Karakteristik Tanah Gambut DataranTinggi Toba
ABSTRAK
Penelitian survey yang mengarakteristikkan tanah gambut dataran tinggi
Toba, dilakukan di tiga areal lahan gambut dengan ketinggian berbeda yaitu
kecamatan Lintong Nihuta pada areal tertinggi, kecamatan Doloksanggul dan
kecamatan Pollung pada ketinggian yang lebih rendah. Analisa tanah di
Laboratorium Riset dan Teknologi, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Sumatera
Utara. Pada masing-masing areal dibuat profil pewakil dan diamati morfologi dan
karakteristik serta klasifikasi tanah menurut klasifikasi taksonomi tanah Sampel
tanah diambil dari masing-masing lapisan di profil tanah untuk analisis tanah di
laboratorium. Analisis tanah meliputi Bulkdensiti, pH H2O, pH CaCl2, KTK, KB,
C-organik, N-total, C/N dan DHL. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lahan
gambut di kecamatan Lintong Nihuta di areal tertinggi memiliki tingkat
kematangan fibrik dengan kadar C-organik, nilai KTK dan rasio C/N yang
tertinggi tetapi kadar abu terendah, sedangkan areal gambut di kecamatan
Doloksanggul di areal yang lebih rendah memiliki tingkat kematangan hemik
dengan nilaiC-organik, nilai KTK dan rasio C/N yang lebih rendah tetapi kadar
abu lebih tinggi, dan areal gambut di kecamatan Pollung diareal yang terendah
dengan tingkat kematangan saprik memiliki nilai C-organik, nilai KTK dan rasio
C/N yang terendah tetapi kadar abu tertinggi.Lahan gambut dataran tinggi Toba
memiliki perbedaan dengan lahan gambut dataran rendah dalam hal kadar Corganik, KTK, dan proses pembentukannya.
Kata kunci : gambut dataran tinggi, karakteristik tanah, ketinggian tempat
Universitas Sumatera Utara
ABSTRACT
Survey research to characterize peat soil of Toba plateau, that conducted
in three areas of peat located in three districts with different heights that is
district of Lintong Nihuta the highest areal, district of Doloksanggul, and district
of Pollung at a lower altitude. Soil analyse properties was held in Riset and
Technology Laboratory, Agriculture Faculty of North Sumatera University.
Observation in the field of profile on three areas in three locations. Every profiles
is observed about morphology and soil characteristic. Soil sample is taken from
each layer in soil profile for soil analyse in laboratory. Soil analysis included of
bulkdensity, pH H2O, pH CaCl2, Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC), based
saturation, C-Organic content, N-total, C/N ratio and Electrical Conductivity.
From research result indicate that peatland in the sub Lintong Nihuta at highest
area is peatland with fibrist maturity level, and has the highest C-organic content,
CEC, and C/N ratio but lowest Ash content, while peatland in the district of
Doloksanggul at lower area is peatland with hemist maturity level, and has the
lower C-organic content, CEC, and C/N ratio but higher Ash content, then
peatland in the district of Pollung at lowest area is peatland with saprist maturity
level, and has the lowest C-organic content, CEC, and C/N ratio but highest Ash
content. Peatland plateau have a differences with lowland peat in Organic
content, CEC, and formation process.
Keyword : altitude, peat plateau, soil characteristic
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Penelitian survey yang mengarakteristikkan tanah gambut dataran tinggi
Toba, dilakukan di tiga areal lahan gambut dengan ketinggian berbeda yaitu
kecamatan Lintong Nihuta pada areal tertinggi, kecamatan Doloksanggul dan
kecamatan Pollung pada ketinggian yang lebih rendah. Analisa tanah di
Laboratorium Riset dan Teknologi, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Sumatera
Utara. Pada masing-masing areal dibuat profil pewakil dan diamati morfologi dan
karakteristik serta klasifikasi tanah menurut klasifikasi taksonomi tanah Sampel
tanah diambil dari masing-masing lapisan di profil tanah untuk analisis tanah di
laboratorium. Analisis tanah meliputi Bulkdensiti, pH H2O, pH CaCl2, KTK, KB,
C-organik, N-total, C/N dan DHL. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa lahan
gambut di kecamatan Lintong Nihuta di areal tertinggi memiliki tingkat
kematangan fibrik dengan kadar C-organik, nilai KTK dan rasio C/N yang
tertinggi tetapi kadar abu terendah, sedangkan areal gambut di kecamatan
Doloksanggul di areal yang lebih rendah memiliki tingkat kematangan hemik
dengan nilaiC-organik, nilai KTK dan rasio C/N yang lebih rendah tetapi kadar
abu lebih tinggi, dan areal gambut di kecamatan Pollung diareal yang terendah
dengan tingkat kematangan saprik memiliki nilai C-organik, nilai KTK dan rasio
C/N yang terendah tetapi kadar abu tertinggi.Lahan gambut dataran tinggi Toba
memiliki perbedaan dengan lahan gambut dataran rendah dalam hal kadar Corganik, KTK, dan proses pembentukannya.
Kata kunci : gambut dataran tinggi, karakteristik tanah, ketinggian tempat
Universitas Sumatera Utara
ABSTRACT
Survey research to characterize peat soil of Toba plateau, that conducted
in three areas of peat located in three districts with different heights that is
district of Lintong Nihuta the highest areal, district of Doloksanggul, and district
of Pollung at a lower altitude. Soil analyse properties was held in Riset and
Technology Laboratory, Agriculture Faculty of North Sumatera University.
Observation in the field of profile on three areas in three locations. Every profiles
is observed about morphology and soil characteristic. Soil sample is taken from
each layer in soil profile for soil analyse in laboratory. Soil analysis included of
bulkdensity, pH H2O, pH CaCl2, Cation Exchange Capacity (CEC), based
saturation, C-Organic content, N-total, C/N ratio and Electrical Conductivity.
From research result indicate that peatland in the sub Lintong Nihuta at highest
area is peatland with fibrist maturity level, and has the highest C-organic content,
CEC, and C/N ratio but lowest Ash content, while peatland in the district of
Doloksanggul at lower area is peatland with hemist maturity level, and has the
lower C-organic content, CEC, and C/N ratio but higher Ash content, then
peatland in the district of Pollung at lowest area is peatland with saprist maturity
level, and has the lowest C-organic content, CEC, and C/N ratio but highest Ash
content. Peatland plateau have a differences with lowland peat in Organic
content, CEC, and formation process.
Keyword : altitude, peat plateau, soil characteristic
Universitas Sumatera Utara