conducting the process of data analysis because one student from experimental class missed the pre-test while one student from the control class missed the post-
test, so the total students is 78 students.
D. Instrument of the Research
The research instruments used by the writer to collect data in this research was written test. The test was divided into two parts; pre-test and post test, in
order to see how well the students master reading exposition text through Jigsaw technique.
Before the test was administered, the reliability and the validity of the research of pre-test and post-test instruments were analyzed to find out whether
the test is good to be used or not.
E. Technique of Data Collection
The technique of collecting data used in this research was test. The test meant here were pre-test and post-test. This test is one of the techniques that can
be used in the quantitative research because test is quantitative data. Quantitative data is broadly used to describe what can be counted or measured and can
therefore be considered as an objective research. The pre-test was given to the experimental class and control class before
the treatment is arranged in the experimental class. The pre-test was set up to the students after the validity and reliability of the test itself was analyzed. On the
other hand, the post-test was given to the experimental class and control class after the treatment is set up in the experimental class.
F. Technique of Data Analysis
The analysis of data that was achieved from the pre-test and post-test was used in this quasi-experimental research to measure the effectiveness of Jigsaw
technique on students’ ability in reading exposition text. The scores achieved from the pre-test and post-test was analyzed by using the t-test statistical analysis to test
the hypothesis.
The pre-test and post-test scores obtained from the classroom tests were analyzed with statistical calculation in the following steps:
a. Determine the Mean of Variable X with formula:
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c. Determine the Standard Deviation Score of Variable X with formula:
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d. Determine the Standard Deviation Score of Variable Y with formula:
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e. Determine the Standard Error Mean of Variable X with formula:
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f. Determine the Standard Error Mean of Variable Y with formula
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g. Determine the Standard Error of different Mean of Variable X and Mean of Variable Y with formula:
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