Discussions RESEARCH FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION
instructional media when teaching. They can therefore exploit current techniques at their disposal.
According to Azikiwe 2007, p. 108, instructional media cover whatever the teacher uses to involve all the five senses of sight, hearing, touch, smell and
taste while presenting hisher lessons. They are very important in language teaching, especially the foreign language, because they facilitate the direct
association between sounds and their symbols and also words and the objects they represent. They help to vividly illustrate meanings of things because they
are associated with materials used by the teacher to improve the quality of his teaching.
Teachers should be innovative enough and ready to venture out to environment so as to improve teaching and enhance learning Aggarwal, 2009,
p. 76. Visual methods in teaching and learning create longer lasting experiences and relate readily to other sensory experiences. Parallel with
developments in technology, video use in language teaching environments for improving listening comprehension has been on the rise
O’Brien Hegelheimer, 2007, pp. 162
–180. This is fairly understandable approach, since videos have distinct advantages for improving listening abilities. Video has the
power to make listening more authentic by presenting context, discourse, paralinguistic features, and culture Coniam, 2001, pp. 1
–14. These non–verbal clues, complementary to aural input, may help listeners understand better.
2 The Different Influence of Students’ Learning Motivation in Students’
Listening Achievement.
The result of the second hypothesis test confirmed that students with high learning motivation who were taught by using video had higher average
score than those with low learning motivation who also taught by using video in their listening comprehension. The students with high learning motivation who
were taught by using picture also had higher average score than those with low learning motivation who were taught by using picture in their listening
comprehension.
The results in this study indicated that students ’ who had high motivation
tend to have good achievement, while students who had low motivation tend to have relatively lower achievement. Motivation is one of the factors to determine
the success of a person. The learning process will be efficient if it accompanied with motivation. So, motivation is an important thing to get better achievement
and teacher should know what kind of strategies in teaching and learning
activity that can gain students’ motivation in learning English especially in learning listening skill. When students’ were motivated to learn, it can lead to
better achievement. According to Rost 2006, p. 2, there are two main reasons why
motivation is so important. The first is that motivation arouses students’ interest. The second is that motivation helps the students keep their enthusiasm.
In terms of language learning, motivation defines as the combination of effort that refers to the time spent for studying the language and desire that shows
how much the learner wants to become proficient in the language and affect that refers to enjoyment in learning the language. Students differ widely in their
motivation in learning English. Students’ learning motivation makes teaching and learning immeasurably easier and more pleasant as well as more
productive. So, how to keep students’ interest in learning must be focused. Withou
t interest, motivation and variation in teaching and learning, students’ certainly feel bored with listening.
There are two kinds of motivation that can affect students’ in learning foreign language; they are intrinsic motivation and extrinsic motivation.
Intrinsic motivation comes from inside an individual or the students’, it is
related to the curiosity and students’ interest in learning such material or subject and it can lead them to know better and to master the material so they can get
better achievement. Extrinsic motivation related to external factors that force, initiate, and guide an individual to act or do something. For example, when a
teacher delivered a material and he or she uses a lot of variation, it can enhance
the students’ motivation to learn the material and it lead to their better achievement.
3 Interactional Effect Between Learning Media Used and Learning
Motivation t o Students’ Listening Comprehension.
To know whether there was any interactional effect of learning media used and learning motivation on students’ listening comprehension, hypothesis
3 was tested as Ho= Int. A×B = 0 and Hi= Int. A×B ≠ 0 A was teaching-
learning media while B was students’ learning motivation. Based on the Tests of Between-Subjects Effects, p value Sig. of BA= 0.001 0.05. It meant
that Ho was rejected because there was significant interaction between independent variables learning motivation and teaching-learning media.
Descriptive statistics indicated that students with high learning motivation who were taught by using video
had higher
average score
in listening
comprehension than those who were taught by using picture. Thus, students with low learning motivation who were taught by video had higher average
score than those who were taught by picture.
Those findings ensure that each different media video and picture effective in teaching listening skills. In this research, video learning
successfully helps to enhance students’ listening comprehension as well as picture learning does. This result has indicated that listening achievement is
caused by interaction effects between learning motivation owned by students and media used.
As Nunan 2003, p. 22 stated that motivation and learning attitude are important factors influencing achievement. Therefore, students must be
motivated enough to achieve learning either intrinsically or extrinsically in any
different media. The low or high motivation to learn English finally influenced the result of the learning. The higher motivation will result in higher
achievement, while the lower one will also result the lower achievement, it means that the high motivation has encouraged and supported students to put all
of their effort to master listening skill.
Listening comprehension is one of the important aspects in language learning. The processes of listening in the classroom involve a teacher and
students. When teaching Junior High School students, the teacher should make the learning process enjoying because children love to play and learn best when
they are enjoying it. By using video and picture it is expected that students can improve their listening skill with learning by playing. So, they will enjoy and
easy to receive the material.
In language learning context, it is believed that children will learn a foreign language more effectively under certain conditions. When teaching
learning process is fun and natural, then it will make the students more effectively in learning the target language.
The use of radio, tape recorders, film, projectors and pictures in teaching appeals to the eye because they attract attention and sustain interest by
illustrating relationships like similarities and contrasts of activities in a way that conveys messages better than words could do. Such aids in teaching are closer
to real life situations. They provide immediate feedback to learners on their performance and help to save teaching time because they speed up the learning
process better than lengthy descriptions if words were to be used. Students who are not able to be stimulated by other techniques can indeed be stimulated by
picture, film, chart, recorded tapes and other instructional material.
One of the ways to orient learners to a listening comprehension task is by providing them visual material. Video and picture are the example of
instructional media that can be used in teaching listening. It is a new way in teaching listening which can make the students having a new way and expected
to increase their motivation when they got the listening material from the teachers.
Teachers should know which kind of learning media that can be effective used in their classroom. In learning listening skill, it is better to use
Video than Picture. Learners are more motivated to cope with the instruction when given the opportunity to study with the use of video materials. It was
because videos include both aural and visual information and it also closer to the real life situations. When the students feel entertaining and enjoy the
material it can gained their motivation to study the material and could enhance their achievement in the material.