E. Research Hypotheses
This study proposes two hypotheses as follow:
1.
Research hypothesis : There is a significant relationship between critical
thinking skill and argumentative writing skill of the twelfth grade students of SMA Kharisma Bangsa, academic year 20152016.
2.
The null hypothesis : There is no significant relationship between critical
thinking skill and argumentative writing skill of the twelfth grade students of SMA Kharisma Bangsa, academic year 20152016.
32
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This chapter describes the research methodology including the period on which the study was conducted, the number of participant of this study, the
instruments of the study as well as the way administrating those instruments. The procedure of collecting and analyzing the data were also included. These are
clearly presented in time and place of the study, research design, population and sample, research instruments, technique of collecting the data and technique of
data analysis.
A. Time and Place of the Study
The study was carried out from July to August 2015 in SMA Kharisma Bangsa which is located in Jl. Terbang Layang No. 21, Pamulang, East
Tangerang, Banten.
B. Research Design
This study is quantitative one as the research analysis used statistical and numerical data to test the hypotheses. This study involved two variables including
critical thinking skill and writing skill in term of argumentative writing. A correlational design was used in this research. It was employed to
describe and to measure the relationship between two variables covering an independent variable critical thinking skill and a dependent variable
argumentative writing skill by using correlational analysis. According to Creswell, “A correlation is a statistical test to determine the
tendency or pattern for two or more variables or two set of data to vary constantly. In the case of two variables it means that two variables share common variance, or
they co- vary together‖.
1
In addition, correlational research involves collecting data to determine whether and in what degree of relations is expressed as a correlation
1
John. W. Creswell, Educational Research: Planning, Conducting, and Evaluating Quantitative and Qualitative Research, Boston: Pearson Education Inc., 2012, 4
th
ed., p. 338.
coefficient.
2
This design was used to find out the relation between two variables or more and to see the influence of each other. In this case, this design was
employed to seek the relation between critical thinking skill and argumentative writing skill.
C. Population and Sample
The population of this study was twelfth grade students of SMA Kharisma Bangsa, academic year 20152016, included 68 students from 4 Classes. From
the population, 35 students were chosen as the participants of this study. The sample of this study were 35 students that had been selected. The
sample was determined by using purposive sampling technique. Purposive sampling technique means taking sample based on the certain purpose. Two
classes were determined as the partcipants of this study based on the avarage ability both have. In this case, 35 students from XII A and XII C class were
selected and being the subjects of this study. In addition, those students were chosen because they had already learnt argumentative essay.
D. Research Instruments
In this study, there were two instruments to collect the data which were administered to the participants students of SMA Kharisma Bangsa. The
instruments were critical thinking test which attempt to measure students critical thinking skill, and an instruction asking the students to write argumentative essay
which is used to measure students argumentative writing skill. Those instruments were used in order to achieve the goal of the study; to find out the correlation
between those variables. Here, is the specific information of the research instruments:
1. Critical Thinking Test
The critical thinking test used in this research was Cornell Critical Thinking Test series. The CCTT is a standardized test developed by R. Ennis,
Millman, and Tomko in 1980. In this study, level X was chosen as the instrument
2
L. R. Gay, Geoffrey E. Mills and Peter Airasian, Educational Research: Competencies for Analysis and Applications, London: Pearson Education Ltd., 2009, 9
th
ed., p. 196.
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