Hubungan Penggunaan Nasogastric Tube Dengan Kejadian Pneumonia Pada Stroke Akut Dengan Disfagia
DAFTAR PUSTAKA
Alberta Clinical Practice Guidelines Steering Committee. 2002. Guideline for
the diagnosis and management of community acquired pneumonia:
pediatric.
Accessed
online
June
1,
2004,
at:
http://www.albertadoctors.org/bcm/ama/amawebsite.nsf/AllDocSearch/
87256DB000705C3F87256E0500553605/$File/pneumoniapediatrics.d
f
Arenillas, J.F., Sabin, J.A., Molina, C.A., Chacon, P., Montaner, J., Rovira, A,
et al. 2003. C-Reactive Protein Predicts Further Ischemic Events In
First Ever Transient Ischemic Attack or Stroke Patients with
Intracranial Large Artery Occlusive Disease. Stroke. 34:2463-2470.
Becker, JU., Wira, CR., Arnold, JL., 2010. Stroke Ischemic. Available
from:http://emedicine.medscape.com/
article/
793904.
Cited
at:11/17/2010.
Caplan, L.R. 2009. Caplan’s Stroke: A clinical Approach. 4th ed. Saunders.
Elsevier. Philadelphia.
Chumbler, NR., Williams, LS., Wells, CK., Lo, AC., Nadeau, S., Peixoto, AJ.,
et al. 2010. Derivation and Ventilation of a Clinical System For
Predicting Pneumonia in Acute Stroke. Neuroepidemiology. 34:19399.
Daniels, SK., Anderson, JA., and Wilson, PC. 2012. Valid Items for
Screening Dysphagia Risk in Patients With Stroke : A Systematic
Review. Stroke.43:892-97.
Dziewas, R., Ritter, M., Schilling, M., Konrad, C., Oelenberg, S., Nabavi, D
G., et al. 2004. Pneumonia in Acute Stroke Patients Fed by
Nasogastric Tube. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 75: 852-56.
Dziewas, R., Warnecke, T., Hamacher, C., Oelenberg, S., Teismann., Ritter,
M., et al 2008. Do Nasogastric Tubes Worsen Dysphagia in Patients
With Acute Stroke. BMC Neurol. 23Juli, 8:28.
Fishman JA. Nosocomial Pneumonia In Fishman’s Pulmonary Diseases and
Disorders.4th ed. New York : McGraw-Hill Int. 2008
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Ghim, BK., Choi, SY., Kang, IJ.,Kang, YJ., Kwon, BS., Lee, JE. 2010.
Association between nasogastric tube insertion and aspiration
pneumonia in drug intoxication. Korean J Med 78:87-94.
Gofir A. 2009. Defenisi Stroke, Anatomi Vaskularisasi Otak dan Patofisiologi
Stroke. Dalam: Indera, Noer A, Utomo AB.(Ed). Manajemen Stroke,
Evidence Based Medicine. Jakarta.
Goldstein, L.B., Adams, R., Alberts, M.J., Appel, L.J., Brass, L.M., Brushnel,
C.D., et al. 2006. Primary Prevention Of Ischemic Stroke: A Guidline
from the American Heart Association / American Stroke Association
Stroke Council. Stroke. 37.1583-1633.
Goodwin, S Rose. 2009. Prevention Of Aspiration Pneumona : A Research –
BasedProtocol,at:http://www.pspinformation.com/disease/aspiration/pn
eu.shtml.
Hollan, Kimberly. 2013. Nasogastric Intubation and Feeding. Available from
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/patientinstructions/000182.ht
m.
Huang, JY., Zhang, DY., Yao, Y., Xia, QX., Fan, QQ. 2006. Training in
Swallowing Prevents Aspiration Pneumonia in Stroke Patients with
Dysphagia. Journal of International Medical Research. 34:303.
Jeremy, P.T. 2007. At Glance Sistem Respirasi. Edisi Kedua. Jakarta:
Erlangga Medical Series. Hal. 76-77.
Kumar S, Selim MH, Caplan LR. 2010. Medical Complications After Stroke.
Lancet Neurol.105-18.
Langdon, Claire, and Blacker, David. 2010. Dysphagia in Stroke : A new
Solution. Stroke. 30 June.
Langmore, SE., Terpenning, MS., Schork, A., Chen, Y., Murray, JT., Lopatin,
D., dkk. 1998. Predictors of Aspiration Pneumonia: How Important Is
Dysphagia?. Dysphagia. Spinger-Verlag New York Inc.13:69-81.
London Health Sciences Center. 2006. Procedure For Inserting An Oral /
Nasal Small Bowel Feeding Tube In CCTC. August 3.
Machfoed, M.H. 2003. The Latest Clinical Epidemiological Data of Ischemic
and Hemorrhagic Stroke Patients in Surabaya and Surroundings. A
Hospital Based Study. Folia Medica Indonesia. 39:242-50
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Mamun, K., and Lim, J. 2005. Role of Nasogastric Tube in Preventing
Aspiration Pneumonia in Patiens With Dysphagia. Singapore Med J.
46(11):627.
Marrie, TJ., Campbell, GD., Walker, DH., Low, DE., Pneumonia. In: Kasper,
DL., Fauci, AS., Longo, DL., Braunwald, E., Hauser, SL., and
Jameson JL(Ed). Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine. New York:
McGraw-Hill.1528-40
Martino, R., Foley, N., Bhogal, S., Diamant, N., Speechley, M., Teasell, M.
2005. Dysphagia After Stroke: Incidence, Diagnosis, and Pulmonary
Complication. Stroke. 36: 2756-63.
Metheny, NA. 2012. Preventing Aspiration in Older Adults with Dysphagia.
Available http//www.hartfordign.org.
Misbach, J. 1999. Stroke. Aspek Diagnostik, Patofisiologi, Manajemen. Balai
Penerbit
FK UI. Jakarta.
Misbach, J. 2007. Pandangan Umum Mengenai Stroke. Dalam : Rasyid, A.
dan Soertidewi, L. (eds). Unit Stroke. Manajemen Stroke Secara
Komprehensif. Balai Penerbit Universitas Indonesia. Jakarta. Hal1-9
Misbach, J., Janni, J. 2007. Diagnosis Stroke. Dalam: Misbach J, Soertidewi
L, Jannis J. (Ed). Stroke, Aspek Diagnostik, Patofisiologi, Manajemen.
Jakarta: Badan Penerbit FK UI.
Misbach, J., Lamsudin, R., Aliah, A., A, Basyiruddin., Suroto., Alfa, a., et all.
2011. Guideline Stroke. Jakarta: PERDOSSI
Misnadirly. 2008. Penyakit Infeksi Saluran Napas Pneumonia Pada Anak
Balita, Orang Dewasa, Usia Lanjut. Jakarta: Pustaka Popular Obor.
Hal. 55-58.
Nasution, D. Strategi Pencegahan Stroke Primer. 2007. Pidato Pengukuhan
Jabatan Guru Besar Tetap Neurologi FK USU. Medan: Universitas
Sumatera Utara.
Painthakar, M.M., and Dabhi, R.D. 2003. Functional Recovery in Ischemic
Stroke. Neurol India. 51 : 414-6.
Rosamond, W., Flegal, K., Friday, G., Furie, K., Go, A., Greenlund, K.,
Haase, N., et al. 2007. Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics 2007
Update : A Report From the American Heart Association Statistics
Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee. Circulation. 115:e69e171.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Rotstein, C., Evans, G., Born, A., Grossman, R., Light, RB., Magder, S., et al.
2008. Clinical Practice Guidelines for Hospital-acquired Pneumonia
and Ventilator – Associated Pneumonia In Adults. Can J Infect Dis
Med Microbiol. 19(1):19-53.
Sacco, R.L., Kasner, S. E., Broderick, S. P., Caplan, L. R., Culebras, A.,
Elkind, M. S.V., et al. 2003. An Up Date Defenition of Stroke For the
21st Century : A Statement For Healthcare Professionals from the
American Heart Association/ American Stroke Association. Stroke:
44:2064-89.
Sajinadiyasi, I., Rai., I., Sriyeni. 2011. Perbandingan Antara Pemberian
Antibiotika Monoterapi Dengan Dual Terapi Terhadap Outcome Pada
Pasien Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) di Rumah Sakit
Sanglah Denpasar. Divisi Paru Lab/SMF Ilmu Penyakit Dalam FK
Unud/RSUP Sanglah Denpasar. 1 (12): 13-19.
Sastroasmoro, Sudigdo., Ismael, Sofyan. 2008. Dasar – dasar Metodologi
Penelitian Klinis. Edisi 3. Jakarta:Sagung Seto.
Sellars, C., Bowie, L., Bagg, J., Sweeney, MP., Miller, H., Tilston, J., et al.
2007. Risk Factors for Chest Infection in Acute Stroke : A Prospective
Cohort Study Stroke. 38: 2284-91.
Singh, S., and Hamdy, S. 2006. Dysphagia in Stroke Patients. Postgard Med
J. June. 82(968): 383-91.
Sjahrir, H. 2003. Stroke Iskemik. Medan:Yandira Agung.
Soetikno, RD. 2007. Pencitraan Disfagia. Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas
Padjadjaran/RSUP.DR.Hasan Sadikin. Bandung
Speeech Pathology Resousrs. 2003. Preventing aspiration During Tube
Feeding. 58(1):52-5
Strachan, P., Solomita, M. 2007. Preventive Measures AreStill The Best
Strategy Aspiration Syndromes: Pneumonia and Pneumonitis Key
Words: Aspiration, Pneumonitis, Pneumonia. The Journal of
Respiratory Disease.28(9):370-85.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Supandi, P.Z. 1992. Pulmonologi Klinik. Jakarta: Bagian Pulmonologi FKUI.
Hal. 87- 91.
Sura, L., Madhayani, A., Carnaby, G., Crary. MA. 2012. Dysphagia in the
elderly: management and nutritional considerations. Clinical
Interventions in Aging. 7: 287–98.
Teramoto, S., Ishii, T., Yamamoto, H., Yamaguchi, Y., Ouchi, Y. 2006.
Nasogastric Tube Feeding Is A Cause Of Aspiration Pneumonia In
Ventilated Patients. European Respiratory Journal.27(1):436-37.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Alberta Clinical Practice Guidelines Steering Committee. 2002. Guideline for
the diagnosis and management of community acquired pneumonia:
pediatric.
Accessed
online
June
1,
2004,
at:
http://www.albertadoctors.org/bcm/ama/amawebsite.nsf/AllDocSearch/
87256DB000705C3F87256E0500553605/$File/pneumoniapediatrics.d
f
Arenillas, J.F., Sabin, J.A., Molina, C.A., Chacon, P., Montaner, J., Rovira, A,
et al. 2003. C-Reactive Protein Predicts Further Ischemic Events In
First Ever Transient Ischemic Attack or Stroke Patients with
Intracranial Large Artery Occlusive Disease. Stroke. 34:2463-2470.
Becker, JU., Wira, CR., Arnold, JL., 2010. Stroke Ischemic. Available
from:http://emedicine.medscape.com/
article/
793904.
Cited
at:11/17/2010.
Caplan, L.R. 2009. Caplan’s Stroke: A clinical Approach. 4th ed. Saunders.
Elsevier. Philadelphia.
Chumbler, NR., Williams, LS., Wells, CK., Lo, AC., Nadeau, S., Peixoto, AJ.,
et al. 2010. Derivation and Ventilation of a Clinical System For
Predicting Pneumonia in Acute Stroke. Neuroepidemiology. 34:19399.
Daniels, SK., Anderson, JA., and Wilson, PC. 2012. Valid Items for
Screening Dysphagia Risk in Patients With Stroke : A Systematic
Review. Stroke.43:892-97.
Dziewas, R., Ritter, M., Schilling, M., Konrad, C., Oelenberg, S., Nabavi, D
G., et al. 2004. Pneumonia in Acute Stroke Patients Fed by
Nasogastric Tube. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 75: 852-56.
Dziewas, R., Warnecke, T., Hamacher, C., Oelenberg, S., Teismann., Ritter,
M., et al 2008. Do Nasogastric Tubes Worsen Dysphagia in Patients
With Acute Stroke. BMC Neurol. 23Juli, 8:28.
Fishman JA. Nosocomial Pneumonia In Fishman’s Pulmonary Diseases and
Disorders.4th ed. New York : McGraw-Hill Int. 2008
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Ghim, BK., Choi, SY., Kang, IJ.,Kang, YJ., Kwon, BS., Lee, JE. 2010.
Association between nasogastric tube insertion and aspiration
pneumonia in drug intoxication. Korean J Med 78:87-94.
Gofir A. 2009. Defenisi Stroke, Anatomi Vaskularisasi Otak dan Patofisiologi
Stroke. Dalam: Indera, Noer A, Utomo AB.(Ed). Manajemen Stroke,
Evidence Based Medicine. Jakarta.
Goldstein, L.B., Adams, R., Alberts, M.J., Appel, L.J., Brass, L.M., Brushnel,
C.D., et al. 2006. Primary Prevention Of Ischemic Stroke: A Guidline
from the American Heart Association / American Stroke Association
Stroke Council. Stroke. 37.1583-1633.
Goodwin, S Rose. 2009. Prevention Of Aspiration Pneumona : A Research –
BasedProtocol,at:http://www.pspinformation.com/disease/aspiration/pn
eu.shtml.
Hollan, Kimberly. 2013. Nasogastric Intubation and Feeding. Available from
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/patientinstructions/000182.ht
m.
Huang, JY., Zhang, DY., Yao, Y., Xia, QX., Fan, QQ. 2006. Training in
Swallowing Prevents Aspiration Pneumonia in Stroke Patients with
Dysphagia. Journal of International Medical Research. 34:303.
Jeremy, P.T. 2007. At Glance Sistem Respirasi. Edisi Kedua. Jakarta:
Erlangga Medical Series. Hal. 76-77.
Kumar S, Selim MH, Caplan LR. 2010. Medical Complications After Stroke.
Lancet Neurol.105-18.
Langdon, Claire, and Blacker, David. 2010. Dysphagia in Stroke : A new
Solution. Stroke. 30 June.
Langmore, SE., Terpenning, MS., Schork, A., Chen, Y., Murray, JT., Lopatin,
D., dkk. 1998. Predictors of Aspiration Pneumonia: How Important Is
Dysphagia?. Dysphagia. Spinger-Verlag New York Inc.13:69-81.
London Health Sciences Center. 2006. Procedure For Inserting An Oral /
Nasal Small Bowel Feeding Tube In CCTC. August 3.
Machfoed, M.H. 2003. The Latest Clinical Epidemiological Data of Ischemic
and Hemorrhagic Stroke Patients in Surabaya and Surroundings. A
Hospital Based Study. Folia Medica Indonesia. 39:242-50
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Mamun, K., and Lim, J. 2005. Role of Nasogastric Tube in Preventing
Aspiration Pneumonia in Patiens With Dysphagia. Singapore Med J.
46(11):627.
Marrie, TJ., Campbell, GD., Walker, DH., Low, DE., Pneumonia. In: Kasper,
DL., Fauci, AS., Longo, DL., Braunwald, E., Hauser, SL., and
Jameson JL(Ed). Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine. New York:
McGraw-Hill.1528-40
Martino, R., Foley, N., Bhogal, S., Diamant, N., Speechley, M., Teasell, M.
2005. Dysphagia After Stroke: Incidence, Diagnosis, and Pulmonary
Complication. Stroke. 36: 2756-63.
Metheny, NA. 2012. Preventing Aspiration in Older Adults with Dysphagia.
Available http//www.hartfordign.org.
Misbach, J. 1999. Stroke. Aspek Diagnostik, Patofisiologi, Manajemen. Balai
Penerbit
FK UI. Jakarta.
Misbach, J. 2007. Pandangan Umum Mengenai Stroke. Dalam : Rasyid, A.
dan Soertidewi, L. (eds). Unit Stroke. Manajemen Stroke Secara
Komprehensif. Balai Penerbit Universitas Indonesia. Jakarta. Hal1-9
Misbach, J., Janni, J. 2007. Diagnosis Stroke. Dalam: Misbach J, Soertidewi
L, Jannis J. (Ed). Stroke, Aspek Diagnostik, Patofisiologi, Manajemen.
Jakarta: Badan Penerbit FK UI.
Misbach, J., Lamsudin, R., Aliah, A., A, Basyiruddin., Suroto., Alfa, a., et all.
2011. Guideline Stroke. Jakarta: PERDOSSI
Misnadirly. 2008. Penyakit Infeksi Saluran Napas Pneumonia Pada Anak
Balita, Orang Dewasa, Usia Lanjut. Jakarta: Pustaka Popular Obor.
Hal. 55-58.
Nasution, D. Strategi Pencegahan Stroke Primer. 2007. Pidato Pengukuhan
Jabatan Guru Besar Tetap Neurologi FK USU. Medan: Universitas
Sumatera Utara.
Painthakar, M.M., and Dabhi, R.D. 2003. Functional Recovery in Ischemic
Stroke. Neurol India. 51 : 414-6.
Rosamond, W., Flegal, K., Friday, G., Furie, K., Go, A., Greenlund, K.,
Haase, N., et al. 2007. Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics 2007
Update : A Report From the American Heart Association Statistics
Committee and Stroke Statistics Subcommittee. Circulation. 115:e69e171.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Rotstein, C., Evans, G., Born, A., Grossman, R., Light, RB., Magder, S., et al.
2008. Clinical Practice Guidelines for Hospital-acquired Pneumonia
and Ventilator – Associated Pneumonia In Adults. Can J Infect Dis
Med Microbiol. 19(1):19-53.
Sacco, R.L., Kasner, S. E., Broderick, S. P., Caplan, L. R., Culebras, A.,
Elkind, M. S.V., et al. 2003. An Up Date Defenition of Stroke For the
21st Century : A Statement For Healthcare Professionals from the
American Heart Association/ American Stroke Association. Stroke:
44:2064-89.
Sajinadiyasi, I., Rai., I., Sriyeni. 2011. Perbandingan Antara Pemberian
Antibiotika Monoterapi Dengan Dual Terapi Terhadap Outcome Pada
Pasien Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) di Rumah Sakit
Sanglah Denpasar. Divisi Paru Lab/SMF Ilmu Penyakit Dalam FK
Unud/RSUP Sanglah Denpasar. 1 (12): 13-19.
Sastroasmoro, Sudigdo., Ismael, Sofyan. 2008. Dasar – dasar Metodologi
Penelitian Klinis. Edisi 3. Jakarta:Sagung Seto.
Sellars, C., Bowie, L., Bagg, J., Sweeney, MP., Miller, H., Tilston, J., et al.
2007. Risk Factors for Chest Infection in Acute Stroke : A Prospective
Cohort Study Stroke. 38: 2284-91.
Singh, S., and Hamdy, S. 2006. Dysphagia in Stroke Patients. Postgard Med
J. June. 82(968): 383-91.
Sjahrir, H. 2003. Stroke Iskemik. Medan:Yandira Agung.
Soetikno, RD. 2007. Pencitraan Disfagia. Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas
Padjadjaran/RSUP.DR.Hasan Sadikin. Bandung
Speeech Pathology Resousrs. 2003. Preventing aspiration During Tube
Feeding. 58(1):52-5
Strachan, P., Solomita, M. 2007. Preventive Measures AreStill The Best
Strategy Aspiration Syndromes: Pneumonia and Pneumonitis Key
Words: Aspiration, Pneumonitis, Pneumonia. The Journal of
Respiratory Disease.28(9):370-85.
Universitas Sumatera Utara
Supandi, P.Z. 1992. Pulmonologi Klinik. Jakarta: Bagian Pulmonologi FKUI.
Hal. 87- 91.
Sura, L., Madhayani, A., Carnaby, G., Crary. MA. 2012. Dysphagia in the
elderly: management and nutritional considerations. Clinical
Interventions in Aging. 7: 287–98.
Teramoto, S., Ishii, T., Yamamoto, H., Yamaguchi, Y., Ouchi, Y. 2006.
Nasogastric Tube Feeding Is A Cause Of Aspiration Pneumonia In
Ventilated Patients. European Respiratory Journal.27(1):436-37.
Universitas Sumatera Utara