhyay, Siddh Nath. 2012. Clay Modification by
Use of Organic Cations. Green and Sustainable Chemistry: 2: 21-25
Supeno, Minto. 2009. Bentonit Terpilar dan Aplikasi: Kimia Anorganik. Cetakan
Pertama, USU Press
Stevens, M. P. 2001. Kimia Polimer. Cetakan Pertama, Pradnya Paramita. Jakarta.
Syuhada, Rachmat. W., Jayatin., Saeful, R. 2009. Modifikasi Bentonit (Clay) menjadi
Organoclay dengan Penambahan Surfaktan, Jurnal Nanosains &
Nanoteknologi: 48-51
Tim Penulis PS. 2012. Panduan Lengkap Karet, Penerbit Penebar Swadaya
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Thomas., Sabu, J., Kuruvilla. 2002. Clay Containing Nanopolymer. Polymer
Composites: Volume 1, First Edition
Usuki, A., Tukigase, A., Kato, M. 2002. Preparation and properties of EPDM-Clay
hybrids. Polymer. 43: 2185–2189
Utracki, L.A. 2004. Clay-Containing Polymeric Nanocomposites. Volume 1 , Rapra
Technology Limited: 73-140
Utracki, L.A. 2007. Structural Characterzation of-terminal Group of Natural Rubber
2: Decompotition of Branch-points by Phospholipase and Chemical
Treatments. Biomacromoleculs, 6: 1858-1863
Viet, C,X., H. Ismail., Rashid, A. A., Takeichi, T., and Thao, V, H. 2008. Organoclay
Filled Natural Rubber Nanocompositer: The Effect of Filer Loading.
Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering, Vol. 17: 1090-1096
Virdhani, M. 2013. Penjualan Karet Indonesia.
http://ekbis.sindonews.com/read/2013/05/29/34/743915 . diakses 15 Juni
2013
Vijayalekshmi, V. 2009. Studies on Natural Rubber/Clay Nanocomposites: Effect of
Maleic Anhydride Grafting of Rubber. Cochin University of Science and
Technology
Vilgis, T, A., Heinrich, G., Kluppel, M. 2009. Reinforcement of Polymer Nanocomposites: Theory, Experiments and Applictions. Cambridge University
Press: 75-78
Wardiyati, S., Fisli. A., Saryati. 2009. Penyerapan Kontaminan Logam Ni dan Cu
dalam Air oleh Bentonit Indonesia. Jurnal Sains Materi Indonesia, 10 (3):
149-152
Wirjosentono, B. S., Sitompul, A. N., Sumarno., Siregar, T. A., Lubis, S. B. 1995.
Analisis dan Karakterisasi Bahan Polimer. Edisi Pertama. Cetakan
Pertama, USU Press
Yahaya, L.E., Adebowale, K.O., Menon, A.R.R., Rugmini, S., Olu-Owalabi, B.I.,
Chameswary, J. 2010. Natural Rubber/Organoclay Nanocomposites: Effect
of Filler Dossage on The Physicomechanical Properties of Vulcanizates.
African Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry Vol. 4(9): 198-205
Yazdani, G. 2000. Tensile Properties of Polyethilene Geomembrane. Issue. No. 12
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Zhang, Z., Liao, L.,Xi, Z. 2010.Ultrasound-assisted preparation and characterization
of anionic surfactant modified montmorillonites. Appl. Clay Sci. 50 :576–
581
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Alexandre, M., Dubois, P. 2000.
Polymer-layered silicate nanocomposites:
preparation, properties and uses of a new class of materials. Laboratory of
Polymeric and Composite Materials, University of Mons-hainaut, Belgium
Alemdar, A., Oztekin, N., Erim, F.B., Gungor. 2005. Effects of Polyethyleneimine
Adsorption on Rheology of Bentonite Suspensions. Indian Academy of
Sciences. Maslak, Istanbul, Turkey Bull. Mater. Sci. Vol. 28(3): 287–291
Archer, B. L., Audley, B.G., Cockbain, E.G., McSweeny, G.P. 1963. The biosynthesis
of rubber – incorporation of mevalonate and isopentenyl pyrophosphate into
rubber by Hevea brasiliensis -latex fractions. Biochem J 89: 565–574
Ariyantoro, H. 2006. Budi Daya Tanaman Perkebunan. P.T. Citra Adi Pratama,
Yogyakarta: 3-4
Arroyo, M., Manchado, M.A.L., Herrero, B. 2003. Organo-montmorillonite as
substitute of Carbon Black in Natural Rubber Compounds. Institute of
Polymer and Technology. Polymer. 44: 2447-2453
Bandyopadhyay, Samar., Chakraborty, Sugata., Mukhopadhyay, Rabindra. 2011.
Automative Application of Rubber-Clay Nanocomposites. John
Wiley&Sons, Inc. Published : 525-553
Bergaya, F., Jaber, G., Lambert, J.F. 2011.
Wiley&Sons, Inc. Published: 3-20
Clays and Clay Mineral. John
Biswas, M., Sinha, Ray.S. 2001. Recent progress in synthesis and evaluation of
polymer–montmorillonite nanocomposites. Adv. Polym Sci . 1;155:167–221
Boyd, S.A., G. Sheng., B.J. Teppen., C.T. Johnston.2001. Mechanisms for the
adsorption of substituted nitrobenzene by smectite clays. Environ. Sci.
Technol. 35: 4227–4234.
Carli, L.N., Roncato, C.R., Zanchet, R.S., Mauler, R.S., Giovanela, Marcelo. 2011.
Characterization of
Natural Rubber Nanocomposites Filled with
Organoclay as a Substitute for Silica Obtained by The Conventional Two
Roll Mill Method. Applied Clay Science. Vol. 52: 56-61
Chena, D., Chenb, J., Ji, H., Xiaa, Z. 2011. Characterization of anion–cationic
surfactants modified montmorillonite and its application for the removal of
methyl orange. Chemical Engineering Journal 171 :1150– 1158
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Ciesielski, A. 1999. An Introduction to Rubber Technology. Rapra Technology Ltd:
11-113
Dang, J.C., Huang, J. T. 1999. Surface Modification of Clays and Clay-Rubber
Composit. Appl. Clay Sci.15:51
Das, A., Jurk, R., Jehnichen, D., Heinrich, G. 2011. A General Approach to RubberMontmorillonite Nanocomposites: Intercalation of Stearic Acid. Applied
Clay Science. 51:117-125
Datta, R.N. 2002. Rubber Curing Systems. Volume 12, Number 12, Rapra
Technology Limited, Shawbury, Shrewsbury, Shropshire SY4 4NR, United
Kingdom
Ding, C., Jia, D., He, H., Guo, B., Hong, H. 2005. How organo-montmorillonite truly
affects the structure and properties of polypropylene. Polymer Testing. 24:
94-100
Fatimah, I., Wijaya, K. 2006. Pengaruh Metode Preparasi Terhadap Karakter
Fisikokimiawi Montmorillonit Termodifikasi ZrO2. Akta Kimind: 87-92
Fatimah, I., Shukla, P.R., Kooli. 2009. Combined photocatalytic and fenton oxidation
of methyil orange dye using iron exchanged titanium pillared
montmorillonit. J. Applied Sci. 9: 3715-3722
Feeney, C.A.,Goldberg, H.A. 2011. Nonautomotive Applications of Rubber-Clay
Nanocomposites. John Wiley&Sons, Inc. Published:557-578
Fisli, A., Sumardjo., Mujinem. 2008. Isolasi dan Karakterisasi Montmorillonite dari
Bentonit Sukabumi (Indonesia). Indonesian Journal of Materials Science,
10(1) : 12 – 17
Fisli, A., Mujamilah., Sulungbudi, GraceTj. 2009. Sintesis dan Karakterisasi
nanokomposit Oksida Besi-bentonit. Indonesian Journal of Material Science.
Vol. 10 (2):164-169
Fisli, A., Yusuf, Saeful. 2010. Sintesis Nanokomposit Magnetik Berbasis Bahan Alam
untuk Adsorben Thorium. Indonesian Journal of Material science. Vol. 11(2)
: 93-98
Gatos, K.G., Karger-Kocsis , J. 2010. Rubber/Clay Nanocomposites: Preparation,
Properties and Applications. John Wiley & Sons
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Giannelis, E.P. 1998. Polymer-layered silicate nanocomposites: synthesis, properties
and applications. Appl Organomet Chem ,12:675–680
Gil, A., and Montes, M. 1994. Analysis of the microporosity in pillared clays.
Langmuir. 10: 291-297
Gilman, J.W., Jackson, C.L., Morgan, A.B., Harris, Jr. R., Manias,E., Giannelis, E.P.,
Wuthenow, M., D, Hilton., Phillips, S. H. 2000. Flammability properties of
polymer-layered silicate nanocomposites. Propylene and polystyrene
nanocomposites. Chem Mater , 12:1866–73
Galimberti, M. 2011. Rubber-Clay Nanocomposites. Science, Technology, and
Applications. John Wiley & Sons, Inc
Golebiewski J., Andrzej Galeski. 2007. Thermal stability of nanoclay polypropylene
composites by simultaneous DSC and TGA. Composites Science and
Technology. 3442–3447.
Hani. 2009. Komposisi Kimia Lateks Karet Alam. Balai Penelitian Teknologi Karet.
Bogor
http://sdbs.riodb.aist.go.jp/sdbs/cgi-bin/direct_frame_top.cgi diakses pada 6 Juni 2013
(http:/www.infometrik.com/2009/09/mengenal-uji-tarik-dan-sifat-sifatmekanik -logam)
Heathman, J.H. 1939. Bentonite in Wyoming. University of Wyoming: 3-5
Hrachova, J., Komadel, P., Chodak,I. 2009. Natural Rubber Nanocomposites with
Organo-modified Bentonite. Clays and Clay Minerals. Vol. 57.(4):444-451
Hower, W.F. 2006. Adsorption of Surfactant on Montmorillonite. Clays and Clay
Minerals, Vol. 18: 97-105
Jaruwong, P., Aumpush, J., Kiattikomol, R. 2005. Uptake of Cationic and Azo Dyes
by Montmorillonite in Batch and Coumn Systems. J. Sci. Tech., 10 (1): 4756.
Julinawati. 2013. Pengolahan dan Karakterisasi Bentonit Alam Aceh sebagai Pengisi
Nanokomposit Polipropilena-Montmorilonit. Disertasi. Program Doktor
Ilmu Kimia FMIPA. USU.
Johnstone, S.J. 1961. Minerals for Chemical and allied industries. John Wiley&
Sons inc: 69-71
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Kim, N., T, Hoang. 2006. Study on the Structure and Properties of Polypropylene/Clay
Nanocomposites. Advances in Natural Sciences. Vol. 7, No. 1&2: 49 – 55
Labaik, G. 2006. Kajian terhadap Bentonit di Kabupaten Tasikmalaya dan
Kemungkinannya Dijadikan Bahan Pembersih Minyak Sawit (CPO). Buletin
Sumber Daya Geologi. Vol. 1 (1)
Lagaly, G., Dau, Jorn. 1988. Surface Modification of Bentonites. II. Modification of
Montmorillonite with Cationic Poly(ethylene oxides) . Institut für
Anorganische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität, D-24098 Kiel,
Germany, (4) 983:1004
Lagaly, G., Permien, T.1995. The Rheological and Colloidal Properties of Bentonite
Dispersions in The Presence of Organic Compounds. V. Bentonite and
Sodium Montmorillinite and Surfactant. Clays and Clay Minerals, Vol. 43,
No. 2, 229-236. Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Kiel University,
Olshausenstral3e 40, D-24098 Kiel, Germany
Lalikova, S., Pajtasova, M., Chromcikova, M. 2011. Investigation of Natural Rubber
Composites with Addition of Montmorillonite Fillers using Thermal
Analysis. J. Therm Anal Calorim. Hungary
Law, J. P., Kunze, G. W. 1966. Reaction of Surfactants with Montmorillonite:
Adsorption Mechanisms. Soil Sci. Soc. Proc. 30: 321.
Leszczynska, A. 2007. Polymer/montmorillonite nanocomposites with improved
thermal properties. Part I. Factors influencing thermal stability and
mechanisms of thermal stability improvement, Review. Thermochimica
Acta. 453:75–96
Lubis, S. 2007. Preparasi Bentonit Terpilar Alumina dari Bentonit Alam dan
Pemanfaatannya sebagai Katalis pada Reaksi Dehidrasi Etanol, 1-Propanol
serta 2-Propanol. Jurnal Rekayasa Kimia dan Lingkungan. Vol. 6(2) : 77-81
Lopez-Manchado, M. A., Herrero, B., Arroyo, M. 2003. Preparation and
characterization of organoclay nanocomposites based on natural rubber.
Polymer International. 52:1070–1077
Lopez-Manchado, M. A., Valentin, J.L., Carretero, J., Barroso, F., Arroyo, M. 2007.
Rubber Network in Elastomer Nanocomposites. European Polymer Journal.
43:4143-4150
Madejova, J. 2003. ―FTIR Techniques in Clay Mineral Studies”. Vibrational
Spectroscopy . 31: 1-10
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Manchado, M.A.L., Herero, B. 2003. Organo-montmorillonite as Substitute of Carbon
Black in Natural Rubber Compoun., Polymer. Vol. 44: 2447-2453
Mao, H., B. Li., X. Li., L. Yue., Z. Liu., W. Ma. 2010. Novel one-step synthesis rout
to ordered mesopous silica-pillared clay using cationic-anionic mixedgallery templates. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 49:583–591
Messersmith, P.B., Giannelis, E.P. 1995. Synthesis and barrier properties of p oly(1
caprolactone)-layered silicate nanocomposites. J Polym Sci, Part A: Polym
Chem, 33:1047–57
Mohammad, A., Simon, G. P. 2006. Rubber Clay Nanocomposites. Monash
University, Australia. Woodhead Publishing Limited and CRC Press LLC:
297-325
Morgan, A.B. 2007. Polymer-Clay Nanocomposites. Design and Application of MultiFunctional Materials
Myers, Drew. 2006. Surfactant Science and Technology. A John Wiley & Son, Inc.
Publication.
Paiva, L.B., Morales, A.R., Diaz,F. 2008. Organoclays: Properties, Preparation and
Applications. Applied Clay Science, 42:8-24
Paul, D.R., Robeson, L.M.
2008.
Polymer, 49 : 3187–3204
Polymer nanotechnology. Nanocomposites
P. Maiti, K. Yamada, M. Okamoto, K. Ueda and K. Okamoto. 2002. New
Polyactide/Layered Silicate Nanocomposite: Role of Organoclays. Chemistry
of Materials, Vol. 14, No. 11: 4654-4661
Porta, C.D. 2011. Industrial Treatments and Modification of Clay Minerals. John
Wiley&Sons, Inc. Published: 87-99
Proyek Kerja Dinas Pertambangan Daerah Sumatera Utara. 1999. ―Pengukuran
Pencadangan Wilayah Pertambangan Bahan Galian Golongan C Komoditi
Bentonit di Desa Tapus Kecamatan Saipar Dolok Hole, Kabupaten Tapanuli
Selatan‖, Medan
Puslitbang Tekmira. (2005). Bentonit. http://www.tekmira.esdm.go.id/
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Ramli, M., Azmy, N., Lubis, S. 2003. Karakterisasi Bentonit Alam Kuala Dua Aceh
Utara dan Modifikasinya sebagai Bahan Dasar Pembuatan Katalis.
Laporan Penelitian. FMIPA Unsyiah.
Rao, C. N. R., A, Achim Müller,. Cheetham, K. 2004. The Chemistry of
Nanomaterials: Synthesis, Properties and Applications. Wiley-VCH,
Weinheim. Volume 1
Ray, S., Yamada, K., Okamoto, M., Ueda, K. 2002. New polylactide/layered silicate
nanocomposite: a novel biodegradable material. Nano Lett. 2:1093–6
Ray,S., Okamoto,M. 2003. Polymer/layered silicate nanocomposites: a review from
preparation to processing., Prog. Polym. Sci. (28) :1539–1641
Régis, Guégan . 2010. Intercalation of a Nonionic Surfactant (C10E3) bilayer into a
Na-Montmorillonite Clay. Institut des Sciences de la Terre d‘Orléans,
Orléans Cedex
Sekarini, N.W. 2005. Studi Interkalasi Lempung Bentonit dengan Garam Amonium
Kuarterner dan Pemanfaatannya sebagai Pengikat Ion Pb2+. Skripsi.
Jurusan Kimia FMIPA Universitas Udayana, Bukit Jimbaran
Sharma, S.K., Nayak, S.K. 2009. Surface modified clay/polypropylene (PP) nano
composites : Effect on physico-mechanical, thermal and morphological
properties. Polymer Degradation and Stability. 94 :132–138
Shen, Y.H. 2000. Preparation of Organobentonite Using Nonionic Surfactant.
Chemosphere. 44:989-995
Simpson, R,B. 2002. Rubber Basic. Rapra Technology Ltd: 77-136
Singla, Pankil., Mehta, Rajeev., Upadhyay, Siddh Nath. 2012. Clay Modification by
Use of Organic Cations. Green and Sustainable Chemistry: 2: 21-25
Supeno, Minto. 2009. Bentonit Terpilar dan Aplikasi: Kimia Anorganik. Cetakan
Pertama, USU Press
Stevens, M. P. 2001. Kimia Polimer. Cetakan Pertama, Pradnya Paramita. Jakarta.
Syuhada, Rachmat. W., Jayatin., Saeful, R. 2009. Modifikasi Bentonit (Clay) menjadi
Organoclay dengan Penambahan Surfaktan, Jurnal Nanosains &
Nanoteknologi: 48-51
Tim Penulis PS. 2012. Panduan Lengkap Karet, Penerbit Penebar Swadaya
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Thomas., Sabu, J., Kuruvilla. 2002. Clay Containing Nanopolymer. Polymer
Composites: Volume 1, First Edition
Usuki, A., Tukigase, A., Kato, M. 2002. Preparation and properties of EPDM-Clay
hybrids. Polymer. 43: 2185–2189
Utracki, L.A. 2004. Clay-Containing Polymeric Nanocomposites. Volume 1 , Rapra
Technology Limited: 73-140
Utracki, L.A. 2007. Structural Characterzation of-terminal Group of Natural Rubber
2: Decompotition of Branch-points by Phospholipase and Chemical
Treatments. Biomacromoleculs, 6: 1858-1863
Viet, C,X., H. Ismail., Rashid, A. A., Takeichi, T., and Thao, V, H. 2008. Organoclay
Filled Natural Rubber Nanocompositer: The Effect of Filer Loading.
Polymer-Plastics Technology and Engineering, Vol. 17: 1090-1096
Virdhani, M. 2013. Penjualan Karet Indonesia.
http://ekbis.sindonews.com/read/2013/05/29/34/743915 . diakses 15 Juni
2013
Vijayalekshmi, V. 2009. Studies on Natural Rubber/Clay Nanocomposites: Effect of
Maleic Anhydride Grafting of Rubber. Cochin University of Science and
Technology
Vilgis, T, A., Heinrich, G., Kluppel, M. 2009. Reinforcement of Polymer Nanocomposites: Theory, Experiments and Applictions. Cambridge University
Press: 75-78
Wardiyati, S., Fisli. A., Saryati. 2009. Penyerapan Kontaminan Logam Ni dan Cu
dalam Air oleh Bentonit Indonesia. Jurnal Sains Materi Indonesia, 10 (3):
149-152
Wirjosentono, B. S., Sitompul, A. N., Sumarno., Siregar, T. A., Lubis, S. B. 1995.
Analisis dan Karakterisasi Bahan Polimer. Edisi Pertama. Cetakan
Pertama, USU Press
Yahaya, L.E., Adebowale, K.O., Menon, A.R.R., Rugmini, S., Olu-Owalabi, B.I.,
Chameswary, J. 2010. Natural Rubber/Organoclay Nanocomposites: Effect
of Filler Dossage on The Physicomechanical Properties of Vulcanizates.
African Journal of Pure and Applied Chemistry Vol. 4(9): 198-205
Yazdani, G. 2000. Tensile Properties of Polyethilene Geomembrane. Issue. No. 12
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Zhang, Z., Liao, L.,Xi, Z. 2010.Ultrasound-assisted preparation and characterization
of anionic surfactant modified montmorillonites. Appl. Clay Sci. 50 :576–
581
Universitas Sumatera Utara