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The Classroom Action Research Procedures Acting Observing

3. Observing

In this phase, after the teacher does the acting in cycle II, she observes and notices all of activities that occur in the classroom. The writer also notices the class situation using the field note and structured observation sheet.

4. Reflecting

Reflecting phase is designed to reflect the writer’s action in cycle II, it is based on data that have been collected. The writer has to analyze data and reflect with English teacher by using result of the observation. The writer also analyzes observation data, interview data, pretest and posttest based on criteria success. If the result of cycle II has reached the main goal, thus the writer should stop her research. In the other hand, if the result of cycle has not reached the main goal, thus the writer has to direct to the next cycle until the main goal is reached.

9. The Trustworthiness of study

In analyzing the test items, there are two ways that will be used to know the trustworthiness of the data, and it is explained as follows:

1. Discriminating Power

The discriminating power of a test item is an index that shows its ability to differentiate between pupils who achieved well the upper group and those who have achieved poorly the lower group. It is supported by the theory of Norman E. Gronlund in his book, Constructing Achievement Test, he stated that “discriminating power is the comparison between the number of students in the upper group and lower group who answered the item correctly ”. 8 To find out the discriminating power index, it will be used the following formula: 9 8 Norman E. Gronlund. Constructing Achievement Test, New Jersey: Prentince-Hall, Inc. 1982 , p.103 9 Norman E. Gronlund. Constructing... D : The index of discriminating power Ru :The number of pupils in the upper group who answered the item correctly RL :The number of pupils in the lower group who answered the item correctly ½ T : One half of the total number of students included in the item analysis Then, the criterion of discriminating power is rated as follows: Table 4.1 The Classification of Discriminating Power DISCRIMINATING POWER REMARK 0.6 – 1.0 Very good 0.4 – 0.6 Good 0.1 – 0.3 Ok -1 – 0.0 Bad Ru – RL D = ──── ½ T

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