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and rules, but also learning to be able to put one’s knowledge to communicative effect. So, communicative competence or fluency and
acceptable language are the primary goals Nunan, 2003: 55.
2.1.3.3 The Communicative Language Teaching involves the communicative activities
The range of exercise types and activities based on communicative approach is unlimited, as long as such exercises enable learners to engage in
communication and require the use of such communicative process as information sharing and interaction Herlina, 2005:32
Taylor 1967: 47 states that communicative activities should be to encourage the acquisition of communication skills and to foster real
communication in and out of the classroom. The teacher present activities which are meaningful to the students and which will motivate them to become
commited to sustaining that communication to accomplish specific goals. Marton 1988 states the characteristics of a communicative classroom,
are as follows: most of the class time is spent on speaking activities; only the target language is used in the class; the focus of all classroom activities is on
negotiation of meaning and exchange of information and not on the language and its forms; most of the speaking activities practiced in class are
spontaneous exchange in unplanned discourse; the structure of the target language is not taught explicitly; learners’ errors, particularly grammatical
ones are not corrected by the teacher in any direct and explicit way; it can be easily observed that the teacher does not try to be the central figure in the
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classroom and the only provider of feedback; quite often speaking activities may be structured in such a way that learners have to solve a problem; in
performing communicative task in class; the learner often resorts to communication strategies.
Communicative competence is ultimately concerned with developing the learners’ ability to take part in the process of communicating through
language. In other words, the communicative approach encourages us to go beyond the structures and take account of other aspects of communication. Brown also states
that in Communicative Language Teaching, means for real life communication in the classroom.
2.1.3.4 The Learners’ Main Role in CLT
