Hubungan antara kondisi saliva (volume, laju aliran, kapasitas buffer, pH) dengan pengan karies pada anak sindrom Down usia 12-18 tahun di SLB-C Kota Medan
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
1. Biwi M. Down syndrome facts. https://aaglobalsourcing.com. ( 01 September
2014).
2. World Health Organisation. Genes and chromosomal diseases: Down syndrome
prevalence. http://www.who.int/genomics/public/geneticdiseases/en/index1.html.
( 01 September 2014 ).
3. Cheng RHW, Yiu CKY, Leung WK. Oral health in individuals with Down
syndrome. Prenatal diagnosis and screening for Down syndrome. 2011; 1(5): 6973.
4. Franco G, Saab R, Pizatto LV, Torres MF, Fregoneze AP, Brancher JA. Analysis
of salivary pH, flow rate, buffering capacity, concentrations of calcium, urea, and
total proteins in 2-8 years old children with Down syndrome. RSBO. 2014; 11(1):
66-70.
5. Radhi NJ, Samarrai SKE, Alkhafaji JT. Dental caries in relation to salivary
parameters and immunoglobulins among Down syndrome children in comparison
to normal children. Journal Bagh College Dentistry. 2009; 21(3): 118-124.
6. Amano A, Murakami J, Akiyama S, Morisaki I. Etiologic factors of early-onset
periodontal disease in Down syndrome. Japanese Dental Science Review. 2008;
(44): 118-127.
7. Raurale A, Viddyasagar M, Dahapute S, Joshi S, Chandrashekhar B, Mitesh K et
al. Evaluation of oral health status, salivary characteristics and dental caries,
experience in Down syndrome children. NJIRM. 2013; 4(6): 59-65.
8. Davidovich E, Aframian DJ, Shapira J, Peretz B. A comparison of the
sialochemistry, oral pH, and oral health status of Down syndrome children to
healthy children. International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry. 2010; 10(136):
235-241.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
9. Normastura AR, Norhayani Z, Azizah, Mohd Khairi MD. Saliva and dental caries
in Down syndrome children. Sains Malaysiana. 2013; 42(1): 59-63.
10. Global Down syndrome Foundation. Facts and FAQ about Down syndrome.
http://www.globaldownsyndrome.org/about-down-syndrome/facts-about-downsyndrome/. ( 02 Oktober 2014 ).
11. NHS.
Characteristics
of
Down
syndrome:
Physical
appearance.
http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/downs-syndrome/pages/symptoms.aspx.
(
02
Oktober 2014).
12. Hamilton NNP. Chromosal and genetic abnormalities on Down syndrome.
http://www.merckmanuals.com/home/childrens_health_issues/chromosomal_and
_genetic_abnormalities/down_syndrome_trisomy_21_trisomy_g.html.
(
02
Oktober 2014 ).
13. Goldstein S, Reynolds CR. Handbook of neurodevelopmental and genetic
disorders in children, 2nd ed. New York: The Guilford Press; 2011. Pg 363-365
14. Anonymous. Mental retardation: Definition, levels, causes, prevention, and
treatment.
http://education-portal.com/academy/lesson/mental-retardation-
definition-levels-causes-prevention-and-treatment.html#lesson.
(
02 Oktober
2014 ).
15. Satish C, Shaleen C, Girish C. Textbook of operative dentistry. New Delhi:
Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (p) Ltd.; 2007. Pg 29-33
16. Walsh D. Dental hygiene: theory and practice, 4th ed. Missouri: Elsevier Saunders;
2015. Pg 294-296
17. Edwina A, M Kidd. Essentials of dental caries, 3rd ed. New York: Oxford
University; 2005. Pg128-131
18. Welbury R, Duggal MS, Hosey MT. Paediatric dentistry, 4th ed. United Kingdom:
Oxford University Press; 2012. Pg 87
19. Ashalatha PR, Deepa G. Textbook of anatomy and physiology for nurses, 3 rd ed.
New Delhi: Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd.; 2011. Pg 444 - 445
Universitas Sumatera Utara
20. Almeida PDV, Gregio AMT, Machado MAN, Lima AAS, Azevedo LR. Saliva
composition and functions: A comprehensive review. The Journal of
Contemporary Dental Practice 2008; 9(3): 1-11.
21. Rhoades RA, Bell DR. Medical physiology: principles for clinical medicine, 3rd
ed. Baltimore: Lippincott Williams &Wilkins; 2009. Pg 498-499
22. Pramod JR. Textbook of oral medicine, 3rd ed. New Delhi: Jaypee Brothers
Medical Publishers (P) Ltd; 2014. Pg 60 - 64
23. GC
Saliva
Check
Buffer.
How
to
use
saliva
check
buffer
kit.
http://www.gcasia.info/ProdDoc/Doc1/instructions.pdf. ( 05 Maret 2015 ).
24. Yazeed AE, Taha S, Shehaby E, Salem. Relationship between salivary
composition and dental caries among a group of Egyptian Down syndrome
children. Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Science. 2009; 3(2): 720-730.
25. Palomares CF, Montagud JVM, Sanchiz V, Herreros B, Hernandez V, Minguez
M et al. Unstimulated salivary flow rate, pH and buffer capacity of saliva in
healthy volunteers. Revista Espanola DE Enfermedades Digestivas. 2004; 96(11):
773-783.
26. Siqueira WL, Bermejo PR, Mustacchi Z, Nicolau J. Buffer capacity, pH, and flow
rate in saliva of children aged 2-60 months with Down syndrome. Clinical Oral
Invest. 2004; 2005(9): 26-29.
27. Asokan S, Muthu MS, Sivakumar N. Dental caries prevalence and treatment
needs of Down syndrome children in Chennai, India. Indian J Dent Res. 2008; 19
(3): 224-9.
28. Al-khadra TA. Prevalence of dental caries and oral hygiene status among Down’s
syndrome patients in Riyadh Saudi Arabia. Pakistan Oral Dent J. 2011; 31 (1):
115-7.
29. Wijaya S. Prevalensi karies gigi dan relasi gigi anterior pada anak sindrom Down
di Kota Makassar. http://repository.unhas.ac.id/handle/123456789/1886.
(18
September 2014)
Universitas Sumatera Utara
1. Biwi M. Down syndrome facts. https://aaglobalsourcing.com. ( 01 September
2014).
2. World Health Organisation. Genes and chromosomal diseases: Down syndrome
prevalence. http://www.who.int/genomics/public/geneticdiseases/en/index1.html.
( 01 September 2014 ).
3. Cheng RHW, Yiu CKY, Leung WK. Oral health in individuals with Down
syndrome. Prenatal diagnosis and screening for Down syndrome. 2011; 1(5): 6973.
4. Franco G, Saab R, Pizatto LV, Torres MF, Fregoneze AP, Brancher JA. Analysis
of salivary pH, flow rate, buffering capacity, concentrations of calcium, urea, and
total proteins in 2-8 years old children with Down syndrome. RSBO. 2014; 11(1):
66-70.
5. Radhi NJ, Samarrai SKE, Alkhafaji JT. Dental caries in relation to salivary
parameters and immunoglobulins among Down syndrome children in comparison
to normal children. Journal Bagh College Dentistry. 2009; 21(3): 118-124.
6. Amano A, Murakami J, Akiyama S, Morisaki I. Etiologic factors of early-onset
periodontal disease in Down syndrome. Japanese Dental Science Review. 2008;
(44): 118-127.
7. Raurale A, Viddyasagar M, Dahapute S, Joshi S, Chandrashekhar B, Mitesh K et
al. Evaluation of oral health status, salivary characteristics and dental caries,
experience in Down syndrome children. NJIRM. 2013; 4(6): 59-65.
8. Davidovich E, Aframian DJ, Shapira J, Peretz B. A comparison of the
sialochemistry, oral pH, and oral health status of Down syndrome children to
healthy children. International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry. 2010; 10(136):
235-241.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
9. Normastura AR, Norhayani Z, Azizah, Mohd Khairi MD. Saliva and dental caries
in Down syndrome children. Sains Malaysiana. 2013; 42(1): 59-63.
10. Global Down syndrome Foundation. Facts and FAQ about Down syndrome.
http://www.globaldownsyndrome.org/about-down-syndrome/facts-about-downsyndrome/. ( 02 Oktober 2014 ).
11. NHS.
Characteristics
of
Down
syndrome:
Physical
appearance.
http://www.nhs.uk/conditions/downs-syndrome/pages/symptoms.aspx.
(
02
Oktober 2014).
12. Hamilton NNP. Chromosal and genetic abnormalities on Down syndrome.
http://www.merckmanuals.com/home/childrens_health_issues/chromosomal_and
_genetic_abnormalities/down_syndrome_trisomy_21_trisomy_g.html.
(
02
Oktober 2014 ).
13. Goldstein S, Reynolds CR. Handbook of neurodevelopmental and genetic
disorders in children, 2nd ed. New York: The Guilford Press; 2011. Pg 363-365
14. Anonymous. Mental retardation: Definition, levels, causes, prevention, and
treatment.
http://education-portal.com/academy/lesson/mental-retardation-
definition-levels-causes-prevention-and-treatment.html#lesson.
(
02 Oktober
2014 ).
15. Satish C, Shaleen C, Girish C. Textbook of operative dentistry. New Delhi:
Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (p) Ltd.; 2007. Pg 29-33
16. Walsh D. Dental hygiene: theory and practice, 4th ed. Missouri: Elsevier Saunders;
2015. Pg 294-296
17. Edwina A, M Kidd. Essentials of dental caries, 3rd ed. New York: Oxford
University; 2005. Pg128-131
18. Welbury R, Duggal MS, Hosey MT. Paediatric dentistry, 4th ed. United Kingdom:
Oxford University Press; 2012. Pg 87
19. Ashalatha PR, Deepa G. Textbook of anatomy and physiology for nurses, 3 rd ed.
New Delhi: Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers (P) Ltd.; 2011. Pg 444 - 445
Universitas Sumatera Utara
20. Almeida PDV, Gregio AMT, Machado MAN, Lima AAS, Azevedo LR. Saliva
composition and functions: A comprehensive review. The Journal of
Contemporary Dental Practice 2008; 9(3): 1-11.
21. Rhoades RA, Bell DR. Medical physiology: principles for clinical medicine, 3rd
ed. Baltimore: Lippincott Williams &Wilkins; 2009. Pg 498-499
22. Pramod JR. Textbook of oral medicine, 3rd ed. New Delhi: Jaypee Brothers
Medical Publishers (P) Ltd; 2014. Pg 60 - 64
23. GC
Saliva
Check
Buffer.
How
to
use
saliva
check
buffer
kit.
http://www.gcasia.info/ProdDoc/Doc1/instructions.pdf. ( 05 Maret 2015 ).
24. Yazeed AE, Taha S, Shehaby E, Salem. Relationship between salivary
composition and dental caries among a group of Egyptian Down syndrome
children. Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Science. 2009; 3(2): 720-730.
25. Palomares CF, Montagud JVM, Sanchiz V, Herreros B, Hernandez V, Minguez
M et al. Unstimulated salivary flow rate, pH and buffer capacity of saliva in
healthy volunteers. Revista Espanola DE Enfermedades Digestivas. 2004; 96(11):
773-783.
26. Siqueira WL, Bermejo PR, Mustacchi Z, Nicolau J. Buffer capacity, pH, and flow
rate in saliva of children aged 2-60 months with Down syndrome. Clinical Oral
Invest. 2004; 2005(9): 26-29.
27. Asokan S, Muthu MS, Sivakumar N. Dental caries prevalence and treatment
needs of Down syndrome children in Chennai, India. Indian J Dent Res. 2008; 19
(3): 224-9.
28. Al-khadra TA. Prevalence of dental caries and oral hygiene status among Down’s
syndrome patients in Riyadh Saudi Arabia. Pakistan Oral Dent J. 2011; 31 (1):
115-7.
29. Wijaya S. Prevalensi karies gigi dan relasi gigi anterior pada anak sindrom Down
di Kota Makassar. http://repository.unhas.ac.id/handle/123456789/1886.
(18
September 2014)
Universitas Sumatera Utara