Kajian Karakteristik Fisik Tanah Di Lahan Perkebunan Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis guinensis Jacq.) Kebun Adolina PTPN IV Pada Beberapa Generasi Tanam

ABSTRACT
Jemahaganta Surbakti,“Diversityof Insects in Cocoa (Theobroma cacao
L.)Plantations with Integrated Pest Management (IPM) and Non IPM in Biru-biru
District of Deli Serdang Regency”, supervised by Suzanna Fitriani Sitepu
andSyahrial Oemry.The cocoa farmers mostly practice conventional pest control
that can be harmful to the environment, therefore integrated pest management has
been developed. This research aimed to know diversity of insects in cocoa
plantations affected by integrated pest management (IPM) and conventional (non
IPM) techniques. This research was conducted in two villages in Biru-Biru
district, Deli Serdang Regency and in Plant Pests and Diseases Laboratory,
Faculty of Agriculture, University of North Sumatra, Medan in June until
September 2016. This research used four insect traps (sweep net, pitfall trap, light
trap, and yellow trap), and repeated for five times. The results showed that insects
caught on cocoa plantations with IPM there are 12 orders and 44 families,
thehighest relative density value is 27,49%, the lowest amounted to 0,07%, the
value of insect diversity index of Shannon-Weiner (H') is 2,90 (moderate) and the
value of insect evenness index (E) is 0,76 (high) whereas on cocoa plantations
with non IPM there are 10 Orders and 39 families with the highest relative
density value is 25,27%, the lowest amounted to 0,10%, the value of insect
diversity index of Shannon-Weiner (H') is 2,76(moderate) and the value of insect
evenness index (E) is 0,75 (high).

Keywords: Biodiversity, Insects, Cocoa, Integrated Pest Management

Universitas Sumatera Utara

ABSTRAK
Jemahaganta Surbakti, “Keanekaragaman Jenis Serangga pada Pertanaman
Kakao (Theobroma cacaoL.)dengan Teknik PHT dan non PHT di Kecamatan
Biru-biru Kabupaten Deli Serdang”,di bawah bimbingan Suzanna Fitriani Sitepu
dan Syahrial Oemry.Petani kakao umumnya melakukan pengendalian hama
secara konvensional yang dapat berdampak buruk bagi lingkungan, sehingga kini
dikembangkan sistem pengendalian hama terpadu (PHT).Penelitian ini bertujuan
untuk mengetahui keanekaragaman jenis serangga pada lahan pertanaman kakao
dengan teknik pengendalian hama terpadu (PHT) dan konvensional (non PHT)
pada tanaman kakao di Kecamatan Biru-biru, Kabupaten Deli Serdang. Penelitian
ini dilaksanakan di 2 Desa di Kec.Biru-biru, Kab.Deli Serdangdan
LaboratoriumHama dan Penyakit Tanaman, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas
Sumatera Utara, Medanpada bulan Juni sampai dengan bulan September 2016.
Penelitian ini menggunakan 4 teknik perangkap serangga (Sweep Net, Pitfall
Trap,Light Trap, dan Yellow Trap) dan diulang sebanyak lima kali.Hasil
penelitian menunjukkan serangga yang tertangkap pada lahan kakao PHT terdiri

dari 12 ordo dan 44 famili, nilai kerapatan relatif tertinggi sebesar 27,49%, yang
terendah sebesar 0,07%, nilai indeks keanekaragaman serangga Shanon-Weiner
(H’) adalah2,90(sedang) dan nilai indeks kemerataan serangga adalah 0,76
(tinggi) sedangkan pada lahan kakao non PHT terdapat 10 Ordo dan 39 famili
dengan nilai kerapatan relatif tertinggi sebesar 25,27%, yang terendah
sebesar0,10% dan nilai indeks keanekaragaman serangga sebesar 2,76(sedang)
dan nilai indeks kemerataan serangga adalah 0,75 (tinggi)
Kata Kunci: Keanekaragaman, Serangga, Kakao, Pengendalian Hama Terpadu

Universitas Sumatera Utara