2. Subject and Object of the Research
a. Subject
The Subject of this study is students at grade VIII-1 class of MTs. Al- Falah Jakarta in academic year 20102011. The number of students consists of 34
thirty-four. It is chosen based upon unstructured interview result with the English teacher at that class proving that they have the lowest achievement in
learning Simple Past Tense among the other eight classes.
b. Object
The object of the research is using narrative text an effective way to develop stud
ents’ understanding of the Simple Past Tense.
3. The Writer’s Role on the Study
In this role, the writer is as not only the observer whilst the action but also makes a lesson plan and the assessment or test before Classroom Action Research
CAR pretest and after Classroom Action Research CAR posttest in each final cycle.
The English teachers’ role as observer who observes teaching-learning situation, student and teachers’ performance during teaching-learning process.
Afterwards, the writer also collects and analyzes data with English teacher.
4. The Method of Research
The writer in this research used Classroom Action Research CAR method which is derived from the root an action research, because it occurs in the
classroom frame, it is called CAR. John W. Santrock stated “CAR is a research that used to solve a specific classroom or school problem, improve teaching and
other educational strategies or make a decision at a specific level.”
1
1
John W. Santrock, Educational Psychology, Second edition New York: McGraw, 2004, p. 23
5. The Technique of Collecting Data
In completing the data, the writer used qualitative data and quantitative data, qualitative data consists of observation, interview and field note, quantitative data
consists of pretest and posttest.
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a. Observation
In this research, the writer used field note, sheet of pre-observation of teaching learning. Field note is done during implementing CAR.
Sheet of pre-observation of teaching learning is done before implementing CAR, it is purp
oseful to know English teachers’ performance, and sheet of post observation of teaching learning is done
during implementing CAR. b.
Interview Interview is held with the teacher and students in order to know the
real condition in applying the technique narrative text and how far the technique can motivate the students in improving students’ understanding
of the Simple Past Tense. The writer interviewed the English teacher and students. This interview conducted before and after the implementation
of Classroom Action Research. c.
Test The test used in this study is pretest, posttest I and posttest II.
Pretest is done before implementing CAR. It is done to make sure whether the data of observation in line with the result pretest or not.
Meanwhile, the posttest is implemented after using narrative text technique. In this study, the test is done in form of multiple choices. The
test is held on every second action of each cycle. d.
Questionnaire The writer conducted questioner to 34 students. Questionnaire is
done before implementing CAR; it is purposeful to know students’ difficulty in English learning. Questionnaire is done after implementing
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Suharsimi Arikunto, Penelitian Tindakan Kelas, Jakarta: Bumi Aksara, 2009, p. 127- 132.
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