B. Review of Related theories
The writer uses two kinds of theories to explore deeper the work. The writer uses theory on character and characterization, and theory on
feminism. The writer will combine the theories from many experts to support the analysis.
1. Theories on Character and Characterization
The writer focuses the analysis on the main character both of the two novels. Character plays an important role in a literary work, such as in a
novel. Abrams defines character as the person presented in a dramatic or narrative work, who are interpreted by the reader as being endowed with
moral and disposition qualities that are expressed in what they say-the dialogue-and by what they do-the action Abrams, 1981:20. Here, Abrams
stated that to know the character of a person in dramatic or narrative work, we can see from how the person act and say.
The chief character in a plot, on whom our interest centers, is called the protagonist or alternatively, the hero or heroine, and if the plot is such
that he or she is pitted against an important opponent, that character is called the antagonist. Abrams,1999:224
Here, Abrams states that there are two kinds of character, which are protagonist and antagonist. Protagonist is a character that observed many
times and the central of the story. Anatagonist is a character which has the opposite attitude with the protagonist character.
A broad distinction is frequently made between alternative methods for characterizing. There are two methods of characterization, which are
telling method and showing method. In a telling method, the author explain all in details and give a direct comment so the readers can know the
character directly. In a showing method, the author let the readers to conclude by themselves about the character by see the dialogue and their
acts. Abrams, 1999:33 E.M Foster classified characters according to the development stage
into two parts, which are round and flat character. Round character is complex in temperament and motivation, flat character is a character that
have one characteristic only. According to him there are two kinds of character if we see from the development stage which are round and flat
character. Round character is a character that have many attitudes and qualities inside of him or her. While flat character is a character that have
one attitude and quality inside of him or her.Abrams, 1999:33 There are many kinds of the theory of characterization above. In this
thesis, the writer will only uses some of it. The writer will only use the theory that have correlation to this study. The writer will focus to analyze
their speech, act, and thoughts.
2.` Theories on Feminism
According to Humm patriarchy is men authority system which opress women through social institution, economic, and politic. Humm,
2002:332 Humm states that patriarchy is situation where man is superior than women, and it makes women are being opressed by them in all aspect
of life.
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