Discussions RESEARCH FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION

instructional media when teaching. They can therefore exploit current techniques at their disposal. According to Azikiwe 2007, p. 108, instructional media cover whatever the teacher uses to involve all the five senses of sight, hearing, touch, smell and taste while presenting hisher lessons. They are very important in language teaching, especially the foreign language, because they facilitate the direct association between sounds and their symbols and also words and the objects they represent. They help to vividly illustrate meanings of things because they are associated with materials used by the teacher to improve the quality of his teaching. Teachers should be innovative enough and ready to venture out to environment so as to improve teaching and enhance learning Aggarwal, 2009, p. 76. Visual methods in teaching and learning create longer lasting experiences and relate readily to other sensory experiences. Parallel with developments in technology, video use in language teaching environments for improving listening comprehension has been on the rise O’Brien Hegelheimer, 2007, pp. 162 –180. This is fairly understandable approach, since videos have distinct advantages for improving listening abilities. Video has the power to make listening more authentic by presenting context, discourse, paralinguistic features, and culture Coniam, 2001, pp. 1 –14. These non–verbal clues, complementary to aural input, may help listeners understand better. 2 The Different Influence of Students’ Learning Motivation in Students’ Listening Achievement. The result of the second hypothesis test confirmed that students with high learning motivation who were taught by using video had higher average score than those with low learning motivation who also taught by using video in their listening comprehension. The students with high learning motivation who were taught by using picture also had higher average score than those with low learning motivation who were taught by using picture in their listening comprehension. The results in this study indicated that students ’ who had high motivation tend to have good achievement, while students who had low motivation tend to have relatively lower achievement. Motivation is one of the factors to determine the success of a person. The learning process will be efficient if it accompanied with motivation. So, motivation is an important thing to get better achievement and teacher should know what kind of strategies in teaching and learning activity that can gain students’ motivation in learning English especially in learning listening skill. When students’ were motivated to learn, it can lead to better achievement. According to Rost 2006, p. 2, there are two main reasons why motivation is so important. The first is that motivation arouses students’ interest. The second is that motivation helps the students keep their enthusiasm. In terms of language learning, motivation defines as the combination of effort that refers to the time spent for studying the language and desire that shows how much the learner wants to become proficient in the language and affect that refers to enjoyment in learning the language. Students differ widely in their motivation in learning English. Students’ learning motivation makes teaching and learning immeasurably easier and more pleasant as well as more productive. So, how to keep students’ interest in learning must be focused. Withou t interest, motivation and variation in teaching and learning, students’ certainly feel bored with listening. There are two kinds of motivation that can affect students’ in learning foreign language; they are intrinsic motivation and extrinsic motivation. Intrinsic motivation comes from inside an individual or the students’, it is related to the curiosity and students’ interest in learning such material or subject and it can lead them to know better and to master the material so they can get better achievement. Extrinsic motivation related to external factors that force, initiate, and guide an individual to act or do something. For example, when a teacher delivered a material and he or she uses a lot of variation, it can enhance the students’ motivation to learn the material and it lead to their better achievement. 3 Interactional Effect Between Learning Media Used and Learning Motivation t o Students’ Listening Comprehension. To know whether there was any interactional effect of learning media used and learning motivation on students’ listening comprehension, hypothesis 3 was tested as Ho= Int. A×B = 0 and Hi= Int. A×B ≠ 0 A was teaching- learning media while B was students’ learning motivation. Based on the Tests of Between-Subjects Effects, p value Sig. of BA= 0.001 0.05. It meant that Ho was rejected because there was significant interaction between independent variables learning motivation and teaching-learning media. Descriptive statistics indicated that students with high learning motivation who were taught by using video had higher average score in listening comprehension than those who were taught by using picture. Thus, students with low learning motivation who were taught by video had higher average score than those who were taught by picture. Those findings ensure that each different media video and picture effective in teaching listening skills. In this research, video learning successfully helps to enhance students’ listening comprehension as well as picture learning does. This result has indicated that listening achievement is caused by interaction effects between learning motivation owned by students and media used. As Nunan 2003, p. 22 stated that motivation and learning attitude are important factors influencing achievement. Therefore, students must be motivated enough to achieve learning either intrinsically or extrinsically in any different media. The low or high motivation to learn English finally influenced the result of the learning. The higher motivation will result in higher achievement, while the lower one will also result the lower achievement, it means that the high motivation has encouraged and supported students to put all of their effort to master listening skill. Listening comprehension is one of the important aspects in language learning. The processes of listening in the classroom involve a teacher and students. When teaching Junior High School students, the teacher should make the learning process enjoying because children love to play and learn best when they are enjoying it. By using video and picture it is expected that students can improve their listening skill with learning by playing. So, they will enjoy and easy to receive the material. In language learning context, it is believed that children will learn a foreign language more effectively under certain conditions. When teaching learning process is fun and natural, then it will make the students more effectively in learning the target language. The use of radio, tape recorders, film, projectors and pictures in teaching appeals to the eye because they attract attention and sustain interest by illustrating relationships like similarities and contrasts of activities in a way that conveys messages better than words could do. Such aids in teaching are closer to real life situations. They provide immediate feedback to learners on their performance and help to save teaching time because they speed up the learning process better than lengthy descriptions if words were to be used. Students who are not able to be stimulated by other techniques can indeed be stimulated by picture, film, chart, recorded tapes and other instructional material. One of the ways to orient learners to a listening comprehension task is by providing them visual material. Video and picture are the example of instructional media that can be used in teaching listening. It is a new way in teaching listening which can make the students having a new way and expected to increase their motivation when they got the listening material from the teachers. Teachers should know which kind of learning media that can be effective used in their classroom. In learning listening skill, it is better to use Video than Picture. Learners are more motivated to cope with the instruction when given the opportunity to study with the use of video materials. It was because videos include both aural and visual information and it also closer to the real life situations. When the students feel entertaining and enjoy the material it can gained their motivation to study the material and could enhance their achievement in the material.

CHAPTER V CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION

A. Conclusions

In teaching listening skill, a teacher should be able to provide the students with some learning media to help them increase in learning comprehension. This is aimed at giving the students motivation in learning listening skill. The conclusion of this research is drawn from the findings and discussions presented in Chapter IV. The conclusions are described in the following paragraph. There was significant difference on listening comprehension by students who were taught with Video than those who were taught with Picture. However , Video is more effective than Picture to enhance students’ listening comprehension. There was significant difference on listening comprehension by students with high learning motivation who were taught with Video than those with high learning motivation who were taught with Picture. However, video is more effective to use in teaching listening comprehension. There was significant difference on listening comprehension by students with low motivation students’ who were taught with Video than those with low learning motivation students’ who were taught with Picture. In other words, video is more effective to use in teaching listening comprehension. There was interactional effect of learning media Video and Picture and students’ motivation toward students’ listening comprehension. Thus, it was concluded by the writer that the learning media used in teaching and learning and the level of students’ learning motivation interactively influence the ability of student s’ listening comprehension. In summary, students’ listening comprehension caused by interactional effects between the learning media that used by the teacher and students’ learning motivation. The use of Video and Picture can be an alternative technique in teaching listening comprehension. Therefore, using video showed better result than using picture both in low motivation and high motivation students in their listening comprehension result. B. Suggestions Based on the result of the research, it can be delivered some suggestions related to the use of instructional media to enhance students’ listening comprehension. For the English teachers, hopefully they can improve their professionalism, confidence, knowledge, and skills to create the good strategies for teaching. So, they can reach a good quality of teaching learning process and the students’ English achievement too. 76 English teacher should consider the use of instructional media in teaching English skill in the classroom, especially in teaching listening skill. There are a lot of media that can be used by the teacher to enhance students’ motivation in learning English using the media. The example is using Video and Picture in teaching listening skills. English teacher can used another kind of video, which, in this research was more effective in teaching listening skill. Another form of video such as DVD or podcast iPod broadcast can also use in teaching listening skill for the students who use English as a foreign language. For the institution which related to this research. Hopefully it can be a reference for the innovation of education program. The writer also expect that the government can evaluate the curriculum that was not improve the quality of teaching learning process and the students English achievement, provide the facilities which support the teaching learning aim. School also has a role in the success of students’ achievement in the classroom. Especially in learning listening skill which should have its own lab in the teaching and learning activities. For the students’, they can learn listening skill not only in the classroom, but they can use many kind of sources for listening skill such as video, movie, audio, or podcasts from the internet. The success in learning English not only the duty of the English teacher, the motivation from the students’ itself also had a great effect for their achievement. For the writer, this research can give the idea in teaching listening skill using media. Hopefully this research can improve her ability to teach listening skill and motivated her students to enhance their motivation and their listening comprehension. For the future researcher, the writer hope that the use of media can be developed such as using online and interactive media in teaching listening skill.